US1834094A - Pulverizer and separator - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 1, 1931. G. H. FRASER PULVERIZER AND SEPARATOR 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Sept. 12

INVENTOR f M 72 Dec. 1, 1931. H FRASER 1,834,094

PULVERIZER AND SEPARATOR Original Filed Sept. 12, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 J 0 1e INVENTOR h Dec. 1, 1931. G. H. FRASER PULVERIZER AND SEPARATOR 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed Sept.

INVENTOR Patented Dec.- 1, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT? OFFICE I GEORGE HOLT FRASER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORIL PULVERIZER, AND SEPARATOR Application filed September 12, 1924, Serial No. 737,413. Renewed September 25, 1930'.

This invention relates to pulverizers and separators for grinding materials and separating fine from coarse material, and aims to provide certain improvements in such devices.

Pulverizers in which the material is ground between the inner face of a horizontal annular die and the periphery of a roller within the die have heretofore swung or pushed the 1 rollers around the die to generate centrifugal crushing force, and plows or scrapers have been used to throwthe material to be crushed on to the inner face of the die in advance of the rolls, the dust formed being removed by an air current rising through the die in a circuitous path to permit large particles to recipitate and fall back into the die and to fibat the fine particles out to a dust collector or separator arranged in an endless circuit with the pulverizer so that the same air currentmay be used. The die has usually been sta;

tionary, and the rolls have been pushed by or suspended to swing from a revolving spider.

The separator has usually been outside of the.

pulverizer and connected with it by piping, and an outside blower has usually served to generate a considerable air current required for operating such a system.

Pulverizers of the ring'roll type have rerial on its inner face, the rolls being carried in non-rotary bearings and pressed toward the ring for crushing the material which latter as discharged has been conveyed to an outside separator to remove the fine dust and return coarser particles to-the pulverizer.

My present invention aims to provide improvements especiallyapplicable to pulver izers of the horizontal ring andcentrifugal roll type, and aims to provide an improved crusher or pulverizer, and an improved air separaton'and to provide an improved combined pulverizer and air separator, and to improve the operation, increase the efficiency, simplify the manipulation, and improve the construction and operation of such devices.

To this end in carrying out the preferred form of my present improvements as applied to a horizontal ring and suspended roller pulvolved the horizontal ring to hold the'mate verizer I preferably revolve both, the rollsand the ring, the rolls preferably in one direction and the ring in the'other, so that the centrifugal force of the rolls may be used as a crushing force and thecentrifugal force of 'the material may be used to keep it on the rating chamber above the ring for receiving the upflowing air and directing it inwardly to the fine outlet, and a revolving deflector therein for receiving the precipitated particles and redirecting them to the crushing elements; 7

And I preferably provide a revolving chamber encircling endless annular air circuit surrounding the revolving chamber or. ring and communicating between the upper fine outlet and a lower current inlet beneath and preferably inwardly of.the rolls, and provide dust filtering means across and for intercepting fine material in this circuit;

And I preferably provide filtering means surmountin'g current means above the revolving chamber or ring, preferably as a revolving fan above the filtering means and within and concentric of the endless current passage, and preferably having radially adjustable blades revolved at variable speed by and driven with the roll carrier for airculating air through this endless circuit in' the form of a vortex rin and preferably I provide supplementary f ans for circulating air through the discharge chamber and around the deflector above the rolls in a minor selecting current auxiliary to the main dust current;

And I preferably provide a non-rotative and adjustable feed pipe and a centrifugal discharging feed disc for the fresh material and an annular interceptor for arresting projected feed anddropping it in front of the rolls, and scrapers for this deflector and for the discharge chamber and for the rock pan below the ring;

And I preferably provide a horizontally .movable horizontal outer crushing member or ring so that it can radially move or yield relative to its carrier, and provide means for resisting the inner stress or movement of the which Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section of the preferred adaptation of my invention as a combined suspended roller pulverizer and air separator,

Fig. 2 is a transverse section thereof cut on the planes of the lines 22 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof cut on the planes of the lines 33 in Fig. 1

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical axlal section similar to Fig. 1 but showing a mod1- fication.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, let A 1nd].- cate a horizontal'ring or die, B the rolls, C the driving mechanism, D the feed inlet, and E the discharge outlet of a machine for pulverizing and separating materials.

These parts may beof any suitable construct-ion, arrangement or operation, for pul verizing rock between the inner face of the ring and the outer face of the rolls, for rotating the rolls or revolving the ring, for feeding material to be pulverized into the ring, and for discharging pulverized 'material. The ring may be disposed in a horizontal plane, and may be movable. One or more rolls maybe used and pressed toward the inner crushing face of the ring in any suitable manner tocrush the material between the outer crushing face of a roll and the inner crushing face of the ring. The rolls maybe planetary and moved by a revolving carrier or spider, and they may be movable with or relatively to it radially of the ring. The axis of the ring may be in a vertical or other plane, and when a plurality of rolls are used they should be eccentric of and disposed about the axis of the ring.

-According to the preferred form of my invention the ring A revolves to hold material by centrifugal force on its inner crushing face, which is preferably transversely concave or recessed to afford a crushing chamber within it andthe ring can yield, gyrate or move radially to adapt itself tothe crushing stress, or to cushion shocks, or to meet vibration.

According to the preferred form of my insufiicient speed to generate the desired centrifugal force as a crushing force to move them radially toward the inner face of the ring, while permitting each to retire under the crushing stress, which stress as to each roll is preferably transmitted to each of the other rolls as a crushing force by a movable and yielding transmitter H, which is preferably a ring intermediate of the sleeves F, suitably engaging each sleeve as by a link or rocker I to participate in the radial movement of each and pressed by a spring or springs to resist inward radial movement and to press the rolls outwardly to generate or augment their crushing pressure. The transmitter H sustains the inward stress of the rolls and equalizes their crushing pressure by distributing this stress from one to another of them. It. is radially and axially movable to adapt itself to the movement and condition of the rolls, and can be adjusted as by the screws K to retire the rolls, to limit their outward movement, or to permit their removal.

At one side of the ring I preferably provide a lower current inlet, as Z, to admit a separating current under the ring, and an annular wall L to receive material and direct it on to the inner face of the ring. This wall is preferably a an, tapering or conical and preferably revo ves with sufficient speed to centrifugally refeed on to'the ring any material passing between or forced olf by the rolls, and preferablythe ring and pan are mounted one on the other so that they re volve and move together. As shown the pan carries the ring, and has a reversely inclined inner edge to prevent leakage, and serves as a closure for the crushing chamber at its side of the ring. i

At the opposite side of the ring I preferably provide an upper current outlet, as d, to dlscharge dust laden current over the ring, and preferably a discharge chamber M, enclosed by an annular wall a, which is preferably conical or tapering from the ring inwardly, and preferably is mounted on and revolves with the ring and participates in its movements. The wall a affords a closure for the crushing chamber at its side of the ring and preferably has a flat or other shaped top wall I) and a tapering or reverse neck 0 termlnatmg in a contracted inner outlet d. The

chamber M permits coarse particles to pre cipitate or centrifugall separate from the fine dust discharging t rough it, and such particles fall by gravity to the ring or are returned thereto by centrifugal force on the revolving tapering wall a, so that only dust goes to the succeeding selecting chamber 01 the outlet d.

