US3616471A - Cushion - Google Patents

Cushion Download PDF

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Publication number
US3616471A
US3616471A US819867A US3616471DA US3616471A US 3616471 A US3616471 A US 3616471A US 819867 A US819867 A US 819867A US 3616471D A US3616471D A US 3616471DA US 3616471 A US3616471 A US 3616471A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cushion
envelope
vacuum
interior
seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US819867A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Francois Marie Joseph Braun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BELGE EXPLOIT NAVIGATION SA
Sa Belge D'exploitation de la Navigation Aerienne Sabena
Original Assignee
BELGE EXPLOIT NAVIGATION SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BELGE EXPLOIT NAVIGATION SA filed Critical BELGE EXPLOIT NAVIGATION SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3616471A publication Critical patent/US3616471A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses or cushions
    • A47C27/088—Fluid mattresses or cushions incorporating elastic bodies, e.g. foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/18—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays in combination with inflatable bodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/12—Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons
    • A47C31/126—Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons for chairs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/14—Seat parts of adjustable shape; elastically mounted ; adaptable to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/14—Seat parts of adjustable shape; elastically mounted ; adaptable to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions
    • A47C7/142—Seat parts of adjustable shape; elastically mounted ; adaptable to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions by fluid means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/18—Seat parts having foamed material included in cushioning part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/90—Details or parts not otherwise provided for
    • B60N2/914—Hydro-pneumatic adjustments of the shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S5/00—Beds
    • Y10S5/911—Bead containing
    • Y10S5/913—Bead containing with suction means

