US3616038A - Fiber bonding process - Google Patents
Fiber bonding process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3616038A US3616038A US883238A US3616038DA US3616038A US 3616038 A US3616038 A US 3616038A US 883238 A US883238 A US 883238A US 3616038D A US3616038D A US 3616038DA US 3616038 A US3616038 A US 3616038A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- ether
- sulfolanyl
- web
- bonding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 sulfolanyl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- LXMDAGYXJGGKTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl)oxythiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical group C1S(=O)(=O)CCC1OC1CS(=O)(=O)CC1 LXMDAGYXJGGKTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001747 Cellulose diacetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AWIVDPRAKCJMKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,1-dioxothiolan-2-yl)oxythiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1OC1S(=O)(=O)CCC1 AWIVDPRAKCJMKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(2-methylpropoxy)propane Chemical compound CC(C)COCC(C)C SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002821 Modacrylic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920006304 triacetate fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-Oxybisoctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexoxyhexane Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCCCCC BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPYFMVRLBTWMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-yloxythiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1CCCS1(=O)=O SPYFMVRLBTWMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHCCCMIWRBJYHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-ethylhexoxymethyl)heptane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COCC(CC)CCCC YHCCCMIWRBJYHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXPMOSSOTPVGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-propan-2-yloxythiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 YXPMOSSOTPVGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIZYZZZGNAPWDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(1,6-dimethylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl)oxy-5,6-dimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)OC1(C(C=CC=C1)C)C OIZYZZZGNAPWDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004233 Indanthrene blue RS Substances 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008360 acrylonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006239 diacetate fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTUCQKRAQSWLOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yloxymethylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 NTUCQKRAQSWLOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/548—Acrylonitrile series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/551—Resins thereof not provided for in groups D04H1/544 - D04H1/55
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/552—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving by applying solvents or auxiliary agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
Definitions
- Bonded fiber fabrics are produced by a process which comprises applying normally liquid sulfolanyl ether to a web of fibers selected from the group consisting of modified polyacrylonitrile fibers, cellulose ester fibers and chlorofibers, and heating the web and the sulfolanyl either to effect bonding of the fibers.
- FIBER BONDING PROCESS This invention relates to the production of bonded fiber fabrics.
- Bonded fiber fabrics are understood herein to be fabrics consisting of a web of staple fibers bonded together.
- the invention particularly relates to production of bonded fiber fabrics in which the fibers are fibers from copolymers of acrylonitrile and another organic compound containing at least one ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl pyridine, vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate.
- copolymers contain from 30 to 90 percent by weight of acrylonitrile units and 70 to percent by weight of units of one or more of the said unsaturated compounds, these copolymers are referred to hereinafter with generic term modified polyacrylonitrile.”
- the invention also relates to the production of bonded fiber fabrics in which the fibers are cellulose ester fibers or chlorofibers which are understood herein to be fibers made from homopolymers or copolymers of vinylchloride or vinylidene chloride.
- the comonomer in said copolymers can be any ethylenically unsaturated compound other than acrylonitrile.
- United Kingdom Pat. No. 993,498 relates to a process wherein bonded fiber fabrics are produced from fibers comprising homopolymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile containing at least 80 percent, preferably from 90 to 95 percent weight of acrylonitrile units, by applying a latent solvent to the fibers, making the fibers up into a web and bonding the web of fibers with latent solvent by activation.
- a latent solvent is defined as a liquid which normally does not dissolve particular fibers but which may be activated, usually by heating, to become a suitable solvent. Di-substituted formamides, propylene carbonate and sulfolane have been suggested as suitable latent solvents.
- the invention relates to a process for the production of bonded fiber fabrics in which a web of modified polyacrylonitrile fibers, cellulose ester fibers or chlorofibers, to which has been applied a normally liquid sulfolanyl ether, is heated to effect bonding of the fibers.
- the process comprises applying a normally liquid sulfolanyl ether to a web of fibers selected from the group consisting of modified polyacrylonitrile fibers, cellulose ester fibers and chlorofibers, and heating the web and sulfolanyl ether to effect bonding of the fiber.
- Preferred sulfolanyl ethers are 3-sulfolanyl ethers, such as the isopropyl ether, n-butyl ether, isobutyl ether, tert-butly ether, n-hexyl ether, 2-ethyl-hexyl ether, n-octyl ether, phenyl ether, benzyl ether, toluyl ether, xylenyl ether, and isopropyl benzyl ether.
