US3655966A - Electric charging device for electrophotography - Google Patents

Electric charging device for electrophotography Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3655966A
US3655966A US86493A US3655966DA US3655966A US 3655966 A US3655966 A US 3655966A US 86493 A US86493 A US 86493A US 3655966D A US3655966D A US 3655966DA US 3655966 A US3655966 A US 3655966A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
needle electrodes
insulating surface
insulating
joining members
carrier member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US86493A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Masaaki Takimoto
Masamichi Sato
Satoru Honjo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xerox Corp
Original Assignee
Xerox Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xerox Corp filed Critical Xerox Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3655966A publication Critical patent/US3655966A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/02—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices
    • G03G15/0291—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices corona discharge devices, e.g. wires, pointed electrodes, means for cleaning the corona discharge device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/47—Generating plasma using corona discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/47—Generating plasma using corona discharges
    • H05H1/477—Segmented electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
    • G03G2215/02—Arrangements for laying down a uniform charge
    • G03G2215/026—Arrangements for laying down a uniform charge by coronas
    • G03G2215/028—Arrangements for laying down a uniform charge by coronas using pointed electrodes

Definitions

  • a carrier member has a plurality of joining members disposed at substantially equal intervals thereon. Each of a plurality of needle electrodes is retained respectively by an associated joining member. When a force of sufficient magnitude is exerted on the needle electrodes, the tips of the electrodes are forced into contact with the member, the tips forming an envelope which conforms to the curved surface of the member. The needle electrodes are subsequently withdrawn to a predetermined position above the surface and an electric discharge potential is applied thereto, whereby a uniform electric charge is deposited on the surface of the insulating member.
  • the charging devices heretofore used in charging insulative members such as those utilized in electrophotography are designed to accomplish electric charging of electrophotographic sensitive layers in the form of flat or cylindrical members and therefore fail to provide electric charging for sensitive layers in complicatedly rugged forms. With the advance ment of electrophotography, electrophotographic sensitive layers have become all the more complicated in shape, making it necessary to develop an electric charging device usable therewith.
  • a carrier member has a plurality of joining members disposed at substantially equal intervals thereon.
  • Each of a plurality of needle electrodes is retained respectively by an associated joining member.
  • the tips of the electrodes are forced into contact with the member, the tips forming an envelope which conforms to the curved surface of the member.
  • the needle electrodes are subsequently withdrawn to a predetermined position above the surface and an electric discharge potential is applied thereto, whereof a uniform electric charge is deposited on the surface of the insulating member.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the electric charging apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in the state assumed when the apparatus is lowered until the tips of the needle electrodes thereof come into contact with the surface of the curved plate,
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating the apparatus as elevated from the state in FIG. 2 up to a desired position
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating one mode of returning the needle electrodes of the apparatus to their original state
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic oblique view of another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6 (a)-6 (c) are enlarged sectional views illustrating various preferred embodiments of the joining member for fixing a needle electrode on a carrier plate;
  • FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the joining member
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view illustrating an embodiment having an auxiliary carrier plate incorporated for needle electrode parallelism.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic oblique view illustrating an embodiment having a cylindrical guard disposed around every other needle electrode.
  • FIG. 1 represents apparatus for providing uniform electric charging a curved insulating member.
  • an electrophotographic sensitive layer is disposed on the surface of a curved conductive plate 102 mounted on base 101.
  • Typical electrophotographic materials include cadmium sulphide, zinc oxide, selenium, sulphur selenium, etc.
  • Numeral 103 denotes the electric charging apparatus of the present invention.
  • Numeral 104 denotes needle-shaped charging electrodes of a fixed length; a multiplicity of such charging electrodes are arranged substantially uniformly two-dimensionally.
  • a carrier plate 105 is provided for the needle electrodes 104, with the joining of the needle electrodes to the carrier plate being accomplished by means of joining members 106.
  • the joining members 106 are either fixed onto the carrier plate 105 or formed inseparably therewith.
  • the needle electrodes 104 are held in position by the joining members 106 in such way that, when exposed to a force of sufficient magnitude exerted in the axial direction thereof, they will slide in that direction but otherwise will be prevented from sliding.
  • the retaining force of joining members 106 is limited within a certain level, so that, when the retaining force is overcome by a force of sufficient magnitude exerted in the axial direction, the joining members will allow the needle electrodes to slide. Examples of joining member 106 will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 6(a)-6(c).
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the electric charging device portion 103 of FIG.
  • an envelope 201 is formed by the heads of the needle electrodes conforming to, or in correspondence with, the shape of the curved plate.
  • the tips of these needle electrodes and the curved plate are spaced by a substantially equal interval and the needle tips contacting the surface form an envelope conforming to the shape of the curved plate.
  • these needle electrodes are joined electrically and a high electric potential is applied between the needle electrodes and the curved plate, corona discharge is produced from the tips of these needle electrodes the surface of the curved plate being charged substantially uniformly. According to the present invention, therefore, uniform electric charging can be accomplished on any curved member no matter how complex the shape may be.
  • a flat plate 401 may be pushed down upon the electric charging apparatus as illustrated in FIG. 4 of the electric charging apparatus may be pushed up against the flat plate 401 so as to cause the heads of the needle electrodes to be aligned. In this way, the electric charging apparatus can be brought back to its original state shown in FIG. 1. For subsequent cycles of charging, this procedure has only to be repeated.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the apparatus of the invention which is usable in such case.
