US3587177A - Airfoil nozzle - Google Patents
Airfoil nozzle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3587177A US3587177A US817834A US3587177DA US3587177A US 3587177 A US3587177 A US 3587177A US 817834 A US817834 A US 817834A US 3587177D A US3587177D A US 3587177DA US 3587177 A US3587177 A US 3587177A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- foil
- web
- gas
- nozzle
- airfoil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
- F26B13/101—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts
- F26B13/104—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts supported by fluid jets only; Fluid blowing arrangements for flotation dryers, e.g. coanda nozzles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
Definitions
- the nozzle extends across the web to be treated and consists of a foil having a defined radius at the nozzle discharge area and a foil plate which extends along one side of the foil in a direction tangential to the foil to provide a restricted passage between the plate and foil from which the gas is discharged toward the web to be treated.
- the velocity of the discharged gas is such that the static pressure on the side of the web adjacent the foil is lower than the pressure on the opposite side of the web so that the web is forced by the differential in pressures toward the airfoil and rides on the gas cushion provided by the discharged gas tending to follow the radius of curvature ofthe foil.
- the present invention provides apparatus for delivering unlimited quantities of gas (which includes air or heated or cool air or gas) against the surface being treated to effect a stable condition and yet prevents contact of the web or other surface with the gas discharge equipment.
- gas which includes air or heated or cool air or gas
- Higher pressures and velocities are obtainable with a consequent higher rate of heat transfer, for example, as in the case of drying a web without injury to the web.
- the invention is directed to an airfoil nozzle which has numerous applications. It can be used as a positioner or stabilizer for webs in letter press, flexography, offset printing, rotogravure work or anywhere a moving web of paper, plastic, textiles, metal, and like surfaces needs to be controlled. It also can be used in cleaning and drying of webs.
- the term treated refers to engaging a web or surface or wire conveyor with a gas to dry, clean, stabilize or otherwise treat the web to provide the desired end product.
- the airfoil nozzle of the invention basically comprises a foil and an associated foil member which normally is a plate, but which could be of a bulbous construction.
- the foil may take the form of a hollow pipe which extends transversely, either straight or diagonally, of the web or surface to be treated or in the usual application, it can be of a formed member with the surface facing the web to be treated extending on a curvature or in a straight line to provide an extended flat foil surface for a short distance. In both cases, the foil has a defined radius at the area adjacent the foil plate.
- the foil plate extends at an angle to the foil and terminates along one side of the foil to provide a restricted passage or orifice between the foil and plate through which gas is discharged or pumped from a plenum chamber under pressure at a velocity of not less than 3,300 feet per minute to obtain the turbulence desired in the discharged gas. Turbulence is particularly important in the drying of webs to obtain a high rate of heat and mass transfer.
- a return chamber is normally provided to pick up and return the discharged gas to the plenum chamber from which the gas is again discharged through the nozzle.
- the gas tends to follow the radius of curvature of the foil and provides an airfoil gas cushion extending over the entire surface of the foil and air is also inspirated from the surrounding atmosphere and added to the gas cushion.
- gas flowing over a streamlined surface at a high velocity decreases in static pressure, this provides a lower pressure in the gas at the foil side of the web or surface being treated as compared to the opposite side of the web with the result that the web is drawn or forced toward the airfoil and rides on the described air cushion without fluttering into contact with the foil.
