US3643026A - Retransmitting apparatus for converting interrupted telegraphic modulated signals into telegraphic signals without interruptions - Google Patents

Retransmitting apparatus for converting interrupted telegraphic modulated signals into telegraphic signals without interruptions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3643026A
US3643026A US887502A US88750269A US3643026A US 3643026 A US3643026 A US 3643026A US 887502 A US887502 A US 887502A US 88750269 A US88750269 A US 88750269A US 3643026 A US3643026 A US 3643026A
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United States
Prior art keywords
transistor
circuit
holding circuit
interrupted
polarity
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Expired - Lifetime
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US887502A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roger Teurnier
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C I T INDNSTRIELLE D Cie
Cit Indnstrielle Des Telecommunications Cie
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C I T INDNSTRIELLE D Cie
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/20—Repeater circuits; Relay circuits
    • H04L25/22—Repeaters for converting two wires to four wires; Repeaters for converting single current to double current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
    • H03K5/04—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration

Definitions

  • a telegraphy retransmitter receives bipolar modulated signals 3,470,482 9/1969 Kolnowski .L ..328/58X Primary Examiner-Kathleen l-l. Clatfy Assistant Examiner-William A. llelvestine Attorney-Craig, Antonelli and Hill ABSTRACT interrupted by telegraphic modulation equipment and retransmits the bipolar modulated signals without the interruptions.
  • the retransmitter employs polarity sensitive transistor switching circuits and a holding circuit for maintaining the desired level of the bipolar signal during the period of the interruptions, so that the-period of interruption is eflectively eliminated.
  • the invention relates to a modulation retransmitter, more particularly a telegraphic modulation retransmitter, which receives at the input a modulation (for example bipolar modulation), in which the elementary signals may be affected by some deformation, and which retransmits this modulation (for example in single polar current) with elementary output signals reshaped in accordance with their theoretical curve.
  • a modulation for example bipolar modulation
  • this modulation for example in single polar current
  • bipolar current telegraphic modulation appears in the form of signals formed by the combination of several pulses, either negative or positive with respect to ground, the center point of the telegraphic battery.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to restore at the output a voltage close to ground for positive polarity at the input, and absence of output polarity for a negative polarity at the input, the converse arrangement being obviously selectable without modifying the principle of the invention.
  • the passage of time from one polarity to the other may also be called break time and which corresponds to a time in which no polarity is retransmitted, is not negligible; for example, for a telegraph relay, the passage of time from one contact to the opposite contact may be of the order of 1 millisecond.
  • the design of the transmitting device of some teleprinters provides a break time not only between two consecutive moments of different polarity, but also between consecutive moments of the same polarity.
  • the retransmitter device is characterized more particularly in that it comprises a line polarity detection device and an output device having a time constant, maintaining the output state constant for a certain time after the disappearance of the input polarity.
  • the device comprises substantially four transistors, a capacitor and resistances, two transistors being assigned, for example, to the detection of positive line polarity, one transistor being assigned to the detection of negative line polarity, and one transistor being assigned to the output signals, the capacitor enabling a time constant to be obtained in the change of state of the output transistor.
  • the detection of a negative line polarity produces, on the one hand, blocking of the output transistor and, on the other hand, rapid discharge of the capacitor; during the break following the polarity, the output transistor remains blocked and the capacitor remains discharged, all the detection transistors being then blocked.
  • FIG. 1 shows a theoretical trace of bipolar modulation for a code combination
  • FIG. 2 shows the real trace of bipolar modulation of the same combination obtained with the transmission device of certain teleprinters
  • FIG. 3 shows a real trace of single polarity modulation of a retransmitter device in which the output control depends directly on one of the input polarities
  • FIG. 4 shows the real trace in single polarity modulation obtained with the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows an electric circuit diagram of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 relates to a telegraphic code combination comprising three positive mo ments M1, M2 and M3 and two negative moments M4 and M5; in addition the start, always negative, and the stop, always positive.
  • the whole of the seven moments corresponds to a character of the international telegraph code.
  • the top horizontal line corresponds to positive polarity of the telegraph battery
  • the bottom horizontal line corresponds to negative polarity of the telegraph battery
  • the middle horizontal line corresponds to zero ground potential of the middle point of the battery.
  • the trace shown in FIG. I is a theoretical trace since at the same instant, t for example, the line is simultaneously positive, negative or at zero potential, which is obviously impossible.
  • FIG. 2 is a real trace of the modulation received in FIG. 1. It will be seen that the vertical line 1 determines the passage to negative and the vertical line 2 the return to positive, the effective duration between the time t (positive) and the time t:, (negative) being effected by means of a nonnegligible time 1 during which the line is at zero potential. Similarly, the return to positive of the time I, is effected by means of a nonnegligi ble time during which the line passes through zero potential again. The times t and t represent the time taken by the moving blade contact to travel from the positive contact to the opposite negative contact.
