US3612419A - Agitator - Google Patents

Agitator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3612419A
US3612419A US650392A US3612419DA US3612419A US 3612419 A US3612419 A US 3612419A US 650392 A US650392 A US 650392A US 3612419D A US3612419D A US 3612419DA US 3612419 A US3612419 A US 3612419A
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United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
agitator
arms
arm
activation
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Expired - Lifetime
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US650392A
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Andrew Szegvari
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UNION PROCESS INTERNATIONAL Inc AN OH CORP
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Individual
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Assigned to UNION PROCESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AN OH CORP. reassignment UNION PROCESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AN OH CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ARNO, SZEGVARI, ADMINISTRATOR, DBN/WWA OF THE ESTATE OF ANDREW SZEGVARI, DEC`D
Assigned to SZEGVARI, ARNO ADMINISTRATOR DE BONIS NON OF THE ESTATE OF ANDREW SZEGVARI, DEC'D. reassignment SZEGVARI, ARNO ADMINISTRATOR DE BONIS NON OF THE ESTATE OF ANDREW SZEGVARI, DEC'D. LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE MARCH 27, 1981. Assignors: SZEGVARI, ANDREW, DEC'D.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B02C17/163—Stirring means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0722—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis perpendicular with respect to the rotating axis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for agitating balls in a ves-- sel, the balls being substantially spherical and all being of substantially the same size.
  • a novel agitator is used, which comprises a vertical shaft to which arms are attached.
  • a cylindrical and erect vessel is used which contains but a single agitator, the vessel may comprise two or three or more agitators.
  • the device is used primarily for grinding, usually in a liquid medium, but it may be used for agitation as for the mixing of immiscible liquids.
  • the agitator is operated at such a speed as to impart kinetic activation to the balls so that they are kept in a state of continuous agitation, contacting one another and the wall of the vessel, with no more than a small portion of the balls contained in a relatively quiescent state in the bottom of the vessel.
  • each arm or the shaft, or both will be indented so that the arm fits snugly against the shaft, and it is preferable to attach the arm to the shaft by means such as one or more screws which pass through the shaft into each arm rather than passing a screw or the like through the arm and thence into the shaft, because the latter tends to weaken the arm.
  • the arms may be attached symmetrically to the shaft so that the same length of arm extends outwardly from each side of the point at which the arm is fastened to the shaft, it is preferable to have the ends of the arms asymmetrical.
  • the arms are attached so that the distance from the point of attachment to the portion of the arm projecting in one direction is several timessuch as 1 wt to three times-the length of the arm projecting in the other direction from the point of attachment. In this situation it is preferable to have the shorter portion of the arm pointed at its end and to have the end of the longer portion of the arm enlarged.
  • the arms need not be straight but the ends may curve somewhat as, for example, by having one end curve slightly in the direction toward the shaft and the other curving slightly in the opposite direction.
  • the arms may be circular in cross section or they may be oval, rectangular or diamond shaped, but preferably have cross sections the shape of a teardrop with the pointed portion pointing in the direction opposite the direction in which the shaft is rotated. If the arms are rectangular in cross section, it is preferable to have the horizontal dimension the larger dimension.
  • An agitator may, for example, be 8 or 10 or more inches in length and will usually be no greater than one-half to 3 inches in diameter.
  • the arms may each measure about one-fourth to one-half of a square inch in cross-sectional area.
  • Such an agitator and a vessel measuring 36 inches high and about 9 inches in diameter with arms which are of the same cross-sectional area throughout but fastened to the shaft at a location nearer one end of each arm than the other, with the agitator operating at a speed of 300 to 1,000 rpm. will give efficient agitation.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical view of an agitator and grinding media in a vessel, shown in phantom;
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a different agitator, showing the shaft in section;
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical view of an agitator shaft and arm shown in section, illustrating the preferred method of attachment of the arm to the shaft;
  • FIG. 4 is a section through a shaft with a modified arm attached thereto.
  • FIG. 5 is a section through a shaft with still a different arm attached thereto.
  • the shaft 5 is located vertically in the cylindrical vessel 7 and the shaft is rotated about its axis by driving means (not shown). Arms 8 are attached at their midpoints to the shaft. Only four arms are shown although in practice the arms may be staggered over the entire length of the shaft.
  • the vessel includes grinding media 9.
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section through shaft 10 to which four arms 11, staggered along the length of the shaft, are attached. The attachment is not at the midpoint of the arms.
  • the shaft is preferably rotated in the direction of the arrow.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a preferred method of attaching an arm 15 to shaft 16.
  • the screw 17 passes through the shaft, but does not pass entirely through the arm because this would weaken it.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of a shaft 20 to which is attached the arm 21 which is of circular cross section throughout its length. It is pointed at its forward end and its rear end is of increasingly larger diameter than its main portion.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of a shaft 25 to which is attached the arm 26. As the arm is rotated it travels in a horizontal plane. Its forward end flares away from the shaft and its rear end is bent toward the shaft.
  • An erect cylindrical vessel with a height at least four times the diameter which vessel contains substantially spherical grinding elements all of substantially the same size and is equipped with an agitator rotatable about its axis, with means for rotating the agitator at a sufficiently high rate of speed to impart kinetic activation to the grinding elements so that substantially all of them are kept in a state of continuous activation, said equipment being characterized by the fact that the agitator is composed of a vertical shaft having arms for activation of the grinding elements tangentially attached directly to it, each arm having its opposite ends exposed and being attached to the shaft at only one location, the respective ends of the arm being of substantially different cross sections so that the outlines of the liquid displaced thereby are substantially different.
  • An erect cylindrical vessel with a height at least four times the diameter which vessel contains substantially spherical grinding elements all of substantially the same size and is equipped with an agitator rotatable about its axis, with means for rotating the agitator at a sufficiently high rate of speed to impart kinetic activation to the grinding elements so that substantially all of them are kept in a state of continuous activation, said equipment being characterized by the fact that the agitator is composed of a vertical shaft having arms for activation of the grinding elements tangentially attached directly to it, each arm having its opposite ends exposed and being attached to the shaft at only one location, the forward end of most arms is pointed and the rear end is bluntly enlarged.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