- the tangential angle of the foil plate with respect to the foil, the radius of the foil, the spacing between the foil plate and foil, the location of the terminal end of the foil plate with respect to the foil are important factors and these will be more fully set forth in the detailed description of the inventron.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view with parts broken away showing a web passing over a plurality of airfoil nozzles assembled under one manner of employing a plurality of nozzles;
- FIG. 2 is a section taken through a nozzle of the invention with the foil plate disposed normal to a radius at 30 from the base of the quadrant passing through the nozzle and employing a curved surface on the foil;
- FIG. 3 is'a section similar to FIG. 2, with the foil plate disposed normal to a radius at 45 from the base of the quadrant passing through the nozzle and illustrating a straight surface on the foil extending from the initial radius of the foil;
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of the flow action of the gas past the airfoil and adjacent the web as it is effected by the high-velocity discharge from the nozzle and in addition illustrates a deformed or roughened foil surface adjacent the orifice discharge of the nozzle and a second nozzle for discharge of gas through the foil surface.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, an airfoil nozzle 1 consisting of a foil-2 and a foil member 3 assembled therewith to provide a slotlike restricted opening or orifice 4 for discharge of gas under pressure from a plenum chamber 5 against a web 6 or surface being treated such as in the cleaning, drying or stabilizing of web 6 as it passes over nozzle 1.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a single nozzle 1 and FIG. 1 is an example of the assembly of a plurality of nozzles l.
- the nozzles 1 may all face in one direction in some installations as shown in FIG. 1 but the nozzles 1 may also be faced in alternate directions.
- Each nozzle 1 is of a length to extend across web 6 and slightly beyond the edge of web 6 to insure that the backwash effect of the discharge of gas from the nozzle will occur beyond the edge of the web 6 being treated so that the gas contacts the entire surface of the web.
- the foil 2 of nozzle 1, illustrated in FIG. 2, is shown with a radius of curvature of approximately three-quarters of an inch, and is formed of sheet metal into the semicircular configuration shown as an extension of the vertical wall 7 of the plenum chamber 5.
- the opposite vertical wall 8 of plenum chamber 5 is laterally spaced from wall 7 and terminates in the foil member or plate 3.
- Braces 9 extend horizontally within foil 2 and internally of walls 7 and 8 of the plenum chamber 5 to support the foil 2 and walls 7 and 8 of the plenum chamber.
- the upper left-hand quadrant 10 of foil 2 is shown as defined by the dotted horizontal radius line 11 and the dotted vertical radius line 12 and these lines for the purpose of this description have been projected beyond the perimeter of the quadrant.
- the radius of curvature of the foil 2 in FIG. 2 is shown as three-quarters of an inch, the radius may vary over a generally wide range. It has been found that if the radius of the foil is too great, the gas discharged from nozzle 1 will separate from the foil 2 at a line too close to the orifice 4 to be effective in the treatment of web 6. On the other hand, if the radius of the foil is too small, there will then be little tendency for the gas discharged from orifice 4 to follow the surface of foil 2. In actual practice, the foil need not, in fact, be a true circle, and for example, could be elliptical.
- the foil member 3 may be a separate member or provided as an extension of the wall 8 of plenum chamber 5, as shown in the drawings, and in such event the foil member 3 is bent toward foil 2 to extend in a direction generally tangential to the curved surface of the foil in quadrant 10 of foil 2.
- the drawings illustrate foil member 3 as a plate, it could be of other configuration, such as bulbous, so long as the member presents a surface extending tangential to quadrant 10.
- the free end of foil plate 3 may extend in a vertical plane and terminate at the projected horizontal radius line 11 of quadrant 10 or the foil plate 3 may extend tangentially horizontally and terminate at the projected vertical radius line 12 of quadrant 10, or at any radius line disposed between lines 11 and 12.
- This provides a wide range of angles at which the foil plate 3 might be located with respect to foil 2 depending on the requirements needed for the web or surface to be treated.
- the best results in operation of the nozzle of the invention have been obtained with the foil plate 3 terminating to provide nozzle orifice 4 disposed at radius angles of 30 to 45 from the base radius line 11 when a radius of three-quarters of an inch is employed in foil 2.
- FIG. 2 illustrates foil plate 3 normal to a radius at an angle of 30 from the horizontal radius line 11 as indicated by the angle so designated on the drawing between line I l and an angle radius line 14.
- the foil plate 3 is also located generally on a tangent relative to foil 2 to provide the slot-like orifice 4 between the foil 2 and plate 3 through which gas is discharged from plenum chamber 5 against web 6.
