US3637977A - Vaporizer for disinfection chambers - Google Patents

Vaporizer for disinfection chambers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3637977A
US3637977A US26601A US3637977DA US3637977A US 3637977 A US3637977 A US 3637977A US 26601 A US26601 A US 26601A US 3637977D A US3637977D A US 3637977DA US 3637977 A US3637977 A US 3637977A
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United States
Prior art keywords
channel
vaporizing
heating
vaporizer
disinfectant
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Expired - Lifetime
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US26601A
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English (en)
Inventor
Carl Tage Evert Folke
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Vibrasug AB
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Vibrasug AB
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
    • G05D11/02—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material
    • G05D11/13—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D11/131—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring the values related to the quantity of the individual components

Definitions

  • Said vaporizing means comprises a feedback air conduit defining an elongate vaporizing channel secured at one end to a vaporizing chamber and being free to expand at its opposite free end as a result of electrical heating of said channel so as to actuate electric switch means for breaking and closing the electric heating current, respectively, at a predetermined temperature of said channel.
  • disinfection of bedding, clothing and the like normally is carried out on a large scale in such a way that the objects to the disinfected are placed in a closed disinfection chamber where air containing disinfectant, for example formalin, is allowed to pass through them in vaporized form.
  • the liquid is intimately and homogeneously mixed with the air as otherwise it easily becomes separated and forms patches of moisture on the objects to be disinfected. Apart from the fact that disinfection is thus deteriorated, an unpleasant odor arises which cannot be removed from the objects within a reasonable time by subsequent airing.
  • the disinfectant is usually a liquid in which water is the solvent, as is the case with formalin, for example, which consists of formaldehyde dissolved in water.
  • formalin for example, which consists of formaldehyde dissolved in water.
  • formaldehyde itself is easy to vaporize, the water requires considerably more heat to reach this state. It is obviously uneconomic and time-consuming to heat the entire quantity of disinfectant only to use a small quantity thereof on each occasion. Neither is it possible to force the heating process usually, among other things because the disinfectant vapor is flammable and combustion of the entire quantity might have catastrophic results.
  • the vaporization must therefore be carried out in limited doses for each disinfection occasion, with absolutely no risk of combustion.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide a vaporizer having such effect combined with rapid vaporization.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate different alternatives for arranging a vaporizer according to the invention in a disinfection chamber system
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a vaporizer and its control means applied in accordance with FIG. I, seen in section from the side,
  • FIG. 4 shows a vaporizer arranged in accordance with FIG. 2, seen in section from the side,
  • FIG. 5 shows the same vaporizer in section along the line V--V in FIG. 4 and FIGS. 6 and 7 reveal control means for this vaporizer, seen from the side and from above, respectively.
  • the device comprises a closed disinfection chamber 1 and a fan 2 with suction conduit 3 and pressure conduit 4, the latter leading to the open air and through a branch conduit 5, communicating with one end of the vaporizer 6 located outside the disinfection chamber.
  • the vaporizer has an outlet 7 to said chamber.
  • An elongate vaporizing channel 8 is arranged in the vaporizing chamber and is firmly attached at one end to one end 9 of the vaporizer defining said channel 8.
  • the other end 10 of the channel is slidable along the bottom 11 of the vaporizing chamber to permit adjustments of its length.
  • the bottom 12 of the channel contains at least one electric heating element 13.
  • Liquid disinfectant for example, formalin
  • the heating element 13 is connected to a first electric circuit 17 including switches 18 and 18a; the motor 16 is connected to a second electric circuit 19 including switches 18b.
  • the latter switches break the current when a pressure pin 20a, 20b, is pressed in and close the circuit when the pressure ceases.
  • a lever 21 is pivotable in a link 22 and actuated by a spring 23 so as to maintain pressure pin 20b in press-in position.
  • the current to the pump motor 16 is broken by the switch 181:.
  • the switch 18a is closed so that the current to the heating element 13 is broken only at the switch 18.
  • the vaporizer is started and operated in the following way: when the fan 2 is started the switch 18 closes, whereupon the vaporizing channel 8 is heated quickly so as to expand.
  • the dosing pump 15 starts when the channel has acquired sufficient length, at the required temperature for effective vaporization. The capacity of the dosing pump is thus adjusted to correspond as closely as possible to the quantity of disinfectant which per time unit is calculated to be vaporized in the channel at this temperature.
  • the balance must be maintained between the heat supplied through the heating element and the heat which is absorbed in the vaporizer by the disinfectant being heated and vaporized and also be the air flowing through which is heated and will absorb the vaporized disinfectant. Disturbances in this balance result in temperature fluctuations and consequently in alterations of the length of the vaporizing channel. It is extremely important that the temperature is not permitted to exceed a certain value, and most of all that it will not reach the ignition temperature of the disinfectant.
  • FIGS. 47 A further embodiment of the vaporizer according to FIG. 2, operating in principle in a similar manner and built into a top comer of the disinfection chamber 1, is illustrated in FIGS. 47.
  • the vaporizing chamber is included between a part of the top 1a of the disinfection chamber, covered by an insulating layer 25, and a U-channel 26 having heat-insulating walls.
  • the vaporizing chamber is closed at its inlet end by means of an attachment plate 27 for the vaporizing channel 8 for preventing air and disinfectant from escapingat the end wall lb of the disinfection chamber.
  • the end wall engages this attachment plate 27 as well as an opposite plate 28.
  • the vaporizing chamber is completely open to the disinfectant chamber so that the outlet 7 (FIG. 3) may be omitted.
  • the vaporizing channel 8 comprises three horizontal tubes 30 of steel welded together longitudinally side by side so that two tubes at the same level will define the sides of the channel while a tube at a lower level between them will define the bottom 12 of the channel.
  • Each tube is open at one end and welded to the attachment plate in a boring therethrough. At its other free end the tube is closed by a plug 31 and an end plate 32 for the channel.
  • a heating element 13 In each tube there is a heating element 13.
  • the pressure rod 24 is provided inside another, small tube 33 welded to the lower tube 30 .
