Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
  • D04H1/4309—Polyvinyl alcohol
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
  • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
  • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
  • D04H1/482—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with shrinkage
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
  • D04H1/50—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping or curling of fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
  • D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
  • D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
  • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/904—Artificial leather

Definitions

• This invention relates to the production of a sheet material having a shammying effect by shrinking a web comprising retractable fibers in an aqueous medium and then providing it with a polymeric filler, wherein (a) a web which consists essentially of retractable polyvinyl alcohol fibers is caused to shrink and is treated with an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a water-soluble resin composition; (b) the web is subsequently contacted with a liquid (e.g., an aqueous salt solution) which causes the polyvinyl alcohol to coagulate and in which the resin composition is practically insoluble; (c) the filled web is subsequently subjected to an acetalizing treatment (e.g., by means of an acidified aqueous solution of formaldehyde) in which the polyvinyl alcohol is rendered insoluble in hot water and the
• This invention relates to a process for the production of a sheet material having a shammying effect, in which process a web comprising retractable fibers is caused to shrink in an aqueous medium and is provided with a polymeric filler.
• the present invention relates to the manufacture of a sheet material which has properties, more particularly a shammying effect, which render the product excellently suitable to be used as wash-leather.
• a web which substantially consists of retractable polyvinyl alcohol fibers is caused to shrink and is treated with an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a water-soluble resin composition;
• the web is subsequently contacted with a liquid which causes the polyvinyl alcohol to coagulate and in which the resin composition is practically insoluble;
• the filled web is subsequently subjected to an acetalizing treatment, by which the polyvinyl alcohol is rendered insoluble in hot water and the resin composition is at least partly removed from the web;
• polyvinyl alcohol forms an excellent starting material for the manufacture of artificial wash-leather, which is due to the behavior of PVA relative to water, which behavior can with simple means be modified if desired.
• PVA fibers retractable in an aqueous medium are known per se, and may be obtained inter alia as described in US. Pat. No. 2,962,762.
• these fibers are made into a nonwoven web or mat by a dry process.
• the resulting fiber sheet may be rendered more coherent by subjecting it to a needle punch treatment.
• the fibers By contacting such a fiber sheet with water at a generally moderately elevated temperature, the fibers will shrink and will hardly stick together or show any loss of fiber structure. Owing to this shrinkage, which is generally attended with some crimping and/or spiralizing, an extremely coherent and yet very supple fiber web is obtained.
• the web is impregnated with an aqueous solutionof PVA, followed by treatment with a liquid coagulating agent for the PVA.
• a coagulating agent it is preferred to use an aqueous liquid such as an aqueous salt solution.
• lmpregnation of the web with the PVA solution may be effected in any convenient manner, for example by immersion or spraying. lmpregnation with the aid of coating rollers or by padding may additionally (or alternatively) be employed for obtaining a denser filling at the surface ofthe web.
• the shrinking of the web and the im pregnation with the PVA solution may very conveniently be carried out in one process step if the as-yet-not-shrunk dry web is directly treated with a moderately heated PVA solution.
• the impregnated web is passed into the coagulation bath via squeeze rolls which, depending on the concentration ofthe PVA solution employed as well as the degree of filling required, are adjusted to the appropriate pressure.
• the PVA and more particularly the PVA filler, should subsequently be rendered insoluble in hot water of for example at least C.
• the web is subjected to a treatment with an acetalizing agent, part of the hydroxyl groups of the PVA being converted.
• the acetalizing agent may for instance be a monoaldehyde or a dialdehyde with which the filled web is treated in an acid aqueous medium at an elevated temperature.
• the thus treated web is thoroughly washed, if necessary while using in the last washing stage a neutralizing agent and/or a softener, and then dried.
• Resin compositions suitable for this purpose must be soluble in water or in a PVA solution, practically insoluble in the coagulation liquid used for coagulating the PVA, and at least partly extractable from the web when this is treated with the acetalizing agent.
• compositions of this kind are marketed inter alia by American Cyanamid Company under the trade name Accobond.
• the resin composition may be introduced into the web in a separate process step or in combination with the PVA solution. In the latter case the best results are obtained if the web is first shrunk in a hot aqueous medium and subsequently immersed in an aqueous solution of PVA and the resin approximately at room temperature. However, it is preferred that the web, after a preceding shrinking treatment if desired, he successively treated with an aqueous solution of the resin at room temperature, dried, and immersed in a moderately heated PVA solution.
• aqueous salt solutions such as an approximately 25 percent Na So solution.
