US3635123A - Bolt accelerator - Google Patents

Bolt accelerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3635123A
US3635123A US814084A US3635123DA US3635123A US 3635123 A US3635123 A US 3635123A US 814084 A US814084 A US 814084A US 3635123D A US3635123D A US 3635123DA US 3635123 A US3635123 A US 3635123A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bolt
barrel
recoil
receiver
counterrecoil
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US814084A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard H Colby
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General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
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Publication of US3635123A publication Critical patent/US3635123A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/02—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated
    • F41A5/08—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated having an accelerator lever acting on the breech-block or bolt during the opening movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means

Definitions

  • H/LS Attorney PATENTED M18872 3,635 123 in van t or icharo A. 60/15 HAS A z: torney [n ven tor Ejchard H Colby by j,
  • a feature of this invention is the provision of a machine gun having a receiver with a cam slot in a wall thereof, a barrel extension riding in said receiver, a bolt riding in said receiver and projecting into said barrel extension and having a control surface, and a bolt accelerator having a pivot element journaled to said barrel extension, a first roller traveling in said receiver cam slot, and a second roller riding on said bolt control surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine gun embodying this invention:
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the subassemblies of the machine gun of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross section in elevation of the middle length of the gun of FIG. 1 showing the bolt in battery;
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross section in elevation of the aft length of the gun of FIG. 1 showing the bolt on sear;
  • FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a detent of the barrel extension assembly showing the locking lugs for the bolt of the gun of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a left inboard view in elevation of a detail of the receiver assembly showing the bolt accelerator and its receiver cam plate of the gun of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the bolt assembly of the gun of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a transverse cross section in elevation of the bolt assembly of the gun of FIG. 1, taken through the electrical firing pin circuit;
  • FIG. 9 is a top plan view of a detent of the receiver assembly of the gun of FIG. 1 showing the electrical contact for the electrical firing pin circuit of the bolt;
  • FIG. 10 is a right side view in elevation of the right feed drive cam plate of the gun of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the feeder drive assembly of the gun of FIG. I;
  • FIG. 12 is a transverse cross section in plane XllXll of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 13 elevation taken along FIG. 13 is a transverse cross section in plane XIII-XIII of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 14 is a top plan view of the feeder of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 15 is a right side view in elevation of the feeder assembly of FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is a front view in elevation of the feeder assembly of FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is a front view in elevation of the feeder assembly of FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 17 is a transverse cross section in elevation taken along plane XVlI-XVII of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 18 is a right side view in elevation of a detail of the locking cam assembly of the gun of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 19 is a bottom plan view of a detail of the locking cam assembly of FIG. 18.
  • the embodiment shown in the drawing includes a receiver assembly 10, a barrel assembly 12, a barrel extension assembly 14, a bolt assembly 16, a bolt accelerator assembly 18, a bolt buffer and sear assembly 20, a backplate assembly 22, a locking cam assembly 24, a feeder assembly 26, two barrel recoil spring assemblies 28 and a bolt recoil spring assembly 30.
  • the barrel assembly 12 includes a flash suppressor 32 threaded onto its forward end.
  • the exterior of the aft end of the barrel has a plurality of interrupted threads 34, a clockwise dead end slot 36; and the medial portion has a longitudinal slot 38.
  • the barrel also has a longitudinal, rifled bore 40, a transitional bore enlargement 42, and a chamber 44.
  • the barrel extension assembly 14 includes a forward annular portion 46, left and right medial, longitudinally extending, spaced-apart, vertical web portions 48, 50, and a rear, arched portion 52 all defining a central, vertical aperture.
  • the forward portion 46 has a longitudinal bore 54 with interrupted threads 56 (to engage the barrel threads 34), and a radial pin 58 (to be received by the barrel dead end slot 36).
