US3588054A - Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives - Google Patents

Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives Download PDF

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Publication number
US3588054A
US3588054A US784340A US3588054DA US3588054A US 3588054 A US3588054 A US 3588054A US 784340 A US784340 A US 784340A US 3588054D A US3588054D A US 3588054DA US 3588054 A US3588054 A US 3588054A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
chambers
hose
chamber
kneading
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US784340A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sten Herman Ljungberg
Bror Lennart Teodor Sternhoff
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Nitro Nobel AB
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Nitro Nobel AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/29—Mixing by periodically deforming flexible tubular members through which the material is flowing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying

Definitions

  • KNEADING DOUGHY ABSTRACT Apparatus including an elongated flexible hose lo Claim 3D located within a casing which is divided into a plurality of "wing chambers and into which fluid under pressure is sequentially [52] U.S. Cl 259/4 introduced to knead doughy material and cause a peristaltic [51] Int. Cl BOlf 15/02 advance of such material through the hose.
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for kneading doughy explosives.
  • the invention starts from a known structure comprising a hose of resilient material housed within a rigid longish casing.
  • One main object of the invention is to provide an apparatus based on said known structure which while being formed without mechanical treating members has so simple a shape that it to advantage can be built and used in series in which each apparatus is operated with relatively small quantities of the explosive, such as 10 kilograms, for example, and is easy to insulate from adjacent apparatuses in the series so that a sequence of reactions practically is impossible if for some reason the explosive in one apparatus should be brought to detonate.
  • the hose extending from an inlet space to a discharge end is in sections surrounded by chambers which are in connection with a pressure fluid source and disposed to become actuated by the pressure fluid in a predetermined sequence in such a manner that a peristaltic advance movement is brought about in the hose.
  • FIG. I is a partial sectional perspective view of a portion of an apparatus constructed according to the invention and of a closing device presented in a reduced scale of an inlet chamber forming part of the apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in three diagrammatic, longitudinally sectional views of the apparatus three different advancing steps in the treatment of a mass of explosive within the apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic and partially longitudinal sectional view of a modified embodiment of the invention.
  • reference numeral 10 denotes a hose of resilient material, such as for example artificial plastic or synthetic rubber, which hose uninterrupted extends within a series of .stay tubes 12 arranged in sequence the one releasably connected with the other. These stay tubes 12 are preferably of some rigid plastic or light metal. Each stay tube is at its ends provided with an outwardly projecting annular flange M which is passed by fastening bolts 16 distributed in a suitable even number close to the circumference (FIG. 1).
  • tubular piece 18 consisting of some resilient material, such as synthetic rubber, for example.
  • the wall thickness of said tubular piece increases from a middle portion 20 towards each end, where the tubular piece is formed with an outwardly projecting annular flange 22 bulging axially into a broader portion or collar 24 extending around the outer circumference of said end flange 22.
  • the annular flanges 22 and their collars 24 are received in annular grooves 26 of corresponding shape formed in each of the averted faces of the end flanges 14 of each stay tube 12.
  • a channel 28 is formed which opens into the interspace between the tube 12 and the appertaining resilient tubular piece 18 and in outward direction opens into a radial bore 30 provided with inner threads to receive a nipple 32 formed with corresponding outer threads for attaching a tube leading to a programmed pressure fluid source not shown in the drawings.
  • pressure fluid source is here understood to include connecting conduits and valves controlling said conduits.
  • the programming is of such kind that the pressure fluid is supplied in a predetermined sequence to the inwardly expansible pressure chambers denoted 36, 38, 40 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52 and 54in FIG. 2 and formed between the stay tubes 12 and the tubular pieces 18 in such a manner that a peristaltic advancing movement can be produced within the tube 10.
  • the uppermost stay tube 12 is provided with a cover 56 passed by two tubes 58 for supply of respectively a dry and a moist or liquid phase of the components of the composition of explosive intended to be intermixed in the apparatus.
  • said uppermost tube 12 may be provided with a closing device for the enclosed pressure chamber 36.
  • this device comprises two cylinders 60 attached to the stay tube diametrically opposed locations and each containing a piston 62 with piston rod 64 which latter from opposite directions project into the stay tube so as to be capable to seal with their free ends formed with suitable clamping end faces the chamber 36 below the supply tubes 58 when pressure fluid is fed to the cylinders 60 through tubular conduits 66.
  • the lowermost support tube 54 (FIG. 2) is connected to a discharge head 68 through which the treated mass 70 is delivered in a continuous strand to a diagrammatically in dicated belt conveyor 72, for example, to be conveyed further to a packeting device not shown.
  • the ingredients or components are being fed from the tubes 58 into that portion of the hose 10 which is on the same level as the pressure chamber 38 and which in the present case forms the inlet space mentioned hereinbefore.
  • the subsequent chambers 40, 42 are pressure-loaded and thus closed.
  • the closing step which implies that the middle portion 20 of the chamber walls are pressed against one another a small space is left open in the hose 10 at the transition zone between the chambers 40, 42. Said space is filled with a part 74 of a batch 76 fed downwards from a preceding feeding operation not shown through the sections of the hose 10 between the chambers 40, 42 the main part of which batch is shown in the level of the unloaded pressure chamber 44.
  • the two chambers 46, 48 following in sequence are closed and the next following one, the chamber 50, is relieved of pressure and the corresponding hose section filled with still another batch 78 under downwards directed movement and with a minor portion 80 left behind in the space between the chambers 46, 48 within the hose 10, i.e. a formation of feeding corresponding to that described above for the batch 74, 76.
