US3622373A - A planographic printing plate - Google Patents

A planographic printing plate Download PDF

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Publication number
US3622373A
US3622373A US3622373DA US3622373A US 3622373 A US3622373 A US 3622373A US 3622373D A US3622373D A US 3622373DA US 3622373 A US3622373 A US 3622373A
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Prior art keywords
printing plate
planographic printing
weight
metal salts
surface coating
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English (en)
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William H Page
Henry P Williams
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Appleton Coated Paper Co
Appvion Operations Inc
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Appleton Coated Paper Co
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Assigned to APPLETON PAPERS INC. reassignment APPLETON PAPERS INC. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). FILED 12/1781, EFFECTIVE DATE: 01/02/82 STATE OF INCORP. DE Assignors: GERMAINE MONTEIL COSMETIQUES CORPORATION (CHANGED TO APPLETON PAPERS), TUVACHE, INC.
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
    • B41C1/1008—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by removal or destruction of lithographic material on the lithographic support, e.g. by laser or spark ablation; by the use of materials rendered soluble or insoluble by heat exposure, e.g. by heat produced from a light to heat transforming system; by on-the-press exposure or on-the-press development, e.g. by the fountain of photolithographic materials
    • B41C1/1016—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by removal or destruction of lithographic material on the lithographic support, e.g. by laser or spark ablation; by the use of materials rendered soluble or insoluble by heat exposure, e.g. by heat produced from a light to heat transforming system; by on-the-press exposure or on-the-press development, e.g. by the fountain of photolithographic materials characterised by structural details, e.g. protective layers, backcoat layers or several imaging layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2201/00—Location, type or constituents of the non-imaging layers in lithographic printing formes
    • B41C2201/02—Cover layers; Protective layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2201/00—Location, type or constituents of the non-imaging layers in lithographic printing formes
    • B41C2201/04—Intermediate layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2201/00—Location, type or constituents of the non-imaging layers in lithographic printing formes
    • B41C2201/14—Location, type or constituents of the non-imaging layers in lithographic printing formes characterised by macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. binder, adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/04—Negative working, i.e. the non-exposed (non-imaged) areas are removed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/08—Developable by water or the fountain solution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/24—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation characterised by a macromolecular compound or binder obtained by reactions involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. acrylics, vinyl polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N3/00—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
    • B41N3/03—Chemical or electrical pretreatment
    • B41N3/036—Chemical or electrical pretreatment characterised by the presence of a polymeric hydrophilic coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
    • Y10T428/31667—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers, or aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31859—Next to an aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y10T428/31862—Melamine-aldehyde
    • Y10T428/31866—Impregnated or coated cellulosic material