Definitions

  • a cushion for a seat, a couch or a mattress comprising in combination (1) a flexible, tight non-subdivided envelope, which is substantially compressible in the direction of the thickness of the cushion, (2) connecting means for selectively connecting the interior of said envelope with an ambient environment or with vacuum means in order to regulate the internal pressure in the envelope, (3) closing means for closing off the interior of said envelope in order to maintain a determined pressure in the interior of the envelope, and (4) a porous mass which is elastically compressible and is contained in the envelope, so as to be compressed when the interior of the envelope is connected to the vacuum means by said connecting means and so as to be inflated when the interior of the envelope is connected to the ambient environment by said connecting means.
  • This invention relates to a cushion for a seat, couch, or for making a mattress.
  • Cushions of this kind are known, either made of foam such as latex, polyether or polyester, or of fibres, and more particularly of wool, horsehair, glass, or synthetic resins.
  • a cushion For surgical uses, a cushion has been designed which adapts itself closely to the anatomy of the sitter.
  • This cushion consists of a flexible tight envelope, filled partly by light but resistant spheres and connected to a vacuum pump so that, under the action of the atmospheric pressure, it closes more or less tightly around the body or part to be fixed so as to enclose it firmly.
  • a surgical cushion has been proposed with a view to improve the blood circulation of the user of the cushion by supporting the user alternatively by one part of the cushion and then by another.
  • This cushion consists of a flexible, tight envelope, divided by partitions into at least two cells or two groups of cells, each of which contains an elastically compressible substance. Each cell is connected individually or in a group to a depression medium and is compressed by the atmospheric pressure when the depression is applied so that the user is carried only by the cells from which the air has not been evacuated.
  • the internal partitions prevent the free circulation of air within the entirety of the porous substance. This partitioning does not make it possible to provide a continuous support for the occupant.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cushion in which the above disadvantages have been eliminated or reduced.
  • the present invention consists in a cushion for a seat, a couch or a mattress comprising in combination a flexible, tight non-subdivided envelope, which is substantially compressible in the direction of the thickness of the cushion, connecting means for selectively connecting the interior of said envelope with an ambient environment or with vacuum means in order to regulate the internal pressure in the envelope, closing means for closing off the interior of said envelope so as to maintain a determined pressure in the interior of the envelope and a porous mass which is elastically compressible, contained in the envelope and compressed when the space is connected to the vacuum means, by said connecting means and so as to be inflated when the interior of the envelope is connected to the ambient environment by said connecting means.
  • the cushion has an inherent rigidity, due to the presence of the elastically compressible material it contains.
  • the porous material and the air in the envelope offer a resistance.
  • the shape of the cushion can be marked while the external pressures remain constant.
  • the elastically compressible substance forms a heterogenous element which makes possible different internal pressures in different zones in the envelope of the cushion.
  • the internal air pressure is uniform in the cushion as in an air mattress. Dynamically however, when the cushion is subjected to external forces, it behaves differently to the pneumatic cushion, because the porous substance is not subjected to a uniform pressure extending to the entire mass.
  • vacuum means as used in the specification and claims, defines any device, such as a vacuum pump, a motor depression as well as the outside environment of a pressurized vehicle or aircraft when this vehicle or aircraft is in flight or in the space.
  • the cushion is connected to the vacuum means through a tight chamher.
  • the cushion occupies a seat
  • the latter comprises a hollow frame which forms the tight chamber in which the depression environment is realized.
  • the actuating member for the control valve is mounted on an elbow member of the seat.
  • the present invention also comprises the use of the cushion in a pressurized aircraft or space vehicle.
  • the depression chamber can communicate through a conduit with a vacuum pump if the vehicle is in the non-pressurized state and/ or with the ambient environment when the vehicle is in flight or in outer space and is pressurized.
  • the pressure difference between the ambient environment outside the cushion and the depression medium, required for its functioning, is ensured by a compressor forming part of the vehicle, which maintains in the environmental medium of the cushion a higher pressure than that outside the pressurized vehicle with which the depression chamber may communicate.
  • a non-return valve is mounted in the conduit connecting the chamber with the vacuum means.
  • FIG. 1 is a basic diagram of a first operating mode of the cushion according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a basic diagram of a second mode of operation
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 show different shapes of cushions applied to a seat, which is occupied and subjected to different internal pressures
  • FIG. 7 shows partly and diagrammatically the use of a cushion on a seat in an aircraft or space vehicle.
  • a cushion 1 comprises mass 2 of a porous materal in one piece which is resiliently compressible, such as polyether foam for example. It may also consist of latex foam, synthetic resins and the like. This material is located in a flexible tight envelope 3, which is not sub-divided, and is substantially compressible in the direction of the thickness of the cushion.
  • the envelope is of elastic material.
  • a three-way control valve connected to conduits 4, 6, 7 selectively closes the envelope or connects it to the ambient environment or to a vaccum means 8.
  • the cushion is connected to a deflating means which is a vacuum pump 10, via a chamber 9 which is sealed against the environment.
  • the vacuum means is the low pressure outside the aircraft surrounding a chamber 11 (diagrammatically the fuselage of the aircraft or vehicle) which is pressurized by means of a compressor 12.
  • This compressor maintains in the environment of the cushion a pressure higher than that outside the aircraft or vehicle and than that in the chamber 9, mounted in the conduit 7 communicating with the outside.
  • the control of the internal pressure of the cushion by the occupant is the same whatever the operational principle, and is effected manually by the threeway valve 5.
  • the internal air pressure of the cushion is the same as that of the environment.
  • valve 5 If the valve 5 is opened to the vacuum means, as shown in FIG. 4, the air pressure inside the cushion drops until it reaches the pressure of the deflating medium. Under the action of external pressures the cushion deflates and the porous material is compressed until the pressure exterted by the porous material and by the deflating medium equals the external pressures.
  • FIG. 6 the cushion is shown at maximum compres sion.
  • valve in one or the other direction or by closing it to impart to the cushion intermediate shapes to ensure optimum comfort varying from one person to the other, for example such as shown in FIG. 5.
  • This phenomenon depends on the structure of the porous material and takes place in varying degrees.
  • the persistence of the impression differs from one material to the other.
  • FIG. 7 shows the use of cushions according to the invention in seats 15 mounted on a support 16 in an aircraft or space vehicle, of which the fuselage 17 is shown diagrammatically and partially.
  • Cushions 1 are located in the back 18, i.e. in the lumbar region of the occupant and in the forward part of the seat 19.
  • Two manually operable three-way valves 5 are mounted on an elbow 20' of the seat and are connected by conduits 4, 6, 7 respectively with the cushion, with the ambient air and with the chamber 9 formed by the hollow frame of the seat supporting the cushions.
  • the vacuum is formed in the chamber through a conduit 21 which terminates outside the fuselage and which is connected to a vacuum pump 10 through a quick action union 22 when the aircraft or space vehicle is on the ground and non-pressurized and/ or is open to the outside environment of the vehicle when it is at height and pressurized.
  • Preferably several chambers 9 are mounted in parallel on the same conduit 21.
  • a non-return valve 23 mounted in the conduit 21 and opening in the direction of the arrow makes it possible to maintain the vacuum when the vehicle is on the ground.
  • a pressure gauge 24 located between the chamber and the non-return valve serves for checking the vacuum in the chamber.
  • every seat and back cushion also communicates with the ambient environment through a safety valve 25 opening in the direction of the arrow when the pressure of the environment is lower than the internal pressure of the cushion.
  • the aircraft or space vehicle is equipped with a compressor 12 ensuring a pressure difference between the environment of the seat and the chamber 9 when the vehicle is flying at height.
  • the vacuum in the chamber may be maintained automatically when the vehicle returns to the ground.
  • a vacuum pump 10 may be connected to the quick action union 22.
  • cushion according to the invention has been described particularly with reference to an aircraft or space vehicle, it can be used equally well for a chair, settee or couch for domestic or medical equipment or for overland or sea transport.
  • a seat, a couch or a mattress having a cushion adjustable in thickness independently of the weight of an occupant comprising, in combination, a flexible tight envelope forming a single enclosed chamber, said envelope being substantially collapsible in the direction of the support thickness of the cushion, said chamber being filled with an integral body of elastically compressible porous intercommunicating open cellular material having an inherent rigidity capable of substantially supporting the weight of an occupant Without collapsing, a vacuum source, valve means for selectively communicating the interior of the envelope with said vacuum source and with an ambient environment and for blocking said communication with the envelope, said valve means being operable to permit air to be withdrawn from said integral porous open cellular body when the interior of the envelope is communicated with the vacuum means, so as to form in the porous open cellular body an impression automatically adapting itself to movement of the anatomical shape of the occupant due to the collapsing of the open cells of the porous materials in the zone underneath the occupant, said integral porous open cellular body maintaining the final configuration of the last position of the a
  • a seat, a couch or mattress according to claim 2 for use in a pressurized vehicle or aircraft, wherein said vacuum chamber is communicated through a conduit with a vacuum pump.
  • a seat, a couch or a mattress according to claim 2 for use in a pressurized vehicle or aircraft, wherein said vacuum chamber is communicated with the outside envirmonment of said pressurized vehicle or aircraft.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
US819867A 1968-05-07 1969-04-28 Cushion Expired - Lifetime US3616471A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE58084 1968-05-07
BE714770 1968-05-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3616471A true US3616471A (en) 1971-11-02