  • a similar for mation is again shown in connection with the chambers 52, 54 with the modification, however, that the main portion'shown here of the batch 70 is on its way out of the apparatus to be deposited on the belt conveyor 72.
  • the uppermost chamber 36 has been loaded with pressure and the inlet section of the hose 10 at the level of the chamber 38 which was being filled in the first step, has been closed around a new batch 82.
  • the third step illustrated in FIG. 2 most at right hand implies that also the next uppermost pressure chamber 38 has been closed. Simultaneously, the chamber 40 has been relieved of pressure, the chamber 44 has been loaded with, the chamber 46 has been relieved of, the chamber 50 has been loaded with, and the chamber 52 has been relieved of, pressure.
  • the mass under the kneading treatment advanced in a peristaltic movement in the formation comprising a minor remainder such as 74, for example, and a main portion, such as 76 for example, is thus displaced after the introductory filling step continuously downwards over the length of one pressure chamber towards the discharge head 68.
  • the number shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2 of pressure chambers and the length of the hose l determined thereby can be varied, as is easily understood, in response to the intensity of kneading treatment required for the components constituting the mass to be intermixed in order to give a desired result.
  • a remaining portion, such as 74, or even a reflux of the mass achieved in this way can improve the kneading effect while reducing the advance of feed in a corresponding degree.
  • the mass to be treated may, of course, have highly varying plasticity which may change the formation of the mass as shown in FIG. 2, which means the form taken by the pressure chambers when loaded with the pressure fluid. This form will have some influence on the capacity of the apparatus to bring about during the kneading operation the complete intermixture of or correct distribution of the ingredients forming part of the mass.
  • One method of influencing said shape so as to at tain a satisfying result is to balance the length of the stay tubes 12 and therewith the pressure chambers against their inner diameter in a suitable manner. It has been found that the length of the stay tube ought to be 1.5 to 2 times the diameter, the length having to be the shorter, the drier the mass is which is to be treated.
  • the uppermost chamber 36 serves as closing means for the inlet chamber. This closure may be replaced by the device described earlier and shown in reduced scale uppermost in FIG. 1.
  • the apparatus described above are intended in the production of explosives to be disposed in series laterally of one another with such spacing therebetween and separated from one another by protective means of such kind that no sequence of reactions must be apprehended if for some other reason the mass to be treated in one of the apparatus would detonate.
  • a plant with a number of kneading apparatuses according to the invention can be remote-controlled from a common programming unit which is located at a place sage from explosions.
  • the kneading effect can be intensified by having the peristaltic advancing movement effected against a counterpressure.
  • the discharge conduits 34 from the chambers 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52 and 54 are connected to a common container 84 within which a superatmospheric pressure is maintained in order to obtain the contemplated counterpressure in said chambers.
  • the relief of pressure in the chambers is thus not effected to atmospheric pressure but to the superatmospheric pressure prevailing in the container 84.
  • This pressure is adjusted to a desired value by means of a counterpressure valve 88 provided in an outlet 86 from the container 84.
  • valves 90 of two-way type which also are connected to branch conduits 92 from a common supply conduit 94 leading from the pressure fluid source, which may contain compressed air.
  • the chambers 42 to 54 are alternately connected with the pressure conduit 94 and the pressure container 84.
  • outlets 34 for the chambers 36, 38 and 40 in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 which are located nearest the the inlet of the apparatus, open into the ambient atmosphere.
  • the valves 90 located in these outlets 34 thus connect the chambers either with the pressure conduit 94 or with the ambient atmosphere.
  • REference numeral 96 denotes a programming unit to which by means of signal wires 98 magnetic members 100 are connected for actuating the individual valves 90 in that sequence which is required for bringing about the peristaltic advance movement.
  • the inner coherent hose 10 may be dispensed with the doughy explosive during its passage through the apparatus having direct contact with the tubular pieces 18.
  • This type of apparatus renders easier the return of the inner passage through the apparatus to its original volume after the peristaltic advance movements.
  • a coherent hose can in its longitudinal direction be formed with cavities which form the chambers 40 to 54 connected with the pressure fluid source.
  • the counterpressure container 84 may be common for all chambers or the individual chambers, or groups of chambers may be connected to separate counterpressure containers. This is especially suitable when different counterpressure levels are to be created in different parts of the apparatus, such as a lower counterpressure in the chambers nearest the inlet than in the more remote chambers.
  • the counterpressure can be produced by a throttling arrangement in the outlets 34 which not but after some response time relieves the chambers from pressure.
  • the counterpressure may also be brought about by means of a back pressure valve of known type.
  • An apparatus for kneading doughy explosives comprising a hose of resilient material disposed within a longish casing characterized in that the hose from an inlet space to a discharge end is in sections surrounded by chambers, means for introducing and removing fluid under pressure into and from said chambers, said fluid under pressure being introduced and removed sequentially in a manner that a peristaltic advance movement is brought about in the hose.
  • the casing is composed of stay tubes of rigid material disposed in sequence one after the other and detachably interconnected with one another, each of said tubes on its interior side containing a tubular piece of resilient material, which piece at its ends is in tightening connection with the ends of the stay tube and together with the same forms an inwardly expansible chamber which by means of connecting means on the stay tube is connectable to programmed source of pressure fluid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
US784340A 1967-12-27 1968-12-17 Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives Expired - Lifetime US3588054A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE17877/67A SE329115B (de) 1967-12-27 1967-12-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3588054A true US3588054A (en) 1971-06-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US784340A Expired - Lifetime US3588054A (en) 1967-12-27 1968-12-17 Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives

