US3650517A - Device for removing gas from molten metals contained in a ladle - Google Patents

Device for removing gas from molten metals contained in a ladle Download PDF

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US3650517A
US3650517A US65032A US3650517DA US3650517A US 3650517 A US3650517 A US 3650517A US 65032 A US65032 A US 65032A US 3650517D A US3650517D A US 3650517DA US 3650517 A US3650517 A US 3650517A
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molten metal
reaction pipe
ladle
vacuum container
reaction
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US65032A
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Theodor Messing
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STANDARD MESSO DUISBURG
Standard-Messo Duisburg Gesellschaft fur Chemietechnik & Co mbH
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STANDARD MESSO DUISBURG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for removing gas from steel or other molten metals contained in a ladle.
  • a charged tapping ladle is placed in an evacuated container and an inert gas is introduced into the molten metal through the bottom of the ladle to remove gas from the metal by intense agitation.
  • a sufficiently large reaction space must be left in the ladle above the molten metal to prevent the slag or dross, or even the molten metal itself, from boiling over.
  • the requirement of a sufficiently large reaction space when degassing in the ladle means that, for a given size of la dle, the charge must be relatively small. If, to increase output, larger charges have to be degassed, larger ladles must be used, to provide an adequate reaction space. The resulting weight of the ladle necessitates expensive alterations to the installation.
  • the invention is characterized primarily in that an apparatus is provided for removing gas from steel or other molten metal which comprises a ladle for the molten metal, a vacuum container arranged to house said ladle, an upper portion of said container adapted to be movable and removable relative to a lower portion of said container, and a reaction pipe mounted within the upper portion of the container, the lower end portion of the pipe being arranged to extend into the molten metal within the ladle.
  • the apparatus comprises a degassing container having a lower portion 1 and an upper portion 2.
  • a flange 3 with an upwardly extending funnel-shaped guide portion 4 is provided on the lower portion 1.
  • the upper portion 2 has a flange 5 by which it is supported on the lower portion 1, a sealing ring 6 being interposed between the flanges 3, 5.
  • the lower portion 1 is also provided with a connection 7 for a pipe (not shown) leading to a vacuum pump.
  • the upper portion 2 has an opening 8, equipped with a seal, to enable a nozzle 9 to be introduced, for feeding chemically reactive gases into the reaction space.
  • a charging device 10, for solid alloying materials, is also provided in the upper portion 2.
  • the bottom of the ladle 11 contains a plug of porous brick 15 with a gas feed pipe 16 for the introduction of an inert agitation gas, for example, argon into the molten metal 13.
  • reaction pipe 18 Secured in the upper portion 2 of the degassing container by means of stays 17 is a reaction pipe 18 the lower end portion of which is immersed in the molten metal 13.
  • the reaction pipe 18 is disposed below the charging device 10. At least the lower end portion of the reaction pipe 18 is encased in refractory material 19 and the volume of the reaction pipe 18 is greater than the increase in volume of the molten metal during the degassing and metallurgical treatment thereof.
  • the lower end of the reaction pipe 18 is closed by a deflecting cap 20 when immersed in the molten metal 13, so that the slag 14 is directed into the annular-sectioned spaced defined between the ladle 11 and the reaction pipe 18.
  • the advantage of the deflecting cap 20 is that the metal 13 can be given direct metallurgical treatment in the reaction space formed by the reaction pipe 18.
  • the apparatus can, however, be used without the deflecting cap 20 when the presence of the slag 14 in the reaction space has no adverse effect on the metallurgical reactions.
  • the base of the degassing container is provided with guides 21 which receive feet 22 on the ladle 11.
  • the ladles can be filled with a normal charge without the molten metal boiling over as a result of the increase in volume which occurs during degassing and metallurgical treatment.
  • the apparatus described is advantageous in that, without any increase in the size and weight of the ladle 11, a reaction space is formed above the molten metal, into which space the molten metal can rise when the agitation gas is admitted into the ladle and within which the molten metal can be treated metallurgically with reactive gases fed! through the nozzle.
  • the reaction pipe 18 can be cylindrical (as shown) or funnel shaped.
  • the diameter of the lower end of the reaction pipe 18 is only a little smaller than the inner diameter of the ladle 11 at the same level, so that this portion of the annular-sectioned space defined between the reaction pipe 18 and the ladle 11 can be kept as small as possible.
  • the deflecting cap 20 should be made of a material which, when its enters the melt, does not react with the molten metal to form slag or reacts with the molten metal to form an alloy thereof.
  • reaction pipe 18 In order that the lower end portion of the reaction pipe 18 is not damaged when the upper portion 2 is removed, the reaction pipe 18 should terminate a short distance above the lower end of the upper portion 2.
  • a device for removing gaseous substances from molten metal which includes: a multi-part vacuum container, the upper part of said vacuum container being movable and removable with respect to the lower part of said vacuum container, a ladle housed in said vacuum container, a reaction pipe supported by said upper part of said vacuum container, the bottom end of said reaction pipe extending into said ladle so as to be immersible in molten metal introduced into said Iadle, the inner volume of said reaction pipe being in excess of the increase in volume of the molten metal which occurs during degassing and metallurgical treatment of said molten metal.
  • a device in which at least that part of said bottom end of said reaction pipe which extends into said molten metal is encased in refractory material.
  • a device in which said bottom end of said reaction pipe is closed with a deflecting cap when said bottom end of said reaction pipe is immersed in said molten metal.
  • a device in which said deflecting cap is made of a material which, when said deflecting cap becomes part of said molten metal, will not form slag.
  • said deflecting cap is made of a material which, when said deflecting cap becomes part of said molten metal, will alloy with the molten metal.
  • reaction pipe terminates short of the lower edge of said upper part of said vacuum container.
  • a device in which inlet means are provided to permit the addition of alloying materials and reaction active gases into said reaction pipe from above and to permit the addition of agitating gas from below said reaction pipe.
  • a device which includes centering means forming part of said lower part of said vacuum container for centering said upper part of said vacuum container and said ladle with respect to said lower part of said vacuum container. 5