To facilitate separation of dust from larger particles in the chamber M I prefer to use an annular deflector e opposite the neck a on which such particles may precipitate and through which they may return to the rolls affording a selecting chamber.

In my endless current passage encircled non-rotary crushing chamber or ring pulverizer, shown in myPatent No. 1,499,516 dated July 1, 1924, I provided fine material intercepting filtering mea s across the endless current passage, and Fprovided below such filtering means, and spaced below such nonrotary crushing chamber or ring, a revolv ing blower connected at its suction side of the egress side offthe filtering means for sucking the air from below and inwardly of the filtering means to clean dust from the air and to return the cleaned air under the lower inlet of my said filter crossed non-rotary chamber encircling endless current passage pulverizer, but according to one feature of my presvention I provide an air separator surrounding and enclosing a revolving crushing chamber pulverizer and 1ts crushing elements and crushmg chamber, for separatlng the dust as it is inade and within instead of without thedevice, which serves as an enclosing casing for the apparatus, and makes a single combined unit of these elements, and preferably I also provide a dust collector for cleaning the air within and enclosed by the air separator and around and encloslng the crushing chamber, and elements, to receive the air separating the dust, and preferably I also provideacross the revolving chamber encircling endless current passage non-rotary filtering means to intercept fine material in the air and to filter and clean it and restore cleaned air to within the crushing chamber.

In its preferred form the air separator N encloses the pulverizing parts and the dustcollector 0 and air filter or cleaner P, and the dust collector surrounds the pulverizing parts and the filter, and the filter is below such parts and surrounds the driving chamber Q for the driving mechanism for revolving them, and these parts are disposed concentrically and in spaced relation. Preferably the air separaand which encloses the pulverizer, dust collector or filter and driving chamber, which parts partition its interior'to afford an endless current passage up through the lower opening or inletZ in to the pulverizing chamber and through the selecting chamber M and outlet d of the pulverizer and the upper opening or fan way m out to the chamber and down through this to the inward opening n of the dust collector and through the filter to the inlet Z, through which the air can circulate through and around the crushing chamber and through the device surrounding it.

Preferably, according to another feature of my invention, revolving crushing chamber superposed andnon-rotary filtering means surmounting, concentric current causing and intensity varying means, preferably as a revolving blower. or fan R is provided between the flat top 5 of the pulverizing chamber and the flat top blades 0 encircled by and with inclined outer edges coinciding with the inclined deflecting wall 9, so that when it revolves it will force the air against this n all which will deflect it downwardly through the chamber is and cause it to circulate through the endless circuit. Preferably the air is centrifugally whirled in the chamber is, as by blades 0 mounted on and revolving with the wall a of the revolving chamber M, to generate sufficient centrifugal force to cause dust in the current of air descending through the chamber 10 to move outwardly against its outer wall and precipitate down the latter in to its dust cone 2', and this whirling of the air is arrested by radial checks or vanes 37 which are spaced sufiiciently below the whirlers 0 to afford a centrifugal separating chamber or space above the checks, and opposite this space I prefer to locate the annular inlet 72 for the dust collector, so that it will draw relatively clean air from within the downwardly whirling current. Air entering the inlet n descends in the vertical chamber 9 of the dust collector, past whirl checking vanes 1' therein,

and enters and then flows inwardly through the filter P, which is preferably non-rotarv and below and at the egress side of the fan R, and across the endless current passage, and is preferably constructed with two annular rows of baflles or troughs s in staggered relation and arranged one inwardly of another so that air may flow between their spaced edges, and as it passes these will form dead air spaces in front of the baflles in which floating particles may precipitate and beintercepted, and through which they may be 7' of the air separator and has conducted below the zone of such current wlthout molestation thereby. Dust precipitating in the dust collector and descending and release such accummulation and dis:

charge it into the cone t of the dust collector.

According to the preferred form of my invention the blower R is above and concentric of the revolving crushing chamber or ring, and of the non-rotary filtering means, and is adjustable, and revoluble at variable speed, to vary the intensity of the separating current, and preferably is revolved with the revolving carrier for the rolls and is preferably car- 7 and the blades maybe of any suitable conried thereby, so that the blower action will coincide with the speedlat which the rolls are whirled, and varywith variations thereof, and its blades are radially adjustable relatively to the inclined deflecting wall 9 encircling them, to vary the blower action. This may be provided for in any suitable manner,

struction, but according to the preferred form of my invention each blade 0 is mounted near its lower edge on the side of a spaced spoke "P and attached to the side of its spoke by a fastener Q engagingone or another of a plurality of holes R through the side of the spoke, the number and position of the holes being determined by the desired adjustments, and as shown suflicing for the outermost adjustment of the blades shown in full lines in Fig. 1 when the fastener engages the outermost hole R" and for the innermost position of the blades shown in dotted lines in Fig. when the fastener engages the innermost hole R. Making the adjustable blades 0' upstanding above the lower spaced spokes P affords a high air passage or chamber S above the spokes and utilizes the height of the blades above the spokes as a high air chamber through which the air rising through the spaces between the spokes can flow to the blades and also affords a high clearspace into which the inner edgesof the blades may pass as the blades are adjusted from the deflecting wall, and in which the valve operating rod Z2 may move vertically without interfering with the blades. Preferably the spokes are mounted on the spider G, which is preferably provided with a tubular upwardly extending neck or part S which carries the blower.

Material may be fed into the ring in a suitable manner but according to the preferred form of my invention I provide a revolving centrifugal feeder or disc T, on or preferably part of the carrier G, and I provide a non-rotary feed pipe U the lower end of which opens above and opposite the center of the disc T, and which rises concentrically of the tube S and is adjustably mounted on the top f of the air separator so that it can be adjusted vertically to permit more or less material descending from the hopper D to flow on to the feed disc T. The lower part of the tube S is open at suitable intervals over the disc T to afford outlets '2 between its legs 102 for material flowing on to it, sothat this material can be projected centrifugally over the rolls B above which the disc is suitably disposed. I

My invention preferably provides for intercepting this centrifugally fed material and permitting it to slowly fall within the ring and I preferably provide an annular deflecting intercepter, spreaderor distributor V disposed in the path of the material and inwardly of the material and inwardly of the inner diameter. of the ring and intermediate 'of the upward current passage so that it partitions the upward current and permits it to drop into the ring just above the path of the rolls so that they may act on it before it has passed below them,"and any dust contained in it may be lifted by the rising current inwardly and outwardly of the annular intercepter. The interceptor is preferably mounted on and revolves with the casing a.

My invention preferably provides scrapersm for scraping off any material which may adhere to or accummulateon the inner wall a, the intercepter V, or the feeding wall or pan L, and these scrapers are preferably mounted on and revolve with the carrier G.