  • the forward portion also has a cross slot 60 in which a crank arm detent 62 is pivotally mounted with its left arm 64 normally biased outwardly by a spring 66. Its right arm 68 is biased inwardly and is adapted to be deflected by the barrel to bring in the left arm.
  • Each side of the arched portion 52 has a respective rearwardly extending arm 74 pivotally mounting a respective cam roller 76.
  • the left web portion 48 also has a cutout surface 78 and a transverse blind bore 80.
  • the bolt accelerator assembly 18 includes a triangular plate 82 (lying in the cutout surface 78) having an inwardly directed transverse pivot pin 84 (joumaled in the blind bore an inwardly directed cam roller 86 and an outwardly directed cam roller 88.
  • Each web portion 48, 50 also has a respective cutout 90, 92 to receive, journal and support a respective locking lug 94, 96.
  • Each lug has a substantially cylindrically shaped rear portion or knuckle 98 having a vertical axis which is joumaled in a mating cylindrical cutout subportion 100 in the respective cutout portion.
  • Each lug is supported vertically by the floor 102 of its respective cutout.
  • Each lug has a vertical, upwardly extending cam follower 104.
  • the receiver assembly 10 includes a forward annular portion 106, a medial portion 108 of U cross section, a rear portion 110 and a bottom aperture 111.
  • the forward portion 106 has a rear internal flange portion 112 and a forward internally threaded portion 1 14 which receives the mating threaded portion 115 of a perforated barrel support and cooling jacket 116.
  • An Edgewater multiring compression spring 118 serving as the barrel buffer, is captured between two collars 120, 122, which in turn are captured between the flange portion 1 l2 and the tube portion 115.
  • Each sidewall of the receiver has a lower bolt guide slot 124 and an upper barrel extension guide slot 126 (to receive the ribs 70, 72).
  • a cross piece 127 intercon- 5 nects the upper aft ends of the sidewalls.
  • the left sidewall has has a forward guide rib a cam slot 128 (to receive the accelerator roller 88).
  • the cam slot has a medial concave sloped portion 130 interconnecting an anterior portion with a posterior portion.
  • the wall of the receiver may be cut to receive interchangeable cam plates 132 having a desired cam slot.
  • a spring loaded latch 133 is mounted at the forward end of the jacket to engage the slot 38 in the barrel.
  • a left feed cam plate 134 and a right feed cam plate 136 are externally pivotally mounted at 138, 140 respectively to the left and right sidewalls of the rear portion 110 of the receiver.
  • Each cam plate has a respective cam slot 142 (to receive the barrel extension cam roller 76).
  • Each cam plate has a travel limiting slot 144 which receives a limit pin 146 fixed to the respective sidewall.
  • Each cam plate also has a cam slot 148 for oscillating a feed drive 150 which includes a crank shaft 152 which is joumaled through the sidewalls of the receiver and has end cam pins 154 respectively mating with the two cam slots 148.
  • the shaft 152 carries two, outer, spring loaded, downwardly driving, plungers 156 and two, inner spring loaded, upwardly driving, plungers 158, for driving the feeder assembly 26.
  • the backplate 22 supports the bolt buffer and sear assembly 20 and the solenoid trigger (not shown), and is secured to the rear of the receiver.
  • the bolt buffer and sear assembly 20 includes a plate 160 170a, a tubular boss 162 which is internally threaded to receive a buffer cap bolt 164.
  • a multiring, bolt bufi'er spring 166 is captured between an annular front buffer cap 168 and an annular, rear buffer cap 170, which are secured to the plate by the bolt 164, and enclosed by a dust cover 172.
  • the rear buffer cap 170 includes a downwardly extending plate portion 170a, onto which is mounted a sear carrier 174 having a bottom portion and two sidewall portions.
  • the bolt sear 176 is mounted to the carrier by a sear pin 178 and has its forward hook 176a biased upwardly by a sear spring 180.
  • the rear of the sear 176b extends rearwardly of the backplate and is adapted to be pulled upwardly to trigger the sear.
  • the bolt assembly 16 here shown, is adapted to electrically fire ammunition.
  • the assembly includes a bolt 182 having a left sidewall 184, a right sidewall 186, a front transverse wall 188, a rear transverse column 190 and a central aperture 191.
  • a front guide rib 192 and a rear guide rib 194 extend from the right sidewall and mate with the receiver lower right guide slot 124.
  • a front guide rib 196 and two spaced-apart rear guide ribs 198, 200 extend from the left sidewall and mate with the receiver lower left guide slot 124.
  • a front guide rib 202 extends from the left sidewall between the ribs 196, 198, and provides an anterior, longitudinal cam surface adapted to support the inwardly directed cam roller 86 of the accelerator assembly.
  • the slot 204 defined between the ribs 198, 200 provides a lacuna in said cam surface which is adapted to clear the cam roller 86, and a step-block 206 formed on the rib 200 provides a posterior, transverse cam surface for said cam roller.
  • a downwardly directed bolt hook 208 extends rearwardly from the column 190 and is adapted to engage the sear hook 176a.