Family

ID=72645563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US819867A Expired - Lifetime US3616471A (en) 1968-05-07 1969-04-28 Cushion

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3616471A (ko)
BE (1) BE714770A (ko)
CA (1) CA936287A (ko)
CS (1) CS162620B2 (ko)
DE (1) DE1922218B2 (ko)
ES (1) ES366757A1 (ko)
FR (1) FR2011822A1 (ko)
GB (1) GB1276667A (ko)
NL (1) NL6906880A (ko)
RO (1) RO55522A (ko)
SE (1) SE362007B (ko)
SU (1) SU389651A3 (ko)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045830A (en) * 1974-03-27 1977-09-06 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs System of protection by modeling
US4114214A (en) * 1976-06-21 1978-09-19 Vonheck Robert Super-conforming seating system
US4327046A (en) * 1979-12-07 1982-04-27 Southern Research Institute Method for producing a rigid, shaped mass support system
US4930171A (en) * 1989-05-03 1990-06-05 International Healthcare Products, Inc. Contour retaining support cushion
US5044030A (en) * 1990-06-06 1991-09-03 Fabrico Manufacturing Corporation Multiple layer fluid-containing cushion
US5282286A (en) * 1992-11-16 1994-02-01 Cascade Designs, Inc. Sealed composite cushion having multiple indentation force deflection zones
US6367106B1 (en) 1998-02-20 2002-04-09 Sand Therapeutic, Inc. Therapeutic support for the reduction of decubitus ulcers
US20040222684A1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2004-11-11 Schukra Of North America Self inflating pneumatic seat cushion apparatus and method
DE10019342B3 (de) * 1999-07-16 2006-02-09 Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Faser- und/oder Filamentvliesen
US20080157583A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Boren Kelly L Aircraft passenger seat cushions
US20110025111A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2011-02-03 David Wornell Seating systems incorporating self-inflating adjustable supports
ES2432420A1 (es) * 2013-09-13 2013-12-03 Innovación Elastic Confort, S.L. Colchón para bebés
EP2939572A1 (de) * 2014-04-30 2015-11-04 Axel Grabow Sitzvorrichtung, stuhl oder sofa
US20210387735A1 (en) * 2020-06-16 2021-12-16 Airbus Operations Sas Depressurizing system and method for a cabin of an aircraft on the ground from the outer side of the aircraft
WO2022079566A1 (en) * 2020-10-12 2022-04-21 Advance Kites S.R.L Massaging support