My invention preferably also provides for availing of the whirling carrier fans a above the feed disc T, which are revolved with or k by the carrier G and serve to circulate air around the deflector e in the chamber M. Their ingress communicates with the annular bottom'outlet of this deflector and they draw the minor currentof air through this to facilitate descent of larger dust settling in it and v return such dust to the chamber M, causing a supplementary current up through this chamber and down above the deflector e to supplement the main current and relieve it of thework of circulating this minor selecting a wheel or roller Z having an edge tractionface, and each of these rollers is adjustable axially to vary the speed of the parts it adjusting levers f and 9 shown. The member W preferably has a track of large diameter so that the ring may be driven at a relatively low speed, and the member Y a track of small diameter so that the rolls may be driven at relatively high speed. Preferably the rollers are the same diameter and the tracks are spaced so that the roller Z may be withdrawn beyond the outer edge before reaching the inner edge of the trackof the member W, so that driving of the rolls may be stopped while driving of the ring is continued. The track on the ring preferably is narrow enough to permit of withdrawal of the roll X outwardly so when it is desired the ring will be stationary. For starting or stopping the apparatus without disturbing the rollers I prefer to use a clutch h on the hub of the pulley b or any usual or suitable means.

I prefer tomovably and removably and yieldingly mount the ring A on the member W and provide a separable driving connection between them, and preferably mount the pan L slidingly on the member W and provide inter-engaging provisions on each for causing them to revolve together, and yielding means for positioning them radially of one another.

As shown the member W is provided with notches c" and the pan L with lugs j entering these notches for causing the parts to revolve together, and springs are pro.- vided between these parts for cushioning tendency to radial relative movement thereof and normally positioning them concentrically' while yieldingly cushioning radial shock.

Preferably the revolving rin A is bolted on top of the pan L, which Iatter carries the ring and has an under seating face m2 resting on and movably supported by an upper sustaining face a2 on thecarrier W, which thus vertically sustains the ring and pan while permitting their radial movement horizontally in the direction of the crushing stress. I

.In its preferred form my invention provides filtering means across a revolving crushing chamber or ring encircling endless current passage, and preferably uses non-rotary filtering means across such pasmotion or rotation permitting means between the filtering means and the revolving crushing chamber or ring, which may be provided for in any desired manner, but 7 preferably, as shown in F i 1, I construct the carrier W with an un er bearing face 02 which rotatably bears on an upper bearing face p2 formed on the upper edge of the gear case Q, whichfaces afford a vortexical ring encircled movement or revolution per; mitting joint g2 encircledby the endless current passage, permitting the ring to move or revolve in such encircling passage and relatively to the filtering means across such passage.

I prefer to form a member W with a tubular hub, and the carrier G, with a tubu- .lar extension Z traversing this hub and having a ball bearing m which preferably sustains the weight of the carrier and its parts on the member W so that the weight of both will act against the roller X as a traction force, and this roller will sustain this weight and transmit it through the roller'Z to the member Y, which will be keyed or otherwise connected to rotate with the carrier, and is preferably sustained by aball bearing '11 on the driving case Q. The pipe Z preferably extends through the member Y and the case Q, and has an open lower end affording an inlet Z within the filter P for return of filtered air, and at its upper part under the feed disc T and above the pan L it has openings 0 for passage of the filtered air into the pulverizi'ngchamber opposite the spaces between the rolls B, the parts being disposed to cause this air to enter and swing downwardly and outwardly across the pan 'and up the inner' face of the ring between the rolls as it rises to the settling chamber M.

To balance the weight of the parts the idling rollers X and Z are spaced diametrically, opposite the driving rollers or at equidistant points around the axis of the traction rings, and these and the driving rdllers are enclosed in the gear case Q. to exelude dustandisolate the tractional faces ing a substantially uniform charge or depth of such material on the inner face of the crushing ring and of preventing clogging or choking of the crushing chamber.

sage, and includes endless passage encircling This may be variously accomplished, but

I charge edge thereof. The valve 8' is preferably loosely mounted in the tubular neck S of the carrier G and revolves therewith and is movable downwardly therein to more or less close the outlets therefrom above the disc T. It may be moved in any suitable manner, but I prefer to automatically operate it from the crushing rolls so that as these are moved in by accumulation of material on the inner face of the ring A they will cause or permit the valve to close to reduce ingress of fresh feed, and as they move out with diminution of material on the inner face of the ring they will cause the valve to open to increase supply of fresh feed. -I prefer tosustain the valve 8' loosely on the inner ends of levers t at one side of theirfulcrum, and to operate the other ends of these levers by the movement of the roll bearings F, preferably by connecting the levers with the equalizing ring H so that as this rises with the inward movement of any roll it will lift the outer end of the lever t opposite that roll to permit descent of the valve 8 by gravity or other force in case all of the levers t are corespondingly tilted by a uniform lifting of the ring H by simultaneousinward, movement of all of the rollsB. The ring H may float radially intermediate of the rolls to equalize stress and pressure between them, and in so doing slides on the outer ends of the levers 2 but it also rises when all of the rolls are pressed in and 1 lowers when all of the rolls move out, and the levers t follow such lifting and lowering movements of the ring H so that all of the levers move in such case and reversely moveor permit movement of the valve 8'. Springs a cause the levers t to follow the ring H and lift the valve 8' when the ring H lowers with outward movement of the rolls, so that then the valve permits ingress of more fresh feed. Springs 0 preferably force the valve down when the levers t permit its descent to reduce or terminate fresh feed, the adjusted flow of which through the pipe U is thus subjected to this additional automatic regulation for varying its discharge into the Preferably also I provide means for varying' or regulating the supply of material by utilizing variations in the current in the ingress and egress sides of the crushing chamber and preferably in both sides. This may be accomplished in any suitable manner, but according to the preferred form of my invention I provide a diaphragm T between the suction chamber U communicating with the outlet d and a pressure chamber V communicrushing chamber.

eating with the crushing chamber ust above the inlet openings 0', so that back pressure in the crushing chamber tends to lower the diaphragm, or excessive suction within the fan R tends to lower the diaphragm, either or both of which conditions would arise if the crushing chamber became so full er material as to unduly resist current flow through it, in which case the diaphragm will fall and through the levers w tilt the levers t to permit the regulating valve 8' to descend, and will vary its vertical position with fluctuations in the conditions above and below the diaphragm T and thus automatically vary feed with variations in current due tovanations in 'the space through which it 1s permitted to flow caused by accumulation of material in this space.

A passage Z2 or a plurality of apertures 12 through the tubularpart S of the earner G affords comunication between the chamber U and the ingress side of the fan way m ust above the outlet d. Y

My invention preferably also provides for shutting ofi feed in case of accident or abnormal conditions, and in its preferred form provides a vertically movable operation controlling automatically operated valve or feed shutoff gate Y which preferably surrounds the feed pipe U and is preferably carried by a valve operating means or rod Z2, and pref; erably normally stands with its lower edge above the lower end of the feed pipe, and extends through and above the neck S of the carriers G, and is operated by one or more forked levers a, which are tilted by the bearings F when these move excessively to shut the gate Y down and stop all feed.

As shown if a roll should break and permit its bearing F to fly outwardly the toe a2 of the bearing would tilt the head 62 and cause its lever 2 to throw the shutoff gate down, or should uncrushed iron jam a roll inwardly excessively the hearing would tilt until its lower nose '02 would tilt the lever d2 and cause this to tilt the lever 62 to operate the forked lever and throw the shutoff gate down, thus preventing the clogging of the crushing chamber in case of such an accident.