  • the electric charging apparatus 503 For the purpose of electrically charging a corrugated plate 502 on the base 501, the electric charging apparatus 503 comprises a row of needle electrodes 504, a supporting bar 505 and joining members 506. Similarly to the apparatus described hereinabove, the needle electrodes and the joining members are retained by a limited magnitude of force.
  • the tips of the needle electrodes are so arranged as to conform to the shape of the corrugated plate 502 and electric potential is applied thereto while they are moved to scan the surface in the direction of the arrow mark 507 (the direction in which the sectional shape of the corrugated plate remains unchanged) the surface of the corrugated plate is charged substantially uniformly.
  • FIG. 6 shows a few specific examples of the joining member.
  • FIG. 6 (0) represents an example utilizing a rubber bushing 603, in which a needle electrode 601 is retained in the hole of the bushing while the bushing is fixed on the carrier plate 602.
  • the electrode is made to slide by a force of sufficient magnitude applied in the axial direction of the needle electrode to overcome the retaining force of rubber bushing 603.
  • FIG. 6 (b) represents an example making use of a leaf spring 613. One end of this leaf spring is fixed on the carrier plate 602 and the other end holds the needle electrode in position together with the corresponding end of another leaf spring 613.
  • the object of the invention can be fulfilled by selecting the strength of the leaf spring suitable.
  • FIG. 6 (0) represents an example utilizing a rubber bushing 603, in which a needle electrode 601 is retained in the hole of the bushing while the bushing is fixed on the carrier plate 602.
  • the electrode is made to slide by a force of sufficient magnitude applied in the axial direction of the needle electrode to overcome the
  • FIG. 6 (0) represents an example utilizing the resiliency of the carrier plate 602 itself.
  • a portion of the carrier plate is bent as illustrated so as to function as a spring, with the resiliency produced thereby utilized for supporting the needle electrode.
  • the joining member suffices so long as it has a construction such that the needle electrode is moved by a force of sufficient magnitude to overcome the retaining force of the joining member.
  • FIG. 7 shows another preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 represents a device so designed that the needle electrodes can be moved freely only when the envelope formed by the tips of needle electrodes is arranged to conform to the shape of the curved plate, while they are immobilized at any other time.
  • the needle electrode 601 can fall freely by gravitational pull through the guide 604 which is provided at one portion of the carrier plate 602.
  • the electromagnet 605 When the electromagnet 605 is functioning, however, the needle electrode is attracted by the electromagnet and therefore is prevented from falling.
  • the electromagnet When the envelope is desired to be formed, therefore, the electromagnet is not energized, enabling the needle electrode to fall until it reaches the curved plate.
  • the envelope conforming to the curved plate can be obtained by energizing the electromagnet at the time the needle electrode reaches the curved plate and then lifting the electric charging apparatus. Any suitable device which can take the place of electromagnet 605 and which produces the same effect as mentioned above may be utilized.
  • the carrier plates are maintained horizontally in all the illustrated examples, they may be inclined by a desired angle, of course. This angle is determined by the case with which the surface being charged can be retained.
  • the needle electrodes 804 joined by joining member 806 to carrier plate 805 may be maintained in exact parallelism with one another by utilizing an auxiliary carrier plate 807, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the intervals between the needle electrodes are determined by the shape of the surface to be charged, the distance from the surface for charging to the tips of the needle electrodes, and the required degree of uniformity of electric charging and therefore cannot be fixed absolutely.
  • uniform electric charging can be obtained by selecting the intervals such that the shape of individual sections of the material falling between two adjacent needle electrodes can be nearly approximated by a straight line or a plane.
  • charging apparatus 903 and curved plate 905 may be arranged to include a cylindrical guard, or shield 908, disposed around every other needle electrode 904 as illustrated in FIG. 9, for example.
  • the guard 908 may be disposed as to be moved up and down synchronously with the movement of the electrode or it may be fixed at a given height.
  • the member to be charged has been characterized as including an electrophotographic layer
  • the present invention may be utilized with equal facility with an electrically insulating layer formed on a curved substrate.
  • a latent electrostatic image may be formed on a layer of plastic formed on a curved substrate.
  • a method for uniformly charging the surface of a curved insulating member comprising the steps of:
  • said insulating member comprises an electrophotographic layer overlying a conductive substrate.
  • a method for uniformly charging the surface of a curved insulating member comprising the steps of:
  • said insulating member comprises an electrophotographic layer overlying a conductive substrate.
  • Apparatus for uniformly charging the surface of a curved insulating member comprising:
  • a carrier member having a plurality of joining members disposed at substantially equal intervals on said carrier member and a plurality of needle electrodes retained respectively by said joining members substantially vertical with reference to the plane of said carrier member, said carrier member being positioned above said insulating surface, v
  • said insulating member comprises an electrophotographic layer overlying a conductive substrate.
  • the apparatus as defined in claim 6 further including means for shielding said needle electrodes from the effect of the discharge produced by adjacent needle electrodes.
  • Apparatus for uniformly charging the surface of a curved insulating member comprising:
  • a carrier member having a plurality of joining members disposed at substantially equal intervals on said carrier member and a plurality of needle electrodes retained respectively by said joining members substantially vertical with reference to the plane of said carrier member, said carrier member being positioned above said insulating surface,
  • said insulating member comprises an electrophotographic layer overlying a conductive substrate.
  • the apparatus as defined in claim 10 further including means for shielding said needle electrodes from the effect of the discharge produced by adjacent needle electrodes.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
US86493A 1969-11-08 1970-11-03 Electric charging device for electrophotography Expired - Lifetime US3655966A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44089423A JPS4825942B1 (de) 1969-11-08 1969-11-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3655966A true US3655966A (en) 1972-04-11