  • the pressure rod is made of a material, for example invar, which in relation to the steel in the channel has very little coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the free end of the pressure rod will follow the movement of the end plate 32 so that it will move towards and away from the attachment plate 27 as the temperature increases or decreases, respectively, in the vaporizing channel.
  • this effect is made use of in the same way as in the previous embodiment in cooperation with the control means located at the inlet end of the vaporizer.
  • the conduit 14 for the disinfectant also passes through this plate.
  • a similar conduit 14a is intended to supply an odor-neutralizing substance, for example ammonia to neutralize formalin, after completion of the disinfection process.
  • the control means according to FIGS. 6 and 7 comprise at one side of the flange 29 the breaker 18a and members cooperating therewith to control the electric circuit 17 for the heating elements, and at the opposite side of the same flange the switch 18b and the means cooperating therewith to control the electric circuit 19 of the pump motor (see FIG. 3).
  • a lever 21 is pivotable about a peg 22 attached to the flange, one end of said lever being urged against the pressure rod 24 by means of a spring 230, whereas the other end of the lever is spaced from the pressure pin 20a of the switch, which thus will be closed as described in connection with FIG. 3.
  • the switch, 18b operates in the opposite way.
  • a lever 21b is maintained urged against the lever 21a at one end with a lip 34, opposite to the pressure pin 24 by means of a spring 23b, while the other end of the lever is at a shorter distance from the pressure pin 20b than the distance of the lever 21a to the pressure pin 20a.
  • the arrangement operates as follows: when the switch 18 (F IG. 3) closes and the temperature of the vaporizing channel increases so that the pressure rod 24 moves towards the attachment plate 27, both levers initially will follow this movement. Thus, the first lever 21b will press in the pressure pin 20b so that the dosing pump will start and the lever will remain in this position even if the movement of the pressure rod continues, the lever 21a continuing alone until the pressure pin 20a is also pressed in by this lever so that the current to the heating elements 13 is interrupted. If in this position the current also is interrupted by the switch 18, the procedure will be reversed and the parts will return to the starting position. Thus, the device operates in the same way as according to FIG. 3.
  • switches 18a and 18b comprise cradles 35 arranged to pivot about a peg 36 and to be locked by means of a locking screw 37.
  • a screw 38 By means of a screw 38 they can be set in different pivoting positions setting different distances between the cooperating levers 21a or 21b and the pressure pins 20a or 20b in the starting position, i.e., when the vaporizer is cold.
  • the basic principle in the two examples illustrated is that the vaporizing channel is used directly as mechanical impulse means to control its temperature, thus providing a considerably more rapid and reliable impulse transmission to the switching system than a temperature impulse in heat-conducting contact with a limited part of the channel.
  • a vaporizer for disinfectant liquid in disinfection plants comprisin fan means for drawing air from a closed disinfectron cham er and means for mixing said air with disinfectant during circulation of said air back to said disinfection chamber, the provision of an elongate vaporizing chamber being a part of a feedback conduit for the air end enclosing a similarly elongate vaporizing channel of heat-conducting material, electric elements for heating said channel, means for securing said channel firmly at one end into said vaporizing chamber while its opposite end is free to expand as a result of the electric heating means at said free end of the channel to actuate an electric switch connected in a normally closed elec tric circuit of said heating elements so as to break the current when during heating of said channel the temperature thereof reaches a'predetermined value and to close the circuit again when the temperature falls below this predetermined value.
  • Vaporizer according to claim 1 comprising a dosing pump driven by an electric motor for the supply of disinfectant liquid to the vaporizing channel through a supply conduit for this liquid, the free end of said vaporizing channel being movable under the action of the heating process to actuate a normally open switch included in the electric circuit of the motor, in order to close this circuit when the channel, during heat thereof, reaches a temperature at which the vaporization of the disinfection liquid is to take place.
  • Vaporizer according to claim 1 wherein the movement of the free end of the vaporizing channel is transmitted to said switch by means of a pressure rod attached to this end, the movement of the rod being stepped up by a lever and transferred to the actuating means of said switch.
  • Vaporizer according to claim 3 which is closed in longitudinal direction at its outlet end at which the free end of the vaporizing channel and an outlet for the air are located, wherein said pressure rod extends as an extension of the vaporizing channel from the vaporizer to abut against said lever.
  • Vaporizer according to claim 3 of the type which is open in longitudinal direction at its outlet end at which the free end of the vaporizing channel is situated, but is closed at its opposite end at which inlet means for the air are situated and at which said vaporizing channel is attached said pressure rod extending in opposite direction to the direction of said channel extension, out of the vaporizer at the inlet end to about against said lever, said pressure rod consisting of a material, which has very small coefficient of thermal expansion in relation to the material of said vaporizing channel.
  • Vaporizer according to claim 1 wherein the vaporizing channel comprises tubes running in the longitudinal direction of the channel and being closely welded together so that at least one tube forms the bottom of the channel and at least two other tubes form each of the long sides of the channel and that each of the tubes contains an electric heating element.
  • a vaporizer for use in disinfection plants, an enclosed, elongate vaporizing chamber with an inlet for air and an outlet for air mixed with disinfectant, an elongate channel of heat conducting material for holding liquid disinfectant, one end of said channel being fixed to a wall of said chamber and other end of said channel being free to move upon expansion of the material of the channel, electrical means for heating said channel to vaporize disinfectant therein, a rigid element mechanically secured to the free end of the channel for movement therewith upon expansion of the channel in response to heating of the channel, an electrical switch positioned for actuation by an end of said rigid element only when the channel has been expanded by heating to a predetermined temperature, said switch being effective upon actuation to shut off the fio w of electricity to said electrical heating means, thereby thermostatically controlling the temperature of the channel of the disinfectant.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
US26601A 1969-04-09 1970-04-08 Vaporizer for disinfection chambers Expired - Lifetime US3637977A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE05003/69A SE349477B (de) 1969-04-09 1969-04-09

