US3640475A - Apparatus for breaking up lumpy material - Google Patents

Apparatus for breaking up lumpy material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3640475A
US3640475A US812207A US3640475DA US3640475A US 3640475 A US3640475 A US 3640475A US 812207 A US812207 A US 812207A US 3640475D A US3640475D A US 3640475DA US 3640475 A US3640475 A US 3640475A
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United States
Prior art keywords
impact
elements
disc
housing
pulverizing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US812207A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard Jung
Horst Lenkewitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Inova Steinmueller GmbH
Original Assignee
L&C Steinmueller GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L&C Steinmueller GmbH filed Critical L&C Steinmueller GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3640475A publication Critical patent/US3640475A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C13/1814—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate by means of beater or impeller elements fixed on top of a disc type rotor

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Pulverizing equipment including a disc rotating on a verticai axis and having an inner row of impact elements thereon, which first engage the material and break it up and accelerate it radially outwardly toward an outer row of impact elements on the disc which cooperate with a surrounding stationary row of impact elements to complete the breaking up of the material.
  • a housing surrounds the disc and has outlet means at the periphery of the disc for the withdrawal of pulverized material.
  • a blower beneath the disc may supply air to the region of the periphery of the disc to assist in the withdrawal of the pulverized material from the housing.
  • the present invention relates to a device for breaking up lumpy material according to which the material to be broken up drops in a free fall axially into a breaking up device.
  • the decisive drawback inherent thereto consists in that an insufficient grinding will be obtained when the relative speed between material to be ground and the breaking up element is too low, as a result of which a sifting of the ground material becomes necessary.
  • the sifting operation in its turn represents an additional working step and affects the breaking up device because with the so-called grit, also a considerable portion of the material of sufficient fineness will flow back into the breaking up system.
  • the sifter represents an additional element subjected to wear so that additional costs are encountered with regard to both devices, the breaking up device as well as the sifter. If the circumferential speed of the breaking up elements is high, considerable ventilation losses are encountered.
  • an object of the present invention to provide apparatus for breaking up lumpy material, especially an impact crusher, which will realize a fine grinding of the material while the latter passes through the breaking up device only once.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a vertical section through an impact pulverizer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 represents a section taken along the line 11-11 of FIG. I.
  • FIG. 3 represents a vertical section through a modified impact pulverizer according t'o the invention.
  • FIG. 4 represents a section taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates still another embodiment of the invention according to which the entire accelerating system, breaking up system and blower system are arranged on a common motor shaft.
  • FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the invention partly in section, according to which the accelerating system, the breaking up system and the blower system are arranged on a shaft of their own which is connected to the motor shaft by means of a coupling or clutch.
  • the present invention which is characterized primarily in that the material is conveyed to a rotating plate grate where while being subjected to a prebreaking-up operation, the material is accelerated outwardly and is conveyed into at least a further rotating plate grate where in cooperation with the latter and a selectively arranged rigid grate the material is broken up to the final granular size.
  • the rotating plate grates associated with each other may rotate in the same or opposite direction and at the same or different angular velocities.
  • the extent to which the individual rotating systems are employed for the grinding operation depends primarily on the character of the material to be broken up and also on the desired degree of grinding.
  • a preferred device according to the present invention in the form of an impact pulverizer with breaking up elements rotatable about a vertical axis and with stationary breaking up elements and a central supply for the material to be broken up is characterized primarily in that below the feeding means, preferably designed as an annular passage, there is in a closed breaking up chamber provided a rotating accelerating grate with a precrushing effect the individual elements of which are connected to a plane disc-shaped supporting member which latter is fixedly connected to another supporting element arranged on a common drive shaft.
