Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/384—Animal products
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids

Definitions

• a built detergent composition of the nitrilotriacetic acid type characterized by improved soil anti-redeposition comprising a synthetic detergent, a builder of a polyphosphate builder salt in combination with sodium nitrilotriacetate and as a soil anti-redeposition agent, the combination of carboxymethylcellulose and a gelatin protein.
• the present invention relates to detergent compositions containing certain detergent surfactants, certain detergent builders, and certain soil anti-redeposition agent compositions.
• the present invention relates to a built detergent composition containing a detergent compound, a polyphosphate builder salt, sodium nitrilotriacetate, and, a synergistic admixture of carboxy methylcellulose and a gelatin protein, which composition is characterized by improved soil anti-redeposition.
• Whiteness maintenance is generally understood to be the capacity of the detergent composition to suspend the soil in solution once the soil has been removed from the fabric and prevent its redeposition on the washed fabric. If the detergent composition has poor soil suspending properties and the soil is allowed to be redeposited on the washed fabric, the fabric presents a shoddy, grey appearance which is undesirable to the detergent used.
• Addition of known soil anti-redeposition agents such as carboxymethylcellulose (hereinafter CMC) to built detergents such as the SNTA/STP type provides improvement in preventing soil redeposition but such addition does not completely eliminate soil redeposition.
• CMC carboxymethylcellulose
• a built detergent composition of the SNTA/STP type which is characterized by improved whiteness maintenance comprising:
• a detergent builder comprising nitrilotriacetic acid and salts thereof in combination with an inorganic, water-soluble, alkaline, condensed polyphosphate builder salt;
• a soil anti-redeposition composition comprising an ionic, water-soluble cellulose ether and salts thereof in combination with a gelatin protein such as animal glue or gelatin.
• the detergent substances for use in the present invention include anionic synthetic non-soap detergents, nonionic synthetic detergents, ampholytic synthetic detergents and zwitterionic synthetic detergents and mixtures thereof.
• Anionic synthetic non-soap detergents can be broadly described as the water soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal salts, of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid ester radicals.
• alkyl is the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
• the synthetic detergents which form a part of the preferred compositions of the present invention are the sodium or potassium alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alcohols (Cg-C13 carbon atoms) produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut oil; sodium or potassium alkyl benzene sulfonates, in which the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, including those of the types described in United States Letters Patents Nos.
• the alkyl radical can be a straight or branched aliphatic chain
• sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil
• the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil
• Nonionic synthetic detergents can be broadly defined as compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature.
• the length of the hydrophilic or polyoxyalkylene radical which is condensed with any particular hydrophobic group can be readily adjusted to yield to a Water soluble compound having the desired degree of balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic elements.
• nonionic synthetic detergents is made available on the market under the trade name of Pluronic. These compounds are formed by condensing ethylene oxide with an hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol.
• the hydrophobic portion of the molecule which, of course, exhibits water insolubility, has a molecular weight of from about 1500 to 1800.
• the addition of polyoxyethylene radicals to this hydrophobic portion tends to increase the water solubility of the molecule as a whole and the liquid character of the product is retained up to the point where polyoxyethylene content is about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product.
• nonionic synthetic detergents include:
• the polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols e.g., the condensation products of alkyl phenols, having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to 12 carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to to moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
• the alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derived from polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octene, or nonene, for example.
• Nonionic synthetic detergents derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the product resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine For example, compounds containing from about 40% to about 80% polyoxyethylene by weight and having a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 11,000 resulting from the reaction of ethylene oxide groups with a hydrophobic base constituted to the reaction product of ethylene diamine and excess propylene oxide, said base having a molecular weight of the order of 2,500 to 3,000, are satisfactory.