- the width of the orifice 4 may be varied, but it must be of at least a width so that the gas can be discharged through orifice 4 at a velocity not less than 3,300 feet per minute. To obtain best results the discharge of gas from the orifice should ordinarily be in a thin film and at a high velocity. Nozzles having orifices varying from 0.020 to 0.25 inches in width have been successfully operated, but it is believed that orifices having a width greater than 0.25 inches could in some installations be successfully employed.
- the orifice may clog with foreign materials, and if the width of the orifice is too great, too much power may be required to flow the gas through the orifice at the velocity desired and thereby make the use of the nozzle uneconomical.
- the gas When the gas is discharged through orifice 4, it tends to follow the radius of curvature of foil 2, but it has been found that it fails to provide the desired turbulence in the discharge jet with velocities less than 3,300 feet per minute.
- the upper limit of velocity is not a limiting factor other than the horsepower which might be available to pump the gas to chamber 5. In the case of the use ofthe nozzle of the invention in web dryers, the higher the velocity, the greater the drying rate.
- the gas flowing through orifice 4 from plenum chamber 5 passes to orifice through the tapered passage provided at the discharge side of plenum chamber 5 by foil 2 and the tangential extent of plate 3. It has been found that to effect the desired taper of the passage 15, the bend 16 at the juncture between foil plate 3 and plenum chamber wall 8 should be not less than about three-eights inch removed from the terminating end portion 17 of foil 2. The bend l6 also'acts to reinforce foil plate. 2.
- plenum and collecting chambers with which the nozzle 1 is employed may be of various constructions and are of no importance with respect to the invention except that plenum chamber 5 should be of a size so that there will be no drop in pressure when gas is being discharged through orifice 4.
- FIG. 1 illustrating a plurality of nozzles 1, there is also shown a plurality of plenum chambers 5 to which gas is supplied under pressure through pipe 18 from a source, not shown, by means of the common header 19. After the gas is discharged against web 6, it flows into a collecting chamber from where it returns, not shown, to the source for recirculation to header 19 through pipe 18.
- the static pressure of the gas decreases. Consequently, the static pressure of the gas on the foil side of web 6 with the described decrease in static pressure is at a lower pressure than the gas on the opposite side of web 6 and to the rear of the nozzle 1.
- the arrows show the gas (air) on the opposite side of the web from the foil and to the rear of the nozzle as flowing to the lower static pressure area on the foil side of the web.
- This flow of gas forces the web 6 toward foil 2, but the web remains out of contact with foil 2 as it rides on the cushion of air tending to follow the curvature of the foil.
- the result is that the web 6 remains in a stabilized condition as it passes over nozzle 1 and flutter is substantially eliminated. Consequently, the web never makes contact with foil 2.
- the web 6 can be additionally stabilized by extending the surface of the foil beyond quadrant 10 in either a straight or curved plane.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 there is shown an airfoil nozzle 1 in which the foil 2 has the surface 21 projected in the direction of the discharge of the gas in a horizontal plane for a short distance from the left-hand quadrant 22 of the foil which has been indicated in FIG. 3 with dotted lines.
- the radius of the right-hand quadrant 23 of the foil 2, also indicated with dotted lines, is illustrated as one-half inch and is the same radius as the radius of left-hand quadrant 22 although it is not essential that these radii always be the same.
- the foil plate 24 projects from the wall 25 of plenum chamber 26 at an angle of 45 with respect to the horizontal radius of airfoil 2. The remainder of the nozzle and plenum chamber construction correspond to that of FIG. 2 and need not be again described.
- the surface of airfoil 2 adjacent the discharge orifice 4 may be provided with an interrupted surface such as a wire or corrugations 27 as shown in FIG. 4.
- one or more discharge orifices 28 may be provided in the foil surface 21 corresponding to orifice 4 from which the gas is initially discharged.
