US3614956A - Smoking articles - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3614956A
US3614956A US756917A US3614956DA US3614956A US 3614956 A US3614956 A US 3614956A US 756917 A US756917 A US 756917A US 3614956D A US3614956D A US 3614956DA US 3614956 A US3614956 A US 3614956A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tobacco
core
smoke
cigarette
article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US756917A
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English (en)
Inventor
Raymond Eric Thornton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp filed Critical Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp
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Publication of US3614956A publication Critical patent/US3614956A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/04—Cigars; Cigarettes with mouthpieces or filter-tips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tobacco-smoking article in which the tobacco is contained in an elongated annular region and an axial core comprising an absorbent capable of selectively absorbing aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons, for example activated charcoal or basic alumina, ammonium nitrate or oxides of transition metals, is arranged so that the smoke from the combustion of the tobacco is drawn through the said core by the smoker.
  • an absorbent capable of selectively absorbing aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons, for example activated charcoal or basic alumina, ammonium nitrate or oxides of transition metals
  • This invention concerns improvements relating to tobacco smoking articles, for example of the nature of cigarettes, and has for one of its objects to provide means for modifying the characteristics of tobacco smoke.
  • Tobacco smoke consists of a particulate phase which comprises largely the less volatile constitutents of the smoke in solid or liquid form, and a vapour phase which comprises the more volatile constituents as vapours or gases mixed with the so-called permanent gases.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a smoking article in which means are included to remove a substantial proportion of the aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons from the smoke produced on combustion of the tobacco.
  • a tobacco smoking article comprises tobacco contained in an elongated annular region and an axial core which is made of an absorbent capable of selectively absorbing aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons and is arranged so that the smoke from the combustion of the tobacco is drawn through the said core.
  • the absorbent core may be formed into a self-sustaining rod or may be totally enclosed in a highly porous frangible tube.
  • the rod or tube may be wrapped in a layer of relatively smoke-impervious paper before being arranged axially of a smoking article of the conventional dimensions of, say, a cigarette.
  • the smoking article may also be fitted with a filtering or other mouthpiece.
  • an impervious barrier of non-combustible material is arranged close to the mouth end of the smoking article to ensure that the smoke passes through the axial core and also to arrest the combustion of the tobacco at a pre-determined point.
  • the absorbent material forming the axial core may comprise a support material, for example a calcined earth such as one of those available for use in gas chromatography columns under the trade name Celite or Chromosorb, which incorporates, as by admixture or impregnation, a substantial proportion of a substance which can selectively absorb aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons such as, for instance, activated charcoal or an activated basic alumina, ammonium nitrate or oxides of transition metals.
  • the proportion of the selective absorbent added may be between 5 and 50% calculated on the weight of the support material, but preferably between 10 and ⁇ 40% by weight is applied.
  • Tobacco is accommodated in an angular region I1 between an outer wrapping 2 of conventional cigarette paper and an absorbent core 3 from which it is separated by a sleeve of relatively smoke-impervious paper 4.
  • the core may be surrounded, as shown, by a sleeve or tube 5 of very frangible, porous, material, for instance a ceramic material.
  • a sleeve or tube 5 of very frangible, porous, material, for instance a ceramic material.
  • one or other of the sleeves 4 and 5 may be dispensed with.
  • the end of the annular zone towards the mout-h ⁇ piece is closed by an annular member of smoke-impervious, non-combustible, material, as illustrated an annular disc 6 of thin aluminum foil, the opening in the disc being coincident with the end of the sleeve or sleeves.
  • the cigarette is terminated by a filter plug 7 filling the whole cross section of the wrapping
  • a filter plug 7 filling the whole cross section of the wrapping