My invention also provides an automatic throwofi' or safety means for stopping drive in case of accident, which in its preferred form comprises safety means W, shown as a bell crank e2, sustaining rod Z2 the shut-01f gate Y, and tilted by the descent of the shutoff gate Y and connected to a lever f2 to tilt it and through its connect- 111g link 92 to operate the levers f and g to throw the rollers X and Z out of engagement with the wheels W, and Y, or otherwise disconnect drivmg, thus stopping revolution of these to d1scontinue operation until the trouble can be investigated and remedied.

Preferably I provide cushioning springs 152 between the bearings and carrier for poisthrough the valve ing each bearing and cushioning its swinging movements and arrestmg these without undue shock to the carrier in case of excess driving stress, and correspondingly relieve the stress of thelr outer rocklng bearing 17" and inner vertically sliding bearing g.

The wheel Y is movably mounted on its anti-friction bearing n so that it can oscillate thereon to compensate for or adapt itself to variations in the rollers, and it is keyed or feathered to the tubular hub Z so that the latter can revolve with it and be moved or removed axially relatively to it, the spider G and this hub being preferably formed of one integral casting of which the tubular fan carrying top extension S is preferably also an integral part. This casting is preferably movably and removably mounted on the wheel W, and rotative-ly sustained therefrom by the anti-friction bearing m.

- The fans .2 carried by the spider preferably extend from near the bottom of the crushing chamber to near the top of the separating chamber M, so that they will suck air through the lower central inlets 0' as well as from the feed inlet around the feed disc T, and from the return inlet under the deflector e beneath the selecting chamber K, and will blow this air upwardly and cause it to whirl in the precipitation chamber to centrifugally throw out and return large particles as well as to supplement the effect of the exhaust fan R. The scrapers m are preferably mounted on edges of the fan 2 to scrape the pan L, the interceptor V, and wall a, in case material accumulates on any of these sufiiciently to exceed the clearance between them and the scrapers.

In operation, when the parts are disposed about a vertical axis as in the preferred construction, material will be fed by gravlty through the feed pipe U from which its escape will be controlled by the ad ustment ofv the end of this pipe toward or fromthe feed disc T to regulate the speed offeed. The disc will centrifugally project the material in a dust cloud or film over the top of the rolls and against the interceptor V, from which it will fall just inwardly of the inner edge of the ring and into the path of the rolls, so that which is not engaged by them will descend through the ring and into the refeedingpan L, by which it will be centrifugally fed on to the inner face of the ring. In ento the dust collector tering and falling the feed will traverse the rising air current and dust contained in the material will be lifted inwardly and outwardly of the interceptor V and into the precipitation chamber M, .where the air will be whirled by the fan a and large particles cen- V trifugally extracted-so that they may fall back into the ring, while finer dust will be carried over the deflector e and into the selecting chamber K, where the current induced by the blower 2 will return under the deflector e and the main current will reverse and rise through the blower R. In this reversal of current any large particles may precipitate and return for further grinding and only fine dust will rise to the blower R.

The latter will drive the dust laden current into the air separator N in which it will be most of the coarse dust will be separated by being centrifugally carried against the wall of the air separator down which it can fall to the dust outlet Thus the air will be freed of all dust except that which is too fine to be thus centrifugally separated, and this will float inwardl through the inlet n so rotation will be arrested and it will descend to the filter P which will clean it by intercepting fine dust remaining in it, so that this may precipitate and escape through the fine outlet u. The cleaned air passing the filter will rise through the bottom inlet 1 and be discharged inwardly of and between the rolls into the crushing chamber so as to sweep across the annular concave in the bottom of the pan L and up the concave inner face of the ring and rise past the interceptor V into the chamber M and return through the selecting chamber K again to the blower R, the blades of which will be adjusted to produce the desired separating current, and the speed of which will be varied to vary the intensity of the separating current to vary the fineness of separation.

The ring will be driven in one direction at a speed which will be varied to give the best results by adjusting its roller X radially of the wheel W, and the spider will be revolved in the other direction at a speed which will be varied to ive desired centrifugal force as the crushing pressure for the rolls, or the desired speed for the feed disc T or for the blower R and the complementary z vibration thereo The springs J will yieldingly sustain the transmitter and provide a crushing pressure acting to hold "the rolls outwardly to resist a crushing force from the inner face of the ring. The ring will move movable for access to the parts below them,

The wall a is separable so that it and the deflector V can be removed to permit access to or removal of the spiderand its separably hinged rolls, which may be lifted together or separably from the ring. Retiring the rolls and disconnecting the ring from the pan L permits removal or replacement of the ring. The ring and its pan may be lifted from its driving wheel W after the spider and rolls have been removed. The lower parts of the air separator and dust collector separably depend from the driving chamber Q, which serves as the base or main frame of the apparatus and removably sustains all parts including the filter.

It will be seen that my invention provides improvements which can be variously and advantageously availed of, in whole or in part, and it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular details of construction, operation, arrangement, or combination, set forth as constituting its preferred form, since it can be variously and advantageously availed of in whole or in part according to such modifications as circumstances or the judgment of those skilled in the art may dictate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

One such modification is illustrated in Fig. 4, in which the driving mechanism C is above, and the ring A and the rolls B are swingingly suspended .from it together with a single air separator N which encloses the revolving parts. In this construction the ring is mounted in a revolving pan casting L which has an upwardly extending tubular neck Z carried by an overhead traction wheel W. The feed pipe U descends through this neck and discharges on to the distributing disc T which is a cast part of the pan L, which is east with return air openings 0 and the air return inlet Z communicating with the lower cone 2' of the air separator. The spider G here shown has a tubular neck S by which it is suspended from its overhead traction wheel Y, which is revolved in one direction by its traction rollerZ while the wheel W carrying the ring A is revolved in the reverse direction byits traction roller X. The blower R is mounted on and revolves with the neck S, and the chamber M has a cylindrical casing 1" which revolves with the ring and inclined or spiral scrapers m mounted on the fan a are used to return material to the ring. In this construction, non-rotary filter troughs 8, across the revolving crushing passage, are spaced from the pan L sufiiciently to afford a motion and revolution permitting joint between this pan and these troughs.

lVhile for more fully illustrating the applicability of my improvements claimed herein I have shown them in Fig. 4 as used in connection with my movably suspended die carrier L and movably suspended spider carrier S, movably mounted above the die and rolls, and my overhead drive for revolv ing the suspended elements, and my clearance joint between the-die and the dust interceptor P below it, these features of improvement are claimed in my co-pending application filed September 1, 1931, Serial No. 560,589.

What I claim is: 1 1. In combination, an annular crushing die disposed in an approximately horizontal plane and having an annular crushing face,

.a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing trifugal action within said chamber to centrifugally separate therein and return to said face coarser particles.

