Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
  • D06M15/273—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having epoxy groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
  • D06M15/267—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having amino or quaternary ammonium groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
  • D06M15/29—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides containing a N-methylol group or an etherified N-methylol group; containing a N-aminomethylene group; containing a N-sulfidomethylene group

Definitions

• This invention relates to a process for treating a substrate to impart a soil-release characteristic thereto, and to products produced thereby.
• the present invention relates to a process for imparting soil release to a textile substrate.
• fiber research has been directed towards improving physical characteristics of fabric produced from synthetic fibers and/or blends of these synthetic fibers with naturally occurring fibers, and, more specifically, to the physical characteristics and/or endurance properties of garments produced from synthetic fabrics and/or fabric produced from blends of synthetic fibers and naturally occurring fibers.
• the cleaning process normally employed is washing in a conventional home washing machine by the housewife.
• a wash cycle it is virtually impossible to remove the soil and/or oily stains from the garment and, secondly, assuming that the undesirable materials are removed from the garment or a fairly clean garment is being washed, soil remaining in the wash water is redeposited onto the garment prior to the end of the wash cycle.
• soil remaining in the wash water is redeposited onto the garment prior to the end of the wash cycle.
• Such a condition, heretofore unavoidable is quite disadvantageous in that the garment after being worn never again assumes a truly clean appearance, but instead tends to gray and/or yellow due to the soil and/or oily materials deposited and remaining thereon. Further use and washing ofthe garment increases the intensity of the graying to the point that ultimately the garment is unacceptable for further wear due to its discoloration.
• the process of the present invention solves the soiling problem as hereinafter described.
• U.S. Pat. No. 2,999,774 to Schappel features the utilization of silica particles and a salt of a multivalent metal for the purpose of rendering a fabric soil-resistant.
• U.S. Pat. No. 2,734,835 to Florio et al. employs at least two hydrous table metal oxides selected from aluminum, silica, titanium, beryllium, cerium, cobalt, germanium, manganese, tin, zinc and zirconium.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,089,778 to Pierce et al. teaches the utilization of a water-insoluble basic aluminum salt having an ultimate particle size of less than 0.5 microns. US Pat. No. 2,992,943 to Coover et al.
• the Coover et al. treatment dictates the use of a water-soluble compound (an alkyl titinate and an organic solvent) and therefore to obtain the desired soil-resistant properties only a drycleaning process may be employed.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,236,685 to Caldwell et al. renders a fabric antistatic and soil-resistant by coating a fabric with a solution or solutions containing a polymeric acid defined as containing -COOI-I, -SO H and/or PO,H groups. Additionally, a compound containing a polyol or a compound having incorporated therein epoxide groups is included which under proper conditions reacts with the acid to form an ester.
• U.S. Pat. No, 3,152,920 also to Caldwell et al. is a complement of the above patent wherein, instead of reacting the polymeric acid with a polyol or an epoxide, the polymeric acid is reacted with the reaction product of a polyol and a polyisocyanate.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,125,405 to Gardon is directed to the manufacture of a permanent-press garment.
• N-methylol acrylamide is applied to the fabric with a free radical acid catalyst and the N-methylol acrylamide is cross-linked with the cellulose molecule.
• extra monomers and polymers are as set forth in the patent which may be incorporated in the treating solution.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,246,946 to Gardon likewise is directed to the production of durable-press garments.
• N- methylol acrylamide is employed in conjunction with one or more condensates of an aldehyde and a free radical acid catalyst whereby the reactants are cross-linked with the cellulose molecule. Extra monomers and polymers may be added to the treating solution.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,090,704 to Collins et al. is directed to a terpolymer for rendering the fabric soil-resistant.
• the terpolymer consists of( l) a compound having incorporated therein a cross-linking component, (2) a compound having incorporated therein an anionic component, e.g., an alkali metal salt of an aromatic sulfonic acid, and (3) a compound having a component therein that contains a strong nonionizable, nonhydratable permanent or induced dipole.
• an anionic component e.g., an alkali metal salt of an aromatic sulfonic acid
• 2,876,141 to Matthews employs a solution containing (l) mineral oil, (2) base cordage oil, (3) oleic acid, and (4) a cationic wetting agent, e.g., trimethyl-B- oleamidoethyl ammonium sulfate in an effort to improve the soil resistance of the fabric treated.
• a cationic wetting agent e.g., trimethyl-B- oleamidoethyl ammonium sulfate
• a garment is produced that has both durable-press and soilerelease properties.
• the ultimate garment is a utopia for the consumer and for the housewife who is confronted with the problem of rendering the garment clean for further wearing.
• Still another object of the present invention is to provide a process for treating a substrate whereby said substrate easily releases soil when contacted with a detergent solution.
• Still further another object of the present invention is to treat a substrate in such a manner that after said substrate is soiled and subjected to washing, less soil and grime from the wash water will be redeposited thereon.
• a further object of the present invention is to provide a durable-press fabric having soil-release properties.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for treating a fabric in such a manner that it has both durable-press and soil-release properties.
• Still another object of the present invention is to treat fabric in such a manner that after a garment produced therefrom is soiled and subjected to washing, soil and grime from the wash water will not be redeposited onto the garment.
• Still further another object of the present invention is to provide a treatment for fabric such that garments produced therefrom will not become discolored due to repeated wearing and washing.
• Another object of the present invention is to treat fabric in such a manner that a garment produced therefrom has excellent wash-and-wear and soil-release properties.
• the present invention relates to a process for treating a substrate comprising applying thereto a film-forming synthetic acid polymer and a condensation product of ethylene oxide and an alkyl phenol, said condensation product being employed in an amount equivalent to about 1 to percent by weight of the application emulsion, and effecting the formation of a film on said substrate.
