US3584600A - Multiple doctor blade coating apparatus - Google Patents
Multiple doctor blade coating apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3584600A US3584600A US10079A US3584600DA US3584600A US 3584600 A US3584600 A US 3584600A US 10079 A US10079 A US 10079A US 3584600D A US3584600D A US 3584600DA US 3584600 A US3584600 A US 3584600A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- web
- doctor blade
- doctor
- coating apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 60
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 58
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100180402 Caenorhabditis elegans jun-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001864 baryta Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
- B05C5/0254—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/06—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying two different liquids or other fluent materials, or the same liquid or other fluent material twice, to the same side of the work
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
- G03C2001/7459—Extrusion coating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
- G03C2001/7466—Geometry and shape of application devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
- G03C2001/7481—Coating simultaneously multiple layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a multiple doctor blade coating apparatus and more particularly to an improved apparatus suitable for applying successively and at a high speed, a plurality of photographic fluid coating compositions such as gelatino silver halide emulsions, an emulsion for protective layer, an emulsion for antihalation layer, an emulsion for a filter layer and an emulsion for a masking layer, in applying photographic light sensitive materials to the surface of a continuously travelling web such as a film base or baryta paper, in one step, and without setting or drying the coated layers between their application.
- photographic fluid coating compositions such as gelatino silver halide emulsions, an emulsion for protective layer, an emulsion for antihalation layer, an emulsion for a filter layer and an emulsion for a masking layer, in applying photographic light sensitive materials to the surface of a continuously travelling web such as a film base or baryta paper, in one step, and without setting or drying the coated layers between their application.
- ln applying a coating composition to the surface ofa web it is generally desired to reduce the thickness of the coated layer for facilitating drying of the coated layer, to increase the coating speed, and also to reduce the size of the drying equipment to reduce the overall cost of drying.
- the thickness of each coated layer may be considerably reduced as compared to a conventional single layer doctor blade coating system.
- the clearance between the coating device and the web to be coated must be further reduced.
- cometlilte spots are caused by dust or other foreign solid materials deposited on or embedded in the back surface of the web or the surface ofa backup roller; coating defects are caused by the unevenness in thickness of web or local deformation of the web, and further the thickness of the coated layer becomes uneven due to poor finishing of the surface of the backup roller or the top of the doctor blade.
- cometlilte spots are caused by dust or other foreign solid materials deposited on or embedded in the back surface of the web or the surface ofa backup roller
- coating defects are caused by the unevenness in thickness of web or local deformation of the web, and further the thickness of the coated layer becomes uneven due to poor finishing of the surface of the backup roller or the top of the doctor blade.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an improved multiple doctor blade coating apparatus for achieving thin layer coating without narrowing the clearance between a coating device and a travelling web to be coated.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a multiple doctor coating apparatus for applying, in one step, a plurality of coating compositions in thin multiple layers at a high speed.
- Still another object of this invention is to provide a doctor coating apparatus for uniformly applying to a continuously travelling web, distinct, superimposed, multiple, thin layers of a plurality of coating compositions.
- a further object of this invention is to provide a multiple doctor coating apparatus suitable for simply and economically preparing photographic light sensitive materials involving multiple photographic layers of photographic coating compositions.
- each doctor blade in the travelling direction of the web is an important factor for determining the clearance between the coating device and the web in multiple doctor coating and have found that in the case where each coating composition has the same viscosity, a good coating can be achieved by adjusting the clearance between the coating device'and the web to the value determined bythe following equation:
- t the thickness of i-th coated layer (micron)
- n the number of coating compositions to be coated on the web simultaneously.
- a plurality of coating compositions can be applied to a web in thin layers without reducing the clearance between a coating device and the web by suitably selecting the length of each doctor blade in the travelling direction of web based on the aforesaid equation, that is, by making the length of the doctor blade for the coating composition of the uppermost layer in the travelling direction of web longer than the length of each of other doctor blades.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional elevational view of an embodiment of the coating apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary, enlarged., cross-sectional view of the coating section of the doctor blade coating apparatus shown in FIG. l.
- a coating device 2 is positioned slightly apart from a continuously travelling web l to be coated while supported by a backup roller.
- the coating apparatus comprises a series of separate chambers 3, 4, 5, and 6, each containing coating compositions for lst, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th layers respectively and each connected to means (not shown) for supplying separate coating compositions (not shown) thereto.
- Discharging openings or slots 7, 8, 9, and 10 are provided for applying to, web 1 each coating composition separately, with the slots each connected to corresponding chambers mentioned above.