  • a rammer is formed as a projection 210 on top of the column 190.
  • An extractor 212 having an upwardly directed hook is disposed in a longitudinal bore 214 in the column, is captured by and pivotal about a cross pin 216, and is biased upwardly by a spring loaded plunger assembly 218.
  • a firing pin 220 is spring loaded in a transverse insulated bore in the column and connected to an insulated contact 222. When the bolt is in its forward, battery position, the contact 222 is adapted to engage a spring loaded insulated contact 223 projecting inwardly from the right sidewall of the receiver, to provide a path for firing current to the primer of the round of ammunition.
  • the feeder assembly 26 here shown, provides for selective, alternative feed from either of two supplies of ammunition, and is driven by the feed drive 150 built into the rear of the receiver housing.
  • the feeder assembly comprises a U-shaped housing including a front wall 224, and a rear wall 226, in-
  • a left-hand splined shaft 236 and a right-hand splined shaft 238 are joumaled through and between the front and rear walls 224, 226.
  • a top connecting bar 240 extends between the front and rear walls 224, 226 and includes a front, transverse ammunition guide plate 242 and a rear, transverse ammunition guide plate 242 and a rear, transverse ammunition guide plate 244.
  • the edge of the plate 244 includes a lip 244a adapted to abut the rear of the round ammunition.
  • the interior surfaces of the sideplates 232, 234 include appropriate slots 235 to receive and guide the ammunition links, not shown.
  • a respective front, short hook shaped ammunition guide 246 extends upwardly outwardly from each tray 228, 230, and a respective rear, long hook shaped ammunition guide and link stripper 248 extends upwardly outwardly from each tray 228, 230.
  • a respective front, four hooked sprocket 250, and a respective rear, four hooked sprocket 252 are fixed on each shaft 236, 238.
  • a respective eight toothed ratchet wheel 256 is fixed on the front end of each shaft 236, 238, and is dogged by a ratchet 258 which is biased by a spring loaded plunger 260.
  • a respective eight toothed drive-ratchet wheel 262 having a base flange 2620 is slidably splined onto each shaft 236, 238.
  • a switch plate 264 is pivotally mounted to the top bar 240 and has two fork structures, each engaging a respective base flange 262a, whereby the plate is adapted to move either the right-hand wheel rearwardly into engagement with the right-hand driving plungers 156, 158, and the lefthand wheel forwardly, out of engagement; or the left-hand wheel rearwardly into engagement with the left-hand driving plungers 156, 158 and the right-hand wheel forwardly, out of engagement.
  • Two depressor springs 266, are fixed to a block 268 which is integral with the top bar 240, encircle a respective shaft 236, 238, and extend between the front and rear sprockets.
  • the front and rear depressor guides 270, 272 are spring loaded in vertical bores in said block and extend downwardly over the tray aperture. In operation, a left-hand belt of ammunition is fed into the left-hand sprockets, and a right-hand belt of ammunition is fed into the right-hand sprockets.
  • the hook arms on the right-hand sprockets engage the next successive round of ammunition, drawing it downwardly between the guide plates, with the long guide hookstripper separating the clip from the round on the recoil impulse, and delivering the round against the depressor spring.
  • the round On the recoil impulse, the round is pushed by the next successive round past the depressor springs and past the depressor guides onto the tray aperture.
  • the rammer projection of the bolt rides up through and along the tray aperture and pushes the round up against the depressor guides as it passes thereunder.
  • the width of the tray aperture is narrower towards the rear, and widens forwardly.
  • the left-hand operation of the feeder is mirror symmetrical to the above described right-hand operation.
  • the stripped clip passes out of feeder through a short chute 283.
  • a cover plate and locking cam assembly 24 is mounted on the receiver assembly, forward of the feeder assembly.
  • the rear underside of the plate 284 has two spaced-apart cam slots 286 which respectively receive the cam followers 104 of the locking lugs 94, 96.
  • the cam slots swing the locking lugs outwardly, into their seats, to permit rearward movement of the bolt.
  • the cam slots swing the locking lugs inwardly, from their seats, behind the bolt, to lock the bolt forward.
  • a conical cavity 288 is formed into the rear underside of the plate between the cam slots, and serves to guide the round of ammunition downwardly, towards the gun barrel axis, as the round is moved forwardly along the tray aperture by the bolt rammer.
  • Two barrel recoil springs 28 are disposed in respective longitudinal blind bores in the barrel extension.
  • One bolt recoil spring 30 is disposed in a respective longitudinal blind bore in the bolt. The three springs are compressed in recoil against the backplate 22.