For agitation-that is, either for grinding or for mixingsubstantially spherical agitating elements are kept in a state of continuous agitation by means of an agitator formed of a vertical shaft with arms attached tangentially to the shaft. The arms may be straight or curved. Usually the arms are so attached that the distance from the point of attachment to one end of the arm is several times the distance from the point of attachment to the other end of the arm.

Description

United States Patent Andrew Szegvari 201 Castle Blvd., Akron, Ohio 44313 650,392
June 30, 1967 Oct. 12, 1971 Aug. 9, 1966 Great Britain inventor Appl. No. Filed Patented Priority AGITATOR 2 Claims, 5 Drawing Figs.
U.S. Cl 241/172 Int. Cl 1302c 17/16 Field of Search 51/7; 241/172; 259/134-137 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1/19g) l(lock.
Wulftange 259/136 Jones 259/107 Lodige. 241/172 X Rand 259/136UX Wadham 241/172 Primary Examiner-Harold D. Whitehead Attorney-Gordon C. Mack ABSTRACT: For agitation-that is, either for grinding or for mixingsubstantially spherical agitating elements are kept in a state of continuous agitation by means of an agitator formed of a vertical shaft with arms attached tangentially to the shaft. The arms may be straight or curved, Usually the arms are so attached that the distance from the point of attachment to one end of the arm is several times the distance from the point of attachment to the other end of the arm.
PATENTEDUETIZISYI w 3.612.419
, sum 10F 2 F'TUIIEL l l l INVENTOR $4M BY WfM ATTORNEY PATENIED 001121971 3,612,418 SHEET 2 OF 2 INVENTOR QM 4% ATTORNEY This invention relates to a device for agitating balls in a ves-- sel, the balls being substantially spherical and all being of substantially the same size. A novel agitator is used, which comprises a vertical shaft to which arms are attached. Although usually a cylindrical and erect vessel is used which contains but a single agitator, the vessel may comprise two or three or more agitators. The device is used primarily for grinding, usually in a liquid medium, but it may be used for agitation as for the mixing of immiscible liquids.
The agitator is operated at such a speed as to impart kinetic activation to the balls so that they are kept in a state of continuous agitation, contacting one another and the wall of the vessel, with no more than a small portion of the balls contained in a relatively quiescent state in the bottom of the vessel.
It has been previously proposed to use for this purpose an agitator in which the arms pass through the vertical shaft. It has also been proposed to attach to the vertical shaft a series of annular rings located eccentrically with respect to the shaft, with the rings secured by spacing rings located around the shaft, and the adjacent rings at different angles of eccentricity with respect to one another.
There are a plurality of arms attached to the shaft of this invention, and although generally the arms are straight, they need not necessarily be straight although they are not continuous as in a circle, but have exposed ends. It has been found that by attaching the arms tangentially to the shaft, more efficient agitation is obtained than if the arms pass through the center of the shaft. Moreover, it has been found that the agitator of this invention is more efficient than the agitator in which rings are located eccentrically about the shaft.
Usually in attaching the arms to the shaft, either each arm or the shaft, or both, will be indented so that the arm fits snugly against the shaft, and it is preferable to attach the arm to the shaft by means such as one or more screws which pass through the shaft into each arm rather than passing a screw or the like through the arm and thence into the shaft, because the latter tends to weaken the arm.
Although the arms may be attached symmetrically to the shaft so that the same length of arm extends outwardly from each side of the point at which the arm is fastened to the shaft, it is preferable to have the ends of the arms asymmetrical. In a preferred arrangement the arms are attached so that the distance from the point of attachment to the portion of the arm projecting in one direction is several timessuch as 1 wt to three times-the length of the arm projecting in the other direction from the point of attachment. In this situation it is preferable to have the shorter portion of the arm pointed at its end and to have the end of the longer portion of the arm enlarged.
As an alternative arrangement, the arms need not be straight but the ends may curve somewhat as, for example, by having one end curve slightly in the direction toward the shaft and the other curving slightly in the opposite direction.