2. In combination, an annular die disposed in an approximately horizontal plane and having an annular crushing face, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one. of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means for withdrawing fine material from said parts comprising an upwardly extending revolving casing affording a chamber above and surrounding said annular face, and fan blades revolving about the axis of said die and in said chamber for revolving such material around it to centrifugally separate fine from coarser material therein. v

8. In combination, an annular die disposedin an approximately horizontal plane and havingv an annular crushing face, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplyingmaterialto be crushed to said parts, and means for withdrawing fine material from said parts comrisin a revolvin casin above said die P e affording an upwardly extending outlet chamber communicating with said annular face and in which such material may revolve 4. In combination, an annular crushing die disposed in an approximately horizontal,

plane and having an internal crushing face, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts,.and means for withdrawing fine material from said fine material from said parts comprising a casing revolving with said die and afiording an upwardly extending outlet chamber in which coarse materialmay separate and return to said annular face.

6. In combination, an annular die revolving about an approximately vertical axis and having an annular vertically extending crushing face, a revoluble and rotating crushing roll rotating about said vertical axis and having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving said die, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, and means for discharging fine material from said parts comprising means for causing a current of air to-flowup through said. revolving die and within said annular faces to float fine material from said parts.

7. In combination, an annular die. revolving about an approximately vertical axis and having an internal crushing face, a crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means aflording an endless current passage up through and out around; said revolving die, and means for causing a current to transverse said passage to float fine ing in an approximately horizontal plane material from said parts.

8. In combination, an annular die revolvand having an annular crushing face, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving said die, means for supplying suitable material to be crushed to said parts, means surrounding and enclosing said parts affording 'an endless current passage through and below and around said revolving die, and means for causing a current to flow through said passage to float fine material from said parts.

9. In combination, a die revolving about an approximately vertical axis and having an internal crushing face, a roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving saiddie, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, revolving chamber means above and surrounding said internal face affording an upwardly extending discharge chamber for fine material communicating with the space within said die and havmg an upper outlet, and means for causlng fine material to rise from said die through said chamber and to said outlet.

10. In combination, a die disposed about anapproximately vertical axis and having an annular crushing face, a plurality of IOa tatable crushing rolls each having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving said rolls comprising a revolving feeder concentric of said die and above said rolls for centrifugally projecting the material to be crushed toward the inner face of said die, and means for supplying such material to be crushed to said feeder comprising a non-rotary pipe having an open lower end opposite and concentric of said feeder and adjustable to vary such supply.

11. In combination, a die having an an- A nular crushing face disposed about an apmeans for revolving said member, means for I supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means affording an exhaust chamber for fine material above and surrounding said parts and communicating with the interior of said die and having above said chamber an inwardly extendingtop wall aflording a fanway and an inner upper outlet, and fan blades above said die and above said top wall and mounted on and revolving with said rvolving member and disposed above said outlet for causing a current of air to flow upwardly through said chamber to float fine material therefrom.

12. In combination, a revolving crushing diehaving an annular crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a plurality of rotatable and revoluble crushing rolls within and concentric with said die and each having a peripheral crushing face acting horizontally toward said face to crush material between said faces, a tubular member revolving about said axis for rotating said rolls and having inwardly of said annular face a lower part affording communication with saidv die, means alfording a chamber communicating with said die and having an upper outlet opening above the latter, means affording an endless passage communicating between said outlet opening and under and up through and around said die,

- and means in said endless passage for causfor supplying mate ial to be crushed to said "parts, means within said die affording a lower inlet for air to said die, means affording a discharge chamber above and communieating with said die and having an inner upper outlet, means afl'ording an annular partition in said chamber spaced around said outlet and having an outer edge spaced from the wall of said chamber and around which air may flow to said outlet and having an inner grit outlet, means affording an endless current passage through said die and said chamber and inner outlet and around said die and through said lower inlet,'means for causing a current to traverse said endless passage to float fine material from said die, and means for causing a supplemental current in said chamberto flow through said chamber and'around said partition and through said inner grit outlet to select coarse material from said first current and return such selected material to said die.

14. In combination, a die having an annular crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means affording a chamber above and surrounding said annular face and communicating through and havingan inwardly extending upper top wall and an inner outlet concentric of said annular face, means enclosing said inner outlet comprising a wall spaced from and above said upper wall and affording a fan way between said walls and an outlet from said inner outlet, and atapering wall opposite and surrounding said fan way and affording aninclined outlet therefrom and above and surrounding said chamber, and an annular discharge passage communicating with said tapering wall, and means for causing a current to rise through said chamber comprising fan blades above said inwardly extending upper wall and revolving about said axis and within said fan way to draw air through said outlet and project it against said tapering wall to deflect it in to said pas sage for floating fine material from said die.

15. In combination, a revolving die having an annular crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said. face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means above said die affording an outlet chamber communicating with said die and having an upper current outlet, means communicating below said die and affording a lower current inlet within said die, means enclosing said partscomprising a casing surrounding and in spaced relation to said parts affording an air separating chamber in communication with 'said upper outlet and said lower inlet and affording an endless current passage through and around and surrounding said die, and means for causing a current to flow upwardly throughsaid revolving die, through said passage and to1 return below said die and through said in ct.

16. In combination, a revolving crushing die having an annular crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush mate rial between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to said parts, means affording a chamber above and communicating with said annular face and having an upper current outlet, means communicating below said die and affording a current inlet within said die, means comprising a casing surrounding and in spaced relation to said parts and affording arr-annular current passage around said parts and an air separating chamber communicating between said upper outlet and said lower inlet, means for causing a current to flow up through said die to float fine material therefrom and through said upper outlet and down through said passage and return through said lower inlet, andmeans for revolving such current in said passage to centrifugally separate particles floating therein.

17. In combination, a revolving crushing die having an annular crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing faceacting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means above said die affording a chamber commu- 7 nicating with said annular face and having an upper current outlet, means communicating inwardly below said die and affording a lower current inlet within said die, means concentric of said die comprising a casing surrounding and in spaced relation to said parts and comprising and enclosing a dust -said upper outlet and said dust collecting chamber and to return through said lower inlet. 18. In combination, a revolving crushing die having an annular crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face actlng toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means affording a discharge c hamber communicating above and communicating with said annular face and having an upper current outlet, inwardly extending means under and communicating below said'die and affording a lower current inlet thereto, means comprising a casing surrounding and enclosing in spaced relation to said parts affording a passage surrounding said parts and communicating between said upper current outlet and said i lower current inlet afiording an endless passagethrough and around said die, cleaning means between said current outlet and said current inlet across and; intersecting said passage aflording a filter for cleaning fine material from current traversing said passage to intercept floating particles and conduct" them below the zone of such current, and means for causing a current to flow up through said die to float-fine material therefrom, through said upper outlet and through said passage and filter and to return through said lower inlet.

19. In combination, a revolving die having an annular crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting to ward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supplying material to be crushed to said parts, means affording a current chamber above and surrounding'said annular face and communicating upwardly there- I surrounding and in spaced relation to said.

from and having an upper current outlet, inwardly extendingmeans communicating below said die and affording a lower current inlet inwardly of said annular face, a casing parts and enclosing a chamber afiording an annular downward passage surrounding said parts and communicating with said upper outlet and said lower inlet, comprising a dust collector and a dust outlet, a casing within said casing and surrounding said lower inlet, afi'ording a current passage between said dust collector and said lower inlet, and dust interceptingmeans surroundsaid lower inlet and across and intersecting said passage to intercept dust floating therein in advance to .said lower inlet, and

. means within said first casing for causing a fluid current to flow up through said die to float fine material therefrom, and through said upper outlet and said dust collector and to return through said filter and inwardly under said die through said lower inlet.