Definitions

  • filler and insolubilizing agent in the form of a melamine formaldehyde resin and containing water soluble polyvalent metal salts.
  • This invention relates to planographic printing plates and more particularly to a coated paper lithographic plate which may be used as a direct image plate.
  • the lithographic surface of a coated planographic printing plate is one in which the surface of the coating is water insoluble, water receptive, ink repellent and lithographic such that, when the surface imaged with a greasy imaging material is first wet with an aqueous repellent and then with a greasy ink, the aqueous repellent will wet out the nonimaged hydrophilic surface portion of the plate leaving the oeophilic, ink receptive, water repellent imaged portion free to accept ink for transfer to copy sheets, directly or through an offset blanket, to produce multiple copies.
  • such lithographic coatings have been formulated of a hydrophilic adhesive or colloid, such as starch, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, alginates, carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylates and the like insolubilized with a suitable acid or salt and pigmented with a finely divided inorganic material such as kaolin clay, blanc fixe, colloidal silica, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and the like.
  • a hydrophilic adhesive or colloid such as starch, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, alginates, carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylates and the like insolubilized with a suitable acid or salt and pigmented with a finely divided inorganic material such as kaolin clay, blanc fixe, colloidal silica, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and the like.
  • the surface of the paper is usually first coated with a formulation designed to be a seal or barrier to water in the liquid phase, which also imparts wet strength to the paper and provides a suitable adhesive base for the lithographic surface coating.
  • a formulation designed to be a seal or barrier to water in the liquid phase which also imparts wet strength to the paper and provides a suitable adhesive base for the lithographic surface coating.
  • the planographic printing plate of this invention is based upon a system of dual coatings including a lithographic surface coating containing an adhesive, such as polyvinyl alcohol or hydroxyethylated starch, as the sole hydrophilic colloid adhesive with suitable pigments or fillers and a base coat immediately underlying the lithographic surface coating formulated of polyvinyl alcohol as an essential component of the adhesive with suitable pigments or fillers and multivalent metal salts which operate to catalyse the insolubilization reaction of the lithographic surface coating from the underside without the necessity of having the acidic catalysing salts in or on the lithographic surface itself.
  • an adhesive such as polyvinyl alcohol or hydroxyethylated starch
  • phosphates of ammonia or monovalent metals in the topcoat expressly to furnish anions to react with the multivalent metal ions in the base or barrier coat to form an efiicient pore plugging precipitate in the interstices of and at the interface of the barrier coat and the topcoat.
  • Moving the source of the multivalent metal salts from the plate surface to a position below the functional surface also enables us to maintain the surface pH at a level favorable to the drying of oleoresinous or varnish based ink without losing the functional advantages which multivalent metal salts are known to contribute to pigmented lithographic coatings.
  • This fiocculent material is presumed to fill in more completely pores in the barrier coat, increasing its efi'rcency and its ability to retard the flow of excess free Al-l-l-l- Cl, Zn -lland/or the polyvalent metal ions or anions that move upward through the face coat, thus preventing the face coating from becoming sensitive" to fingerprinting or from becoming more acidic than is consistent with the normal drying of greasy inks, such as are used for the preprinting of reproducing images on plates which are going to be used for making business forms or bank checks.
  • any soluble phosphate which will furnish anions to react with the aluminum and zinc ions to form a precipitate in the pores of and at the interface of the barrier coat and the lithographic topcoat would enhance the lithographic properties of the system and would be within the scope of the invention.
  • phosphates could be used, such as monosodium phosphate, disodium monohydrogen phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexameta phosphate.
  • any colloidal adhesive can be employed that is able to hold the multivalent metal salts in solution without coagulation until the coating has been applied to the paper and the water is removed in the drying process.
  • the topcoat adhesive should be one that is compatible with these same salts in order for it to form a firm bond with the undercoat.
  • Sodium alginate would be incapable of use as an adhesive since it is coagulable with metal ions and would tend to form a poor bond between undercoat and topcoat due to the formulation of a weak interfacial layer of zinc and/or aluminum alginate.
  • the pigmentation of the topcoat is chosen to make the surface as universally receptive as possible to all common imaging media.
  • thermoset undercoat plus a top and back coat designed to be free of hygroscopically unstable materials makes for absence of cockle and generally high quality Xerox performance.