Family

ID=13970234

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US86493A Expired - Lifetime US3655966A (en) 1969-11-08 1970-11-03 Electric charging device for electrophotography

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3655966A (de)
JP (1) JPS4825942B1 (de)
CA (1) CA922359A (de)
DE (1) DE2054710A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1323599A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3811048A (en) * 1972-09-12 1974-05-14 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic charging apparatus
US3937960A (en) * 1972-02-22 1976-02-10 Rank Xerox, Ltd. Charging device for electrophotography
US3967119A (en) * 1970-12-30 1976-06-29 Rank Xerox Ltd. Corona charging device
US4146789A (en) * 1976-10-25 1979-03-27 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Multi-pin electrode assembly
US4467200A (en) * 1980-12-01 1984-08-21 Klaus Kalwar Device for the surface treatment of thermoplastic moldings by corona discharge
US4507373A (en) * 1983-10-03 1985-03-26 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for uniformly charging a surface
EP0228247A2 (de) * 1985-12-25 1987-07-08 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Behandlungssystem mit Koronaentladung
EP0434177A1 (de) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-26 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Behandlungsvorrichtung mit Coronaentladung
EP1280016A1 (de) * 2001-07-23 2003-01-29 Océ-Technologies B.V. Apparat zur Aufladung eines Substrates und mit einem solchen Apparat versehenes Bilderzeugungsgerät
US20130299717A1 (en) * 2010-12-28 2013-11-14 Koganei Corporation Ion generator
US9354539B1 (en) * 2015-04-29 2016-05-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Image forming apparatus with holding unit for charging electrode
EP3435746A1 (de) * 2017-07-27 2019-01-30 FGM Fritz Gradert Maschinenbau GmbH + Co. KG Elektrode zur behandlung von oberflächen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH046030Y2 (de) * 1986-05-16 1992-02-19