- the airfoil nozzles I of the invention have been shown and described with respect to nozzles located on the lower side of the web 6. However, the nozzles 1 may be located on both sides of web 6 or solely on the upper side of web 6. The location and use of nozzles I depend upon the job to be done and the nozzles may be employed in coating, drying, cleaning, stabilizing or other operations and the web 6 or other surface may move with the nozzles fixed or in some applications web 6 or other surface may be fixed and the nozzles 1 are moved.
- the web 6 also is shown as travelling past the nozzles l in a direction parallel to the horizontal radius line of the upper quadrants of the airfoil.
- the web 6 or other surface being treated and the nozzles 1 may have relative movement where the movement is not in a parallel plane, but offset therefrom or with either the web 6 or nozzles 1 moving along a curved path relative to the other.
- Nozzles I can be made in different ways with the foil being a hollow pipe and separate from the foil plate, or of the construction shown in the drawing and described herein.
- An airfoil nozzle for the treatment of surfaces by the discharge of gas from the nozzle without physical contact between the nozzle and surface wherein there is a relative movement between the nozzle and surface being treated with the gas discharged from the nozzle being directed toward said surface, said nozzle comprising a foil of a length to extend across the surface being treated with the gas discharged from the nozzle, a foil member extending along one side of the foil and operatively disposed relative to the foil to provide a restricted orifice between the foil and foil member for passage of gas therethrough at a high velocity toward the surface being treated, a source of supply for said gas connected to said orifice, said foil being curved away from the mouth of the orifice to provide an airfoil effect such that the high-velocity gas tends to follow the curvature of the foil and thereby provides a cushion of gas between the foil and surface being treated, and the high velocity of the discharged gas effecting a decrease in the static pressure of the gas adjacent the foil to a pressure lower than that on the side of the
- the airfoil nozzle of claim 1 in which the source of supply is adapted to supply gas to said nozzle at a velocity of not less than 3,300 feet per minute.
- the airfoil nozzle of claim 1 in which the foil member is a plate which extends tangentially to the foil and terminates at a radius disposed at an angle of 30 and 45 relative to the horizontal base line of the upper quadrant of the foil.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Advancing Webs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US81783469A | 1969-04-21 | 1969-04-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3587177A true US3587177A (en) | 1971-06-28 |
Family
ID=25223984
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US817834A Expired - Lifetime US3587177A (en) | 1969-04-21 | 1969-04-21 | Airfoil nozzle |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3587177A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS5212476B1 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE740537A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE1954880B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2039308A1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1291583A (fr) |
NL (1) | NL160621C (fr) |
Cited By (78)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3776440A (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1973-12-04 | Tec Systems | Web handling apparatus |
US3999696A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1976-12-28 | Crown Zellerbach Corporation | Web threading system |
US4074841A (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1978-02-21 | Carl Kramer | Method and apparatus for floatation conveyance of strip materials |
DE2917765A1 (de) * | 1978-05-04 | 1979-11-08 | Valmet Oy | Duese fuer einen lufttrockner |
US4207143A (en) * | 1976-10-13 | 1980-06-10 | Westvaco Corporation | Method for adding moisture to a traveling web |
US4321760A (en) * | 1977-06-06 | 1982-03-30 | Bachofen & Meier | Nozzle structure for moistening or impregnating a web |
EP0066661A1 (fr) * | 1981-05-25 | 1982-12-15 | M.E.G MATERIELS EQUIPEMENTS GRAPHIQUES Société dite: Société Anonyme | Appareil de séchage de bandes continues par air chaud, avec sustentation simultanée, notamment pour bandes de papier sortant d'impression |
US4414757A (en) * | 1981-10-07 | 1983-11-15 | Overly, Incorporated | Web dryer nozzle assembly |
US4472888A (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1984-09-25 | Cary Metal Products, Inc. | Coanda effect nozzle for handling continuous webs |