  • the lithographic surface coating is formulated of polyvinyl alcohol as the sole hydrophilic colloid and one or more fillers selected from the group consisting of kaolin clay and colloidal silica but which may instead be formulated with other conventional pigments or fillers, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and the like. It will be noted that the described lithographic surface coating does not contain any salts of multivalent metals to modify the hydrophilic lypophilic balance.
  • wash coating of the lithographic surface with polyvalent metal salts in solution for insolubilization or modification of the hydrophilic lypophilic balance is not employed thereby to avoid overcoating of the lithographic surface with an excess of water soluble metal salts which might detract from the ability strongly to anchor the image onto the lithographic surface and/or which might otherwise react nonuniformly with the surface coating materials in the reaction for insolubilization and which are known to exert a negative influence on the dry ing of inks used for preprinting plates used in the forms or bank check business.
  • the base coat immediately underlying the lithographic surface coating is formulated of an adhesive system which includes polyvinyl alcohol as an essential component and which in the preferred practice of this invention, is formulated to include melamine formaldehyde and melamine.
  • Suitable pigments. such as clay or other of the fillers previously described, are formulated into the base coat with water soluble polyvalent metal salt which is believed to operate from the base coat to provide for controlled image retention by the lithographic surface coating.
  • lithographic surface coating and in the underlying base coat, such as surface active agents, foamicides, fungicides and the like, which have to do more with the stabilization of the coating compositions and the preservation of the coatings rather than the lithographic characteristics of the combination of lithographic surface coating and base coating.
  • Min. & Chem. 1.8 Melamine formaldehyde resin, 40% by weight solids (parez resin #613- American Cyanamid Company). 1.0 Defoamer (equal parts tributyl phosphate and butanol).
  • the Cypel emulsion comprises a mixture of approximately 63 percent by weight ethyl acrylate, 35 percent by weight acrylonitrile and 2 percent by weight methacrylic acid and is marketed by the American Cyanimid Company.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol is first dispersed in the first increment of water and dissolved by heating to about C. Thereafter all of the ingredients with the exception of the metal salts and the second increment of water are combined in a suitable blender and then the salts and the remainder of water added to fonn the slip.
  • a suitable base paper 10 of about 50 pounds per ream of 500 sheets of 25 inches X 38 inches.
  • Application is made by a suitable coating technique, such as by roller coating or flow coating in a dry coating weight of about 8 pounds per 3300 square feet or surface area. Excess coating composition can be removed by means of an air knife nd the coating is dried by passage through an air drying oven at a temperature of about to 200 C. for l to 30 minutes exposure.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol is first dispersed in cold water and then heated to about 90 C. to effect solution and the remainder of the ingredients are blended to form the coating mix.
  • the lithographic surface coating composition is applied as, an overcoat 14 onto the dried base coating 12 in an amount to provide a dry coating weight of 4 pounds per 3000 square feet of surface area.
  • Application can be made by roller coater or by flow coating followed by an air knife for the removal of excess coating composition and smoothing rolls to smooth the coating.
  • the lithographic surface coating 14 is dried by passage through an air drying oven at a temperature of about 100 to 250 C. for about to 15 minutes.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol component present both in the base coat and the lithographic surface coating formulations may contain a small amount of polyvinyl acetate, such as between 2-10 percent by weight polyvinyl acetate, such as marketed by Shawinigan Chemicals, lnc. under the trade name Gelvatol 3-91."
  • the polyvinyl alcohol can be formulated in the base coating composition in an amount within the range of 7-35 percent by weight and preferably in an amount within the range of 15-29 percent by weight, calculated as solid polyvinyl alcohol in the coating composition, and it may be formulated in the lithographic surface coating composition in an amount within the range of 4-20 percent by weight and preferably in an amount within the range of 8-16 percent by weight solid polyvinyl alcohol in the surface coating composition.
  • the melamine formaldehyde resin in the base coat can be represented by the resin marketed by Monsanto Chemical Company under the trade name Resloom M-80 or by American Cyanamid under the trade name Parez 613."
  • the melamine formaldehyde resin can be replaced by other amide aldehyde resins, such as dimethylol urea and urea formaldehyde resin.
  • the melamine formaldehyde or equivalent amide aldehyde resin can be employed in an amount within the range of 0.4-4 percent by weight solids and preferably in an amount within the range of 1.3-6 percent by weight solids.