• Soil removal ability is improved on an organic substrate when the acid polymer and condensation product are applied thereto.
• Suitable substrates may be prepared from paper, synthetic polymers, cotton, wool, mixtures of the above, etc.
• Products made from these materials include, without limitation, wall paper; synthetic wall coverings; textile fabric wall coverings; lamp shades; automobile seat covers; automobile upholstery, e.g., door panels, overhead liners, etc.; upholstery for furniture; clothing; apparel accessories, e.g., ties, fabric belts, scarves, hats, etc.; canvas products, e.g., tents, folding cots, etc.; draperies; throw pillows; hassocks; sporting goods; fabric garment bags and luggage; fabric handbags; fabric shoes or shoes made from synthetic materials; linens; book covers; mattress covers; stuffed toys; hammocks; deck chairs, etc.
• Textile materials are preferred substrates and those which can be treated according to the process of the invention are those in which the anhydroglucose molecules are chemically substantially unmodified.
• the term textile material thus comprises fibers within the above definition, e.g., cotton, paper, linen, jute, flax, regenerated cellulose fibers, including viscose rayon, in the form of staple, yarn and fabrics.
• This invention is directed primarily and preferably to cellulosic containing textile fabrics either knitted, woven, or nonwoven, preferably woven.
• the advantages of this invention can be achieved by treating the fibers, yarns, or threads employed to produce these fabrics.
• the process of the present invention is preferably used for treating textile materials containing both cellulosic and noncellulosic fibers, especially, if the noncellulosic fibers have minimum care characteristics of their own.
• the fabrics treated may be formed from a mixture of polyester, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyamide such as poly(hexamethylene adipamide) or acrylic fibers, such as polyacrylonitrile, and copolymers containing at least about percent combined acrylonitrile filaments or fibers, with cotton or rayon.
• polyester such as poly(ethylene terephthalate)
• polyamide such as poly(hexamethylene adipamide)
• acrylic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile
• copolymers containing at least about percent combined acrylonitrile filaments or fibers, with cotton or rayon are also within the scope of the present invention.
• the soil-release properties of pure cellulosic fiber fabrics are much better than those of synthetic-fiber-containing fabrics, e.g., polyester fibers, in that, the synthetic polyester fibers are hydrophobic and thus prevent the ingress of water that is necessary for cleaning the fabric and also possess an electrical charge that attracts soil particles.
• the present invention is therefore most primarily directed to fabrics containing a substantial portion of synthetic fibers, but is not limited thereto. Instead, it has been determined that the present process can be very successfully employed with cellulosic fabrics, fabrics containing synthetic fibers and cellulosic fibers, and fabrics containing only synthetic fibers.
• an aminoplast textile resin will also be applied with the acid polymer.
• the textile resin, the acid polymer and ethoxylated alkyl phenol are applied to the textile material followed by subjecting the material to textile resin curing conditions improved soil release is realized.
• the present invention is also directed to a process for treating a textile material comprising applying thereto an aminoplast textile resin, a textile resin catalyst, a film-forming synthetic acid polymer and a condensation product of ethylene oxide and an alkyl phenol, said condensation product being present in the amount of about 1 to 10 percent by weight of the application emulsion, and said acid polymer comprising at least 10 weight percent acid calculated as acrylic acid; and effecting the formation of a film around the fibers making up the textile material and curing of the textile resin.
• textile resin includes both monomers and polymers which when applied to a textile material and reacted under proper conditions undergo polymerization and/0r condensation and are transformed to the thermoset state.
• Textile resins that may be em-- ployed when practicing the present invention are the aminoplast resins. These nitrogen-containing resins when applied to a textile material in the presence of a catalyst at temperatures of from C. to about 200 C. are transformed into the thermoset state.
• the aminoplast resin condenses with the cellulose molecules and when vinyl groups are present in the aminoplast resin, it undergoes addition polymerization with itself and also with the cellulose molecule if irradiated.
• the cured textile resin on the textile material affords the textile material a durable-press and/or wrinkle-resistant characteristic.
• aminoplast resins that may be employed according to the present invention are the urea formaldehydes, e.g., propylene urea formaldehyde, dimethylol urea formaldehyde, etc.; melamine formaldehydes, e.g., tetramethylol melamines, pentamethylol melamines, etc.; ethylene ureas, e.g., dimenthylol ethylene urea, dihydroxy dimethylol ethylene urea, ethylene urea formaldehyde, hydroxy ethylene urea formaldehyde, etc., carbamates, e.g., alkyl carbamate formaldehydes, etc.; formaldehyde-acrolein condensation products; formaldehyde-acetone condensation products; alkylol amides, e.g., methylol formamide, methylol acetamide, etc.; acrylamides
• R hydrogen, lower alkyl or residue of saturated or unsaturated aldehyde
• R hydrogen, lower alkyl or CXCR
• R hydrogen or methyl
• R hydrogen or lower alkyl
• R hydrogen, lower alkyl, or CHROR at least one R being CHROR, at least one R being CHROR
• R hydrogen, hydroxyl or lower alkyl
• R hydrogen, lower alkyl, alkylol or alkenol X sulfur or oxygen CHR
• the amount of textile resin applied to the fabric is primarily determined by the ultimate use of garments or articles prepared from the fabric. Very small amounts of the resin will afford some improvement and large amounts even greater improvements, but the larger amounts of resin generally adversely affect the hand of the fabric.
• the amount of resin employed is preferably that which will afford good crease retention and flat dry properties while not adversely affecting the hand.
• the amount of textile resin in the pad bath may vary between about 2 and 30 percent.
• Resin applied to the fabric should be in the range of about 2 to 20 percent based on the dry weight of the fabric and preferably in the range of about 4 to 9 percent.