- Particularly preferred are the ethers derived from benzyl alcohol and aliphatic alcohols with from three to nine carbon atoms inclusive.
- the ethers may also contain other substituents such as alkyl groups of up to six carbon atoms or halogen atoms in the sulfolane nucleus.
- substituents such as alkyl groups of up to six carbon atoms or halogen atoms in the sulfolane nucleus.
- the term normally liquid" defines those ethers which are liquid at room temperature.
- the sulfolanyl ethers may be applied to the fibers either before or after the fibers have been made up into a web. Normally they will be applied in amounts of from 1 to percent by weight, based on the weight of the fibers to be bonded, and preferably in amounts of from 5 to 20 percent by weight.
- the ethers can be used as such or as aqueous solutions containing water in amounts of up to 80 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the solutions. Heating of the fibers to effect bonding by the action ofthe sulfolanyl ether is usually done at temperatures above 60 C. for a period of from 0.5 to 20 minutes.
- the temperature adopted for heating the fibers should always remain below the temperature at which the fiber begins to lose its useful properties.
- Preferred temperatures for bonding modified polyacrylonitrile fibers are from to 120 C.
- Preferred temperatures for bonding chlorofibers are from 60 to 80 C.
- Fibers of particular interest are those from a modified polyacrylonitrile obtained by copolymerization of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride or vinyl chloride as the unsaturated comonomer. Such fibers are commercially available. Suitable cellulose ester fibers are cellulose acetate, diacetate or triacetate and cellulose acetobutyrate. Such fibers are also commercially available. Suitable chlorofibers are fibers of polyvinylchloride and polyvinylidenechloride or copolymers of vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride with at least 50 percent weight of a suitable comonomer.
- cellulosed diacetate fibers are bonded by heating at temperatures of from 75 to C. Particularly suitable heating temperatures for bonding triacetate fibers are from to l60C.
- EXAMPLE I A 6 6 0, 5-inch web of 9-denier fibers made from a commercially available copolymer of acrylonitrile was placed in a wooden frame with a removable wire mesh at the back and front. 10 percent weight of isopropyl-3-sulfolanyl ether was applied to the web by spraying. To effect bonding, the web was heated by passing hot air through the web at a temperature of 90 C. for a period of 10 minutes. The bonding effect obtained was investigated by feel, visual appearance and by microscopic inspection and it was shown that the bonding of the fibers in the web was satisfactory.
- a process for the production of bonded fiber fabrics which comprises applying a normally liquid sulfolanyl ether to a web of fibers selected from the group consisting of modified polyacrylonitrile fibers, cellulose ester fibers and cholorfibers; and heating said web with said sulfolanyl ether to effect bonding ofsaid fibers.
- ether is a 3- alkyl sulfolanyl ether in which the alkyl group contains from three to nine atoms.
- modified polyacrylonitrile fibers are heated at a temperature of from to 120 C.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5828668 | 1968-12-09 | ||
| GB2584869 | 1969-05-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3616038A true US3616038A (en) | 1971-10-26 |
Family
ID=26257908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US883238A Expired - Lifetime US3616038A (en) | 1968-12-09 | 1969-12-08 | Fiber bonding process |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3616038A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE742777A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE1961520C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2025671A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1231599A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (1) | NL6918379A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| SE (1) | SE350549B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1290114A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1971-01-08 | 1972-09-20 | ||
| GB1582500A (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1981-01-07 | Monsanto Co | Process for solvent-bonding ninwoven webs |
-
1968
- 1968-12-09 GB GB5828668A patent/GB1231599A/en not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-12-08 NL NL6918379A patent/NL6918379A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1969-12-08 BE BE742777D patent/BE742777A/xx unknown
- 1969-12-08 FR FR6942331A patent/FR2025671A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-12-08 DE DE1961520A patent/DE1961520C3/de not_active Expired
- 1969-12-08 SE SE16871/69A patent/SE350549B/xx unknown
- 1969-12-08 US US883238A patent/US3616038A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2025671A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-09-11 |
| SE350549B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-10-30 |
| BE742777A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-06-08 |
| GB1231599A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1971-05-12 |
| DE1961520A1 (de) | 1970-07-09 |
| DE1961520C3 (de) | 1978-06-08 |
| DE1961520B2 (de) | 1977-10-13 |
| NL6918379A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-06-11 |
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