  • the component identified as the melamine formaldehyde resin can be employed in an amount within the range of 0.5-5 percent by weight and preferably in an amount within the range of 2-4 percent by weight calculated on the dry solids basis of melamine formaldehyde resin in the coating composition.
  • the ratio of ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile and methacrylic acid in the Cypel resin in the base coating composition may be varied within the range of 55-85 parts by weight ethyl acrylate, -45 parts by weight acrylonitrile and 0.5-4 parts by weight methacrylic acid.
  • the Cypel resin component which identifies the aforementioned resinous system, can be employed in the base coating composition in an amount within the range of 3-15 percent by weight and preferably 5-10 percent by weight when calculated on the basis of its dry solids.
  • pigments in the base coat and/or the lithographic top coat use can be made of other suitable pigments such as Blanc Fixe, titanium dioxide, colloidal silica and the like fillers.
  • the amount of pigment or filler can range from 1-4 parts by weight pigment or filler in the base coat to 1 part by weight binder or, when calculated on the basis of the solid pigment or filler in the coating composition, 40-80 percent by weight pigment and preferably 50-70 percent by weight pigment in the base coating composition In the top coating composition, the
  • amount of pigment may be employed within the range of one to eight times the amount of polyvinyl alcohol and preferably six to seven times the amount of polyvinyl alcohol, or in an amount within the range of 75-90 percent by weight and preferably 81-86 percent by weight solids in the lithographic coating composition.
  • the colloidal silica component in the lithographic surface coating composition is preferably selected of a colloidal silica in which part of the silicon has been replaced with aluminum, such as marketed by 'E. 1. duPont de Nemours & Company under the trade name Ludox AM having 30 percent solids in aqueous medium.
  • Cabot Corporation under the name Cab-0-Sil can be used.
  • the colloidal silica component employed in the color coating or top coat may vary within the range of 8-40 percent by weight and preferably 10-35 percent by weight when calculated on the basis of the solid colloidal silica in the coating composition.
  • the defoamers and surface active agents represent additives which function to stabilize the coating composition and their application to the paper base sheet. It will be understood that other defoamers, surface active agents and wetting agents conventionally employed in the coating art can be substituted in variable amounts without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • the aluminum chloride and zinc acetate in the base coating composition can be replaced with other water soluble polyvalent metal salts such as the chlorides, nitrates, formates, acetates and propionates of other bivalent metals, such as zinc, calcium, nickel, copper, cobalt, barium, strontium, and the like, or trivalent metals such as aluminum. It is preferred to employ a combination of the bivalent and trivalent metal salts, such as zinc chloride or zinc acetate and aluminum chloride with the materials present in the ratio of 1-4 parts by weight of the bivalent metal salt to one part by weight of the trivalent metal salt.
  • the base coat composition can be formulated with the polyvalent metal salts present in an amount within the range of 2-15 percent by weight and preferably 5-8 percent by weight of the coating composition.
  • compositions embodying the features of this invention for use in the preparation of lithographic printing plates are further examples of compositions embodying the features of this invention for use in the preparation of lithographic printing plates:
  • EXAMPLE 4 Long run plate Base coating composition pounds 123.7 water 1.5 melamine recrystallized 7.7 polyvinyl alcohol 29.4 Ultra While clay slurry, 68% solids 5.8 Cypel resin, 44% solids melamine formaldehyde resin. 40% solids defoamer aluminum trichloride, 50% in water The composition is the same as that of example except that cobalt acetate is substituted for the equivalent amount of zinc acetate.
  • EXAMPLE 7 Base coat composition: The formulation is the same as that of example 5 except that nickel acetate is substituted for the zinc acetate.
  • EXAMPLE 8 The fonnulation is the same as the base coat composition of example I except that the Cypel resinous component is omitted.
  • the combination of melamine, Cypel resin, polyvinyl alcohol and melamine formaldehyde resin in the base coat composition provides a self-curing system that operates to bond the mineral pigments to the underlying paper base sheet to provide a base coat having controlled hydrophilic characteristics and which operates as a water barrier.
  • the polyvalent metal salts are present in the base coat in an amount sufiicient to maintain the desired balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics while supplying the top coat with a continuous source of polyvalent metal salts as required to maintain the desired balance in the lithographic surface coating notwithstanding the amounts removed in use of the plate by the pre-etch and fountain solutions with which the plate surface is continuously wet during the production of copy.