EP0152384A2 (fr) * | 1984-02-09 | 1985-08-21 | Fläkt Aktiebolag | Procédé et dispositif pour empêcher le rétrécissement dans le sens transversal d'une bande dans la section de séchage d'une machine à papier |
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DE3630571A1 (de) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-03-26 | Valmet Oy | Vorrichtung zum beruehrungslosen stabilisieren und/oder tragen einer sich bewegenden materialbahn |
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US4809445A (en) * | 1987-02-28 | 1989-03-07 | J. M. Voith Gmbh | Device for stabilizing the run of a material web, specifically for stabilizing a paper web in the drying section of a paper machine |
US4821429A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1989-04-18 | J. M. Voith, Gmbh | Air guide box for stabilizing the run of a web, for instance a paper web |
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US6149767A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 2000-11-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for making soft tissue |
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US6197154B1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2001-03-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Low density resilient webs and methods of making such webs |
US6306257B1 (en) | 1998-06-17 | 2001-10-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Air press for dewatering a wet web |
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US6325896B1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2001-12-04 | Valmet-Karlstad Ab | Apparatus for transferring a fast running fibrous web from a first location to a second location |
US6431858B1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2002-08-13 | Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mbh | Method and arrangement for supporting a web and avoiding air losses in a heat treating apparatus |
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Families Citing this family (10)
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---|---|---|---|---|
NL7115338A (fr) * | 1970-11-16 | 1972-05-18 | ||
US4197971A (en) * | 1978-10-12 | 1980-04-15 | W. R. Grace & Co. | High velocity web floating air bar having an internal passage for transverse air discharge slot means |
DE3130450C2 (de) * | 1981-07-23 | 1985-06-13 | Langbein & Engelbracht GmbH & Co, KG Bau lufttechnischer Anlagen, 4630 Bochum | Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von bahn- oder bogenförmigem Gut |
FI67586C (fi) * | 1981-11-02 | 1987-12-29 | Valmet Oy | Foerfarande och anordning i samband med ytlimning av pappersbana och papper tillverkat med foerfarandet och/eller anordningen. |
DE3313874A1 (de) * | 1983-04-16 | 1984-10-18 | Peter 4630 Bochum Kähmann | Vorrichtung zum behandeln von duennen materialbahnen mit einem gas |
DE3822624A1 (de) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-02-09 | Hilmar Vits | Vorrichtung zum beruehrunslosen fuehren von materialbahnen |
DE3804882A1 (de) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-08-31 | Hilmar Vits | Blasmittelgespeiste duese zum stabilisieren von insbesondere an ihren kanten zum flattern neigenden, in freiem zug gefuehrten materialbahnen |
DE9109313U1 (de) * | 1991-07-27 | 1991-09-26 | J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim | Vorrichtung zum Führen einer laufenden Bahn |
DE19536352C2 (de) * | 1995-09-29 | 1999-07-15 | Peter Dipl Ing Gellrich | Vorrichtung zum Führen und Behandeln einer durchlaufenden Materialbahn |
GB0625134D0 (en) * | 2006-12-16 | 2007-01-24 | Christy Uk Ltd | An apparatus and method for raising the pile of a sheet of cloth web |
-
1969
- 1969-04-21 US US817834A patent/US3587177A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-10-15 GB GB50761/69A patent/GB1291583A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-10-17 NL NL6915782.A patent/NL160621C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-10-20 BE BE740537D patent/BE740537A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-10-22 FR FR6936197A patent/FR2039308A1/fr active Pending
- 1969-10-31 DE DE19691954880 patent/DE1954880B2/de not_active Ceased
- 1969-12-01 JP JP44095762A patent/JPS5212476B1/ja active Pending
Cited By (112)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3776440A (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1973-12-04 | Tec Systems | Web handling apparatus |
US3999696A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1976-12-28 | Crown Zellerbach Corporation | Web threading system |
US4074841A (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1978-02-21 | Carl Kramer | Method and apparatus for floatation conveyance of strip materials |
US4207143A (en) * | 1976-10-13 | 1980-06-10 | Westvaco Corporation | Method for adding moisture to a traveling web |
US4321760A (en) * | 1977-06-06 | 1982-03-30 | Bachofen & Meier | Nozzle structure for moistening or impregnating a web |