• the resin is generally used in such a concentration and amount that in this stage of the treatment the web contains about 10 to 20 percent by weight of the resin, calculated on the dry unfilled web.
• the resulting web product will contain not more and usually less than 50 percent of the originally deposited amount of resin.
• acetalizing agent it is preferred to use an acidified aqueous solution of formaldehyde at a temperature of at least 40 C.
• the product obtained is subsequently finished in the usual manner.
• a resin in accordance with the present invention and more particularly a methylolmelamine resin composition, in the preparation of the present artificial washleather leads to a remarkable improvement of the shammying properties, more particularly with respect to the squeeze-handle and the surface-grip.
• influence may be the formalizing action of the resin, the formation of a resin deposit which may be chemically bonded or not, during which formation the fibers are probably slightly bonded locally, and the poreforming action of the resin during the acetalizing treatment of the filled web.
• the starting web may contain a small amount of other natural and/or synthetic fibers.
• the other fibers must as a rule be present in an amount not higher than about 5 percent by weight.
• EXAMPLEl A PVA fiber web having a weight of about I20 g./m. is necdle-punched and subsequently immersed in water at 45 C. As a result, the surface area ofthe web shrinks by a factor of 1.4.
• the shrunken web is squeezed and subsequently dried at 50 C., after which the web is immersed at room temperature in a solution of l part by weight Accobond 3900 (which is a product marketed by American Cyanamid Company) in two parts by weight of water.
• the web is squeezed to a liquid content of about 200 percent, and dried at 50 C.
• the dried web contains about percent of the melamine-formaldehyde resin, calculated on the original web.
• the web is then immersed in a 6.5 percent PVA solution in water at C., squeezed to a liquid content of 650 percent, and subsequently introduced into a 20 percent sodium sulphate solution at 20 C. After an immersion time of 10 minutes, the filled web is slightly drained and subsequently immersed for 7 minutes at 50 C. in an acetalizing bath composed of a solution of formalin acidified with sulphuric acid and containing sodium sulphate. After this treatment the product is thoroughly washed and dried. The resulting web is then found still to contain about 2 to 2% percent by weight of the melamine-formaldehyde resin, calculated on the product.
• the surface-grip (frictional resistance on glass under standard conditions) and the squeeze-handle (hand test) are, respectively, 28 and 6 for the Accobond wash-leather and 20 and 4.5 for the blank washleather.
• EXAMPLE II The needle-punched starting web of example l is immersed in the Accobond solution according to said example at room temperature, squeezed to a liquid content of 200 percent and dried at 50 C.
• the web is subsequently immersed and shrunk in a 6.5 percent PVA solution at 27 C., and further processed as described in example l.
• the Accobond treatment so influences the shrink behavior of the PVA fibers that even at 27 C. a surface shrink factor of 1.4 is obtained.
• the surface-grip and squeezehandle are, respectively, 26 and 6 for the Accobond wash-leather, and 17 and 4 /2 for the blank wash-leather.
• EXAMPLE Ill The needle-punched, shrunk, and dried PVA fiber web of example I is immersed at 20 C. in a 6.5 percent solution of PVA in water, in which also 10 percent by weight of Accobond 3900 is contained. The immersed web is subsequently squeezed and processed as described in example I.
• the values for the resulting wash-leather are 25 and 6, respectively.
• a web which consists essentially of retractable polyvinyl alcohol fibers is caused to shrink and is treated with polyvinyl alcohol in an aqueous solution and a water-soluble resin composition of melamine and formaldehyde in an aqueous solution to provide from about 20 to about 60 percent by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and from about l0 to about 20 percent by weight of the water-soluble resin within the web, said weight percentages being based on the dry weight of the unfilled web;
• the web is subsequently contacted with a liquid which causes said polyvinyl alcohol to coagulate and in which the resin composition is practically insoluble;
• the filled web is subsequently subjected to an acetalizing treatment by which the coagulated polyvinyl alcohol is rendered insoluble in hot water and the water-soluble resin composition is at least partly removed from the web;
• a sheet material having a shammying effect which comprises a fibrous mat consisting essentially of in situ retracted polyvinyl alcohol fibers, said mat containing a polymeric impregnant consisting essentially of from about 20 to 60 percent by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and not more than about 5 to 10 percent by weight of a water-soluble melamine formaldehyde resin, said weight percentages being based on the weight of the dry unfilled web, and said web having been subjected to an acetalizing treatment to render the polyvinyl alcohol impregnant insoluble in hot water.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19803356

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (5)

• 1968
  • 1968-04-17 NL NL6805359A patent/NL6805359A/xx unknown
• 1969
  • 1969-04-03 DE DE19691917457 patent/DE1917457A1/de active Pending
  • 1969-04-03 US US813299A patent/US3634124A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1969-04-11 FR FR6911282A patent/FR2006346A7/fr not_active Expired
  • 1969-04-17 GB GB09735/69A patent/GB1249037A/en not_active Expired
  • 1969-04-17 JP JP44029434A patent/JPS4830366B1/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (5)

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