  • the base coat provides a unique function as a well which is protected by the covering top coat from the processing solution but from which withdrawal can be made for optimum lithographic characteristics in the lithographic surface coating. This represents a complete departure from the concepts of plate production and utilization as heretofore practiced.
  • An advantage of this reverse construction resides in the simplification for control of insolubilization of the coatings while maintaining optimum lithographic properties.
  • the amount of salts must be carefully controlled, otherwise excess salts must be removed as by brushing or burnishing. Even then, wide variation in salt concentration occurs and a metal salt layer invariably remains as an overcoating and interferes with the ability properly to anchor the grease image.
  • a further advantage of the combination of coatings of the type representing the features of this invention resides in the ability to make corrections by erasure or image removal while still maintaining surface characteristics sufficient strongly to anchor the redeposited image.
  • image removal by erasure operates not only to remove the image but also some of the prime ingredients essential to the lithographic coating thereby to render the surface unsuitable for re-imaging to make corrections and the like.
  • a workable lithographic plate can be fabricated embodying the reverse arrangement when melamine is deleted as a component in the lithographic surface coating or when the polyvalent metal salts are deleted as a component of the base coat. In the latter instance, reliance is had on he amide aldehyde component of the base coat to contribute the desired insolubilizing effect to the lithographic surface coating immediately overlying the base coat.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol is first dissolved by dispersion in cold water and heating to elevated temperature and then the rest of the ingredients are added.
  • Application is made to base paper in coating weights of about l0 pounds per 3000 square feet of surface area and the coating is dried at a temperature of C. for 10 minutes.
  • EXAMPLE 10 The formulation is the same as that of example 2 except that the melamine-formaldehyde component is omitted. in this formulation reliance is had on the polyvalent metal salts in the base coat of examples 1, 5, 6, 7 or 8 to provide the desired balance for insolubilization of the adhesive and formation of the pore plugging agents;
  • a planographic printing plate comprising a base sheet and the combination on the surface of the base sheet of an outermost lithographic surface coating and a base coating immediately underlying the surface coating in which the surface coating is formulated of a hydrophilic colloid adhesive which is not coagulated from the coating solution by polyvalent metal salts and which is substantially free of polyvalent metal salts, a soluble phosphate which reacts with polyvalent metal salt to form a bulky precipitate and a pigment, and in which the underlying base coat is formulated of a hydrophilic colloid adhesive which is not coagulated from the coating solution upon contact with a polyvalent metal salt, and water soluble polyvalent metal salts.
  • a planographic printing plate comprising a base sheet and the combination on the surface of the base sheet of an outermost lithographic surface coating and a base coating immediately underlying the surface coating, in which the surface coating is formed of the dried residue of an aqueous composition the solids of which consist essentially of polyvinyl alcohol, a soluble phosphate and a filler or pigment without polyvalent metal salts and in which the base coat is formed of the dried residue of an aqueous composition in which the solids consist essentially of polyvinyl alcohol, a melamine formaldehyde resin, an ethyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-methacrylic acid resin,
  • filler or pigment and water soluble polyvalent metal salts are filler or pigment and water soluble polyvalent metal salts.
  • a planographic printing plate as claimed in claim 8 in which the filler or pigment includes a colloidal silica in which at least a part of the silicon is replaced withalu nin m 11.
  • a planographic printing plate as claimed in claim 8 in which the filler is present in the surface coating composition in an amount within the range of 5-8 parts by weight of filler to 1 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
  • a planographic printing plate as claimed in claim 12 in which the clay is present in the base coating composition in an amount within the range of l-4 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
  • bivalent metal salts are salts in which the anion is selected from the group consisting of a chloride, nitrate, for-' mate, acetate and propionate and in which the cation is selected from the group consisting of zinc, calcium, nickel, copper, cobalt, barium and strontium and in which the trivalent metal salt is selected from the group consisting of the chloride, nitrate, formate and acetate of aluminum.
  • lfi planographic printing plate as claimed in claim 8 in which the melamine formaldehyde resin is present in the base coat in an amount within the range of 0.4-4 percent by weight.
  • a planographic printing plate as claimed in claim 8 in which clay is present in the lithographic surface coating in an amount within the range of 50-60 percent by weight and colloidal silica is present within the range of 5-40 percent by weight.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
US3622373D 1969-01-21 1969-01-21 A planographic printing plate Expired - Lifetime US3622373A (en)