• Catalysts employed within the scope of the present invention depend upon the specific textile resin that is applied to the textile material. For instance, if the textile resin has a functional group that is reactive under acidic conditions, then an acid catalyst is used. Likewise, when a functional group is present that is reactive under alkaline conditions, then a base catalyst is used. Furthermore, both acid and base catalysts may be used when both type functional groups are present in the textile resin. In this instance, the catalysts may be added separately or together. When they are added together, one must be a latent catalyst, i.e., one that will not initiate its reaction during the opposite type reaction, but may be activated subsequently under proper catalytic conditions.
• the catalysts useful in activating the acid or base reactive groups are those conventionally used to activate the reaction of textile resins containing the same group for reaction with hydroxy groups of cellulose.
• latent acid or base acting catalysts are utilized, that is, compounds which are acidic or basic in character under the curing conditions.
• the most common acid-acting catalysts are the metal salts, for example, magnesium chloride, zinc nitrate and zinc fluoroborate and the amino salts, for example, monoethanolamine hydrochloride and 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol nitrate.
• the base-acting catalyst preferably is a compound which does not initiate substantial reaction between the base-reactive group and hydroxy groups of cellulose under normal acid conditions, but does initiate substantial reaction under prescribed conditions, such as elevated temperature or some other activating means, as through use of another chemical compound.
• an alkali metal sulfite can be padded onto the fabric and be decomposed into strongly basic alkali metal hydroxide by including small amounts of formaldehyde in the steam used for curing.
• the latent base-acting catalyst utilized herein preferably comprises alkali-metal salts, such as alkali-metal carbonates like sodium carbonate, which is neutral to mildly alkaline, for example, pH of about 8.5 on the fabric but decomposes at temperatures in excess of about C. to form the stronger base sodium oxide which will initiate substantial reaction at the elevated temperatures utilized during curing.
• alkali-metal salts such as alkali-metal carbonates like sodium carbonate, which is neutral to mildly alkaline, for example, pH of about 8.5 on the fabric but decomposes at temperatures in excess of about C. to form the stronger base sodium oxide which will initiate substantial reaction at the elevated temperatures utilized during curing.
• Sodium carbonate may be utilized if desired since the pH in the fabric produced by this compound in normal conditions is generally insufficient to imitate the desired degree of reaction under normal temperature conditions.
• Additional base-acting catalysts include potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium silicate, alkali metal phosphates, such as sodium or potassium phosphates, barium carbonate, quaternary ammonium hydroxides and carbonates, for example, lauryl trimethyl ammonium hydroxides and carbonates and the like.
• the amount of catalyst to be utilized is that conventionally used in activating the reaction between textile resins and hydroxy groups of cellulose, for example, up to about percent by weight of an acid-acting catalyst in the application bath with the preferred range being from about 1 percent to about 7 percent.
• a preferred range for the base-acting catalyst is again the conventional amount and is generally between about 0.2 percent to about l6 percent, preferably about 2 to 16 percent.
• the amount of catalyst to be utilized will further depend in part on the temperature at which the reaction is conducted and the amount of catalyst consumed in the reaction. For example, when base catalysts are utilized and if a highly acidic group is released during the reaction, the amount of base applied to the textile material should be at least sufficient to provide an excess of base in addition to that which is consumed by the highly acidic group.
• soil release in accordance with the present invention refers to the ability of the fabric to be washed or otherwise treated to remove soil and/or oily materials that have come into contact with said material.
• the present invention does not per se prevent the attachment of soil or oily materials to the fabric, but hinders such attachment and renders the heretofore uncleanable fabric now susceptible to a successful cleaning operation. While the theory is still somewhat of a mystery, soiled, treated fabric when immersed in the detergent containing wash water experiences an agglomeration of the oil at the fabric surface. This water is basic in nature and it has been determined that soil release is best realized in wash water that is basic in nature. These globules of oil are then removed from the fabric and rise to the surface of the wash water.
• An added feature of the present invention is the prevention of soil redeposition from the wash water.
• One of the greatest disadvantages of the synthetic polymers is the feature that even after removing the soil by washing, there is the continued danger that the soil will be redeposited onto the fibers from the wash water before the garment is removed therefrom. It has been observed that the soil-release ability of the presently treated fabric diminishes after repeated washings. Even after the ability to remove soil from the fabric has diminished, however, the observation has been made that the prevention of redeposition of soil from wash water remains potent. This phenomenon likewise is unexplainable, but it has been established that the troublesome soil is negatively charged and presumably there remains enough acid on the fabric to repel the negatively charged soil.
• substrates that may be treated according to the process of the present invention may not be feasibly removed from their environment and washed in a washing machine. Further, there are also substrates that may be treated which when subjected to the action of a washing machine are adversely affected either in structure or in looks. Articles within those classes may still be easily cleaned in place or otherwise by scrubbing the soiled area lightly with a solution of a commercial detergent and water.
• the soil-release polymer of the present invention will also be hereinafter referred to as an acid polymer.”
• This acid polymer may be selected from a large number of synthetically produced compounds provided certain limitations are met.
• the acid polymer employed must be capable of forming a film around the fibers that constitute the textile material. softness of the film is important, for if the film is too hard, the hand of the textile material is adversely affected. Further the film must have hydrophilic properties and be at least partially insoluble in water. The film, if water-soluble, would, of course, be easily washed from the fabric.
• the polymer from which the film is formed may, however, be water-soluble if applied with a textile resin, for during the curing process, the polymer if watersoluble, is transformed to a water-insoluble film.
• the acid polymer when applied to a substrate without a textile resin, it may likewise be water-soluble if the substrate is such that the soil removal is only required once.