  • Such a cigarette, without the sleeve 5, can be produced by packing the material of the core 3, in the form of a stiff paste, into a tube 4 of paper, the filled tube being then utilised as axial core around which the tobacco is brought to cigarette form within the paper wrapping 2.
  • the disc 6 is secured between the wrapping 2 and the core, using a rubber-based adhesive.
  • the filter 7 may be made of a filter paper or of a fibrous material such as cellulose acetate. If desired, a mouthpiece may be provided beyond the lter 7, for example and as illustrated by chain lines a flaring mouthpiece 8 made of a plastic material. The end of the core 3 remote from the mouthpiece could, if required, be blanked off by a small metal disc.
  • the disc '6 is replaced by an annular plug of, for instance, paper impregnated with sodium silicate solution and drie-d.
  • a plug of filter material is accommodated within an extension of the sleeve or sleeves 4, 5 into the said annular plug.
  • the absorbent material may be moulded while moist into rod form ⁇ and wrapped with the filter plug in a paper sleeve similar to the sleeve 4.
  • a tobacco rod is formed around a hollow cylindrical mandrel of substantially the same diameter as the wrapped core. The tobacco rod and annular plug are enclosed in the paper wrapping 2. Finally, the core is inserted into the hollow mandrel and the latter is removed from the tobacco.
  • the resistance to air-flow of the core 3 ⁇ is substantially greater than that of the tobacco in the region 1 surrounding it and suitably about five times greater.
  • a convenient resistance in practice is 3 cm. water gauge and 20 cm. water gauge respectively for the tobacco section and the core, both measured at 1050 cc. per minute air-flow.
  • EXAMPLE I A tube 4 of conventional cigarette wrapping paper of 3 mm. diameter and 70 mm. length was produced, using a mandrel, as described with reference to FIG. 1. Amounts of Celite, a calcined absorptive earth supplied by the Johns-Manville Products Corporation, and activated charcoal both of 30-44 BSS mesh size were mixed in proportions of 90 and 10% respectively by weight. The mixture, formed into a stiff paste by the addition of 20% of glycerol, calculated on the weight of the Celite employed, was illed into the tube 4, which was used as the core 3 of a cigarette of 8.5 mm. diameter and 70 mm. length prepared from a conventional tobacco blend.
  • Example II The procedure of Example I was repeated, but using, for the core, Celite of mesh size 30-44 BSS previously sprayed with an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate to give, after drying, a 5% increase in weight.
  • Example III The procedure of Example I was repeated, but using, for the core, Hopcalite, an absorptive mixture consisting largely of the oxides of transition metals and supplied by Hopkin and Williams Ltd., of mesh size 30-44 BSS.
  • Example IV The procedure of Example I was repeated, but using, for the core, a mixture of 75% by weight of Celite and 25% by weight of an activated basic alumina, both of mesh size 30444 BSS.
  • the cigarettes so produced were attached to iilters, of the paper known as Myriaj of mm. length and were smoked in comparison with cigarettes provided with similar lters and containing the same weight of tobacco, but without the axial core.
  • the smoking was performed with a smoking engine which provided one. puff per minute of 2 seconds duration and 35 ml. volume.
  • the contents of undesirable aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons in the smoke so produced were determined using gas/liquid chromatography together with an electron capture detector.
  • Cigarette Aromatic 1 Control 3.0
  • Example II 2.2
  • Example III 2.0
  • Example IV 2.0
  • an alkaline salt such as sodium carbonate
  • the addition is preferably between 3 and 8%, for example 5%, calculated on the weight of the support material.
  • a tobacco smoking article in which the smoke is adapted to be filtered over substantially the entire unsmoked length thereof which comprises:
  • a cylindrical cigarette body having a mouthpiece end and an ignition end and divided into an annular outer portion made of tobacco smoking material and a central cylindrical core portion made of a tobacco smoke lter material other than tobacco with both portions extending for substantially the entire length of the cigarette ⁇ body;
  • a tubular heat destructible smoke impervious barrier positioned between the inner surface of the annular tobacco smoking material portion and the cylindrical ilter material core portion whereby when the tobacco smoking material is ignited at the ignition end and is smoked from the mouthpiece end a major portion of the tobacco smoke will be drawn through the lter material to the mouthpiece end of the cigarette for the entire unsmoked length of the cigarette.
  • annular region is closed towards the mouth end of the article by a barrier of smoke-impervious non-combustible material.