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for removing gas from steel or other molten metal contained in a ladle. The ladle is housed in a multi-part vacuum container, and a reaction pipe connected to the vacuum container extends into the ladle and is immersed in molten metal when the latter is introduced into the ladle. The inner volume of the reaction pipe is greater than the increase in volume of the molten metal which occurs during degassing and metallurgical treatment of the molten metal.

Description

llniteul States Patent [151 3,650,517 Messing Mar. 21, 1972 [54] DEVICE FOR REMOVING GAS FROM MULTEN METALS CONTAINED IN A LADLE memo Towed?!Ms zin zmhaofiiun52stdorf, Germany Standard-Messo Duisburg Gesellschaft fur Chemietechnik mit beschrankter Haftung 8: Co., Duisburg, Germany Filed: Aug. 19, 1970 Appl. No.: 65,032
Assignee:
Foreign Application Priority Data [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,240,588 3/1966 Finkl ..266/34 V 3,320,053 5/1967 Lehman... 3,384,362 5/1968 Philbrick ..266/34 V Primary Examiner-Gerald A. Dost Attorney-Walter Becker [5 7] ABSTRACT 12 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure Patented March 21, 1972 3,650,517
INVENTOR.
DEVICE FOR REMOVING GAS FROM MOLTEN METALS CONTAINED IN A LADLE The invention relates to a device for removing gas from steel or other molten metals contained in a ladle.
In one known process for degassing molten metals a charged tapping ladle is placed in an evacuated container and an inert gas is introduced into the molten metal through the bottom of the ladle to remove gas from the metal by intense agitation. This causes the molten metal to boil and increase in volume. For this reason, a sufficiently large reaction space must be left in the ladle above the molten metal to prevent the slag or dross, or even the molten metal itself, from boiling over. The requirement of a sufficiently large reaction space when degassing in the ladle means that, for a given size of la dle, the charge must be relatively small. If, to increase output, larger charges have to be degassed, larger ladles must be used, to provide an adequate reaction space. The resulting weight of the ladle necessitates expensive alterations to the installation.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device in which the ladle can be filled with a normal charge without the molten metal boiling over.
This object and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows a longitudinal section of one form of device according to the invention.
The invention is characterized primarily in that an apparatus is provided for removing gas from steel or other molten metal which comprises a ladle for the molten metal, a vacuum container arranged to house said ladle, an upper portion of said container adapted to be movable and removable relative to a lower portion of said container, and a reaction pipe mounted within the upper portion of the container, the lower end portion of the pipe being arranged to extend into the molten metal within the ladle.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, the apparatus comprises a degassing container having a lower portion 1 and an upper portion 2. A flange 3 with an upwardly extending funnel-shaped guide portion 4 is provided on the lower portion 1. The upper portion 2 has a flange 5 by which it is supported on the lower portion 1, a sealing ring 6 being interposed between the flanges 3, 5. The lower portion 1 is also provided with a connection 7 for a pipe (not shown) leading to a vacuum pump. The upper portion 2 has an opening 8, equipped with a seal, to enable a nozzle 9 to be introduced, for feeding chemically reactive gases into the reaction space. A charging device 10, for solid alloying materials, is also provided in the upper portion 2.
A ladle 11 having a refractory lining 12, is placed in the degassing container and is filled with steel or other molten metal 13. Slag 14 floats on top of the molten metal 13. The bottom of the ladle 11 contains a plug of porous brick 15 with a gas feed pipe 16 for the introduction of an inert agitation gas, for example, argon into the molten metal 13.
Secured in the upper portion 2 of the degassing container by means of stays 17 is a reaction pipe 18 the lower end portion of which is immersed in the molten metal 13. The reaction pipe 18 is disposed below the charging device 10. At least the lower end portion of the reaction pipe 18 is encased in refractory material 19 and the volume of the reaction pipe 18 is greater than the increase in volume of the molten metal during the degassing and metallurgical treatment thereof.