• Acid content of the film is likewise important and at least 10 weight percent of the acid polymer from which the film is formed must be acid-calculated as acrylic acid and preferably at least 20 weight percent. The results obtained from using acid polymers containing 10 weight percent acid give improved results as may be seen from Table Ill.
• Table III it has further been observed that all of the acid polymers that afford soil release have a carbon atom to acid group ratio in the repeat group in the range of 2:1 to 30:1, and that an air-dried film cast therefrom has a water of imbibition of at least 89 percent.
• synthetically produced acid polymers within the scope of the present invention may be prepared from any of the polymerizable organic acids, i.e., those having reactive points of unsaturation. These polymers may be homopolymers of the acids, or interpolymers of the acid and other monomers copolymerizable therewith so long as at least 10 weight percent acid monomer is present in the polymer.
• Exemplary of polymerizable acids that may be used are acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, cinnamic acid, polymerizable sulfonic acids, polymerizable phosphoric acids, etc.
• Monomers that may be interpolymerized with the acids include any monomers capable of copolymerizing with the acids and which will not detrimentally affect the film-forming properties of the polymer.
• Suitable monomers include, esters of the above acids prepared by reacting the particular acid with an alkyl alcohol, e.g., ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, Z-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, etc.; alkyl fumarates, maleates, crotonates, cinnamates, etc.; vinyl halides; monomers having vinylidene groups; e.g., styrene, acrylonitrile, methylstyrene; substituted vinyl monomers, e.g., chlorostyrene; butadiene, etc.
• Examples of some of the synthetic acid polymers that may be used according to the present invention are polymerization products of:
• Examples of the preferred acid polymers includes l) copolymers of ethyl acrylate and acrylic acid that are prepared by polymerizing a comonomer mixture of from about 50 to 80 parts of ethyl acrylate and about 20 to 50 parts of acrylic acid; (2) copolymers of propyl or isopropyl acrylate and acrylic acid wherein the copolymers are prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture of from about 40 to 57 parts propyl or isopropyl acrylate and about 43 to 60 parts of acrylic acid; (3) copolymers of butyl acrylate and acrylic acid prepared by polymerizing a comonomer mixture of from about 30 to 70 parts of butyl acrylate and about 70 to 30 parts of acrylic acid; (4) copolymers of 2-ethyl-hexylacrylate and acrylic acid prepared by polymerizing a comonomer mixture of from about 10 to 40 parts of 2-ethyl hexylacrylate and acrylic acid prepared by polymerizing a
• the acid polymers suitable for use in practicing the present invention form a hydrophilic film upon drying and afford soil release ability at that point.
• further treatments and/or ingredients will enhance the soil-release ability of the substrate.
• the substrate having the acid polymer thereon is subjected to textile resin curing conditions, the durability of the soil-release ability is enhanced.
• the presence of a textile resin catalyst during the textile resin curing conditions further improves soil-release ability.
• the soil-release finish is much more lasting on a substrate when the acid polymer is subjected to textile resin curing conditions in the presence of an aminoplast textile resin. It is known that the film covers the hydrophobic synthetic fiber contents of the textile material without any reaction therewith.
• Soil-release polymers like the textile resins, give some improvement at very low levels on the fabric. Accordingly, as the amount of soil-release polymer is increased, the ability of the fabric to release soil increases. Thus, the upper limit on the amount of soil-release polymer is determined by economics and resulting adverse effects on the fabric, e.g., the hand of the fabric. Furthermore, practically speaking there is a set range of soil-release polymer indicated by commercial success.
• the acid polymers are emulsion polymers containing varying amounts of solids, normally in the range of about to 50 weight percent.
• the polymer emulsion should be present in the pad bath or other application medium in the range of about 2.5 to weight percent. Otherwise stated, there should be from about 0.25 to 5.0 weight percent of acid m. polymer solids applied to the substrate, based on dry weight, and preferably 1.0 to 1.5 weight percent.
• condensation products act synergistically with the acid polymers and simultaneously therewith assist in stabilizing the pad bath emulsion. While normally these condensation products are employed as surfactants, they are employed here in greater proportions, and all surfactants do not add to the soil-release ability. It has been discovered that only a very limited number of surfactants add to the soil-release ability and these are certain of the condensation products of ethylene oxide and an alkyl phenol.
• alkyl phenol condensates that add to the soil-release characteristics are those where the alkyl group contains from three to 14 carbon atoms. Additionally, there should be at least 3 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol and preferably at least 8 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
• Suitable condensates that act synergistically with the acid polymer are reaction products of the following: 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of propyl phenol; 8.0 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyl phenol; 7.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of hexyl phenol; 9.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyl phenol; 10.0 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of docecyl phenol; 5.0 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of heptyl phenol; 6.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of butyl phenol; 4.0 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of isopropyl phenol; 6.0 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of 2-ethyl hexyl phenol; 9.0 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyl phenol; 5.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of octyl phenol; 7.0 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of
• the pad bath solution should contain at least one percent of the ethylene oxide, alkyl phenol condensate.
• the soil-release ability of the treated textile material improves directly with the amount of condensate in the pad bath. Practically speaking, however, the upper limit on the amount of condensate to be added to the pad bath is determined by the hand of the textile material. Around 10 weight percent, the material becomes very sticky. Preferably, therefore, the amount of condensate product added to the pad bath ranges from about 1 to 10 weight percent and most preferably from about 1.5 to 3 weight percent.
• the solution used to impregnate the textile material according to the present invention is not limited to including only the possible ingredients heretofore mentioned, e.g., textile resin, textile resin catalyst acid polymer and ethoxylated alkylphenol.
• other ingredients may be employed such as, for example, softeners, etc., and numerous other compounds that enhance the physical characteristics of the fabric.