Landscapes

  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
US756917A 1967-09-07 1968-09-03 Smoking articles Expired - Lifetime US3614956A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4097167 1967-09-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3614956A true US3614956A (en) 1971-10-26

Family

ID=10417510

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US756917A Expired - Lifetime US3614956A (en) 1967-09-07 1968-09-03 Smoking articles

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3614956A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR6802104D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1228747A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4142534A (en) * 1975-09-04 1979-03-06 Victor Brantl Reduction of toxic substances in tobacco smoke
US4219031A (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-08-26 Philip Morris Incorporated Smoking product having core of fibrillar carbonized matter
WO1984001274A1 (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-12 Pierre G Steiner Smoking devices without absorption of tar
US4727888A (en) * 1985-02-01 1988-03-01 British-American Tobacco Company Limited Smoking articles
US4756318A (en) * 1985-10-28 1988-07-12 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article with tobacco jacket
US4771795A (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-09-20 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article with dual burn rate fuel element
US4793365A (en) * 1984-09-14 1988-12-27 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
EP0321740A1 (de) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 British-American Tobacco (Germany) GmbH Koaxialcigarette
US4854331A (en) * 1984-09-14 1989-08-08 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
DE3836210C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1988-10-24 1989-10-12 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De
US4903712A (en) * 1984-12-19 1990-02-27 Tobacco Research And Development Institute Limited Cigarettes and methods of making them
US4917128A (en) * 1985-10-28 1990-04-17 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Cigarette
DE3904948C1 (en) * 1989-02-17 1990-05-10 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De Coaxial filter for a smokeable article
US4942887A (en) * 1987-06-15 1990-07-24 Fabriques De Tabac Reunies, S.A. Filter mouthpiece for a smoking article
EP0378788A1 (de) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-25 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken GmbH Koaxiale Filtercigarette
US4955397A (en) * 1989-07-10 1990-09-11 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Cigarette
US5027836A (en) * 1984-12-21 1991-07-02 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Insulated smoking article
US5042509A (en) * 1984-09-14 1991-08-27 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for making aerosol generating cartridge
US5052413A (en) * 1987-02-27 1991-10-01 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for making a smoking article and components for use therein
US5067499A (en) * 1984-09-14 1991-11-26 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
DE4107522A1 (de) * 1991-03-08 1992-09-10 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Koaxialcigarette
DE4127420A1 (de) * 1991-08-19 1993-02-25 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Koaxiale filtercigarette
US5265626A (en) * 1989-01-17 1993-11-30 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Coaxial filter cigarette
WO1999034697A1 (en) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-15 Philip Morris Products Inc. Cigarette having reduced sidestream smoke
US5996589A (en) * 1998-03-03 1999-12-07 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Aerosol-delivery smoking article
US20050066985A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Borschke August Joseph Smokable rod for a cigarette
US20050066986A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Nestor Timothy Brian Smokable rod for a cigarette
US20050081869A1 (en) * 1997-06-19 2005-04-21 Biggs Philip J. Smoking article
US7726320B2 (en) 2006-10-18 2010-06-01 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco-containing smoking article
EP2241203A2 (en) 2006-03-16 2010-10-20 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking Article
EP2486812A1 (en) 2006-03-16 2012-08-15 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
US10188140B2 (en) 2005-08-01 2019-01-29 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
CN110250569A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-20 武汉微动机器人科技有限公司 一种卧式横纵盘离心爆珠在线植入装置
US10492542B1 (en) 2011-08-09 2019-12-03 Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. Smoking articles and use thereof for yielding inhalation materials
US11123501B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2021-09-21 Nicoventures Holdings Limited Electronic vapor provision system
US11213638B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2022-01-04 Nicoventures Trading Limited Vapor provision system
US11241043B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2022-02-08 Nicoventures Trading Limited Vapor provision apparatus
US11576426B2 (en) 2017-08-01 2023-02-14 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Modular tobacco industry product
US11659868B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2023-05-30 Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. Control body for an electronic smoking article

Families Citing this family (18)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4924886A (en) * 1988-11-21 1990-05-15 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Smoking article
US8573230B2 (en) * 2005-12-12 2013-11-05 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with coaxial tobacco rod
US7987856B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2011-08-02 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with bypass channel
US8240315B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2012-08-14 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with improved delivery profile
BRPI0709264B1 (pt) 2006-03-28 2018-09-18 Philip Morris Products Sa artigo para fumar com um restritor
US8353298B2 (en) 2006-07-12 2013-01-15 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with impaction filter segment
US8424539B2 (en) 2006-08-08 2013-04-23 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with single piece restrictor and chamber
BRPI0718607A2 (pt) * 2006-11-13 2013-12-17 Philip Morris Prod Artigo para fumante com um restritor de escoamento.
US8235056B2 (en) 2006-12-29 2012-08-07 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with concentric hollow core in tobacco rod and capsule containing flavorant and aerosol forming agents in the filter system
TW200911141A (en) 2007-03-09 2009-03-16 Philip Morris Prod Super recessed filter cigarette restrictor
TW200911138A (en) 2007-03-09 2009-03-16 Philip Morris Prod Smoking articles with restrictor and aerosol former
US8424540B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2013-04-23 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with valved restrictor
AR080556A1 (es) 2009-10-09 2012-04-18 Philip Morris Prod Diseno de filtro para mejorar el perfil sensorial de articulos para fumar con boquilla de filtro de carbono
US8905037B2 (en) 2009-10-15 2014-12-09 Philip Morris Inc. Enhanced subjective activated carbon cigarette
TW201204272A (en) 2010-03-26 2012-02-01 Philip Morris Prod Smoking articles with significantly reduced gas vapor phase smoking constituents
WO2011129701A1 (en) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Mark Rooijakkers Filter for a cigarette or joint
WO2013181676A1 (en) * 2012-06-08 2013-12-12 Sargsyan Sos Cigarette
GB201315492D0 (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-10-16 British American Tobacco Co Smoking Article