  • the outer marginal area of said last mentioned supporting element is provided with additional breaking up elements which cooperate with stationary elements arranged rotation-symmetrically with regard to the rotating breaking up elements.
  • the latter In order to be able to withdraw the broken up material from the region of the breaking up chamber, the latter is, in conformity with the present invention, surrounded by a spirally shaped housing with at least one outlet.
  • the spiral design of the housing will, when providing a plurality of discharge openings yield the advantage that the total flow of the material is substantially uniformly divided into partial flows.
  • the same effect may also be realized in conformity with the present invention if the outer area of the breaking up or crushing chamber is surrounded by a cylindrical housing which is likewise equipped with outlets for the material being crushed.
  • the said outlets may be arranged at the top or bottom or on the sides.
  • the connection of the accelerating and crushing elements is likewise of importance for the efficiency of the device according to the invention.
  • the individual elements of the accelerating grate are guided in dovetailed recesses of a supporting element and are held from the top by means of a disc, whereas the crushing elements equipped with a foot are located in correspondingly designed recesses of a further discshape; supporting element and during a standstill are prevented from dropping out by centrally located holding means while during operation they are held by frictional engagement between the supporting and crushing elements.
  • the holding means intended for the elements of the crushing grate may be in the form of a dish spring or of a disc body. Naturally, also other heretofore known machine elements may be employed for this purpose.
  • a filling body in the free space between the elements of the accelerating grate and the elements of the crushing grate.
  • This filling body forms a unit with the upper housing closure means or is preferably connected thereto by welding, by screws, by cementing, or the like. The filling body is preventing the crushed material from moving outwardly through the gap formed by the rotating crushing elements and the upper housing closure means without being hit by the crushing elements.
  • the degree of crushing may be controlled by varying the circumferential speed of the crushing elements and also by varying the pitch angle of the crushing elements. If desired, the individual elements of the accelerating grate, of the rotating grate, and of the stationary crushing grate may be pitched radially or relative to the radial direction at an angle.
  • the material to be crushed drops in a free fall through an annular passage 1 into a centrally located accelerating grate 2 by means of which the material to be crushed is accelerated to the necessary radial velocity which will enable the material to enter the outer crushing grate 3 which rotates at higher speed.
  • the material moves through a gap 7 formed by the rotating disc-shaped supporting element 4 and the stationary filling body 6 connected to the housing cover 5.
  • the crushed material leaves the crushing grate 3 substantially tangentially and impacts vertically upon the crushing elements of the stationary crushing grate 8 where a post-crushing or pulverization occurs.
  • the thus crushed material passes to the outer range 9 of the crushing chamber which crushing chamber, in conformity with FIG. 2, is surrounded by a spirally shaped housing 10.
  • two outer ranges 9 of the grinding chamber are each provided with a withdrawing opening or outlet ll, 12.
  • the material leaves the system in the form of a uniform flow.
  • the arrangement of the outlets 11 and 12 at a corresponding angular position permits a dividing up of the total flow in conformity with agiven branching requirement.
  • these elements are inserted in dove-tailed recesses 14 and by means of a cover disc 15 are prevented from accidentally dropping out.
  • the crushing elements 3 of the rotating grate are inserted from below into corresponding recesses of the dise-shaped supporting element 4.
  • the individual elements 3 are provided with a foot 16 which engages a correspondingly shaped recess 17 of the supporting element 4.
  • the holding means 18 may be designed in the manner of a dish spring or, if preferred, as disc bodyf
  • the crushing element itself is so designed that its center of gravity is located above the discshaped supporting element d, and the attacking centrifugal force will tend to pull the crushing element out in the upward direction. This is prevented by the positive engagement between the foot 16 and the recess 17.
  • the crushed material is, in conformity with the invention, withdrawn pneumatically from the crushing chamber.
  • a blower wheel 19 which together with the accelerating and crushing system is arranged on the common motor drive shaft 20 (FIG. 5).
  • the blower wheel 19 may, however, also be arranged together with the accelerating system and the crushing system on a shaft 21 of its own (FIG. 6), said shaft 21 being connected by a clutch 22 to the motor drive shaft 20.
  • the advantages realized by the present impact crusher are seen in particular in the fact that the material to be ground can be broken up and crushed while passing through the device only once.
