US3589598A - Pocket adding machine - Google Patents

Pocket adding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3589598A
US3589598A US873943A US3589598DA US3589598A US 3589598 A US3589598 A US 3589598A US 873943 A US873943 A US 873943A US 3589598D A US3589598D A US 3589598DA US 3589598 A US3589598 A US 3589598A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sprocket
shaft
driven shaft
shafts
drive
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Expired - Lifetime
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US873943A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fernand Suif
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SOC A RESPONSIBILITE DITE TOPNIT Ltee
TOPNIT SARL
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TOPNIT SARL
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06C—DIGITAL COMPUTERS IN WHICH ALL THE COMPUTATION IS EFFECTED MECHANICALLY
    • G06C1/00—Computing aids in which the computing members form at least part of the displayed result and are manipulated directly by hand, e.g. abacuses or pocket adding devices

Definitions

  • a slidable bar carrying digits visible through the operand window of the respective stage, serves to [54] sgf f fg i gf align the associated sprocket with one or more of the ribs of its aims rawmg drive shaft whereby a full revolution of the latter advances the [52] US. Cl 235/74, driven shaft by one to nine angular steps; a wheel on the 235/ 134 driven shaft, aligned with the result window of the stage, then [51 ⁇ Int. Cl. ..G06c 27/00, displays a corresponding digit therein.
  • Such miniature calculators have heretofore been of rather complex construction, owing in part to the need for providing means to transfer a carry from one denominational order (e.g. decade) to the next.
  • the general object of my invention is to provide a simplified calculator of two or more denominational orders or stages which, on account of the relatively small number of its parts, can be easily operated and can be made compact enough to fit into the users pocket.
  • I provide a preferably flat housing with a first and a second row of mutually aligned windows, the windows of one row being assigned to the digits of an operand while those of the second row are assigned to the digits of a result.
  • the housing contains a coplanar array of parallel shafts, including a drive shaft and a juxtaposed driven shaft for each denominational order or stage; although in principle the device can be used with numerical systems other than the decimal system, it will be convenient to refer to these stages simply as decades.
  • the driven shaft of each decade is of noncircular profile, preferably splined, and carries a sprocket axially slidable thereon; this sprocket is engaged by a slide which projects from the housing for selective displacement by the user and carries a set of digits that are individually alignable with the operand window of the respective decade to display a selected digit of an augend, minuend, addend, subtrahend or multiplicand.
  • the drive shaft is provided with axially staggered formations, such as ribs, which are engageable with the sprocket in different axial positions of the latter for advancing the driven shaft by different numbers of angular steps, i.e. up to nine steps in a decadic system.
  • the driven shaft carries a digit wheel whose digits are individually alignable with the associated result window so as to display a digit whose magnitude depends on the number of angular steps performed by the driven shaft.
  • the driven shaft of any higher-order decade (i.e. of any denominational order other than the lowest one) carries a further sprocket which can be axially shifted between a normal and a displaced position.
  • a rocker pivotally mounted in the housing engages this further sprocketfor shifting it under the control of the driven shaft of the next-lower decade whenever this driven shaft passes through a position requiring the transfer of a carry to the next decade.
  • a tooth on the drive shaft of this next decade then engages the shifted second sprocket to advance its driven shaft by a further angular step so as to increase (during addition) or decrease (during subtraction) the digital value read in the result window of that decade.
  • the input to the several stages may comprise a manually rotatable shaft transverse to all the drive and driven shafts and a plurality of transmission elements, one for each decade, carried on that input shaft with freedom of limited relative rotation.
  • these transmission elements are sectoral driving gears intermittently meshing with smaller driven gears on the respective drive shafts.
  • the sectoral gears of the transmission elements on the input shaft are then so dimensioned as to turn each drive shaft through a full 360 for each revolution of the input shaft; during a part of such revolution, however, the drive shafts are not entrained and can be indexed in their respective home positions.
  • the several transmission elements are interconnected by lost-motion couplings, such as angularly spaced crenellations, whereby the rotation of the drive shafts of successive decades is progressively staggered to allow for the consecutive transfer of a carry through all the higher-order stages in a single operating cycle.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view, partly in section and drawn to a larger scale, of the device shown in FIG. I;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views taken on the lines III-Ill and IV-IV, respectively, on FIG. 2.