• the solution may be applied to the substrate in any suitable manner. For instance, padding of the solution onto fabric is preferred because of ease of operation at that particular stage of the development.
• the ingredients may be sprayed on as liquids; the substrate may be treated with vapors of the compounds if convenient; the substrate may be dipped, etc.
• the applicator system is adjusted to provide from 30 to weight percent wet pickup by the fabric from the pad bath.
• the aminoplast textile resin When the aminoplast textile resin is applied to the substrate, e.g., textile material, along with the acid polymer and ethoxylated alkyl phenol they may be simultaneously applied from the same pad bath. Simultaneous application is not required though and the same results may be realized by first applying the soil-release polymer and ethoxylated alkyl phenol followed by separate application of the textile resin and curing of the textile resin.
• the ethoxylated alkyl phenol and the soilrelease polymer may be employed.
• the ethoxylated alkyl phenol and the soilrelease polymer may be employed.
• the desirable property might possibly be to have a very superior initial soil-release property.
• upholstery for automobiles, seat covers, wall coverings, etc. it may be more desirable to first apply the textile resin and separately after curing of the textile resin apply the soilrelease polymer and ethoxylated alkyl phenol or just apply the soil-release polymer, etc., as described herein, if a textile resin is not desired. It must be emphasized, however, that under such conditions the soil-release properties are less durable than those attained by the aforesaid simultaneous means of application.
• Garments made from the fabrics treated according to the process of the present invention require no additional steps than normal for the preparation of the conventional durablepress garments.
• the garment may be folded and pressed on conventional equipment, for example, a Hoffman press.
• the pressing cycle utilized is standard in the industry and generally involves pressing of the garment for a short period of time, followed by a curing operation in an oven.
• the garment may be set in a desired configuration under hot, dry conditions, such as by hot pressing without steaming, for example, at temperatures of up to about 200 C. for as long as necessary to cure the resin.
• the textile resin when employed may be selected from several general types. According to the type resin selected, one of the following processes may be generally followed to achieve the novel garments produced by the present invention. in each type procedure, the methods of application and order of application of textile resin soil-release polymer, ethoxylated alkyl phenol, catalysts, etc., may be varied as described supra.
• TYPEI 1. Apply textile resin having one type functional groups, textile resin catalyst, soil-release polymer and ethoxylated alkyl phenol to fabric.
• TYPE ll 1. Apply textile resin having more than one type of functional groups, textile resin catalysts for each type functional group, soil-release polymer and ethoxylated alkyl phenol to fabric.
• TYPE Ill 1 Apply textile resin having more than one type of functional groups, one type being sites of ethylenic unsaturation, a textile resin catalyst, a soil-release polymer and an ethoxylated alkyl phenol to the fabric.
• the ultimate curing of the textile resin may be accomplished prior to the manufacture of the garment whereby a good wash-and-wear fabric having soil-release properties is produced.
• Procedures of Types 1, ll and III relate to the process of the present invention being applied to a textile material to afford said textile material soil-release and durable-press or wash-and-wear characteristics. Otherwise than above shown, the acid polymer, textile resin catalyst, ethoxylated alkyl phenol, etc., are just applied to the desired substrate and dried, subjected to textile resin curing conditions, etc., according to the specifications described herein.
• the drying temperatures that are insufficient to initiate the catalysis are, of course, dependent upon the particular catalyst being employed. in general, however, the drying step is conducted at a rate of approximately 10 to 70 yards per minute at temperatures ranging from about 225 to 300 F. preferably in a tenter frame.
• the drying temperature range overlaps to some degree with the curing temperature range set forth below. When drying in the overlapping portion of the drying and curing ranges, it is important that there be no premature curing of the textile resin. Time is the prime variable and when drying the substrate in the higher end of the drying temperature range, care must be taken to avoid heating the substrate for a time sufficient to initiate catalysis that would at least partially cure the textile resin.
• Irradiation techniques may be employed according to the process of the present invention when an aminoplast resin having ethylenic unsaturation is applied to the textile material.
• An insulating core transformer operated at a potential varying between 100,000 electron volts and 500,000 electron volts may be successfully used to irradiate the textile material.
• Such a transformer is commercially available from High Voltage Engineering Corporation, Burlington, Mass.
• the amount of ionizing irradiation necessary according to the present invention is at least 32 electron volts for each ion pair formed. Thus irradiation of 32 volts and above is effective. Both high energy particle and ionizing irradiation are useful according to the present invention.
• the preferred dosage of irradiation according to the present invention is in the range of 1000 rads to megarads, a rad being the amount of high energy irradiation of the type which results in energy absorption of 100 ergs per gram of absorbing material. More preferably, however, the irradiation dosage ranges from 0.5 to 5 megarads.
• Curing of the textile resin is accomplished by subjecting the textile material having the textile resin thereon to conditions such that the catalyst initiates a cross-linking reaction between functional groups of the resin and hydroxyl groups of the cellulose in the textile material and converts the resin to the therlnnvvv In moset state.
• the catalyst initiates a cross-linking reaction between functional groups of the resin and hydroxyl groups of the cellulose in the textile material and converts the resin to the therlnnvvv In moset state.
• the resin adheres to the material and is converted to a thermoset state.
• Temperature is the prime mover and generally a temperature in the range of 130 C. to about 200 C. is sufficient.
• the curing medium that supports the necessary temperature may be any substance that is inert to both the fabric and the ingredients applied thereto, e.g., hot air, steam, etc.
• the textile resin possesses two different types of functional groups
• there are actually two curing steps the first being conducted at a temperature lower than the second and insufficient to initiate the second type of catalysis, e.g a first partial curing step to initiate alkaline catalysis and a subsequent curing step to initiate acid catalysis and also convert the resin to the thermoset state.