  • the granular size to which the material is to be crushed may, of course, be varied.
  • the ventilation losses of the otherwise smooth supporting elements will also at highcircumferential speeds remain relatively low.
  • the impact angle of the material to be crushed upon the crusher elements of the stationary and resting grate are within approximately 90 within the range which is most favorable with regard to wear and the crushing operation.
  • the desired granular size can be realized while the material passes only once through the breaking up device so that a sifting operation will be saved.
  • the high circumferential speed makes it possible to keep the height of the plate grate low whereby the ventilation losses can, in spite of the high speed, be kept at a minimum.
  • an impact pulverizer a housing defining a closed chamber, disc means rotatable on a vertical axis in said chamber, a radially inner and a radially outer circumferential row of spaced apart impact elements on said disc means and upstanding therefrom, feeding means for feeding material to be pulverized vertically downwardly into said chamber to said radially inner row of impact elements for preliminary crushing of said material thereby outwardly toward said radially outer row of impact elements, a further circumferential row of spaced apart impact elements concentric with and adjacent to said radially outer row of impact elements and carried by said housing, said further row of impact elements cooperating with said radially outer row of impact elements to perform the final pulverizing of said material in said pulverizer, said disc means comprising a smaller central disc having peripheral notches therein which widen out in the radially inward direction, said radially inner row of impact elements having foot portions thereon fitting said notches and being adapted for insertion into the notches in the axial direction, and
  • An impact pulverizer according to claim 2 in which said housing is spiral shaped in the region thereof surrounding said disc means and includes at least one substantially tangential outlet for pulverized material.
  • An impact pulverizer according to claim 2 in which said housing is cylindrical in the region thereof surrounding said disc means and is provided with outlet means for the withdrawal of pulverized material from the pulverizer.
  • said disc means includes a larger disc having axial apertures at the periphery, said outer row of impact elements being insertable axially into said apertures and having an enlarged portion at one end to abutone side of said larger disc, and a further clamp member engaging said enlarged ends of the impact elements of said outer row thereof to hold them in position in said apertures.
  • An impact pulverizer according to claim 8 which includes a drive motor having an output shaft coaxial with said drive shaft, and clutch means coupling said motor output shaft to said drive shaft.
  • an impact crusher apparatus a housing having a cover means, a disc body mounted in said housing for rotation about a vertical axis of rotation, an inner cascade of pulverizing elements mounted in said housing above the plane of said disc body for rotation about said axis, an outer cascade of pulverizing elements arranged in horizontal, coplanar relationship to said inner cascade and spaced radially outwardly from said inner cascade and mounted for rotation about said axis, an impact cascade of impact crusher elements fixed to said housing cover means in horizontal, coplanar relationship outwardly of said outer, rotatable cascade, and an axial supply for material to be pulverized comprising a ring-passage-forming means coaxial with said axis and opening into said housing with said pulverizing elements of said inner cascade directly below and in alignment with said ring-passage-forming means, said radially spaced pulverizing elements of said inner and outer cascades defining a ring-formed space means free of pulverizing elements in
  • An impact crusher apparatus in which a bottom portion of said housing cover means lies-in an area between said pulverizing elements of rotating cascade means, and the upper edges of said pulverizing elements of said outer cascade lie in substantially the plane of said bottom portion of said housing cover means.
  • An impact crusher apparatus in which swallow-tail-formed recess means are provided for guidance of pulverizing elements of the inner rotating cascade and maintained on top of one disc body, base portions of pulverizing elements of the outer rotating cascade being formed complementary to recesses in thelarger disc body, dish spring hol;ing means hindering drop out of said base portions during standstill, and that hold said base portions in complementary interfit with pulverizing elements during operation.
  • An impact crusher apparatus in which a spiral-form-embodied housing having at least one exit encompasses outer range of pulverizing space.
  • An impact crusher apparatus in which a cylindrical housing having withdrawal connections for pulverizing elements output is provided around outer range of the pulverizing space.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
US812207A 1968-04-06 1969-04-01 Apparatus for breaking up lumpy material Expired - Lifetime US3640475A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681757161 DE1757161B1 (de) 1968-04-06 1968-04-06 Prallmuehle