In the embodiment illustrated, the lower end of the reaction pipe 18 is closed by a deflecting cap 20 when immersed in the molten metal 13, so that the slag 14 is directed into the annular-sectioned spaced defined between the ladle 11 and the reaction pipe 18. The advantage of the deflecting cap 20 is that the metal 13 can be given direct metallurgical treatment in the reaction space formed by the reaction pipe 18. I
The apparatus can, however, be used without the deflecting cap 20 when the presence of the slag 14 in the reaction space has no adverse effect on the metallurgical reactions.
To enable the ladle 11 to be centered precisely below the reaction pipe 18 that is to be introduced into it, the base of the degassing container is provided with guides 21 which receive feet 22 on the ladle 11.
Thus, in the device described, the ladles can be filled with a normal charge without the molten metal boiling over as a result of the increase in volume which occurs during degassing and metallurgical treatment.
The apparatus described is advantageous in that, without any increase in the size and weight of the ladle 11, a reaction space is formed above the molten metal, into which space the molten metal can rise when the agitation gas is admitted into the ladle and within which the molten metal can be treated metallurgically with reactive gases fed! through the nozzle.
The reaction pipe 18 can be cylindrical (as shown) or funnel shaped. Preferably the diameter of the lower end of the reaction pipe 18 is only a little smaller than the inner diameter of the ladle 11 at the same level, so that this portion of the annular-sectioned space defined between the reaction pipe 18 and the ladle 11 can be kept as small as possible.
In order to improve the effectiveness of the degassing and metallurgical treatment operations, the deflecting cap 20 should be made of a material which, when its enters the melt, does not react with the molten metal to form slag or reacts with the molten metal to form an alloy thereof.
In order that the lower end portion of the reaction pipe 18 is not damaged when the upper portion 2 is removed, the reaction pipe 18 should terminate a short distance above the lower end of the upper portion 2.
It is, of course, to be understood that the present invention is, by no means, limited to the specific showing in the drawing, but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.
What I claim is:
l. A device for removing gaseous substances from molten metal, which includes: a multi-part vacuum container, the upper part of said vacuum container being movable and removable with respect to the lower part of said vacuum container, a ladle housed in said vacuum container, a reaction pipe supported by said upper part of said vacuum container, the bottom end of said reaction pipe extending into said ladle so as to be immersible in molten metal introduced into said Iadle, the inner volume of said reaction pipe being in excess of the increase in volume of the molten metal which occurs during degassing and metallurgical treatment of said molten metal.
2. A device according to claim 1, in which said reaction pipe is cylindrical.
3. A device according to claim 1, in which said reaction pipe is funnel-shaped.
4. A device according to claim 1, in which the outer diameter of the lower end of said reaction pipe is only slightly less than the inner diameter of the adjacent portion of said ladle.
5. A device according to claim 1, in which at least that part of said bottom end of said reaction pipe which extends into said molten metal is encased in refractory material.
6. A device according to claim 1, in which said bottom end of said reaction pipe is closed with a deflecting cap when said bottom end of said reaction pipe is immersed in said molten metal.
7. A device according to claim 6, in which said deflecting cap is made of a material which, when said deflecting cap becomes part of said molten metal, will not form slag.
8. A device according to claim 6, in which said deflecting cap is made of a material which, when said deflecting cap becomes part of said molten metal, will alloy with the molten metal.
9. A device according to claim 6, in which said deflecting cap is conical.
10. A device according to claim 1, in which said reaction pipe terminates short of the lower edge of said upper part of said vacuum container.
11. A device according to claim 1, in which inlet means are provided to permit the addition of alloying materials and reaction active gases into said reaction pipe from above and to permit the addition of agitating gas from below said reaction pipe.
12. A device according to claim 1, which includes centering means forming part of said lower part of said vacuum container for centering said upper part of said vacuum container and said ladle with respect to said lower part of said vacuum container. 5