Cited By (88)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4142534A (en) * 1975-09-04 1979-03-06 Victor Brantl Reduction of toxic substances in tobacco smoke
US4219031A (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-08-26 Philip Morris Incorporated Smoking product having core of fibrillar carbonized matter
WO1984001274A1 (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-12 Pierre G Steiner Smoking devices without absorption of tar
US5076292A (en) * 1984-09-14 1991-12-31 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
US4793365A (en) * 1984-09-14 1988-12-27 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
US4854331A (en) * 1984-09-14 1989-08-08 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
US5067499A (en) * 1984-09-14 1991-11-26 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
US5042509A (en) * 1984-09-14 1991-08-27 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for making aerosol generating cartridge
US4903712A (en) * 1984-12-19 1990-02-27 Tobacco Research And Development Institute Limited Cigarettes and methods of making them
US5027836A (en) * 1984-12-21 1991-07-02 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Insulated smoking article
US4727888A (en) * 1985-02-01 1988-03-01 British-American Tobacco Company Limited Smoking articles
US4756318A (en) * 1985-10-28 1988-07-12 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article with tobacco jacket
US4917128A (en) * 1985-10-28 1990-04-17 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Cigarette
US4771795A (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-09-20 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article with dual burn rate fuel element
US5052413A (en) * 1987-02-27 1991-10-01 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for making a smoking article and components for use therein
US4942887A (en) * 1987-06-15 1990-07-24 Fabriques De Tabac Reunies, S.A. Filter mouthpiece for a smoking article
JPH0785709B2 (ja) 1987-12-22 1995-09-20 ベー．アー．テー．ツィガレッテンファブリケン ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフトュング 同軸型シガレット
EP0321740A1 (de) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 British-American Tobacco (Germany) GmbH Koaxialcigarette
US4874004A (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-10-17 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Coaxial cigarette
US4986287A (en) * 1988-10-24 1991-01-22 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Coaxial cigarette
EP0365882A1 (de) * 1988-10-24 1990-05-02 British-American Tobacco (Germany) GmbH Koaxialcigarette
DE3836210C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1988-10-24 1989-10-12 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De
US5265626A (en) * 1989-01-17 1993-11-30 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Coaxial filter cigarette
EP0378788A1 (de) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-25 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken GmbH Koaxiale Filtercigarette
DE3901226C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-26 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De
AU621451B2 (en) * 1989-01-17 1992-03-12 British-American Tobacco (Germany) Gmbh Coaxial filter cigarette
DE3904948C1 (en) * 1989-02-17 1990-05-10 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De Coaxial filter for a smokeable article
US4955397A (en) * 1989-07-10 1990-09-11 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Cigarette
DE4107522A1 (de) * 1991-03-08 1992-09-10 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Koaxialcigarette
US5388596A (en) * 1991-03-08 1995-02-14 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Coaxial cigarette
DE4127420A1 (de) * 1991-08-19 1993-02-25 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Koaxiale filtercigarette
US5379789A (en) * 1991-08-19 1995-01-10 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Coaxial filter cigarette
US20050081869A1 (en) * 1997-06-19 2005-04-21 Biggs Philip J. Smoking article
US7398783B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2008-07-15 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
WO1999034697A1 (en) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-15 Philip Morris Products Inc. Cigarette having reduced sidestream smoke
US20020174875A1 (en) * 1998-01-06 2002-11-28 Nichols Walter A. Cigarette having reduced sidestream smoke
US6823873B2 (en) 1998-01-06 2004-11-30 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Cigarette having reduced sidestream smoke
US5996589A (en) * 1998-03-03 1999-12-07 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Aerosol-delivery smoking article
US20050066985A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Borschke August Joseph Smokable rod for a cigarette
US20050066986A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Nestor Timothy Brian Smokable rod for a cigarette
US7503330B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2009-03-17 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smokable rod for a cigarette
US20090151739A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2009-06-18 August Joseph Borschke Smokable Rod for a Cigarette
US7753056B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2010-07-13 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smokable rod for a cigarette
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US11659868B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2023-05-30 Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. Control body for an electronic smoking article
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US11241043B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2022-02-08 Nicoventures Trading Limited Vapor provision apparatus
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US11123501B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2021-09-21 Nicoventures Holdings Limited Electronic vapor provision system
US11576426B2 (en) 2017-08-01 2023-02-14 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Modular tobacco industry product
CN110250569B (zh) * 2019-06-25 2024-04-26 武汉微动机器人科技有限公司 一种卧式横纵盘离心爆珠在线植入装置
CN110250569A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-20 武汉微动机器人科技有限公司 一种卧式横纵盘离心爆珠在线植入装置

Also Published As

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DE1792440A1 (de) 1971-11-18
DE1792440B2 (de) 1977-06-16
BR6802104D0 (pt) 1973-02-06
GB1228747A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-15

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