Country Status (13)

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US (1) US3588054A (de)
JP (1) JPS496090B1 (de)
BG (1) BG15074A3 (de)
BR (1) BR6805186D0 (de)
CH (1) CH513091A (de)
DE (1) DE1814384A1 (de)
ES (1) ES361599A1 (de)
FI (1) FI46838C (de)
FR (1) FR1599422A (de)
GB (1) GB1253220A (de)
NO (1) NO120063B (de)
SE (1) SE329115B (de)
ZM (1) ZM18668A1 (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933285A (en) * 1973-12-03 1976-01-20 The Gyromat Corporation Electrostatic paint spraying system with paint line voltage block
US4020866A (en) * 1973-12-03 1977-05-03 The Gyromat Corporation Pressure vessel for voltage block material supply system
US4207007A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-06-10 Belozeroy Viktor A Liquid-stirring device and installation for treating loose materials
US4334786A (en) * 1978-02-08 1982-06-15 Saint Gobain Industries Process and mechanism for evolutive pulp flow regulation
US4550653A (en) * 1982-12-28 1985-11-05 Heden-Team A.G. Apparatus for making food products
US4550654A (en) * 1983-04-01 1985-11-05 Heden Team A.G. Apparatus for automatic preparation of food products such as bread, cakes and the like
US4590850A (en) * 1983-12-27 1986-05-27 Heden Team A.G. Apparatus for automatically making of food products such as bread, cakes and the like
US4626104A (en) * 1983-11-24 1986-12-02 W & A Bates Limited Method and apparatus for mixing particulate materials
US5628562A (en) * 1995-03-22 1997-05-13 Octal Technologies Ch. Krumm Multi-component mixer with exchangeable cartridge
US6318888B1 (en) * 1997-07-19 2001-11-20 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for introducing sound waves into reactors
US20060140052A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-06-29 Erik Esveld Apparatus and method for mixing components
US20080123466A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
US20100246315A1 (en) * 2009-03-30 2010-09-30 National Cheng Kung University Micromixer biochip
US20150367303A1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2015-12-24 ASOCIACIÓN CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN COOPERATIVA EN BIOMATERIALES (CIC biomaGUNE) Non intrusive agitation system
US10265669B2 (en) 2015-06-23 2019-04-23 Dr. Herfeld Gmbh & Co. Kg Mixing machine and discharging station
US10307751B2 (en) * 2015-02-13 2019-06-04 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Apparatus and method for mixing and/or mulling a sample