• the duration of the various processing steps varies diversely with the particular ingredients employed. In each situation, however, the treatment time is that necessary to sufficiently cause reaction of and/or curing ofthe textile resin.
• Dacron T54 A polyester fiber manufactured by E l.
• Dacron T56 A polyester fiber manufactured by E. l.
• the above composition was padded onto samples of Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric to 50 percent wet pickup and the fabric dried on a tenter frame at 13 yards per minute at a temperature of 250 to 280 F. Moisture content of the dried fabric tested 5 percent. The dried fabric was then subjected to irradiation in an insulated core transformer manufactured by the High Voltage Engineering Corporation of Burlington, Mass.
• Fabric was passed through the irradiation equipment at 40 yards per minute at a setting on the transformer of 500 kilovolts and 15 milliamps, the fabric being arranged in a 5- pass festoon during irradiation to produce a dosage of 2 megarads.
• Several pairs of mens slacks were then prepared from the treated fabric and pressed on a Hoffman press in the conventional manner and then pressed on a hot-head press at a cycle of 5 seconds stream, 10 seconds bake and 5 seconds vacuum.
• the pressed slacks were then suspended from a continuously moving conveyor in an oven and cured for 15 minutes at 325 F. After several washings, the pressed slacks retained all creases unimpaired.
• Example 2 The procedure followed in Example I was repeated with the exception that percent cotton fabric was treated rather than the 65/35 Dacron/cotton. After curing and repeated washing, the creases in the cotton slacks remained as originally pressed into the garments.
• Example 1 was again repeated with the exception that a 100 percent Dacron fabric was treated. Again, after repeated washings, creases in the slacks remained unimpaired.
• EXAMPLE 4 The following pad bath was prepared: 25 percent dihydroxy dimethylol ethylene urea; 4.3 percent magnesium chloride (MgC1 '6 O); 3 percent Syn-Soft A-20; 0.2 percent Triton X-200; and 68.5 percent water.
• the above emulsion was padded onto a Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric at 50 percent pickup and the fabric was dried at a temperature ranging from 250 to 275 F. on a tenter frame. Moisture content of the dried fabric tested 5.6 percent. Mens slacks were prepared from the treated Dacron/cotton fabric and subjected to the identical pressing and curing condition set forth in Example 1. Creases in the slacks remained unimpaired after several washes.
• Example 4 was repeated with the exception that a 100 percent cotton fabric was treated instead of the 65/35 Dacron/cotton. After repeated washings, the creases in the slacks remained unimpaired.
• Example 4 was again repeated, but a 100 percent Dacron fabric was treat in lieu of the Dacron/cotton blend. Creases produced during the pressing cycle of the procedure were very durable to repeated washings.
• EXAMPLE 7 Samples of Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric were treated with a pad bath emulsion of the following formulation: 20 percent N-methylol acrylamide (50 percent aqueous solution); 10 percent emulsion copolymer of ethyl acrylate:acrylic acid (70:30); 5 percent magnesium chloride catalyst; and 65 percent water.
• a pad bath solution prepared according to the above recipe was padded onto the Dacron/cotton fabric at 50 percent pickup and the fabric dried at temperatures ranging from 200 to 280 F. to achieve a fabric moisture content of approximately 5 percent.
• EXAMPLE 9 Slacks were made from 100 percent Dacron that was treated according to the procedures described in Example 8. After repeated washings the creases in the slacks were virtually as sharp as when they were originally produced in the garment before curing in the oven.
• a pad bath solution was prepared according to the following formulation: 24 percent dihydroxy dimethylol ethylene urea (50 percent aqueous solution); 10 percent copolymer of 25 ethyl acrylate acrylic acid (70:30); 5 percent zinc nitrate (Zn(NO '6H O); 6 percent Profine; 0.2 percent Triton X- 202; and 54.8 percent water.
• the pad bath solution according to the above recipe was padded onto Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric at 50 percent pickup. The fabric was then dried at temperatures ranging from 245 to 280 F. on a tenter frame.
• EXAMPLE l l Cotton fabric was substituted for the Dacron/cotton fabric in Example 10 and the procedures thereof were repeated. Creases in the slacks were unaffected by the repeated washings.
• a pad bath solution was prepared according to the following recipe: 10 percent copolymer of ethyl acrylate2acrylic acid :30); 5 percent zinc nitrate (Zn( NO '6H O); and percent water.
• the above emulsion was padded onto Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric at 50 percent pickup and the fabric dried at a temperature ranging from 250 to 275 F. Men's slacks were prepared from the treated fabric and pressed and cured as per the procedures defined in Example I.
• EXAMPLE 14 Example 13 was repeated except that l00 percent cotton fabric was used in place of the Dacron/cotton fabric.
• Example 13 was repeated except that 100 percent Dacron was treated in lieu of the Dacron/cotton fabric.
• EXAMPLE 16 A pad bath according to the following formulation was prepared: 10 percent copolymer of ethyl acrylatezacrylic acid (70:30); and percent water. Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric was padded with 50 percent pickup of the above emulsion, and dried at a temperature of 250 to 275 F. The fabric was then used to make several pairs of mens slacks, which were processed according to Example I.
• Example 16 was repeated except that a percent cotton fabric was treated in lieu of the Dacron/cotton fabric.
• Example 16 was repeated, but using a 100 percent Dacron fabric.
• EXAMPLE 19 Two sets of slacks were taken from each of the groups treated as described in Examples l-18. In each case, the slacks were identified by the number of the example, and further identified by suffixes A and B. Slacks in Group A were stained with a No. 6 crude oil and subjected to one home washing in a Kenmore automatic washer, using one cup of Tide, a commercial detergent, and a water temperature of F. The slacks in Group B were first washed five times under wash conditions identical to those for Group A. The Group B slacks, after the fifth wash were then stained with a N0. 6 crude oil and subjected to one further wash under the same wash conditions as set forth above. After each wash.