20. In combination, a die revolving about an axis and having an annular crushing face, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting radially tdward said face to crush material between said faces, ineans for supplying material' to be crushed to saidfaccs, and means for sustaining and revolvlng said die comprising a'sustalnlng traction face'dis posed radially of and revolving about said axis and sustaining and in driving connection with said die, and an axially adjustable traction roller having an edge traction face engaging said tract-ion face and sustaining it to tractionally drive it and revolving about an axis radially of said first axis.

21 In combination, a die revolving about an axis and having an annular crushing face, a crushing roll having a'peripheral crushing face acting impactively radially toward said face to crush materials between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, and means for revolving said die comprising a positioning traction face disposed radially of said die and revolving about said axis and positioning and in driving connection with said die, and an axially adjustable positioning traction roller revolving about an axis radially of said axis and having an edge traction face in tractional engagement with and positioning said traction face for tractionally driving it.

22. In combination, a die revolving about a substantially vertical axis and having an inner annular crushing face, a crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting impactively outwardly toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for supplying material tobe crushed to said faces, and horizontally adjustable weight sustaining tractional means for revolving said die vertically sustaining the weight of said vdie.

23. In combination, a radially movable di revolving about a substantially vertical axis and having .an inner annular crushing face, a crushing roll having a peripheralcrushing face acting outwardly radially toward said face to crush material between said faces,

face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for. supplying material to be crushed to said fac'es,and means for rotating said roll comprising a side traction face revolving about an axis, and an axially adjustable roller revolving about an axis radially of said first axis and having an edge traction face tractionally engaging said side face for revolving it.

25. In combination, a crushing die having an annular crushing face, a rotatable and revoluble crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for feeding material to be crushed to said faces, means for carrying said roll revolving about an approximately vertical axis, and means for revolving said carrying means comprising a tract-ion face in driving connection with said carrying means, and a traction roller tractionally engaging said face for tractionally revolving it.

26. In combination, a revolving die having an annular crushing face, a rotatable and revoluble crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, rotating means' for carrying said roll, and variable speed means for revolving saiddie.

27. In combination, a revolving die having an 'annularcrushing face, a rotatable and revoluble crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush.

material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, rotating means for carrying said roll, and

variable speed means for revolving said rotating means.

28: In combination, a. revolving die having an annular crushing face, a rotatable and revoluble crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, rotating means-for carrying said roll, and variable speed means for revolving said die and rotating means in reverse direction.

29. In combination, a revolving die having an annular crushing face, a rotatable and revoluble'crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush crush material between said faces, means for supplying material tobe crushed to said faces, means carrying said roll and rotating about said axis, tractional faces for revolving said die and carrying means respectively, and tractional rollers engaging said traction faces respectively for tractionally revolving and sustaining the weight of said die and said carrying means.

31. In combination, a die having an annular crushing face, a roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for supplying material to, be crushed to said faces, and means for revolving one of said parts comprising reversely revolving members each having a side traction face opposite and spaced from that of the other, and a revolving member between said members and having an edge traction face engaging tfmd tractionally driving said side traction aces.

32. In combination, a die having an anvolving parts and each having an edge traction face opposite and engaging said side traction faces respectively for tractionally transmitting motion from one to another thereof.

83. In combination, a die having an annular crushing face, a roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face tocrush material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, and means for revolving one of said parts comprising a member revolving about an axis and having a side traction face and members spaced about said axis and revolving about axes angular thereto each having an edge traction face tractionally engaging said. side face for transmitting motion from one to another of said members. I 34:. In combination, a die having an annular crushing face, a roll having a peripheral crushing face acting with a radial outward stress toward said face to crush material between said faces. meansfor supplying materialto be crushed to said faces, and means for revolving one of said parts comprising a member revolving about an axis and having a side traction face disposed in a plane parallel with the direction of such stress, and an axiallv adjustable member revolving about an axis angular to said first axis andhaving an edge traction face tractionally engaging said side face for transmitting motion thereto.

1 35. In combination, a horizontal revolving die having an annular crushing face within it for centrifugally holding on such face material to be crushed, a roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said annular face, and means controlled by the quantity of such .material centrifugally held on said annular face for varying the supply of such material to said faces. 86. In combination, a die having an annular crushing face, a movable rotatable and revolving roll having 1 a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush mate rial between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said annular face, and means moved by and revolving with said roll for automatically varying the supply of such material controlled by the movement of said roll toward said face.

37. In combination, ,means afi'ording a crushing chamber having a current inlet and a current outlet, means for feeding material to be crushed to said chamber, means for causing a fluid current to traverse said chamher from said inlet to said outlet, and current pressure operated feed varying means within said chamber and controlled by the pressure of said current adjacent to said inlet and comprising a movable feed gate for varying the supply of such material to said chamber anda movable current pressure operated wall adjacent to said inlet and actuating said gate with variations in such pressure.

38. In combination, means affording a crushing chamber having a current inlet and a current outlet means for supplying to said chamber material to be crushed, means for causing a fluid current to traverse said chamber from said inlet to and through said outlet, and current pressure operated supply varying means Within said chamber and controlled by the pressure of said current adjacent to said outlet and comprising a movable feed gate for varying the supply of such material to said chamber and a movable current pressure operated wall adjacent to said outlet and actuating said .gate with variations in such pressure.

39. In combination, means affording a crushing chamber having current ingress and egress passages, means for supplying material to be crushed to said chamber, means for varying suchsupply, and movable curr,ent pressure operated operating means for operating said varying means and comprising a movable pressure operated wall actuating said varying means and in communication at one side with the ingress side of said chamber and at another side with the egress side of said chamber and movable to adapt said operating means to difference in current conditions at the respective sides of said chamber. I

40. In, combination, a die having an annular crushing face, a centrifugal roll having a peripheralcrushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces,

means for revolving said roll, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, and means for stopping such supply actu-' ated by abnormal outward movement of said roll.

41.In combination, a horizontal revolving die having an inner crushing face for centrifugally holding on such face material to be crushed, a swinging roll within said die and having a peripheral crushing fa'ceacting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving said die, means for supplying material to be crushed between said faces, and movable shut-ofi means for stopping such supply controlled by the position of said roll and actingto shut 05 such supply when said roll swings outwardly excessively. v

42. In combination, a diehaving an inner crushing face, a movable roll within said die and having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for revolving said roll, means for supplying material to be crushed to said inner face, means for driving said revolving means, and means for disconnecting said drive means operated by excessive movement of said roll for disconnecting said driving means from driving connection with said revolving means to then stop revolution of said roll. a

43. In combination, means affording a crushing chamber, crushing elements within said chamber, means for revolving said elements, means for supplying material to be crushed to said chamber, means for driving said revolving means, drive disconnecting means for disconnecting said driving means from saidrevolving means, shut-off means for shutting ofi such supply, and operating means for operating said shut-0d means comprising a connection between said shut-0E means and said drive disconnecting means operating with said disconecting means to shut-off such supply when said driving means are disconnected.