The arms may be circular in cross section or they may be oval, rectangular or diamond shaped, but preferably have cross sections the shape of a teardrop with the pointed portion pointing in the direction opposite the direction in which the shaft is rotated. If the arms are rectangular in cross section, it is preferable to have the horizontal dimension the larger dimension.
Although it is possible to have two or perhaps three of the arms fastened to the same cross-sectional area of the shaft, it is preferable to stagger the arms so that on rotation the volumes of the contents of the vessel through which they pass do not overlap.
An agitator may, for example, be 8 or 10 or more inches in length and will usually be no greater than one-half to 3 inches in diameter. The arms may each measure about one-fourth to one-half of a square inch in cross-sectional area. Such an agitator and a vessel measuring 36 inches high and about 9 inches in diameter with arms which are of the same cross-sectional area throughout but fastened to the shaft at a location nearer one end of each arm than the other, with the agitator operating at a speed of 300 to 1,000 rpm. will give efficient agitation.
The invention is further described in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a vertical view of an agitator and grinding media in a vessel, shown in phantom;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a different agitator, showing the shaft in section;
FIG. 3 is a vertical view of an agitator shaft and arm shown in section, illustrating the preferred method of attachment of the arm to the shaft;
FIG. 4 is a section through a shaft with a modified arm attached thereto; and
FIG. 5 is a section through a shaft with still a different arm attached thereto.
In FIG. 1 the shaft 5 is located vertically in the cylindrical vessel 7 and the shaft is rotated about its axis by driving means (not shown). Arms 8 are attached at their midpoints to the shaft. Only four arms are shown although in practice the arms may be staggered over the entire length of the shaft. The vessel includes grinding media 9.
FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section through shaft 10 to which four arms 11, staggered along the length of the shaft, are attached. The attachment is not at the midpoint of the arms. The shaft is preferably rotated in the direction of the arrow.
FIG. 3 illustrates a preferred method of attaching an arm 15 to shaft 16. The screw 17 passes through the shaft, but does not pass entirely through the arm because this would weaken it.
FIG. 4 is a top view of a shaft 20 to which is attached the arm 21 which is of circular cross section throughout its length. It is pointed at its forward end and its rear end is of increasingly larger diameter than its main portion.
FIG. 5 is a top view of a shaft 25 to which is attached the arm 26. As the arm is rotated it travels in a horizontal plane. Its forward end flares away from the shaft and its rear end is bent toward the shaft.
I claim:
1. An erect cylindrical vessel with a height at least four times the diameter which vessel contains substantially spherical grinding elements all of substantially the same size and is equipped with an agitator rotatable about its axis, with means for rotating the agitator at a sufficiently high rate of speed to impart kinetic activation to the grinding elements so that substantially all of them are kept in a state of continuous activation, said equipment being characterized by the fact that the agitator is composed of a vertical shaft having arms for activation of the grinding elements tangentially attached directly to it, each arm having its opposite ends exposed and being attached to the shaft at only one location, the respective ends of the arm being of substantially different cross sections so that the outlines of the liquid displaced thereby are substantially different.
2. An erect cylindrical vessel with a height at least four times the diameter which vessel contains substantially spherical grinding elements all of substantially the same size and is equipped with an agitator rotatable about its axis, with means for rotating the agitator at a sufficiently high rate of speed to impart kinetic activation to the grinding elements so that substantially all of them are kept in a state of continuous activation, said equipment being characterized by the fact that the agitator is composed of a vertical shaft having arms for activation of the grinding elements tangentially attached directly to it, each arm having its opposite ends exposed and being attached to the shaft at only one location, the forward end of most arms is pointed and the rear end is bluntly enlarged.