  • the adding machine shown in FIG. 1 comprises a flat housing 1 having a row of first windows 2 and a row of second windows 5 in one of its major sides.
  • a depression 6 may be used for the insertion of a name plate or the like.
  • a group oflugs 3, respectively aligned with the windows 2 and 5, are the projecting extremities of respective sliding bars 33 (FIGS. 2 and 4) disposed within the housing, each of these bars carrying a set of digits 34 visible through the corresponding window 2 in different positions of the bar.
  • there are five such lugs 3 and slides 33 corresponding to as many decades; naturally, the number of such decades can be increased or reduced at will.
  • the numerals appearing in window 2 are the digits of an pocket adding machine em- I operand selected by the user for performing an addition, subtraction or multiplication.
  • An input shaft 8, projecting laterally from the housing 1, carries a crank arm 7 with a beveled handle 9 retractably pivoted thereto; in the retracted position ofthat handle, members 7 and 9 lie flat against one of the minor sides of the prismatic housing 1.
  • the user registers the augend or the minuend in windows 2 by selectively retracting the lugs 3 of one or more slides 33; a single revolution of shaft 8 by the crank 7 or 9 then transfers this operand to the windows 5 whereupon a second operand, i.e. an addend or a minuend, can be similarly registered in windows 2.
  • a second operand i.e. an addend or a minuend
  • the result appears in the windows 5.
  • Multiplication is carried out by registering the multiplicand in window 2 and rotating the crank 7, 9 through a number of revolutions corresponding to the desired multiplier; again, the result appears in windows 5.
  • the user registers in window 2 the number appearing in window 5 and then rotates the crank once in the subtractive (counterclockwise) sense, whereupon only zeros will be seen in windows 5.
  • zeros are also read in all the windows 2.
  • a set of nine longitudinal ribs 15 of axially staggered length are distributed over a little more than half the periphery of each drive shaft, the longest of these ribs (FIG. 3, left) extending over virtually the full length of the shaft between partitions l2 and 13.
  • a sprocket 20, whose axial width is not greater than the difference in length between successive ribs 15, is axially slidable on the splined profile of each shaft 1 l or 110, this sprocket having ten teeth engageable by the ribs 15 for advancing the shaft 11 and 11a by as many angular steps (here of 36 each) as there are ribs 15 operatively aligned with that sprocket.
  • a wheel 23 rigid with each driven shaft carries ten peripherally equispaced digits 24, these being the numerals visible through windows 5.
  • the hub of sprocket 20 is bracketed by a pair of lugs 37 on the associated slide 33, which parallels the shaft 11 or 110, whereby any displacement of this slide from its retracted position aligns the sprocket 20 with one or more ribs 15 of the corresponding drive shaft or 10a.
  • the number of ribs so aligned increases progressively with the extent of the withdrawal of the slide and corresponds to a numerical value displayed in the as signed window 2 by one of the digits 34.
  • Each slide is independently indexable in its selected position by a pair of flanking leaf springs 36 (similar to springs 14) engaging in notches 35.
  • Each shaft 10 terminates above partition 13 in a head 50 carrying an eccentric upward projection or lug 16 and a pair of radially projecting teeth 17 symmetrically disposed with reference to projection 16. More particularly, the projection 16 lies in an axial plane of shaft 10 which bisects the are occupied by the ribs and which coincides with the plane of all the shaft axes in the home position of shaft 10; the teeth 17 lie outside that arc and are symmetrically disposed with reference to the bisecting plane.
  • a second sprocket 21 is limitedly axially shiftable on each shaft 11, above the first sprocket 20 thereof, between a raised normal position and a displaced position on the level of teeth 17.
  • rocker arm 28 which is pivoted at 29 to the housing 1 and whose tip 30 engages in a groove 22 of the sprocket.
  • Rocker 28 has two dogs 31 and 32 respectively carried at its upper and lower surfaces approximately midway between its fulcrum 29 and its tip 30; the upper dog 31 coacts with a camming lug 27 on the underside of the digit wheel 23 of the next-lower stage whereas the lower dog 32 coacts with the projection 16 of the drive shaft 10 of its own stage.
  • Input shaft 8 extending transversely to the shafts 10, 10a, 11 and lla, carries a set of tubular transmission elements 40, 40a, loosely mounted thereon and a driving element 38 keyed to the shaft, the latter having crenellations 39 received without rotary play in corresponding recesses of the first element 40a associated with drive shaft 10a.