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2864756A (en) * 1955-06-08 1958-12-16 Modern Plastic Machinery Corp Method and apparatus for the treatment of plastic materials
US3483374A (en) * 1966-01-24 1969-12-09 Alusuisse Apparatus for the surface treatment of workpieces by electrical discharges

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2864756A (en) * 1955-06-08 1958-12-16 Modern Plastic Machinery Corp Method and apparatus for the treatment of plastic materials
US3483374A (en) * 1966-01-24 1969-12-09 Alusuisse Apparatus for the surface treatment of workpieces by electrical discharges

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3967119A (en) * 1970-12-30 1976-06-29 Rank Xerox Ltd. Corona charging device
US3937960A (en) * 1972-02-22 1976-02-10 Rank Xerox, Ltd. Charging device for electrophotography
US3811048A (en) * 1972-09-12 1974-05-14 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic charging apparatus
US4146789A (en) * 1976-10-25 1979-03-27 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Multi-pin electrode assembly
US4467200A (en) * 1980-12-01 1984-08-21 Klaus Kalwar Device for the surface treatment of thermoplastic moldings by corona discharge
US4507373A (en) * 1983-10-03 1985-03-26 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for uniformly charging a surface
EP0228247A2 (de) * 1985-12-25 1987-07-08 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Behandlungssystem mit Koronaentladung
EP0228247A3 (en) * 1985-12-25 1988-07-27 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Corona discharge treating system
EP0434177A1 (de) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-26 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Behandlungsvorrichtung mit Coronaentladung
US5038036A (en) * 1989-12-19 1991-08-06 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Corona discharge processing apparatus
EP1280016A1 (de) * 2001-07-23 2003-01-29 Océ-Technologies B.V. Apparat zur Aufladung eines Substrates und mit einem solchen Apparat versehenes Bilderzeugungsgerät
US6741444B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2004-05-25 Océ-Technologies B.V. Apparatus for charging a substrate and an image forming apparatus comprising an apparatus of this kind
US20130299717A1 (en) * 2010-12-28 2013-11-14 Koganei Corporation Ion generator
US8890070B2 (en) * 2010-12-28 2014-11-18 Koganei Corporation Object neutralization with flexible discharge electrode
US9354539B1 (en) * 2015-04-29 2016-05-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Image forming apparatus with holding unit for charging electrode
EP3435746A1 (de) * 2017-07-27 2019-01-30 FGM Fritz Gradert Maschinenbau GmbH + Co. KG Elektrode zur behandlung von oberflächen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4825942B1 (de) 1973-08-02
CA922359A (en) 1973-03-06
GB1323599A (en) 1973-07-18
DE2054710A1 (de) 1971-05-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3655966A (en) Electric charging device for electrophotography
US2833930A (en) Electrostatic charging method and apparatus
US2833648A (en) Transfer of electrostatic charge pattern
US2803177A (en) Apparatus and method for xerographic printing
US3007049A (en) Apparatus for generating electrostatic images
US3743830A (en) Device for uniformly charging a non-planar electrophotographic plate
US3744898A (en) Corona discharge apparatus
US3611074A (en) Corona discharge device
US4130852A (en) Grounded grid static discharge apparatus
US3234904A (en) Device for tesiprinting
US4571052A (en) Electric field transfer method and apparatus
US3764866A (en) Corona generator
US3908127A (en) Corona generating devices
US2862816A (en) Method of and means for reducing triboelectric forces in electrophotography
US4099219A (en) Coronode tensioning and support arrangement
US3492476A (en) Electrostatic charging device utilizing both a.c. and d.c. fields
US20210020615A1 (en) Chip transfer substrate, chip transfer device and chip transfer method
EP0004380B1 (de) Skorotron - Ladeeinrichtung
JPH08339763A (ja) Ｃｒｔの光伝導性層用充電装置
US3877417A (en) Transfer corona generating device with support brushes
US3160746A (en) Corona charging apparatus for non-uniformly charging a xerographic plate in a predetermined manner
US3688107A (en) Electrostatographic charging apparatus
GB1205297A (en) A method of and apparatus for charging an insulating layer on a conductive backing
GB1480842A (en) Electrophotography
US3624392A (en) Electrophotographic charging apparatus comprising needle point discharge electrodes and concave shield electrodes