Claims (11)

  1. 2. A device according to claim 1, in which said reaction pipe is cylindrical.
  2. 3. A device according to claim 1, in which said reaction pipe is funnel-shaped.
  3. 4. A device according to claim 1, in which the outer diameter of the Lower end of said reaction pipe is only slightly less than the inner diameter of the adjacent portion of said ladle.
  4. 5. A device according to claim 1, in which at least that part of said bottom end of said reaction pipe which extends into said molten metal is encased in refractory material.
  5. 6. A device according to claim 1, in which said bottom end of said reaction pipe is closed with a deflecting cap when said bottom end of said reaction pipe is immersed in said molten metal.
  6. 7. A device according to claim 6, in which said deflecting cap is made of a material which, when said deflecting cap becomes part of said molten metal, will not form slag.
  7. 8. A device according to claim 6, in which said deflecting cap is made of a material which, when said deflecting cap becomes part of said molten metal, will alloy with the molten metal.
  8. 9. A device according to claim 6, in which said deflecting cap is conical.
  9. 10. A device according to claim 1, in which said reaction pipe terminates short of the lower edge of said upper part of said vacuum container.
  10. 11. A device according to claim 1, in which inlet means are provided to permit the addition of alloying materials and reaction active gases into said reaction pipe from above and to permit the addition of agitating gas from below said reaction pipe.
  11. 12. A device according to claim 1, which includes centering means forming part of said lower part of said vacuum container for centering said upper part of said vacuum container and said ladle with respect to said lower part of said vacuum container.
US65032A 1969-12-27 1970-08-19 Device for removing gas from molten metals contained in a ladle Expired - Lifetime US3650517A (en)

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DE19691965136 DE1965136B1 (en) 1969-12-27 1969-12-27 Device for ladle degassing of steel or other metal melts