• R R R NeO Long chain tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the following general formula, R R R NeO, wherein R is an alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and R and R are each methyl or ethyl radicals.
• the arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semi-polar bond.
• amine oxides suitable for use in this invention include dimethyldodecyl amine oxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyldecylamine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.
• phosphine oxides examples include:dodecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecylmethylethylphosphine oxide, cetyldimethylphosphine oxide, stearyldimethylphosphine oxide, cetylethylpropylphosphine oxide, dodecyldiethylphosphine oxide, tetradecyldiethylphosphine oxide, dodecyldipropylphosphine oxide, dodecyldi(hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide, dodecyldi(Z-hydroxyethyl) phosphine oxide, tetradecyl-methyl-Z-hydroxypropyl phosphine oxide, oleyldimethylphosphine oxide, and 2-hydroxydodecylmethylphosphine oxide.
• Ampholytic synthetic detergents can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, in which the aliphatic radical may be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phosphato, or phosphono. Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium-3- dodecylaminopropionate and sodium-3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate.
• Zwitterionic synthetic detergents can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radical may be straight chain or branched, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phosphato, or phosphono.
• Examples of compounds falling within this definition are 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) propane-l-sulfonate and 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N- hexadecylammonio)2-hydroxy propane-l-sulfonate which are especially preferred for their excellent cool water detergency characteristics.
• anionic, nonionic, ampholytic and Zwitterionic detergent surfactants mentioned above can be used singly or in combination in the practice of the present invention.
• the above examples are merely specific illustrations of the numerous detergents which can find application within the scope of this invention.
• Other surfactants within the prescribed classes can also be used.
• the foregoing detergent compounds can be made into any of the several commercially desirable composition forms, for example, grannular, flake, liquid and tablet forms.
• the detergent builder mixture in the composition of the present invention comprises an inorganic water-soluble, alkaline, condensed polyphosphate builder in combina tion with a water-soluble alkali metal salt of NTA.
• the inorganic phosphate builders can be any of the salts of acids of phosphorus which possess builder activity. Illustrative are the alkali metal salts of phosphoric acid, e.g., trisodium phosphate, the alkali metal salts of pyrophosphoric acid, e.g., sodium pyrophosphate and the alkali metal salts of polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphates (STP).
• STP sodium tripolyphosphates
• the phosphate builders are given as illustrative and the invention is not intended to be limited thereto nor to alkali metal salts of the specific acids nor specifically to sodium salts, though the sodium and potassium salts are the preferred materials. More preferably, the phosphate builder is sodium tripolyphosphate (STP).
• STP sodium tripolyphosphate
• the water soluble alkali metal salts of nitrilotriacetic acid used in the detergent builder have the formula:
• the builder mixture can contain a variety of components, it is preferred that the builder mixtures contain STP and SNTA in as much as these mixtures exhibit important building properties with a very wide range of active detergent substances and mixtures thereof, and are also compatible with the adjuvants normally used in detergent compositions.
• the preferred builder mixture of STP and SNTA is preferably constituted so that a molar ratio of STP to SNTA of from about 4:1 to about 1:4 is obtained. Optimum results are obtained within the more preferred molar ratio of STP to SNTA of 3:1 to 1:3. These ratios are calculated on the basis of trisodium nitrilotriacetate and sodium tripolyphosphate.
• the solid anti-redeposition agent in the detergent com position of the present invention is an admixture of a gelatin protein and an ionic, water-soluble cellulose ether.
• the gelatin protein is the selective hydrolysis product of collagen, the major intercellular protein constituent of the white connective tissue of animal skin and bones. In impure form, the product is animal glue. In highly refined form, the hydrolysis product is pure gelatin.
• Glue and gelatin are derived from a number of different animal tissues, bones and hide, as well as from fish.
• the actual process for the isolation of glues or gelatin can be carried out in an acid or basic medium and the resulting products are known as acid precursor or alkaline precurv sor glues or gelatins.
• All types of animal-derived glues and gelatins no matter how processed or what their derivation, can be used in the compositions of the present invention.
• degreased or defoamed animal glues of light color such as chrome glues are utilized.