44. In combination, a casing enclosing a chamber, a receptacle mounted within and in spaced relation to said casing and having up per and lower openings communicating with said chamber, crushing elements for supplying pulverulent material within sald receptac e. a revolving fan within said casing forcausing a fluid current to flow therein through and around said receptacle, annular revolving means comprising a revolving wall.

spaced from and below the under side of and separate from said fan, and means for revolving said wall.

45. In combination, a casingenclosing an outer chamber, a revolving receptacle withm and in spaced relation to said casing and enclosing an inner chamber and having upper are chamber, crushing elements for supplying pulverulent material within said receptacle and disposed above said lower opening, means for revolving said receptacle, and means for causing a fluid current to flow up inwardly of said crushing elements and up through and around saidreceptacle to float fine material therefrom into said outer chamber and to return through said lower opening.

, 46. In combination, a casing enclosing an outer chamber, a revolving receptacle within and in spaced relation to said casing and enclosing an inner-chamber and having upper and lower openings communicating with said chamber, means for revolving said receptacle crushing elements for supplying pulverulent material within said receptacle and disposed above said lower opening, a lower receptacle within said casing having an open upper end affording communication between said outer chamber and said lower opening, and means for causing a fluid current to circulate up inwardly of said crushing elements and up through said revolving receptacle into said chamber and return around and outwardly of said revolving receptacle and said elements and between said receptacles to said lower opening.

47. In combination a casing enclosing an outer chamber, a revolving receptacle within and in spaced relation to said casing and enclosing an inner chamber and having upper and lower openings communicating with said chamber, a lower receptacle within said casing having an open upper part spaced from said receptacle and afi'ording communication between said outer chamber and saidlower opening, crushing elements for supplying pul- .verulent material within said revolving ,re-

- ceptacle and disposed above said lower opening, means for causing a fluid current to flow up inwardly of said crushing elements and up through said revolving receptacle and into said outer chamber and return around and outwardly of said revolving receptacle and said elements and between said receptacles to said lower opening and filtering means in the path of such current for intercepting material floating therein toward said lower opening. f

48. In combination, a horizontal die having a substantially vertical inner crushing face, a roll revolving about a substantially vertical axis and within said die and having a substantially vertical peripheral crushing face acting horizontally toward said inner face .for crushing material between said faces, means for revolving said roll about a substantially vertical axis, means for supplying within said die material to be crushed in said die, annular outwardly and upwardly inclined conical revolving impelling refeeding means below said roll and below and inwardly of and having an outer edge in the plane ofthe lower edge of the inner crushing face of said die for receiving such material falling through said die and revolving and centrifugally impelling such material outwardly and upwardly on to the inner crushing face of said die and annular outwardly v a substantially vertical axis and having a substantially vertical inner crushing face, a rollrotatable about a substantially vertical axis and within said die and havinga sub stantially vertical peripheral crushing face acting horizontally toward such inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for revolving said die, means for supplying within said die material to be crushed in said die, annular outwardly and upwardly inclined conical revolving impelling refeeding means below said roll and below and inwardly of and having an outer edge in the plane of the lower edge of the inner crushing face of said die for receiving such material falling through said die andrevolving'and centrifugally impelling such material outwardly and upwardly on to the inner crushing face of said die and annular revolving downward refeeding means above said die and having a lower edge adjacent to and in the plane of the upper inner edge of said inner crushing face for receiving material rising from said die and refeeding such material downwardly on to the inner face of said die.

50. In combination, a horizontal die having a substantially vertical crushing face, a rotatable and revoluble roll for revolving about a substantially vertical axis within said die and having a substantially vertical peripheral crushing face acting horizontally toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for revolving said roll, means for supplying within said die material to be crushed in said die, refeeding means below the inner crushing face of said die for receiving such material falling through said die and refeeding such material outwardly and upwardly on to the inner crushing face of said die, and annular revolving downward refeeding means above said die and having a lower edge adjacent to and in the plane ofthe upper inner edge of said inner crushing face for receiving material rising from said die and refeeding such material downwardly on to the inner face of said die.

51. In combination, a revolving and radially movable horizontal die having a sub stantially vertical inner crushing face, a

crushingroll rotating about a substantially vertical axis and within said die andhaving positioning said a substantially vertical peripheral crushing face acting radially toward and exerting a crushing stress horizontally toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed in. said die, and means drivingly connected to said dieand as to which said die is radially movable for revolving said die about a substantially vertical axis.

52. In combination, a revolving and radially movable horizontal die having a substantially vertical inner crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll rotating about a sub stantially vertical axis and within said die and having a substantially vertical peripheral crushing face acting radially toward and exerting a crushing stress horizontally toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed in said die, means as to which said die is radially movable drivingly connected to said die for revolving it, and positioning means movably positioning said die radially relatively to said driving means.

53. In combination, a revolving horizontal die having a substantially vertical inner crushing face, a crushing roll rotating about a substantially vertical axis and within said die and having a substantially vertical peripheral crushing face acting radially toward and exerting a crushing stress horizontally outwardly toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed in said die, driving means drivingly connectedto said die for revolvin said die about a substantially vertical axis, and yielding means yielding in the direction of said stress for die relative to said driving means.

5 In combination, a die revolving about a substantially vertical axis and having an annular crushing face, a rotatable roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said faceto crush material between said faces, means for revolving said die, means for supplying material to be crushed to said'faces, means for causing a fluid current to flow up through, out over, down without, and return in under, said revolving die, to float fine material from said die, and meansaffording a revolving die encircling endless current passage extending up through, out over, down without, and in under, said revolving die, for conducting such current up through, out over, and down without, said revolving die, and for returning such current in under said revolving die.

55. In combination, means aflording a re volving crushing chamber, crushing elements in said chamber, means for revolving said chamber, means for supplying material to be crushed to said elements, means for causing a fluid current to flow in, through, out of, and down without, said revolving chamber, and to return under said revolving chamber, to float fine material from said chamber, and means affording a revolving crushing chamber encircling endless current pa-isage extending into and through, and out of, and down, without, and under, said revolving chamber, for conducting such current into and through and down without, said revolving chamber, and for returning such current under said revolving chamber.

56. In combination, a die revolving about a substantially vertical axis and having an annular crushing face, a rotatable roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces,

means for revolving said die, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, means for causing a fluid current to flow in an endless path up through, out over, down without, and in under, said revolving die to float fine material from said die, material intercepting means across said path for intercepting and conducting out of the zone of such'current fine material floating in such current and meansaflording a revolving die encircling endless current passage extending up through, out over, down without, and in under said revolving die, for con-ducting such current up through, out over, and down without, said revolving die and through said intercepting means, and for returning such current in under said revolving die.

57 In combination, an outer casing enclosing an outer chamber and having a downwardly inclined deflecting wall around the upper part of said chamber, means affording a crushing chamber within and in spaced relation to said outer casing and having a lower current inlet and an upper current outlet communicating with said outer chamber, crushing elements within said inner chamber, means for operating one of said elements, means for supplying material to be crushed to said elements, means affording an endless current passage extending up through, out over, down without, and returning in under said crushing chamber, and means for causing a fluid current to circulate through said passage to float fine material from said crush ing chamber comprising revolving fan blades between said chambers and within and opposite and encircled by said inclined deflecting wall for directing such current toward said wall to accelerate circulation of such current through said passage.