DE2917765A1 (de) * | 1978-05-04 | 1979-11-08 | Valmet Oy | Duese fuer einen lufttrockner |
US4247993A (en) * | 1978-05-04 | 1981-02-03 | Valmet Oy | Nozzle apparatus for airborne paper web dryers |
EP0066661A1 (fr) * | 1981-05-25 | 1982-12-15 | M.E.G MATERIELS EQUIPEMENTS GRAPHIQUES Société dite: Société Anonyme | Appareil de séchage de bandes continues par air chaud, avec sustentation simultanée, notamment pour bandes de papier sortant d'impression |
US4414757A (en) * | 1981-10-07 | 1983-11-15 | Overly, Incorporated | Web dryer nozzle assembly |
US4472888A (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1984-09-25 | Cary Metal Products, Inc. | Coanda effect nozzle for handling continuous webs |
EP0152384A3 (en) * | 1984-02-09 | 1986-10-08 | Flakt Ab | Method and device for preventing cross direction web shrinkage in the drying section of a paper machine |
EP0152384A2 (fr) * | 1984-02-09 | 1985-08-21 | Fläkt Aktiebolag | Procédé et dispositif pour empêcher le rétrécissement dans le sens transversal d'une bande dans la section de séchage d'une machine à papier |
EP0196107A3 (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1987-05-06 | Thermo Electron-Web Systems, Inc. | Web dryer with control of air infiltration |
EP0196107A2 (fr) * | 1985-03-28 | 1986-10-01 | Thermo Electron-Web Systems, Inc. | Séchoir pour bandes à infiltration d'air contrôlée |
DE3630571A1 (de) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-03-26 | Valmet Oy | Vorrichtung zum beruehrungslosen stabilisieren und/oder tragen einer sich bewegenden materialbahn |
US4718178A (en) * | 1985-11-29 | 1988-01-12 | Whipple Rodger E | Gas nozzle assembly |
US4848633A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1989-07-18 | Thermo Electron Web Systems, Inc. | Non-contact web turning and drying apparatus |
US4809445A (en) * | 1987-02-28 | 1989-03-07 | J. M. Voith Gmbh | Device for stabilizing the run of a material web, specifically for stabilizing a paper web in the drying section of a paper machine |
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US4777736A (en) * | 1987-07-01 | 1988-10-18 | Thermo Electron - Web Systems, Inc. | System for drying web material utilizing removable/adjustable nozzle |
US4893416A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1990-01-16 | Hilmar Vits | Apparatus for the contactless guiding of webs of material |
US4776107A (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1988-10-11 | Wolverine Corporation | Web treatment system |
US4821429A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1989-04-18 | J. M. Voith, Gmbh | Air guide box for stabilizing the run of a web, for instance a paper web |
US5014447A (en) * | 1988-02-10 | 1991-05-14 | Thermo Electron Web Systems, Inc. | Positive pressure web floater dryer with parallel flow |
US4881327A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-11-21 | J. M. Voith Gmbh | Dryer section |
DE3807857A1 (de) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-09-28 | Voith Gmbh J M | Trockenpartie |
US5480086A (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1996-01-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Non-contact web conveying apparatus |
US5242095A (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1993-09-07 | Advance Systems, Inc. | Contactless air turn guide with baffles for running webs |
US5299364A (en) * | 1991-09-05 | 1994-04-05 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc. | Arrangement and method for treatment of webs using nozzles with negative pressure |
US5499673A (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1996-03-19 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Method of and apparatus for conveying and guiding thin metal strip formed by quenching |
US5466298A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-11-14 | James River Paper Company, Inc. | Web cleaning method |
US5577294A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1996-11-26 | James River Paper Company, Inc. | Web cleaner apparatus and method |
US5590480A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1997-01-07 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | combination air bar and hole bar flotation dryer |
US5647144A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1997-07-15 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Combination air bar and hole bar flotation dryer |
USRE39601E1 (en) | 1995-09-13 | 2007-05-01 | Metso Paper Karlstad Ab | Method of and a device for transferring running dried web from one device to a subsequent device |
US6228220B1 (en) | 1996-05-14 | 2001-05-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Air press method for dewatering a wet web |
US6080279A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 2000-06-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Air press for dewatering a wet web |