  • FIG. 3 again shows the same modulation as in FIG. I but with single polarity operation, that is to say, the upper horizontal line represents the time intervals during which the transmission line is connected to a weak polarity p close to ground, while the lower horizontal line represents the time intervals during which the transmission line is connected to positive or negative polarity originating from the utilization circuit.
  • the polarity assumed here is negative polarity, but this choice is not obligatory. If the output control of the retransmitter device depends directly on the input polarity (positive, for example) all the disconnections are interpreted as the opposite polarity (negative, for example). The result is a distortion of the signals, due to spread of the negative moments (for example). On the other hand, there are obviously breaks between consecutive moments of the same polarity.
  • FIG. 4 shows single polarity modulation such as is obtained with the device according to the invention.
  • the break times received at the input of the double current device have no repercussion on the single current output; to obtain this result, the change in output polarity must be controlled only by a change in polarity at the input and not by the break in polarity of the preceding moment.
  • the bipolar signals ar rive at the input E by a line I... They leave the device again by an output S and are utilizable by a load impedance R which may represent any receiving element.
  • the input E Successively in series with the line L are the input E, are a diode D and a diode D the end of the line opposite to the input being grounded.
  • the diodes D, and D are connected in emitter negative with respect to its base, remains blocked, and consequently so does the transistor T Transistor T, on the contrary, having its emitter grounded and its base negative,
  • the collector of T is connected to the The output S therefore assumes negative polarity across the base of a transistor T of NPN-type, through a resistance R impedance R, of the utilization circuit. the base of T being also connected to negative polarity In the time through a resistance R
  • the emitter of T is connected The time t, isabreak time, during which the line L does not directly to negative polarity and the collector of T is conreceive any polarity, either positive or negative.
  • Transistors T nected through a diode D to a common point M. At point M and T remain blocked; transistor T is blocked.
  • Transistor T two circuit branches are connected; the first formed by a reremains blocked.
  • the output S continues to be sistance R whose end N is connected to one plate of a capacinegative across the impedance R, Capacitor C is kept tor C, whose other plate is grounded; the second branch condischarged by the circuit R R R and ground.
  • the line L is at positive polarity.
  • the collector of the transistor T is conmanner similar to that occurring in the time I transistors T, nected to the point N through diode D and resistance R,,. and T become conducting, transistor T is blocked.
  • transistor T having its emitter at the telegraphic positive
  • Capacitor C conducting, but the transistor T having its base positive with 4 artly discharged, is recharged rapidly through the resistance l'espeet e the emitter, 'he e
  • the diode D 2 is R and diode D Transistor T is maintained in the conducting ducting, its anode being positive with respect to its cathode. State by the circuit consisting of T3, D37 R5 and R8.
  • the voltage level of said inter- The line L is at negative polarity
  • the diode D1 is in forward 7 rupted portions being difierent from the voltage levels defincharacteristic but the diode D is in reverse characteristic, that is to say, with a high internal resistance; a weak reverse current passes across the diode D, and, practically, the potential of the portion of line situated between the two diodes is very close to the negative of the line.
  • Transistor T having its ing the amplitudes of the bipolar signal comprising:
  • first means for receiving said bipolar signal in its interrupted form second means responsive to said first means for maintaining the voltage level of the bipolar signal, immediately preceding said interrupted portion, for the duration of said interrupted portion, thereby eliminating the interruption; and 1 third means responsive to said'second means for delivering said bipolar signal at an output with said interrupted portion of said bipolar signal removed, so that said signal varies between only two levels defining the amplitude of the retransmitted bipolar signal.
  • said second means includes a polarity sensitive transistor circuit, connected to said third means and responsive to the polarity of the received interrupted signal, for eliminating the interrupted portion from said bipolar signal.
  • said transistor circuit includes a first and second transistor switching circuit, a holding circuit and a third transistor switching circuit, said first and second transistor switching circuits providing a charging and discharging path respectively, for said holding circuit and wherein said third transistor switching circuit is connected to and controlled by said holding circuit through a discharge circuit having a time constant greater than the duration of the interrupted portion of said bipolar signal.
  • said transistor circuit includes a first and second transistor switching circuit, a holding circuit and a third transistor switching circuit, said first and second transistor, switching circuits providing a charging and discharging path, respectively, for said holding circuit and wherein said third transistor switching circuit is connected to and controlled by said holding circuit through a discharge circuit having a time constant greater than the duration of the interrupted portion of said bipolar signal.
  • said first transistor switching circuit is connected through a charging transistor and a charging diode to said holding circuit, providing a charging path to said holding circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
US887502A 1968-12-23 1969-12-23 Retransmitting apparatus for converting interrupted telegraphic modulated signals into telegraphic signals without interruptions Expired - Lifetime US3643026A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR180133 1968-12-23