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4931079A (de) * 1972-07-21 1974-03-20
NL177813C (nl) * 1975-12-08 1985-12-02 Rapistan Van Der Lande Bv Transportinrichting voor het in beweging brengen van voorwerpen.
JPS52137525U (de) * 1976-04-12 1977-10-19
FR2435965A1 (fr) * 1978-09-18 1980-04-11 Mo Gorny I Dispositif d'agitation de liquides et installation de traitement de materiaux ou produits pulverulents ou analogues equipee d'un tel dispositif
DE4216372A1 (de) * 1992-04-07 1993-10-14 Willy Ag Maschf Fördervorrichtung für empfindliche Stückgüter, insbesondere keramische Formlinge
JP7168951B2 (ja) * 2018-05-21 2022-11-10 学校法人 中央大学 混練方法

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933285A (en) * 1973-12-03 1976-01-20 The Gyromat Corporation Electrostatic paint spraying system with paint line voltage block
US4020866A (en) * 1973-12-03 1977-05-03 The Gyromat Corporation Pressure vessel for voltage block material supply system
US4334786A (en) * 1978-02-08 1982-06-15 Saint Gobain Industries Process and mechanism for evolutive pulp flow regulation
US4207007A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-06-10 Belozeroy Viktor A Liquid-stirring device and installation for treating loose materials
US4550653A (en) * 1982-12-28 1985-11-05 Heden-Team A.G. Apparatus for making food products
US4550654A (en) * 1983-04-01 1985-11-05 Heden Team A.G. Apparatus for automatic preparation of food products such as bread, cakes and the like
US4626104A (en) * 1983-11-24 1986-12-02 W & A Bates Limited Method and apparatus for mixing particulate materials
US4590850A (en) * 1983-12-27 1986-05-27 Heden Team A.G. Apparatus for automatically making of food products such as bread, cakes and the like
US5628562A (en) * 1995-03-22 1997-05-13 Octal Technologies Ch. Krumm Multi-component mixer with exchangeable cartridge
US6318888B1 (en) * 1997-07-19 2001-11-20 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for introducing sound waves into reactors
US20060140052A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-06-29 Erik Esveld Apparatus and method for mixing components
US7614781B2 (en) * 2002-11-20 2009-11-10 Conopco, Inc. Apparatus and method for mixing components
US20080123466A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
EP2089309A1 (de) * 2006-11-28 2009-08-19 Tylerville Technologies LLC Spender mit dynamischem mischer für zweikomponentenzusammensetzungen
EP2089309A4 (de) * 2006-11-28 2009-12-16 Tylerville Technologies Llc Spender mit dynamischem mischer für zweikomponentenzusammensetzungen
US7963690B2 (en) 2006-11-28 2011-06-21 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
US20100246315A1 (en) * 2009-03-30 2010-09-30 National Cheng Kung University Micromixer biochip
US8277110B2 (en) * 2009-03-30 2012-10-02 National Cheng Kung University Micromixer biochip
US20150367303A1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2015-12-24 ASOCIACIÓN CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN COOPERATIVA EN BIOMATERIALES (CIC biomaGUNE) Non intrusive agitation system
US10427121B2 (en) * 2013-02-01 2019-10-01 Asociacion Centro De Investigacion Cooperativa En Biomateriales (Cic Biomagune) Non intrusive agitation system
US10307751B2 (en) * 2015-02-13 2019-06-04 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Apparatus and method for mixing and/or mulling a sample
US10265669B2 (en) 2015-06-23 2019-04-23 Dr. Herfeld Gmbh & Co. Kg Mixing machine and discharging station

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO120063B (de) 1970-08-17
CH513091A (de) 1971-09-30
JPS496090B1 (de) 1974-02-12
DE1814384A1 (de) 1969-08-14
ES361599A1 (es) 1970-08-16
BG15074A3 (bg) 1976-06-10
FI46838C (fi) 1973-07-10
FI46838B (de) 1973-04-02
BR6805186D0 (pt) 1973-03-13
FR1599422A (de) 1970-07-15
GB1253220A (de) 1971-11-10
ZM18668A1 (en) 1969-06-17
SE329115B (de) 1970-09-28

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