US6083346A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 2000-07-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method of dewatering wet web using an integrally sealed air press |
US6096169A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 2000-08-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for making cellulosic web with reduced energy input |
US6143135A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 2000-11-07 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Air press for dewatering a wet web |
US6197154B1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2001-03-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Low density resilient webs and methods of making such webs |
US6149767A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 2000-11-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for making soft tissue |
US6331230B1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2001-12-18 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for making soft tissue |
US6187137B1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2001-02-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method of producing low density resilient webs |
US5970627A (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 1999-10-26 | Thermo Wisconsin, Inc. | Active web stabilization apparatus |
US6306257B1 (en) | 1998-06-17 | 2001-10-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Air press for dewatering a wet web |
US6193810B1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 2001-02-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Web cleaning method |
US5991964A (en) * | 1998-06-22 | 1999-11-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Web cleaner |
US6579418B2 (en) | 1998-08-12 | 2003-06-17 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Leakage control system for treatment of moving webs |
US6325896B1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2001-12-04 | Valmet-Karlstad Ab | Apparatus for transferring a fast running fibrous web from a first location to a second location |
US6318727B1 (en) | 1999-11-05 | 2001-11-20 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Apparatus for maintaining a fluid seal with a moving substrate |
US6431858B1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2002-08-13 | Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mbh | Method and arrangement for supporting a web and avoiding air losses in a heat treating apparatus |
US6742285B2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2004-06-01 | Glass Equipment Development, Inc. | Air knife and conveyor system |
US20030172547A1 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-09-18 | Glass Equipment Development, Inc. | Air knife and conveyor system |
DE10225753A1 (de) * | 2002-06-10 | 2004-01-08 | Duo Technik Gmbh | Trocknereinrichtung |
US20040040171A1 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2004-03-04 | Reinhardt Listmann | Dryer for printing machine |
DE10225753B4 (de) * | 2002-06-10 | 2009-08-13 | Duo Technik Gmbh | Trocknereinrichtung |
WO2004072552A3 (fr) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-23 | Percivalle Special Converting | Dispositif et procede de traitement thermique par ecoulement gazeux d'un materiau en bande |
WO2004072552A2 (fr) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-08-26 | Percivalle Special Converting S.A.S. Di Percivalle Barbara E C. | Dispositif et procede de traitement thermique par ecoulement gazeux d'un materiau en bande |
US7530179B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2009-05-12 | Megtec Systems, Inc. | Step air foil |
US20050223593A1 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-13 | Rocheleau Michael O | Step air foil |
US7413629B2 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2008-08-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for producing deep-nested embossed paper products |
US20050257879A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-24 | Fisher Wayne R | Process for producing deep-nested embossed paper products |
WO2006132977A3 (fr) * | 2005-06-08 | 2007-02-01 | Procter & Gamble | Systeme de transport de bande et procede permettant d'appliquer de la vapeur a une bande |
US20060283038A1 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-21 | Fisher Wayne R | Web handling apparatus and process for providing steam to a web material |
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US8347521B2 (en) | 2005-07-30 | 2013-01-08 | Dyson Technology Limited | Drying apparatus |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5212476B1 (fr) | 1977-04-07 |
BE740537A (fr) | 1970-04-01 |
NL160621B (nl) | 1979-06-15 |
DE1954880B2 (de) | 1976-09-30 |
FR2039308A1 (fr) | 1971-01-15 |
NL160621C (nl) | 1979-11-15 |
NL6915782A (fr) | 1970-10-23 |
DE1954880A1 (de) | 1970-11-19 |
GB1291583A (en) | 1972-10-04 |
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