Publications (1)

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US3643026A true US3643026A (en) 1972-02-15

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US887502A Expired - Lifetime US3643026A (en) 1968-12-23 1969-12-23 Retransmitting apparatus for converting interrupted telegraphic modulated signals into telegraphic signals without interruptions

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US (1) US3643026A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5031763B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE743031A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH497824A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1964286C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1604879A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1298835A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL161640C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE353829B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3710022A (en) * 1970-01-21 1973-01-09 Lynch Communication Systems Sampling and retiming circuit for pcm repeaters
US20130100988A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2013-04-25 Panasonic Corporation Wireless relaying device, wireless transmission device, and wireless relaying method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3073971A (en) * 1961-05-10 1963-01-15 Rca Corp Pulse timing circuit
US3180935A (en) * 1962-02-20 1965-04-27 Weaver Howard Shanklin High speed pulse repeater
US3413415A (en) * 1964-06-03 1968-11-26 Cit Alcatel Electromagnetic delay device
US3470482A (en) * 1967-05-31 1969-09-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Video pulse sample and hold circuitry

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1071751B (de) * 1959-12-24 Siemens S. Haiskie Aktiiengesellschaff, Berlin und München Schaltungsanordnung zum Umfortm,en von DoppeHstromzeichen m Einfachstromzeichen
DE1115292B (de) * 1959-10-09 1961-10-19 Telefunken Patent Anordnung zur prellfreien Schliessung und OEffnung eines Stromkreises
FR1387242A (fr) * 1963-12-17 1965-01-29 Telecomm Electronique Aeronaut Relais électronique statique, utilisable notamment comme relais télégraphique
FR1500866A (fr) * 1966-06-21 1967-11-10 Cit Alcatel Dispositif électronique de réception de modulation utilisable notamment pour le télégraphe

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3073971A (en) * 1961-05-10 1963-01-15 Rca Corp Pulse timing circuit
US3180935A (en) * 1962-02-20 1965-04-27 Weaver Howard Shanklin High speed pulse repeater
US3413415A (en) * 1964-06-03 1968-11-26 Cit Alcatel Electromagnetic delay device
US3470482A (en) * 1967-05-31 1969-09-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Video pulse sample and hold circuitry

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3710022A (en) * 1970-01-21 1973-01-09 Lynch Communication Systems Sampling and retiming circuit for pcm repeaters
US20130100988A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2013-04-25 Panasonic Corporation Wireless relaying device, wireless transmission device, and wireless relaying method
US8948233B2 (en) * 2009-12-15 2015-02-03 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Wireless relaying device, wireless transmission device, and wireless relaying method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1298835A (en) 1972-12-06
DE1964286B2 (de) 1978-01-26
SE353829B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-12
JPS5031763B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-10-15
NL161640C (nl) 1980-02-15
DE1964286A1 (de) 1970-07-30
DE1964286C3 (de) 1978-09-21
FR1604879A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-04-17
CH497824A (fr) 1970-10-15
NL6919170A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-06-25
NL161640B (nl) 1979-09-17
BE743031A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-06-12

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