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US3637977A true US3637977A (en) 1972-01-25

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US (1) US3637977A (de)
CA (1) CA919756A (de)
DE (1) DE2016698C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2038341B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1269184A (de)
SE (1) SE349477B (de)
SU (1) SU388387A3 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4336329A (en) * 1979-06-18 1982-06-22 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Method and apparatus for treatment of biological substances, particularly for cultivation of biological cells and tissues, or of microorganisms
US4668854A (en) * 1985-08-13 1987-05-26 Napco Scientific Company Humidification system
US5258162A (en) * 1989-11-07 1993-11-02 Tetra Alfa Holdings S.A. Method of producing a gaseous hydrogen peroxide-containing sterilization fluid
US20040096369A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Bie Daoting Dispensing device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE423488C (sv) * 1977-10-17 1984-10-15 Electrolux Ab Sett och anordning for sterilisering med formalin
GB2225251B (en) * 1988-10-17 1992-04-08 Secr Defence Thermal vapour generator

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1035676A (en) * 1910-09-01 1912-08-13 Samuel Baruch Disinfecting and sponging apparatus.
US1446994A (en) * 1921-06-13 1923-02-27 Leo E Koehler Evaporator
US2201389A (en) * 1939-08-26 1940-05-21 Give Louis P De Moisture box
US2244180A (en) * 1941-06-03 Electric incense vaporizer
US2662332A (en) * 1950-10-16 1953-12-15 George W Mcintire Insecticide fogger
DE937912C (de) * 1954-02-19 1956-01-19 Helga Winkels Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Desinfektion von Raeumen
US3298674A (en) * 1965-05-10 1967-01-17 Honeywell Inc Air treating apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2244180A (en) * 1941-06-03 Electric incense vaporizer
US1035676A (en) * 1910-09-01 1912-08-13 Samuel Baruch Disinfecting and sponging apparatus.
US1446994A (en) * 1921-06-13 1923-02-27 Leo E Koehler Evaporator
US2201389A (en) * 1939-08-26 1940-05-21 Give Louis P De Moisture box
US2662332A (en) * 1950-10-16 1953-12-15 George W Mcintire Insecticide fogger
DE937912C (de) * 1954-02-19 1956-01-19 Helga Winkels Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Desinfektion von Raeumen
US3298674A (en) * 1965-05-10 1967-01-17 Honeywell Inc Air treating apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4336329A (en) * 1979-06-18 1982-06-22 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Method and apparatus for treatment of biological substances, particularly for cultivation of biological cells and tissues, or of microorganisms
US4668854A (en) * 1985-08-13 1987-05-26 Napco Scientific Company Humidification system
US5258162A (en) * 1989-11-07 1993-11-02 Tetra Alfa Holdings S.A. Method of producing a gaseous hydrogen peroxide-containing sterilization fluid
US20040096369A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Bie Daoting Dispensing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1269184A (en) 1972-04-06
SU388387A3 (de) 1973-06-22
DE2016698B2 (de) 1979-03-15
FR2038341B1 (de) 1973-07-13
FR2038341A1 (de) 1971-01-08
CA919756A (en) 1973-01-23
DE2016698C3 (de) 1979-11-08
DE2016698A1 (de) 1970-10-15
SE349477B (de) 1972-10-02

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