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AT (1) AT326168B (en)
BE (1) BE745107A (en)
DE (1) DE1965136B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2072067B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1291309A (en)
NL (1) NL160335C (en)
SE (1) SE375795B (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904180A (en) * 1973-05-18 1975-09-09 Southwire Co Apparatus for fluxing and filtering of molten metal
US4541865A (en) * 1984-05-16 1985-09-17 Sherwood William L Continuous vacuum degassing and casting of steel
US4592538A (en) * 1982-09-15 1986-06-03 Elkem Metals Company Apparatus for producing predominately iron alloy containing magnesium
US4687184A (en) * 1986-07-14 1987-08-18 Insul Company, Inc. Device for introducing gas into molten metal in a wide annular stream
AU582787B2 (en) * 1984-05-16 1989-04-13 William Lyon Sherwood Continuous vacuum degassing and casting of steel
US5242485A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-09-07 Mannesmann Ag Process and apparatus for vacuum treatment of metals
US5540895A (en) * 1994-06-03 1996-07-30 Paul Wurth S.A. Device for the treatment of mixture of steam and air contaminated with sulphurous gases, formed during the granulation and dehydration of blast furnace slag
US5762682A (en) * 1993-12-21 1998-06-09 Vacmetal Limited Method and apparatus for processing ferrous materials
US5917115A (en) * 1997-05-15 1999-06-29 Sms Vacmetal, Gmbh Apparatus for and method of treating liquid metal

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2433583A1 (en) * 1978-08-18 1980-03-14 Nippon Steel Corp Vessel for treating molten metal under vacuum - has dividing wall forming flow paths of precisely determined area
HU179333B (en) * 1978-10-04 1982-09-28 Vasipari Kutato Intezet Method and apparatus for decreasing the unclusion contents and refining the structure of steels
GB2164059A (en) * 1984-09-04 1986-03-12 Materials & Methods Ltd Treatment of molten iron

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3240588A (en) * 1961-01-09 1966-03-15 Finkl & Sons Co Method and apparatus for treating molten metal
US3320053A (en) * 1964-09-25 1967-05-16 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of injecting gases into steel melts
US3384362A (en) * 1965-03-04 1968-05-21 Mohr & Sons John Apparatus for adding heat to flowing metal

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3240588A (en) * 1961-01-09 1966-03-15 Finkl & Sons Co Method and apparatus for treating molten metal
US3320053A (en) * 1964-09-25 1967-05-16 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of injecting gases into steel melts
US3384362A (en) * 1965-03-04 1968-05-21 Mohr & Sons John Apparatus for adding heat to flowing metal

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904180A (en) * 1973-05-18 1975-09-09 Southwire Co Apparatus for fluxing and filtering of molten metal
US4592538A (en) * 1982-09-15 1986-06-03 Elkem Metals Company Apparatus for producing predominately iron alloy containing magnesium
US4541865A (en) * 1984-05-16 1985-09-17 Sherwood William L Continuous vacuum degassing and casting of steel
AU582787B2 (en) * 1984-05-16 1989-04-13 William Lyon Sherwood Continuous vacuum degassing and casting of steel
US4687184A (en) * 1986-07-14 1987-08-18 Insul Company, Inc. Device for introducing gas into molten metal in a wide annular stream
US5242485A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-09-07 Mannesmann Ag Process and apparatus for vacuum treatment of metals
US5762682A (en) * 1993-12-21 1998-06-09 Vacmetal Limited Method and apparatus for processing ferrous materials
US5540895A (en) * 1994-06-03 1996-07-30 Paul Wurth S.A. Device for the treatment of mixture of steam and air contaminated with sulphurous gases, formed during the granulation and dehydration of blast furnace slag
US5917115A (en) * 1997-05-15 1999-06-29 Sms Vacmetal, Gmbh Apparatus for and method of treating liquid metal

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ATA633070A (en) 1975-02-15
FR2072067A1 (en) 1971-09-24
NL7010911A (en) 1971-06-29
DE1965136C2 (en) 1974-09-19
BE745107A (en) 1970-07-01
NL160335B (en) 1979-05-15
DE1965136B1 (en) 1971-02-25
GB1291309A (en) 1972-10-04
FR2072067B1 (en) 1974-09-06
SE375795B (en) 1975-04-28
NL160335C (en) 1979-10-15
AT326168B (en) 1975-11-25

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