US3651195A - Process for producing composite filaments - Google Patents

Process for producing composite filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3651195A
US3651195A US733090A US3651195DA US3651195A US 3651195 A US3651195 A US 3651195A US 733090 A US733090 A US 733090A US 3651195D A US3651195D A US 3651195DA US 3651195 A US3651195 A US 3651195A
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Prior art keywords
polymer
dispersion
filament
core
strand
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Expired - Lifetime
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US733090A
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English (en)
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Ole-Bendt Rasmussen
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
    • D01D11/06—Coating with spinning solutions or melts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/304—Extrusion nozzles or dies specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • a filament material comprises a core consisting of a substantially homogeneous polymer material (A) and a coat consisting of two mutually incompatible polymer materials (B) and (C) where (B) is compatible with (A) and form a substantially helical fibrous structure on the surface of (A) and (C) is easily removable.
  • a dispersion of (B) and (C) is applied to the surface of (A) while this is being extruded whereafter the extruded strand is subjected to stretching and twisting.
  • the present invention relates to a composite filament material capable of forming a textile yarn by removal of a protective polymer contained therein.
  • the filament according to the present invention comprises, as core material, a substantially homogeneous polymer material (A) and, as a coat, a fine dispersion in stretched state of at least two mutually incompatible polymer materials (B) and (C), (B) being compatible with (A) and at the interphase between the coat and the core being in adhesive connection with the latter, (C) being easily removable, (B) forming a fibrous structure having an average fibre diameter about or below 10p, the fibres on the average being arranged around the core according to a helical orientation.
  • the said filament or removal of the protective polymer yields a yarn having at its surface the above-mentioned improved properties, and getting from its core part, where such properties are of less importance, a tensile strength almost at the same level as that of a monofilament.
  • the surface part and the core part will be in relatively strong connection partly because of the above-mentioned compatibility, and partly because of the helical arrangement of the orientation, the abrasion resistance of the yarn thus being suitable.
  • the structure according to the invention thus presents a surprising combination of desirable yarn properties.
  • the word compatibility as used above is to indicate a mutual solubility being sufficient for the formation of an adhesive bond.
  • the expression on the average being arranged around the core according to a helical orientation is to indicate that the meshes of the said network or sponge may be strongly opened, although on the average the said fibres follow a helical orientation.
  • the word orientation is not meant to indicate any orientation of molecules which will be optional, but indicates the arrangement of the direction of the fibre.
  • the components B and C are preferably selected in such a manner that B will be in the form of crystal whiskers in the filament according to the invention.
  • Suitable conditions for producing oriented polymer whiskers for use in connection with yarn production appear in my copending application S.N. 528,916, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,822 issued Mar. 10, 1970.
  • Such Iwhiskers as disclosed in the said patent are normally mutually connected through intercrystalline links having cross dimensions far below l/i.
  • the said structure is advantageous in the present invention, as the whiskers are relatively regular and in relatively good adhesive connection through the said links.
  • the said component B has a higher melting point or melting range than component A.
  • B will thlus solidify while A will sti-ll be elongated in fluid state, the result being that the relatively solid Ifibrous B material will split-up during the drawing-down of the core material A.
  • the said splitting up increases the fluiness of the surface material formed when the protective (C) has been removed.
  • B has a higher module of elasticity than A.
  • the said selection is based on the observation that the best results are obtained when the surface consists of fibres being extremely fine and simultaneously stiff, that however the core having much bigger diameter than the libres at the surface, preferably should be made from a substantially softer polymer.
  • the core may with advantage be produced from an elastomer.
  • the polymer A may with advantage be selected as a copolymer containing a high amount of the segments from which B is formed.
  • the invention also provides a suitable process for producing a composite filament material of the character re ferred to.
  • said process comprises the steps of extruding a continuous strand of a filament forming polymer material (A), applying to the surface of said strand, while this is being extruded, a coating material consisting of a fine dispersion of at least two mutually incompatible polymer materials (B) and (C), (B) being compatible with (A) and capable of adhering thereto, (C) being easily removable, and subjecting said strand, While still in a fluid or semi-fluid state, to simultaneous stretching and twisting.
  • this comprises the steps of mixing B and C at random to a fine dispersion, extruding said dispersion through one channel system and A through another channel system, uniting the two polymer streams in a rotating nozzle adapted to apply the dispersion as coat on A, hauling off the composite filament by means not following the rotation of said nozzle, and cooling the filament to solidification.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of a yarn formed from the composite filament by removal of C
  • FIG. 2 shows a nozzle system suitable for producing the composite filament.
  • FIG. 1 shows the fibrous sponge or network formed material B being twisted around the core material A.
  • the meshes of the network or sponge formed by- B may be very open because of the drawing-down of the core A.
  • 1 is the rotating nozzle part
  • 2 the steady part for feeding of polymer A
  • 3 is the steady inlet part for the polymer dispersion (B-l-C).
  • the bearings and transmission means for 1 are not shown.
  • Polymer A is fed through a channel 4, which is connected to one extruder, whereas the polymer dispersion is fed through channel 5 connected to another extruder.
  • Channel 5 widens out to a ring-formed chamber 6, which is in connection with a series of channels 7 arranged in star-form in the rotating part. The dispersion is thus coated upon the core material in the chamber 8.
  • the filament is hauled olf from the nozzle by rollers which do not follow the rotation of 1, thus the structure of the stretched dispersion will be arranged helically.
  • Air cooling is applied to solidify the component B of the dispersion immediately after the extrusion, and the cooling eiect is so controlled that the crystallization of B takes place when A has onlyl been stretched to a very small extent, whereas a deep draw-down of the core A should be allowed after the crystallization of B.
  • i EXAMPLE A is a copolymer between polyhexamine-adipamide and polycaprolactam in a copolymerisation ratio of 40/ 60 (trade name Nylon 6A).
  • B is polycaprolactam homopolymer
  • C is polyethylene.
  • the melt index of the copolymer is 2 according to ASTM No. 1238-57T condition K.
  • the melt index of the homopolymer is 0.3 according to the same testing method, and the melt index of the polyethylene is 20 (same ASTM No. but Condition E).
  • the contents of polymer B is 30% of polymer A.
  • the contents of polymer C in the dispersion with A is 40% of the total amount of dispersion.
  • the component A is fed to the dye by means of a normal extruder.
  • the diameter of the orifices of the extruder is 0.5 mm. and the filament is drawn down to a ydiameter of 0.08 mm., while the copolymer is still melted.
  • the final product has a twist of about one rotation per cm.
  • the present invention can furthermore with advantage be carried out on other polymer combinations, e.g. with as the A component of polyurethane copolymer of elastomer character, and as the B component a compatible polyurethane homopolymer.
  • a process for producing a composite filament material comprising the steps of providing a continuous strand of a filament forming polymer material (A), applying to the surface of said strand a substantially continuous layer of a coating material consisting essentially of a fine dispersion of at least two mutually incompatible fusable polymer materials (B) and (C) in fused condition, said material (B) being compatible with said material (A) and capable of adhering thereto, said material (C) being easily removable from admixture with said material (B),
  • component (B) has a higher modulus of elasticity than component (A).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US733090A 1967-05-30 1968-05-29 Process for producing composite filaments Expired - Lifetime US3651195A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2483667 1967-05-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3651195A true US3651195A (en) 1972-03-21