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1279950B (de) * 1965-11-20 1968-10-10 Netzsch Maschinenfabrik Lastschalenraum fuer Thermowaagen
DE2752813A1 (de) * 1977-11-26 1979-05-31 Porsche Ag Sitzbank fuer fahrzeuge, insbesondere fuer rettungsfahrzeuge
FR2464066A1 (fr) * 1979-08-31 1981-03-06 Pelosse Andre Support enveloppant pour soutenir un patient pendant les soins
US4563041A (en) * 1983-11-15 1986-01-07 The Jasper Corporation Upholstered seat for clean room use
US4707027A (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-11-17 General Motors Corporation Pneumatically cushioned vehicle seat(s) and apparatus and method to adjust the same
DE4211895A1 (de) * 1992-04-09 1993-10-14 Daimler Benz Ag Sitz, insbesondere Fahrzeugsitz
GB9309380D0 (en) * 1993-05-06 1993-06-16 Dampsey Joseph P Packaging and other constructions

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045830A (en) * 1974-03-27 1977-09-06 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs System of protection by modeling
US4114214A (en) * 1976-06-21 1978-09-19 Vonheck Robert Super-conforming seating system
US4327046A (en) * 1979-12-07 1982-04-27 Southern Research Institute Method for producing a rigid, shaped mass support system
US4930171A (en) * 1989-05-03 1990-06-05 International Healthcare Products, Inc. Contour retaining support cushion
US4960304A (en) * 1989-05-03 1990-10-02 Internatinal Healthcare Products, Inc. Contour retaining back support cushion
US5044030A (en) * 1990-06-06 1991-09-03 Fabrico Manufacturing Corporation Multiple layer fluid-containing cushion
US5282286A (en) * 1992-11-16 1994-02-01 Cascade Designs, Inc. Sealed composite cushion having multiple indentation force deflection zones
US6367106B1 (en) 1998-02-20 2002-04-09 Sand Therapeutic, Inc. Therapeutic support for the reduction of decubitus ulcers
DE10019342B3 (de) * 1999-07-16 2006-02-09 Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Faser- und/oder Filamentvliesen
US6912748B2 (en) 2002-11-22 2005-07-05 L & P Property Management Company Self inflating pneumatic seat cushion apparatus and method
US20040222684A1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2004-11-11 Schukra Of North America Self inflating pneumatic seat cushion apparatus and method
US8147001B2 (en) 2006-12-29 2012-04-03 The Boeing Company Method of absorbing energy in an aircraft passenger seat assembly
US7717520B2 (en) 2006-12-29 2010-05-18 The Boeing Company Aircraft passenger seat cushions
US20100276541A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2010-11-04 The Boeing Company Method of Absorbing Energy in an Aircraft Passenger Seat Assembly
US20080157583A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Boren Kelly L Aircraft passenger seat cushions
US20110025111A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2011-02-03 David Wornell Seating systems incorporating self-inflating adjustable supports
AU2008341014B2 (en) * 2007-12-20 2016-05-19 Comfort Concepts Pty Limited Seating systems incorporating self-inflating adjustable supports
ES2432420A1 (es) * 2013-09-13 2013-12-03 Innovación Elastic Confort, S.L. Colchón para bebés
EP2939572A1 (de) * 2014-04-30 2015-11-04 Axel Grabow Sitzvorrichtung, stuhl oder sofa
US20210387735A1 (en) * 2020-06-16 2021-12-16 Airbus Operations Sas Depressurizing system and method for a cabin of an aircraft on the ground from the outer side of the aircraft
FR3111334A1 (fr) * 2020-06-16 2021-12-17 Airbus Operations (S.A.S.) Système et Procédé de dépressurisation d’une cabine d’un aéronef au sol depuis l’extérieur de l’aéronef
US11866177B2 (en) * 2020-06-16 2024-01-09 Airbus Operations Sas Depressurizing system and method for a cabin of an aircraft on the ground from the outer side of the aircraft
WO2022079566A1 (en) * 2020-10-12 2022-04-21 Advance Kites S.R.L Massaging support

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6906880A (ko) 1969-11-11
DE1922218C3 (ko) 1973-11-15
SU389651A3 (ko) 1973-07-05
BE714770A (ko) 1968-11-07
DE1922218B2 (de) 1973-04-19
GB1276667A (en) 1972-06-07
SE362007B (ko) 1973-11-26
CS162620B2 (ko) 1975-07-15
CA936287A (en) 1973-10-30
DE1922218A1 (de) 1969-11-20
ES366757A1 (es) 1971-06-16
FR2011822A1 (ko) 1970-03-13
RO55522A (ko) 1973-08-20

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