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US3640475A true US3640475A (en) 1972-02-08

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US (1) US3640475A (fr)
DE (1) DE1757161B1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2005680A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1266191A (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3784114A (en) * 1972-06-07 1974-01-08 Us Agriculture Protein-enriched whey fractions
US3917176A (en) * 1974-04-10 1975-11-04 Ingersoll Rand Co Disintegrating-and-blowing apparatus for material such as pulp
US4093127A (en) * 1975-10-21 1978-06-06 Life Resources Incorporated Disintegrator and separator apparatus
US4732334A (en) * 1986-03-19 1988-03-22 Krupp Polysius Ag Apparatus for crushing brittle material for comminution
US5242126A (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-09-07 Bomze Howard J Bottle crusher
JP2002001141A (ja) * 2000-06-23 2002-01-08 Nisshin Seifun Group Inc 機械式粉砕機
EP1195201A1 (fr) * 2000-09-12 2002-04-10 Nisshin Seifun Group Inc. Broyeur méchanique
US6637682B2 (en) 2000-06-23 2003-10-28 Nisshin Seifun Group Inc. Mechanical crusher
US6866411B1 (en) * 2000-01-31 2005-03-15 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Mixing method and apparatus
JP2013545606A (ja) * 2010-12-01 2013-12-26 スイス リダックス エンジニアリング アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 複合材料の分離装置
US20140010038A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2014-01-09 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Continuous kneading device
WO2016130924A1 (fr) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Energy Creates Energy Llc Boîtier de ventilateur en forme de nautiloïde pour un broyeur de comminution
WO2023031514A1 (fr) * 2021-08-31 2023-03-09 Moviator Oy Appareil et procédé de broyage de matériau en morceaux

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5860605A (en) * 1996-10-11 1999-01-19 Johannes Petrus Andreas Josephus Van Der Zanden Method and device for synchronously making material collide
NL1004251C2 (nl) * 1996-10-11 1998-04-15 Ihc Holland Nv Meervoudige inslagbreker met dwarsopgestelde meedraaiende inslagoppervlakken.
LT6143B (lt) * 2013-07-16 2015-04-27 Uab "Wilara" Diskinė bičių duonos kūlimo mašina

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1576472A (en) * 1924-07-21 1926-03-09 Sanford Riley Stoker Company Pulverizing machine
US1808509A (en) * 1928-06-20 1931-06-02 American Encaustic Tiling Comp Clay disintegrator
US2641453A (en) * 1951-04-21 1953-06-09 Nat Gypsum Co Pin mixer

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR579467A (fr) * 1923-03-15 1924-10-17 Int Comb Eng Corp Perfectionnements aux appareils à pulvériser
GB1183322A (en) * 1965-12-09 1970-03-04 Davidson & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to Pulverising Machines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1576472A (en) * 1924-07-21 1926-03-09 Sanford Riley Stoker Company Pulverizing machine
US1808509A (en) * 1928-06-20 1931-06-02 American Encaustic Tiling Comp Clay disintegrator
US2641453A (en) * 1951-04-21 1953-06-09 Nat Gypsum Co Pin mixer

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3784114A (en) * 1972-06-07 1974-01-08 Us Agriculture Protein-enriched whey fractions
US3917176A (en) * 1974-04-10 1975-11-04 Ingersoll Rand Co Disintegrating-and-blowing apparatus for material such as pulp
US4093127A (en) * 1975-10-21 1978-06-06 Life Resources Incorporated Disintegrator and separator apparatus
US4732334A (en) * 1986-03-19 1988-03-22 Krupp Polysius Ag Apparatus for crushing brittle material for comminution
US5242126A (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-09-07 Bomze Howard J Bottle crusher
US6866411B1 (en) * 2000-01-31 2005-03-15 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Mixing method and apparatus
JP2002001141A (ja) * 2000-06-23 2002-01-08 Nisshin Seifun Group Inc 機械式粉砕機
US6637682B2 (en) 2000-06-23 2003-10-28 Nisshin Seifun Group Inc. Mechanical crusher
EP1195201A1 (fr) * 2000-09-12 2002-04-10 Nisshin Seifun Group Inc. Broyeur méchanique
JP2013545606A (ja) * 2010-12-01 2013-12-26 スイス リダックス エンジニアリング アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 複合材料の分離装置
US20140010038A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2014-01-09 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Continuous kneading device
US9700858B2 (en) * 2011-03-23 2017-07-11 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Continuous kneading device
WO2016130924A1 (fr) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Energy Creates Energy Llc Boîtier de ventilateur en forme de nautiloïde pour un broyeur de comminution
US10799873B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2020-10-13 Energy Creates Energy Llc Nautiloid shaped fan housing for a comminution mill
WO2023031514A1 (fr) * 2021-08-31 2023-03-09 Moviator Oy Appareil et procédé de broyage de matériau en morceaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1757161B1 (de) 1971-10-21
GB1266191A (fr) 1972-03-08
FR2005680A1 (fr) 1969-12-12

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