  • the barrel extension and barrel assemblies are held stationary by the accelerator assembly which is locked against rotation by virtue of its fixed pivot 84 in the barrel extension, the cam roller 88 being held up in the upper portion 128 of the accelerator cam slot in the receiver, and the cam roller 86 being held by the cam surface of the intermediate rib 202 on the bolt.
  • the intermediate rib rides along under the cam roller 86 until the slot 204 is under the cam roller 86, clearing the accelerator assembly for rotation.
  • the cam slots 286 in the stationary cover plate engage the cam followers 104 and swing the locking lugs 94, 96 out of their pockets in the moving barrel extension into their locking position behind the relatively stationary bolt, to lock the bolt behind the chambered round.
  • firing current passes through the bolt to the firing pin 220, to fire the chambered, locked round.
  • the locked together bolt and barrel extension and barrel assemblies recoil together, permitting the gas pressure in the barrel to decay until the cam slots in the stationary cover plate engage the cam followers 104 and swing the locking lugs 94, 96 into their pockets in the moving barrel extension to unlock the relatively stationary bolt.
  • the accelerator cam roller rides up the accelerator cam slot 130 in the stationary receiver, swinging the accelerator plate 82 and causing the accelerator cam roller 86 to drive the step block 206 and the bolt rearwardly with respect to the barrel extension assembly.
  • Any suitable charging device may be coupled to the bolt assembly through a longitudinal slot through the left sidewall of the receiver assembly.
  • An at least partly self acting gun comprising:
  • a barrel disposed for recoil and countcrrecoil travel through a forward distance and an aft distance in said receiver
  • a bolt disposed for recoil and counterrecoil travel through a forward distance and aft distance in said receiver for chambering and locking a round of ammunition
  • a bolt accelerator means including:
  • a third element following said bolt second cam surface means fixing said first, second and third elements in a mutual fixed relationship and said bolt second cam surface including additional means for coupling and uncoupling said third element to and from said bolt second cam surface for respective constrained and unconstrained relative movement.
  • said bolt accelerator means being operative during recoil and counterrecoil travel through their respective forward distances for intercoupling said bolt and said barrel for longitudinally constrained relative movement wherein longitudinal movement of said bolt is a direct function of the movement of said barrel, and being operative during recoil and counterrecoil travel through their respective aft distances for uncoupling said bolt from said barrel for unconstrained relative movement and for providing transfers of momentum therebetween.
  • said bolt accelerator means having a mode of operation wherein:
  • said bolt accelerator means intercouples said barrel and said bolt which recoil together for an initial, predetermined distance until said bolt accelerator means uncouples and accelerates said bolt from and with respect to said barrel, said bolt traveling freely its remaining recoil distance until it is halted in its recoil aft position, and said barrel traveling freely its remaining recoil distance until it is halted in its recoil aft position;
  • said barrel when said bolt commences its counterrecoil, said barrel remains halted in its recoil aft position with said bolt traveling freely for an initial, predetermined distance until said bolt accelerator means locks said bolt to said barrel, decelerating said bolt and accelerating said barrel to a common velocity for counterrecoil together.
  • a bolt buffer and recoil spring assembly for decelerating said bolt from recoil and for accelerating said bolt into counterrecoil
  • a barrel buffer and recoil spring assembly for decelerating said barrel from recoil and for accelerating said barrel into counterrecoil, and for decelerating said barrel and aid bolt from counterrecoil.
  • An at least partly self-acting gun which comprises, in
  • a barrel disposed for recoil and counterrecoil movement in said receiver
  • said gun having a longitudinal axis along which said barrel and said bolt travel in recoil and counterrecoil;
  • said bolt accelerator means includes:
  • a posterior portion having an axis which is parallel to said gun longitudinal axis and transversely spaced from said axis of said anterior portion
  • a cam surface on said bolt which includes:
  • a posterior portion having an axis which is transverse to said gun longitudinal axis
  • a bolt accelerator assembly which includes:
  • said bolt includes a posteriorly directed bolt hook adapted to engage a sear hook at the end of recoil travel.
  • said bolt accelerator includes a plate having said first, second and third elements fixed thereto on respective, parallel, spaced-apart first, second and third axes.
  • said second element includes a roller journaled for rotation about said second axis and having a diameter substantially equal to the width of said cam slot of said receiver.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
US814084A 1969-04-07 1969-04-07 Bolt accelerator Expired - Lifetime US3635123A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81408469A 1969-04-07 1969-04-07