58. In combination, an outer casting enclosing an outer chamber and having a downwardly inclined deflecting wall above said chamber, a crushing die within and in spaced relation to said casing and having an annular crushing face disposed about a vertical axis and having a lower current inlet and. an upper current outlet communicating with said outer casing, means affording an endless current pasage up through, out over, down around, and in under, said die, a rotatable crushing roll having a peripheral crushing face acting toward said face to crush material between said faces, means for rotating said roll, means for supplying material to be crushed between said faces, and means for causing a fluid current to flow up through, out over, down without, and return in under, said die to float fine material from said' die, comprising revolving fan blades above said die and opposite and encircled by said de\- flecting wall for directing such current toward said deflecting wall to accelerate its circulation through said passage and having inclined outer edges substantially coinciding with the inclination of said deflecting wall and co-operating with the latter for circulating such current.- i

59. In comb'nation, a casing enclosing an outer chamber and having a downwardly inclined deflecting wall above and surrounding saidchamber, means within and in spaced relation to said casing affording a crushing chamber having a lower current inlet and an upper current outlet communicatingwith said outer chamber, crushing elements in said crushing chamber, means for operating one of said elements, means for supplying material to be crushed to said elements, and means forcausing a fluid current to flow up through, out over, down without, and return in under, said crushing chamber, to float fine material from the latter, com rising radially adjustable revolving fan b ades within and opposite and encircled by said deflecting wall for directing such current towards said deflecting wall to accelerate such circulation of such current, and adjustable relatively to said defleeting wall to vary such current.

60. In combination, a horizontally movable outer crushing member having an inner crushing face, a movable inner crushing member having an outer crushing face within said outer member and acting outwardly vwithin and movable horizontally relatively to'said outer casing, for vertically sustaining said outer member and permitting it to move horizontally within said casing in the direction of said stress.

61. In combination, a horizontally movable outer crushing member having an inner crushing face, a movable inner crushing element within said outer member and having opposed outwardly acting crushing faces within and exerting opposed outward crushing stresses toward said inner face 'to crush material between said inner and outer faces, means for operating said inner element, means for supplying material to be crushed by said faces, an outer casing around and spaced from said outer member, and as to which said outer member is horizontally movable, for movably enclosing said outer member, and an outer member sustainer on which said outer member is movably mounted and spaced from said outer casing, and as to which said outer member is horizontally movable, for vertically positioning said outer member and permitting its movement horizontally within said casing in the directions of said opposed stresses.

1 6-2. In combination, a horizontally movable outer crushing member having an inner annular crushing face, a movable inner crushing member having an outer annular crushing face within and exerting an outward crushing stress toward said inner face to crush material between said faces, means for moving said inner member, means for supplying material to be crushed by said faces, an outer casing around and spaced from said outer member, and as to which said outer member is horizontally movable, for movably enclosing said outer member, and a horizontally movable sustainer connection between said outer casing and said outer member, and

within and movably connected to said outer casing, and by which-said outer member is vertically sustained in spaced relation to said outer casing, and spaced within and horizontally movable as to said outer casing, for vertically supporting said outer member and permitting its horizontal movement within said outer casing in the direction of such stress.

63. In combination, a radially movable outer horizontal crushing member having an inner annular crushing face, arotary inner crushing member having a, peripheral crushingface within and acting radially outwardly toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed by said faces, means for rotating said inher member, an an-- nular outer casing around and spaced from said outer member, and as to which said outer member is radially movable, for movably enclosing said outer member, and a radially movable outer member sustainer for said outer member, within and spaced from and radially movablerelatively to said outer casing,

for vertically sustaining said outer member and permitting its radial movement within said casingin the direction of such stress.

64. In combination, a radially movable revoluble horizontal die having an internal annular crushing face disposed about a substantially vertical axis, a rotatable crushing roll rotatable about a substantially vertical 9 i axis and within and eccentric of said die and 'die'in the direction of'said stress.

65. In combination, a horizontally movable revoluble die having an annular internal crushing face disposed about a substantially vertical axis a rotatable crushing roll rotatable about a substantially vertical axis within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheralcrushing face acting toward and exerting a'gcrushing stress horizontally outwardly toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed to said faces, means for rotating said roll, and a horizontally movable sustainer for said horizontally movable revoluble die, by which said die is vertically and horizontally movably sustained, for vertically supporting said die relatively to said roll and permitting horizontal movement of said die in the direction of said stress.

66. In combination, a radially movable revoluble die having an annular internal crushing face disposed about a substantially vertical axis, a rotatable crushing rollrotatable about a substantially" vertical axis within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face acting toward and exerting a crushing stress horizontally nutwardly toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed by said faces,

means for rotating said roll, and a revoluble sustainer by which said radially movable revoluble dieis vertically sustained, and as to which said die is radially movable, for

'revolubly supporting said die and for permittin'g radial movement of said die in the direction of said stress. 7

67. In combination," 'a radially movable revoluble die having an annular internal crushing face disposed about an approximately vertical axis, a rotatable crushing roll rotatable about a substantially vertical axis within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face acting radially toward and exerting a crushin stress horizontally outwardly toward said inner face for crushing material between said faces,

' means for supplying material to be crushed by said faces, means for rotating said 'roll', and a revoluble and radially movable sustainer by which said die is vertically supported, for vertically supporting said die ing and permitting radial movement of said die in the direction of said stress.

68. In combination, a horizontal and movable die having an annular internal crushing face disposed about a substantially vertical axis, a rotatable crushing roll rotatable about a substantially vertical axis within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face acting radially toward and exerting a crushing stress horizontally outwardl toward said inner face for crushing materlal between said faces, means for supplying material to be crushed by said faces, means for rotating said roll, a casing around and spaced from said die, and affording an endless current passage extending up through, out over, down around, and returnin under, said movable die, and within which said die is movable, blower means for causing a fluid current to circulate through said passage and flow up through and down around, and to return in under, said die, to float fine material from said die, baflie means within sald casing and across said passage, and concentric of said die and as to which said die is movable, for intercepting and conducting out of the zone of such current fine material floating in such current, and die sustainer means concentric of said bafiie means and by which said die is vertically and movably sustained relatively to said baflie means, for vertically and movably sustaining said die relatively to said baflie means and to said outer casing.

69. In combination, a radially movable horizontally disposed crushing die having an internal annular face disposed about a substantially vertical axis, a rotatable crushing roll rotatable about a substantially vertical axis within and eccentric of said die and hav mg a peripheral crushing face acting with 1 an outward crushing stress toward said inner face to crush material between saidfaces, means for supplying material to be crushed by said faces, means for rotating said roll, means aflording an endless current passage extending up through, out over, down around, and returning in under said movable die, means for causing a fluid current to circulate through said passage and flow up through and down around and return in under said die to float fine material from said die, fine material intercepting means across said endless passage, and as to which said die is radially movable, for intercepting and conducting out of the zone of such current V

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