  • Each of the higherorder transmission elements 40 is provided with crenellations 42 engageable with some angular play by confronting crenellations 41 of the preceding element.
  • the tubular elements or sleeves 40, 40a are integral with sectoral bevel gears 43 which, as best seen in H0. 3, extend only over an arc of 180.
  • the shaft 10a Upon incipient rotation of shaft 8, the shaft 10a is first entrained but does not begin to drive the sprocket 20 of shaft 11a until the shaft 10 of the next-higher stage (tens decade) has left its home position so that its projection l 6 has disengaged the rocker 28 while its first tooth 17 has moved past its point of potential engagement with sprocket 21. If, in the course of that cycle, lug 27 on the units digit wheel depresses the first rocker 28, the final phase of rotation of the first shaft 10 turns the tens digit wheel by one digital step.
  • shaft 10 of the hundreds decade has also left its home position so that the second rocker 28 can be similarly predisposed for the transfer of a carry under the control of the lug 27 of the second digit wheel when the latter is entrained either by its sprocket 20 or by its sprocket 21.
  • a carry may be successively transferred from the second to the highest (here fifth) decade.
  • An adding machine comprising:
  • a housing provided with a row of first windows and a row of second windows aligned therewith, a window from each row being assigned to a respective denominational order of a numerical system;
  • said shafts including a drive shaft and a juxtaposed driven shaft for each denominational order, said driven shaft having a noncircular profile and being provided with a first sprocket axially slidable thereon, said drive shaft being provided with axially staggered formations engageable with said first sprocket in different axial positions thereof for advancing said driven shaft by different numbers of angular steps, the driven shaft of each denominational order other than the lowest one being provided with a second sprocket axially shiftable thereon between a normal and a displaced position;
  • the driven shaft of the next-lower denominational order being provided with camming means engageable with said rocker in a terminal angular position for shifting said second sprocket into said displaced position, said drive shafts having zones free from said formations confronting the associated driven shafts in a home position, the drive shaft of each denominational order otherthan the lowest one being provided with a pair of teeth disposed on opposite sides of said zone for engagement with the shifted second sprocket of the associated driven shaft toward the end of a revolution in a respective sense of rotation;
  • input means coupled with the drive shafts of all denominational orders for substantially concurrently rotating same through an angle sufficient to move all said formations thereof past a position of engagement with said first sprocket whereby the driven shaft of each denominational order is rotated through a number of angular steps corresponding to the registered operand digit
  • said input means including a plurality of transmission elements operatively connected with said drive shafts, a driving element directly connected with one of said transmission elements, and lost-motion coupling means interlinking said transmission elements for staggering the rotation of said drive shafts;
  • each driven shaft provided with a set of digits individually alignable with the associated second window to register a result digit whose magnitude depends on the number of angular steps performed by said driven shaft.
  • said driving element comprises an input shaft transverse to said set of shafts, said driving and driven gears being bevel gears, said transmission elements being carried on said input shaft for independent limited relative rotary motion.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US873943A 1968-11-06 1969-11-04 Pocket adding machine Expired - Lifetime US3589598A (en)

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FR172740 1968-11-06

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US (1) US3589598A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1955324C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1590852A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1241487A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE31167E (en) 1968-03-27 1983-03-08 Windsurfing International, Inc. Wind-propelled apparatus
DE3140685A1 (de) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-28 James R. 90402 Santa Monica Calif. Drake "handsegel"

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US972360A (en) * 1910-06-30 1910-10-11 Graber Calculating Machine Company Calculating-machine.
US1432256A (en) * 1919-06-03 1922-10-17 Monroe Calculating Machine Calculating machine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US972360A (en) * 1910-06-30 1910-10-11 Graber Calculating Machine Company Calculating-machine.
US1432256A (en) * 1919-06-03 1922-10-17 Monroe Calculating Machine Calculating machine

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FR1590852A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-20
DE1955324C3 (de) 1975-03-06
GB1241487A (en) 1971-08-04
DE1955324A1 (de) 1970-07-09
DE1955324B2 (de) 1974-07-11

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