• the slacks were dried in a Kenmore dryer at a temperature of from about to F. for approximately 40 minutes. After the designated number of washings, the residual oil stains in the slacks were compared to a set of standards having numerical ratings from 1.0 to 5.0, L0 being very poor and 50 representing virtually complete removal of the stain. Ratings for the tested slacks are set forth below in Table l and are indicative TABLE I [Soil release data for cotton, demon/cotton and dacron fabrics] Fabric Treatment Control Dacron/cotton (65/36) 1. 5 1. 7 Cotton N 1.8 1. 9 Dacron 1. 0 1. 0 DHDMEU.-. 1.5 1.7
• Controls for the various fabrics are also included and represent slacks made from the fabric that was untreated; and the slacks were just pressed as per normal procedures.
• Test washes for obtaining soil-release data were conducted using the commercial detergent Tide, marketed by Proctor and Gamble. This particular detergent does not however, contribute specifically to the soil-release ability. Numerous of the commercial detergents were rated against one commercial detergent as a standard. There was only a slight difference in these detergents noted, so one cup full of any of them should perform satisfactorily.
• EXAMPLE 20 To evaluate the breadth of the present invention regarding the fabrics which may be improved as to soil release, a number of fabrics were soiled with a No. 6 crude oil, washed one time in a Kenmore automatic washer with one cup ofTide at a wash water temperature of 140 F. The fabric was then dried for approximately 40 minutes at a temperature of from about 150 to about 165 F. and rated against the soil-release standards referred to above. Samples of the same fabrics were padded with an emulsion containing 12 percent dihydroxy dimethylol ethylene urea; percent copolymer of ethyl acrylatezacrylic acid (70:30); 5 percent zinc nitrate (Zn(NO -6H O); and 73 percent water.
• EXAMPLE 2 A series of copolymers of ethyl acrylate and acrylic acid were prepared having varied proportions of acrylate and acid. Each of these polymers was then divided into two parts, A and B. Part A of each polymer was padded onto Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric and the other part used to make films. The pad baths containing the various ethyl acrylate acrylic acid polymers had the following formulation: 10% ethyl acrylate acrylic acid polymer; and 90 percent water.
• pad baths were prepared containing the following ingredients: 18 percent N-methylol acrylamide; 10 percent ethyl acrylatezacrylic acid polymer; 4 percent zinc nitrate; and 68 percent water.
• the ethyl acrylatezacrylic acid polymer composition varied in the pad baths prepared as identified in Table III. After padding the emulsion onto Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric the fabric was dried at temperatures ranging from 250 to 275 F subjected to an irradiation dosage of 3 megarads and cured for 30 minutes at 130 C. The fabric was then stained, washed and rated identically to the above fabric where only the soil-release polymer was applied. Data is reported in Table 111.
• EXAMPLE 22 A series of polymers were padded onto a Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric in the following pad bath formulation: 16 percent N-methylol acrylamide; 10 percent polymer; 4 percent zinc nitrate catalyst; and 70 percent water. The various formulations were padded onto the fabric and the fabric was dried, irradiated, cured, stained, washed and rated as previously described. The specific polymers employed in the pad bath formulation and the soil release data are reported in Table IV.
• EXAMPLE 24 A sample of Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric was padded with a pad bath emulsion comprising 18 percent N-methylol acrylamide (60 percent aqueous solution); 10 percent copolymer of ethyl acrylatezacrylic acid (70:30); 4.3 percent zinc nitrate (50 percent solution of Zn(N0 '6l-l O); 2 percent Syn-Fac N-905 and 4 percent Profine at 50 percent pickup. The fabric was then dried on a tenter frame at 13 yards per minute at temperatures ranging from 240 to 270 F.; subjected to irradiation by the method described in Example l and cured by the procedures prescribed in Example 1.
• EXAMPLE 25 baths included aqueous emulsions of the materials set forth in Table Vll. In cases where drying. irradiation and/or curing are indicated. procedures were followed as set forth in Example 1. Three sets of samples were prepared in each instance. one of which was stained with No. 6 crude oil and washed as described supra, one of which was washed five times. stained and washed once more and the third of which was washed 10 times, stained and given a further wash. These data provide comparison of the normal soil-release compositions with those that include the ethoxylated alkyl phenol. SynFac N-905. These data, of course. further provide good readings on both initial soil release ability and durability of the soil-release finish. After the final wash, each of the samples was compared to the soil-release rating standards and given a numerical rating of 1.0 to 5.0, 5.0 being complete removal ofthe stain. Data are recorded in Table Vll.
• No'rE.B 1ET ⁇ N-inothylol ncrylaniitlv (60% solution): 31:4.39 ⁇ .
• zinc nitnitc ZlltNOflyl lLgOl, 1 10? copolymer of ethyl ncrylutezacrylic acid 60:30) emulsion
• G 13? Syn-Fae 51-1105; 133 dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea.
• EXAMPLE 26 The following pad bath formulation was prepared and padded onto Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric at percent wet pickup: 24 percent dihydroxy dimethylol ethylene urea (50 percent aqueous solution); 10 percent copolymer of ethyl acrylatezacrylic acid (70:30) 25 percent aqueous emulsion); 4.3 percent zinc nitrate catalyst; 4.0 percent Profine; 2.3 percent various ethylene oxide-alkyl phenol condensates as set forth in Table Vlll; 55.4 percent water.