• the ionic, water-soluble cellulose ether is the etherification reaction product of an alkali cellulose with an alkali metal salt of a haloorganic acid.
• the preferred cellulose ether is carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and it is prefera'bly used in the form of its sodium salt, though other salts such as the potassium salt can also be used.
• CMC carboxymethylcellulose
• Other cellulose others can be illustrated by sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, and the like.
• the soil anti-redeposition agent can be composed of mixtures of CMC and animal glues in various weight ratios. A 50%/50% Weight ratio mixture has been found to be effective. Other weight ratio of CMC to animal glue or gelatin within the range of from about 95 to about 95% /5 can also be used. Weight ratios are determined on sodium carboxymethylcellulose and on the weight of the gelatin additive.
• the detergent compositions of this invention are preferably compounded so as to provide an aqueous working solution having a pH within the range of from about 7 to about 12, optimum building effects being obtained within this range.
• substantial amounts of alkaline ingredients such as sodium silicate, can be added to the detergent mixture.
• This additive is normally added to built detergent systems at low levels of up to 6% as a corrosion inhibitor.
• Alkalinity control is effected by using about or more, as desired.
• the pH is maintained within the range of from about 9 to about 11.
• the detergent compositions of this invention are preferably used to provide a pH in aqueous washing solution within a pH range of from 7 to 12, the optimum building effects being obtained within this range. Washing temperatures usually range from about 80 F. to about 200 F. Fabrics are preferably rinsed and dried after washing.
• compositions provide excellent cleaning and whiteness maintenance results especially when hard water is used for washing or when high soil levels in the fabrics being washed are encountered, especially inorganic and carbonaceous particulate soils.
• EXAMPLE Detergent compositions using the components and the amounts set forth in Table I, are prepared by placing weighed amounts of the listed components into /2 gallon jars along with some porcelain balls. Each jar is rolled for 24 hours to insure thorough mixing. Sample D which contains both CMC and animal glue is a detergent mixture prepared in accordance with the present invention. Three different control samples are also prepared, the first having no soil anti-redeposition agent (A), the second containing only CMC (B) and the third containing only animal glue (C). All compositions were tested for soil anti-redeposition action. The results are also reported in Table I.
• the soil anti-redeposition agent is generally utilized in an amount of from about 0.25% to about 3.00%.
• the total amount of soil anti-redeposition agent in the detergent mixture is within the range of about 0.75% to about 1.5%.
• the remainder of the detergent mixture is preferably composed of from about 5% to about 30% detergent, from about 15% to about builder, from about 3% to about 15% sodium silicate and from about 0% to about 50% of a filler, e.g., sodium sulfate.
• the amount of detergent and builder used to prepare a detergent composition varies with the ultimate use of the composition and such compositions are easily formulated by one skilled in the art. All percentages herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.
• detergent compositions including the compositions of this invention, will ordinarily contain various ingredients for special purposes.
• they can contain suds builders, suds depressants, anti-corrosion agents, dyes, fiuorescers, perfumes and the like, without interfering with the basic chrome glue, 24 mesh, Bloom value of 60 grams defoamed and of light color.
• the detergent solution having no soil anti-redeposition agent therein (A) showed a very high reduction in the reflectance capabilities of the cloth. This indicates that an excess amount of soil remained on the cloth.
• the addition of one percent carboxymethylcellulose (B) or 1% animal glue (C) to the detergent compositions partially reduces soil anti-redeposition.
• the reflectance change is markedly reduced indicating substantial soil anti-redeposition action.
• the combination of CMC and animal glue provides a SNTA built detergent with significantly improved properties in the area of soil anti-redeposition.
• soil anti-redeposition properties of a detergent mixture was accomplished by: adding a known perature 110 F., agitator 100 rpm; Water 300 p.p.m. 10
• test solution 0.4 gm., laboratory detergent+0.5 gm. Colloidal Graphite per liter of solution.
• a detergent composition consisting essentially of:

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• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Cited By (6)

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• 1968
  • 1968-05-24 US US731742A patent/US3594324A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1969
  • 1969-05-08 GB GB1259551D patent/GB1259551A/en not_active Expired
  • 1969-05-22 DE DE19691926027 patent/DE1926027A1/de active Pending
  • 1969-05-23 FR FR6917062A patent/FR2009947A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1969-05-23 SE SE07363/69A patent/SE366061B/xx unknown

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