- Doctor blades 15, 16, 17 and 18 partition the aforesaid discharging slots from each other and meter each coating composition to the web from the discharging slots.
- the doctor blades each have smooth top surfaces, finished with high accuracy facing the web. Doctor channels 11, 12, 13 and 14 are formed between the doctor blades and the web.
- a back plate 19 together with doctor blade 15 forms the discharge slot for the lst coating composition.
- Each coating composition is supplied to the corresponding chamber from supply means (not shown) at a rate corresponding to the desired thickness of coating.
- the compositions are applied directly to a continuously travelling web l, separately from each discharge slot or opening to fill the doctor channel formed between the doctor blades and the web and without forming spaces between the coating compositions. Distinct superimposed layers of the coating compositions are successively formed while metering the coating compositions by the corresponding doctor blades respectively in a desired ratio of thickness.
- the length L4 of the top plane of the doctor blade 18 in the travelling direction of web l and corresponding to the coating composition for the uppermost layer is from 5 to 20 mm., and must be longer than five times the length L1, L2, and La ofthe top planes of the doctor blades 1S, I6, and 17 respectively in the travelling direction of the web.
- the length Ll, L2, and La ofthe top surfaces of the doctor blades l5, 16, and 17 in the travelling direction of web are preferably from 0.5 to 2 mm.
- the length L, of the doctor blade l5, in the travelling direction ofweb and corresponding to the first layer of coating composition is desirably shorter than 0.5 mm.
- the clearance between the coating device and the web, in the multiple doctor coating apparatus of this invention may be 40 percent greater than that of employing a conventional doctor coating apparatus as mentioned above.
- the thickness of each coated layer can be effectively reduced by employing the multiple doctor blade coating apparatus of this invention.
- CALC ULATION 2 Number ot coatings, 4 Viscosity of each coating composition, 30 cp. Clearance between a coating device and a Web, 250 microns Multiple doctor coating Previous apparatus multiple of the doctor present coating invention apparatus Length of doctor blade:
- the clearance between the coating device and the web can be increased by about 60 percent over that of employing a conventional multiple doctor blade coating apparatus when the total thickness of the coated layers is kept constant.
- the clearance between a coating device and a web can be effectively reduced when a constant thickness of each coated layer is desired or the thickness of each coated layer can be effectively reduced when the clearance between the coating device and the web is constant. Therefore, according to the present invention it becomes possible to practice high speed thin layer multiple doctor blade coating.
- the multiple doctor coating apparatus of the present invention has, as a matter of course, the advantages common to conventional multiple doctor coating apparatus as mentioned above. Since a plurality of fluid coating compositions can be applied to a travelling web in one step without setting or drying each coating composition separately, they are all coated during one coating operation. Efficiency is extremely improved in the case where a photographic light sensitive material having multiple layers such as a color photographic material is prepared by means of the multiple coating apparatus of the present invention.
- the coating compositions continuously contact each other in the space or channel between the coating device and the web, the wetting property between the coating compositions is better, which facilitates the selection of surface active agents and neither stripes nor commets" which frequently form in the case of conventional multiple doctor blade coating apparatus are formed and uniform coating is achieved. Since the coating compositions contact a continuously travelling web in the space existing between the coating device and the web, the wetting property between the web and the coating compositions is improved, the air entrapped by the travelling web does not enter the space between the coating compositions and the web, even when the speed ofthe travelling web is increased. Also, the resistance ofthe coating compositions in the space between the coating device and the web to ambient disturbance is increased, which makes it possible to coat at high speed.
- the coating compositions are successively superimposed on a travelling web while being metered by a corresponding doctor blade. there sc'arcely occurs mixing and other disturbances of coating compositions at the interface between the coating compositions and hence uniform and distinct superimposed multiple layers of coating compositions can be formed.
- the clearance between the coating device and the web was about 350 microns, which coincides with the calculation result obtained by the equation (A) shown before, and a good coating was achieved.