• the shirts were then labeled A (formulation A) and B (formulation B) and subjected to five home washings in a Kenmore automatic washer using one cup of Tide and wash water of I40 F. Prior to placing shirts A and B in the same washer, a quantity of oil and dirt was put into the water. After the five washes. the shirts were tested in a Hunter color meter manufactured by Hunter Associates Laboratory, lnc.. 542i Briar Ridge Road, McLean. Va., to determine the comparative soil pickup by the shirts in the washer.
• the Hunter instrument employs a polychromatic light source and a matched set of barrier-layer photoelectric cells. One photoelectric cell is illuminated directly by the light source while the other photoelectric cell is illuminated by light reflected from a fabric sample. Measurements are made of the degree of unbalance existing between the photoelectric cells, from the current generated by the photoelectric cell receiving direct illumination and the current generated by the photoelectric cell receiving fabric-reflected illumination. Values may be read from digital dials on the device of three [Soil release data for formulations containing ethylene oxide-alkyl phenol condensates] Soil release rating 5 washes,
• Ethylene oxide-alkyl phenol condensate wash wash 1 6.0 moles ethylene oxide/mole .Z-ethyl hexyl phenoL. 4. 1 3.6 2 7.5 moles ethylene oxide/mole huxyl phenol 4. 2 3. 6 3 14.0 moles ethylene oxide/mole nonyl phenol... 4, 4 4 5.0 moles ethylene oxide/mole heptyl phenol. 3. 0 3 5 12.0 moles ethylene oxide/mole nonyl phenol -- 4. 3 8 6 11.0 moles ethylene oxide/mole tetradecyl phenoL. 4. l 5 7 30.0 moles ethylene oxide/mole nonyl-phenol.... 4. 0 8 20.0 moles ethylene oxide/mole octyl phenoL 4 0 Control. None 3. 8 .5. b
• EXAMPLE 28 A pad bath formulation was prepared to include 10 weight percent of a copolymer of ethyl acrylateiacrylic acid (70:30) 4 weight percent zinc nitrate catalyst and 86 weight percent water. This formulation was padded onto a Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric, the fabric dried at 325 F. for 15 minutes.
• a copolymer of ethyl acrylateiacrylic acid 70:30
• zinc nitrate catalyst 86 weight percent water.
• This formulation was padded onto a Dacron/cotton (65/35) fabric, the fabric dried at 325 F. for 15 minutes.
• a process for imparting soil-release and durable-press characteristics to a textile material comprising applying thereto an aminoplast textile resin, a textile resin catalyst, a synthetic acid copolymer comprising at least 20 percent acid calculated as acrylic acid and about I to l0 percent based on the weight of the above components of an ethoxylated alkyl phenol, said ethoxylated alkyl phenol having at least three repeating ethoxy groups in the side chain and about three to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and curing the textile resin; the proportion of acid polymer solids on said textile material being from about 0.25 to about 5.0 weight percent based on the dry weight of the textile material.
• the textile material comprises a blend of cellulosic and polyester fibers
• the textile resin is N-methylol acrylamide or dihydroxy dimethylol ethylene urea
• the acid copolymer is prepared by emulsion polymerizing a monomeric mixture comprising an acrylic ester and an acrylic acid
• the textile material is heated to a temperature in the range of about to 200 C. for about I to 30 minutes to cure the aminoplast resin thereon.
• a process for imparting soil-release and durable-press characteristics to a polyester/cellulosic textile material which comprises applying thereto an aqueous dispersion comprising (a) about 2 to 30 percent of an aminoplast textile resin, (b) about 2.5 to 40 percent of a synthetic acid copolymer which is stable under the conditions of application, said copolymer being prepared by emulsion polymerizing a monomeric mixture comprising an acrylic ester and an acrylic acid, (c) up to 15 percent of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of zinc nitrate and magnesium chloride and (d) about i to l0 percent of an ethoxylated alkyl phenol having at least three repeating ethoxy groups in the side chain and about three to l4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and heating said textile material at a temperature in the range of about 130 to 200 C. for about 1 to 30 minutes to cure the aminoplast resin thereon; the proportion of acid copolymer solids on said textile material being from about 0.25 to about 5.0
• a process for imparting textile and durable-press characteristics to a polyethylene terephthalate/cotton (65/35) textile material which comprises:
• an aqueous dispersion consisting essentially of about 2 to 30 percent of an aqueous solution comprising N-mcthylol acrylamide or dihydroxy dimethylol ethylene urea, about 1 to 15 percent of an aqueous solution of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of zinc nitrate and magnesium chloride, about 2.5 to 40 percent of an aqueous emulsion of a synthetic acid copolymer prepared by polymerizing a monomeric mixture comprising an acrylic ester and at least 20 weight percent of an acrylic acid, about 1 to 10 percent of an ethoxylated alkyl phenol having at least three repeating ethoxy groups in the side chain and about three to l4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and water; said aqueous dispersion being applied to the textile material in the range of 30 to 70 weight percent of the textile material; the proportion of acid copolymer solids on said textile material being from about 0.25 to about 5.0 weight percent based on the dry weight
• a process for imparting soil-release and durable-press characteristics to a textile material comprising linear polyester and cellulosic fibers which comprises applying thereto N- methylol acrylamide, an acid textile resin catalyst, about 1 to percent of an ethoxylated alkyl phenol having at least three repeating ethoxy groups in the side chain and about three to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and a synthetic acid emulsion copolymer which is stable under the conditions of application, subjecting said textile material to high-energy irradiation to effect addition polymerization of the vinyl group of said N-methylol acrylamide with itself and with the cellulose, and heating said textile material to react the methylol group of said N-methylol acrylamide with the hydroxy groups of the cellulose under the influence of said acid catalyst; said acid emulsion copolymer comprising at least 20 weight percent IDIOT! mm

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