Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/50—Solvents
  • C11D7/5004—Organic solvents
  • C11D7/5018—Halogenated solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
  • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
  • C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
  • C23G5/02854—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons characterised by the stabilising or corrosion inhibiting additives
  • C23G5/02858—Hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/24—Hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/28—Organic compounds containing halogen

Definitions

• Trichlorethylene and perchlorethylene are used in many technical process, primarily as solvents for fats and other organic substances, e.g. for extracting oils and fats, for dry cleaning and particularly for degreasing metals.
• chlorinated hydrocarbons have a tendency to decompose under the influence of heat, oxygen, light and water, forming acid products like hydrochloric acid or tarry substances. This causes considerable difficulties in the storage, shipment, use and reclamation of these solvents.
• Pat. No. 2,371,644 refers to alcohols
• Pat. No. 2,371,645 mentions ether
• Pat. No. 2,371,646 mentions oximes
• British Pat. No. 884,823 mentions ketones.
• none of these substances shows real effectiveness.
• mixtures with a synergistic effect like alcohols with epoxides (Pat. No. 3,188,355) or low-molecular esters with epoxides (DAS No. 1,096,711).
• concentrations of additives of up to 1 weight percent are necessary.
• the epoxides have a toxic effect.
• degreasing agents for metals consisting of trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene, which decreasing agents contain 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene.
• my degreasing agents are stable against oxidative and light-induced decompositions as well as against metal and metal salt catalyzed decompo- 3,642,645 Patented Feb. 15, 1972 sitions. It is surprising that 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene, which contains three unsaturated double bonds, has the stabilizing effect mentioned, because so far only oxygen-containing compounds have been used as metal deactivators, and the unsaturated hydrocarbons were acknowledged to have only the effect of light and oxidation stabilizers.
• 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene together with trichlorethylene and perchlorethylene goes over into the vapor phase.
• the degreasing agents are stable even in a gaseous state.
• 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene shows good effectiveness in quantities of 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent, referred to trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene. Preferred are quantities between 0.0 5 and 0.2 weight percent.
• the stabilizing effect of 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene can be enhanced by the addition of tertiary amines in which at least one of the three aliphatic residues is unsaturated.
• Preferred here is l-dimethylaminopropine-Z, particularly in quantities of 0.025 to 0.1 weight percent, referred to trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene.
• allyl diisopropylamine, triallyl-amine and propargyl diisopropylamine also show a good effect with 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene.
• Such mixtures generally contain about twice the weight amount of 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene in respect to tertiary amine.
• Particularly suitable was found to be a degreasing agent which contains 0.1 weight percent 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene and 0.5 weight percent 1-dimethylaminopropine-2.
• the degreasing agents of the invention are of special significance for the degreasing of iron and aluminum, because even when subjected to long periods of the corrosive influence of iron chloride or aluminum chloride no decomposition is noticeable.
• EXAMPLE 1 In a series of tests, samples of trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene are boiled under reflux in the presence of 0.3- g. water-free aluminum chloride and 1.0 aluminum shavings. Due to the presence of aluminum and aluminum chloride, the conditions correspond to the technical degreasing of aluminum. The decomposition speed of trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene serves as the measure of the stabilizing effect of the additives. Consequently the period until the occurrence of tar-like products is measured. In the following tests 1 to 5 the stabilizing effect on trichlorethylene was tested, and in test 6 that on perchlorethylene.
• a second method for testing the stability of trichloroethylene toward aluminum consists of determining the weight loss of aluminum strips which were exposed to trichloroethylene under the influence of light and heat, and the acid content during the reflux treatment. Accordingly, one aluminum platelet of known weight is hung in the flask, one in the cooler and one in the extractor of a Franz Soxhlet apparatus, and ml. trichloroethylene which was mixed with 0.2 ml. water, are exposed for 3 days to the light of a dull-surface IOU-watt incandescent bulb which shines from a distance of 3 cm. on the side arm of the Soxhlet extractor.
• the acid content is determined by titration of an aqueous extract together with the exhaust gas rinse Water with 0.01 N soda lye against phenolphthalein as the indicator. In case of an effective stabilization no acid titer should appear after the test period.
• the weight losses of the aluminum platelets are determined by differential weighing.
• ylene a content of 0.025 to 0.1 weight percent of 1- dimethylaminopropine-2, referred to the trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Anti-Oxidant Or Stabilizer Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=5724903

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (1)

• 1969
  • 1969-02-11 DE DE1906758A patent/DE1906758C3/de not_active Expired
• 1970
  • 1970-02-03 US US8402A patent/US3642645A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1970-02-09 BE BE745702D patent/BE745702A/xx unknown
  • 1970-02-10 FR FR7004600A patent/FR2037365A5/fr not_active Expired
  • 1970-02-11 GB GB6569/70A patent/GB1301012A/en not_active Expired

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