- a multiple doctor coating apparatus for successively applying a plurality of coating compositions to the surface of a web travelling over a backup surface comprising:
- a coating-head having a plurality of chambers each adapted to receive a coating composition from a suitable supply means
- each of said chambers having a discharge opening, each of said discharge openings being successively adjacent each other in the direction of travel of said web with a doctor blade forming a downstream portion of each discharge opening in the direction of travel of said web and located in close proximity to said web;
- said doctor blades having each an end surface facing said web substantially parallel thereto and spaced substan tially equally distant therefrom, said doctor blades acting to meter each of said coating compositions as the coating compositions are discharged from their respective opening into the space between said doctor blades and the surface of said web;
- each of said end surfaces of said doctor blades having a substantial width in the direction of travel of said web with the width of the end surface of the doctor blade metering the topmost layer being at least 5 times greater than the width of the end surfaces of the other doctor blades, each of the end surfaces of said other doctor blades being approximately 2 mm.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4694767 | 1967-07-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3584600A true US3584600A (en) | 1971-06-15 |
Family
ID=12761476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10079A Expired - Lifetime US3584600A (en) | 1967-07-21 | 1970-02-13 | Multiple doctor blade coating apparatus |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3584600A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE1752816A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1229816A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4038442A (en) * | 1975-09-16 | 1977-07-26 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for coating |
| US5456944A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1995-10-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Magnetic dispersion coating method having high shear regions |
| FR2741285A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-21 | 1997-05-23 | Sony Corp | Applicateur a extrusion muni d'une filiere |
| US5728430A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-03-17 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Method for multilayer coating using pressure gradient regulation |
| US5962075A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-10-05 | Avery Dennison | Method of multilayer die coating using viscosity adjustment techniques |
| US20040214164A1 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-28 | Qing-Yu He | Serum biomarkers of Hepatitis B Virus infected liver and methods for detection thereof |
| US6824828B2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2004-11-30 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Method for forming multilayer release liners |
| US20080295765A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Tdk Corporation | Liquid applicator |
| US20220032525A1 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2022-02-03 | Compagnie Generate Des Etablissements Michelin | Coextrusion machine for elastomeric compounds, and method for manufacturing a profiled element strip |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19504930A1 (de) * | 1995-02-15 | 1996-08-22 | Basf Magnetics Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines magnetischen Aufzeichnungsträgers |
| DE10063216B8 (de) * | 1999-12-20 | 2013-05-16 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited | Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von fotosensiblem Material |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2932855A (en) * | 1956-09-11 | 1960-04-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method for forming film or sheeting |
| US3206323A (en) * | 1962-06-12 | 1965-09-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Coating high viscosity liquids |
| US3413143A (en) * | 1963-12-10 | 1968-11-26 | Ilford Ltd | High speed coating apparatus |
-
1968
- 1968-07-17 GB GB1229816D patent/GB1229816A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-07-19 DE DE19681752816 patent/DE1752816A1/de active Pending
-
1970
- 1970-02-13 US US10079A patent/US3584600A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2932855A (en) * | 1956-09-11 | 1960-04-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method for forming film or sheeting |
| US3206323A (en) * | 1962-06-12 | 1965-09-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Coating high viscosity liquids |
| US3413143A (en) * | 1963-12-10 | 1968-11-26 | Ilford Ltd | High speed coating apparatus |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4038442A (en) * | 1975-09-16 | 1977-07-26 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for coating |
| US5456944A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1995-10-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Magnetic dispersion coating method having high shear regions |
| US5582645A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1996-12-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Magnetic dispersion coating apparatus having high shear regions |
| US20050074549A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2005-04-07 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Method for forming multilayer release liners and liners formed thereby |
| US5728430A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-03-17 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Method for multilayer coating using pressure gradient regulation |
| US5962075A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-10-05 | Avery Dennison | Method of multilayer die coating using viscosity adjustment techniques |
| US20050100677A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2005-05-12 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Method for forming multilayer release liners and liners formed thereby |
| US6824828B2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2004-11-30 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Method for forming multilayer release liners |
| FR2741285A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-21 | 1997-05-23 | Sony Corp | Applicateur a extrusion muni d'une filiere |
| US20040214164A1 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-28 | Qing-Yu He | Serum biomarkers of Hepatitis B Virus infected liver and methods for detection thereof |
| US20080295765A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Tdk Corporation | Liquid applicator |
| US8020510B2 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2011-09-20 | Tdk Corporation | Coating die having front and back concave surfaces corresponding to narrow central angles of the guide roll |
| US20220032525A1 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2022-02-03 | Compagnie Generate Des Etablissements Michelin | Coextrusion machine for elastomeric compounds, and method for manufacturing a profiled element strip |
| US12005624B2 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2024-06-11 | Compagnie Generate Des Etablissements Michelin | Coextrusion machine for elastomeric compounds, and method for manufacturing a profiled element strip |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1229816A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1971-04-28 |
| DE1752816A1 (de) | 1971-12-16 |
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