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ID=10217998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US733090A Expired - Lifetime US3651195A (en) 1967-05-30 1968-05-29 Process for producing composite filaments

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3651195A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1760518A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK117312B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1568499A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1230991A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4434121A (en) 1981-10-01 1984-02-28 Audi Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft Method for production of a helical spring from a fiber-reinforced plastic
DE3604001A1 (de) * 1986-02-08 1987-08-13 Reifenhaeuser Masch Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines mehrstoffmonofilstranges aus thermoplastischem kunststoff
US5438858A (en) * 1991-06-19 1995-08-08 Gottlieb Guhring Kg Extrusion tool for producing a hard metal rod or a ceramic rod with twisted internal boreholes
US5601857A (en) * 1990-07-05 1997-02-11 Konrad Friedrichs Kg Extruder for extrusion manufacturing
USD402770S (en) 1997-07-23 1998-12-15 Andersen Corporation siding panel
US6122877A (en) * 1997-05-30 2000-09-26 Andersen Corporation Fiber-polymeric composite siding unit and method of manufacture
US20090193906A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2009-08-06 Patrick Hook Composite fibre and related detection system

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988009836A1 (en) * 1985-12-10 1988-12-15 Christopher Francis Coles Improvements in or related to fibres
US4814131A (en) * 1987-07-02 1989-03-21 Atlas Sheldon M Process for producing a shaped article, such as fiber composed of a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer
CN108179487A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-06-19 常熟市翔鹰特纤有限公司 一种合成纤维旋转纺丝系统及纺丝方法
CN118326532B (zh) * 2024-06-12 2024-08-27 晋江市港益纤维制品有限公司 适用于涤纶和氨纶复合纺的螺杆挤出设备及挤出工艺

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4434121A (en) 1981-10-01 1984-02-28 Audi Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft Method for production of a helical spring from a fiber-reinforced plastic
DE3604001A1 (de) * 1986-02-08 1987-08-13 Reifenhaeuser Masch Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines mehrstoffmonofilstranges aus thermoplastischem kunststoff
US5601857A (en) * 1990-07-05 1997-02-11 Konrad Friedrichs Kg Extruder for extrusion manufacturing
US5438858A (en) * 1991-06-19 1995-08-08 Gottlieb Guhring Kg Extrusion tool for producing a hard metal rod or a ceramic rod with twisted internal boreholes
US6122877A (en) * 1997-05-30 2000-09-26 Andersen Corporation Fiber-polymeric composite siding unit and method of manufacture
US6682814B2 (en) 1997-05-30 2004-01-27 Andersen Corporation Fiber-polymeric composite siding unit and method of manufacture
USD402770S (en) 1997-07-23 1998-12-15 Andersen Corporation siding panel
US20090193906A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2009-08-06 Patrick Hook Composite fibre and related detection system
US8191429B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2012-06-05 Auxetix Limited Composite fibre and related detection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK117312B (da) 1970-04-13
GB1230991A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-05-05
DE1760518A1 (de) 1971-12-23
FR1568499A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-05-23

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