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US79248569A 1969-01-21 1969-01-21

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US (1) US3622373A (fr)
BE (1) BE744737A (fr)
DE (1) DE2002562A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2028764A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1280500A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE29893E (en) * 1974-08-01 1979-01-30 Allied Paper, Inc. Lithographic printing plate and method of making the same
US5997993A (en) * 1996-11-20 1999-12-07 Polaroid Corporation Protective overcoat useful for enhancing an article resistance to ambient humidity
WO2000046039A1 (fr) * 1999-02-04 2000-08-10 Kodak Polychrome Graphics Company Ltd. Substrat poreux hydrophile utilise dans des plaques d'impression lithographe
US20140165921A1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-19 Sorptek, LLC Organically based animal litter and manufacturing process
US20150128869A1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-14 Sorptek, LLC Organically based animal litter and manufacturing process

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1586494A (en) * 1977-05-12 1981-03-18 Gestetner Ltd Planographic printing plate and process for making the same
JPS63218942A (ja) * 1987-03-06 1988-09-12 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 受像材料および画像形成方法
EP0450199B1 (fr) * 1990-04-04 1995-08-23 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Planche d'impression lithographique diazo développable dans l'eau

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2534650A (en) * 1947-05-09 1950-12-19 Warren S D Co Planographic printing plate and method of making same
US2635537A (en) * 1950-07-19 1953-04-21 Warren S D Co Paper planographic printing plate with stabilized hydrophilic coating
US3020839A (en) * 1959-09-21 1962-02-13 Warren S D Co Planographic printing plates
US3055295A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-09-25 Oxford Paper Co Planographic printing plates

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2534650A (en) * 1947-05-09 1950-12-19 Warren S D Co Planographic printing plate and method of making same
US2635537A (en) * 1950-07-19 1953-04-21 Warren S D Co Paper planographic printing plate with stabilized hydrophilic coating
US3055295A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-09-25 Oxford Paper Co Planographic printing plates
US3020839A (en) * 1959-09-21 1962-02-13 Warren S D Co Planographic printing plates

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE29893E (en) * 1974-08-01 1979-01-30 Allied Paper, Inc. Lithographic printing plate and method of making the same
US5997993A (en) * 1996-11-20 1999-12-07 Polaroid Corporation Protective overcoat useful for enhancing an article resistance to ambient humidity
WO2000046039A1 (fr) * 1999-02-04 2000-08-10 Kodak Polychrome Graphics Company Ltd. Substrat poreux hydrophile utilise dans des plaques d'impression lithographe
US20140165921A1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-19 Sorptek, LLC Organically based animal litter and manufacturing process
US9549532B2 (en) * 2012-12-18 2017-01-24 Green Products Company Organically based animal litter and manufacturing process
US20150128869A1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-14 Sorptek, LLC Organically based animal litter and manufacturing process
US9549533B2 (en) * 2013-11-08 2017-01-24 Green Products Company Organically based animal litter and manufacturing process

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BE744737A (fr) 1970-07-01
GB1280500A (en) 1972-07-05
FR2028764A1 (fr) 1970-10-16
DE2002562C3 (fr) 1974-10-24
DE2002562A1 (de) 1970-07-23

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