Claims (2)

1. An erect cylindrical vessel with a height at least four times the diameter which vessel contains substantially spherical grinding elements all of substantially the same size and is equipped with an agitator rotatable about its axis, with means for rotating the agitator at a sufficiently high rate of speed to impart kinetic activation to the grinding elements so that substantially all of them are kept in a state of continuous activation, said equipment being characterized by the fact that the agitator is composed of a vertical shaft having arms for activation of the grinding elements tangentially attached directly to it, each arm having its opposite ends exposed and being attached to the shaft at only one location, the respeCtive ends of the arm being of substantially different cross sections so that the outlines of the liquid displaced thereby are substantially different.
2. An erect cylindrical vessel with a height at least four times the diameter which vessel contains substantially spherical grinding elements all of substantially the same size and is equipped with an agitator rotatable about its axis, with means for rotating the agitator at a sufficiently high rate of speed to impart kinetic activation to the grinding elements so that substantially all of them are kept in a state of continuous activation, said equipment being characterized by the fact that the agitator is composed of a vertical shaft having arms for activation of the grinding elements tangentially attached directly to it, each arm having its opposite ends exposed and being attached to the shaft at only one location, the forward end of most arms is pointed and the rear end is bluntly enlarged.
US650392A 1966-08-09 1967-06-30 Agitator Expired - Lifetime US3612419A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB35542/66A GB1177504A (en) 1966-08-09 1966-08-09 Improvements in or relating to Grinding or Mixing Apparatus.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4909448A (en) * 1987-02-27 1990-03-20 F. L. Smidth & Co. A/S Method of granulating lime powder or the like
US5593097A (en) * 1994-06-10 1997-01-14 Eastman Kodak Company Micro media mill and method of its use

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US641869A (en) * 1899-06-15 1900-01-23 Albert S Barr Grain cleaner or beater.
US1071379A (en) * 1912-12-13 1913-08-26 Fred J Meyers Mfg Company Sifter.
US2991051A (en) * 1958-11-13 1961-07-04 David W Jones Agitator paddle
US3018059A (en) * 1958-01-08 1962-01-23 Lodige Wilhelm Process and an apparatus for mixing and comminuting materials
US3156248A (en) * 1962-03-20 1964-11-10 Dow Chemical Co Cleaning apparatus
US3332628A (en) * 1963-05-23 1967-07-25 Wadham Henry Method of and apparatus for mixing, grinding, dispersing or dissolving materials comprising solid particles in a liquid

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US641869A (en) * 1899-06-15 1900-01-23 Albert S Barr Grain cleaner or beater.
US1071379A (en) * 1912-12-13 1913-08-26 Fred J Meyers Mfg Company Sifter.
US3018059A (en) * 1958-01-08 1962-01-23 Lodige Wilhelm Process and an apparatus for mixing and comminuting materials
US2991051A (en) * 1958-11-13 1961-07-04 David W Jones Agitator paddle
US3156248A (en) * 1962-03-20 1964-11-10 Dow Chemical Co Cleaning apparatus
US3332628A (en) * 1963-05-23 1967-07-25 Wadham Henry Method of and apparatus for mixing, grinding, dispersing or dissolving materials comprising solid particles in a liquid

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4909448A (en) * 1987-02-27 1990-03-20 F. L. Smidth & Co. A/S Method of granulating lime powder or the like
US5593097A (en) * 1994-06-10 1997-01-14 Eastman Kodak Company Micro media mill and method of its use

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Publication number Publication date
NL6710915A (en) 1968-02-12
DE1607593A1 (en) 1969-10-02
GB1177504A (en) 1970-01-14

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: UNION PROCESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 1925 AKRON-PENIN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ARNO, SZEGVARI, ADMINISTRATOR, DBN/WWA OF THE ESTATE OF ANDREW SZEGVARI, DEC`D;REEL/FRAME:004303/0006

Effective date: 19840306

AS Assignment

Owner name: SZEGVARI, ARNO ADMINISTRATOR DE BONIS NON OF THE E

Free format text: LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION;ASSIGNOR:SZEGVARI, ANDREW, DEC D.;REEL/FRAME:004300/0101

Effective date: 19840628