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US3635123A true US3635123A (en) 1972-01-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US814084A Expired - Lifetime US3635123A (en) 1969-04-07 1969-04-07 Bolt accelerator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3635123A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4944520B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH543721A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2016281A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2043039A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1295481A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4269109A (en) * 1979-03-27 1981-05-26 Ares, Inc. Open-framework receiver automatic cannon
US20140260944A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Christ Stratis Gryparis Lock interface insert for machine gun bolt assembly
US20150040455A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2015-02-12 Krl Holding Company, Inc. Firearm assembly with upper receiver incorporating an integral upper rail
US9188400B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2015-11-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy System and method for charging a weapon

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100296809B1 (ko) * 1993-10-08 2001-10-24 에른스트 마흐 라이터, 헬무트 바로이테르 자동 장전식 유탄 발사기
US5691497A (en) * 1993-10-08 1997-11-25 Heckler & Koch Self-loading grenade launcher
DE102005038133B3 (de) * 2005-08-11 2007-05-03 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Waffe und Kühlanordnung für eine Waffe

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190113045A (en) * 1901-06-26 1902-06-25 Clifford Robert Stephen Halle Improvement in Automatic Fire Arms.
US1293021A (en) * 1916-10-13 1919-02-04 John M Browning Automatic machine-gun.
DE557077C (de) * 1931-07-12 1932-08-18 Mauser Werke Ag Selbstladewaffe
US2973693A (en) * 1959-10-07 1961-03-07 Richard H Colby Loading, firing and unloading mechanism for a firearm with a laterally actuated breech closure
US3234850A (en) * 1961-06-02 1966-02-15 Brevet Aero Mecaniques S A Breech mechanisms for automatic firearms having a recoiling tube

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190113045A (en) * 1901-06-26 1902-06-25 Clifford Robert Stephen Halle Improvement in Automatic Fire Arms.
US1293021A (en) * 1916-10-13 1919-02-04 John M Browning Automatic machine-gun.
DE557077C (de) * 1931-07-12 1932-08-18 Mauser Werke Ag Selbstladewaffe
US2973693A (en) * 1959-10-07 1961-03-07 Richard H Colby Loading, firing and unloading mechanism for a firearm with a laterally actuated breech closure
US3234850A (en) * 1961-06-02 1966-02-15 Brevet Aero Mecaniques S A Breech mechanisms for automatic firearms having a recoiling tube

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4269109A (en) * 1979-03-27 1981-05-26 Ares, Inc. Open-framework receiver automatic cannon
US20150040455A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2015-02-12 Krl Holding Company, Inc. Firearm assembly with upper receiver incorporating an integral upper rail
US9217615B2 (en) * 2002-05-10 2015-12-22 Krl Holding Company, Inc. Firearm assembly with upper receiver incorporating an integral upper rail
US20140260944A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Christ Stratis Gryparis Lock interface insert for machine gun bolt assembly
US9151552B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-10-06 Christos Stratis Gryparis Lock interface insert for machine gun bolt assembly
US9423193B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-08-23 Christ Stratis Gryparis Lock interface insert for machine gun bolt assembly
US9664466B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-05-30 Christ Stratis Gryparis Lock interface insert for bolt assembly of a firearm
US9188400B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2015-11-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy System and method for charging a weapon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2043039A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-02-12
DE2016281A1 (de) 1970-10-08
GB1295481A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-08
CH543721A (de) 1973-10-31
JPS4944520B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-28

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