US3580037A - Tube extrusion apparatus including separable arrested mandrel tip tube cutoff - Google Patents

Tube extrusion apparatus including separable arrested mandrel tip tube cutoff Download PDF

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Publication number
US3580037A
US3580037A US765406A US3580037DA US3580037A US 3580037 A US3580037 A US 3580037A US 765406 A US765406 A US 765406A US 3580037D A US3580037D A US 3580037DA US 3580037 A US3580037 A US 3580037A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mandrel
extrusion
die
tip
billet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US765406A
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English (en)
Inventor
John W Issott
Harold E Honkala
Delbert V Carraher
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Bank of Nova Scotia
Wolverine Tube Inc
Universal Oil Products Co
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Universal Oil Products Co
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Assigned to WOLVERINE TUBE, INC., A DE. CORP. reassignment WOLVERINE TUBE, INC., A DE. CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: UOP INC.,
Assigned to BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, THE reassignment BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP. A CORP. OF DE
Assigned to WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP., A DE CORP reassignment WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP., A DE CORP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WOLVERINE TUBE, INC.,
Assigned to WOLVERINE TUBE, INC., A CORP. OF AL reassignment WOLVERINE TUBE, INC., A CORP. OF AL CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/217—Tube extrusion presses

Definitions

  • Tube extrusion apparatus employing an arrested mandrel having a separable tip including axially spaced extrusion and cutoff portions.
  • the mandrel tip is substantially smaller than the-main mandrel which supports the tip during billet piercing operation resulting in back extrusion of the billet material.
  • the mandrel is stationary during the extrusion operation and at the completion advances slightly to introduce the tube cutoff portion of the mandrel tip into the extrusion die.
  • FIGB 42 l/ 41a is T F
  • the apparatus performs a tube extrusion operation normally from the solid billet, but possibly with a previously apertured billet.
  • a main mandrel is employed extending through the billet container which is relatively large, at least substantially larger than the internal diameter of the extrusion die.
  • Carried at the forward end of the main mandrel is a removable and replaceable mandrel tip having at least two portions of different diameter. The leading one of these two portions is dimensioned to be received within the throat of the die and to determine wall thickness of the extruded tube.
  • this portion of the mandrel tip which is referred to herein as the extrusion portion, remains in a stationary positionin the throat of the die.
  • a ram normally operating through an annular pressure pad, pushes the material of the billet forwardly over the relatively large main mandrel and into the restricted portion adjacent the entrance into the die and eventually through the throat of the die around the extrusion portion of the mandrel.
  • the main mandrel with the removable tip is moved forwardly a short distance causing the cutoff portion of the mandrel tip to enter into the throat of the die.
  • This cutoff portion has a diameter very slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the throat and its entrance into the die results in severing the rear end of the extruded tube from the portion of the billet remaining in the container.
  • FIGS. 14 are plan views, partly in section, showing the critical components of the tube extrusion apparatus in the positions which the parts reach sequentially during tube extrusion.
  • FIGS. 59 are sectional views generally diagrammatic in character, showing positions reached sequentially by the mandrel and mandrel tip.
  • FIG. is a sectional longitudinal view through the mandrel tip.
  • FIG. 11 is an end view of the mandrel tip.
  • the present invention is concerned primarily with a novel mandrel and removable and replaceable mandrel tip, but in order to understand the operation and advantages of the mandrel and particularly the mandrel tip, it is considered desirable to briefly review the complete tube extrusion apparatus.
  • FIGS. l-4 there is shown a plan view with parts in section showing the essential operating components of tube extrusion apparatus.
  • This apparatus comprises a stationary die 10 having a circularopening 12-therethrough suitably supported in die support structure indicated generally at 14 which includes a chamber or container 16 for the reception of a billet 18 of the material from the tube is to be extruded.
  • the billet 18 is in the form of a solid cylindrical body although if desired, it may initially have an opening extending axially therethrough.
  • the disclosure in these FIGS. is more or less diagrammatic and that the actual container for the billet may be a separate sleeve formed of a material capable of resisting the scouring effect of the metal of the billet as it is caused to flow.
  • Ram and piercing mechanism is provided effective to initially force a mandrel assembly comprising an elongated relatively large main mandrel 20 and a detachable and replaceable mandrel tip 22 through the billet so as to position the mandrel tip 22 in a proper position for extrusion.
  • the mandrel tip includes a reduced extrusion or sizing portion 24 adapted to be positioned and maintained in fixed relation within the throat of the die to determine the internal diameter of the tube during extrusion.
  • the mandrel tip also includes a relatively larger cutoff portion 26 whose diameter is only slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the die and which is effective, when the mandrel assembly is moved slightly forwardly upon completion of the extrusion operation to sever the extruded tube from the portion of the billet remaining in the container.
  • the mechanism for carrying out the tube piercing and extrusion operations comprises a cylinder 28 having a movable piston 30 therein connected through rod structure 32 to the main mandrel 20, Connected to the rod structure is guide and abutment means 34 engageable with retractable stop elements 36 for purposes which will presently be described.
  • a main ram cylinder 38 is provided in which there is a main ram 40 movable longitudinally therein upon the introduction of hydraulic fluid under pressure into the cylinder 38.
  • the main ram 40 is solidly connected to an annular ram sleeve 42 which is adapted to apply pressure to the rear end of the billet through an annular dummy block or pressure pad 44.
  • the abutments 36 are each connected to pistons 46 slidable in cylinders 48 between the operative position illustrated in FIG. I and the retracted positions illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the guide and abutment means 34 is slidable longitudinally on rods 50 which carry adjustable stop nuts 52.
  • the stop elements or abutments 36 are generally U-shaped and in the position illustrated in FIG. 1, straddle the rod 50 and are engageable at one side with the stop nuts 52.
  • the next succeeding operation is the admission of further fluid pressure to the cylinder 28, advancing the piston 30 to a position determined by the engagement between the guide and abutment means 34 with the abutments 36.
  • This position must be determined with considerable accuracy since it serves to locate the forward reduced extrusion portion 24 within the throat of the die 10 so as to define therewith an annular space which determines the size of the extruded tubing.
  • the ram sleeve 42 and the dummy block 44 remain in fixed position.
  • the main mandrel which supports the mandrel tip is relatively larger than the mandrel tip and since a substantial portion of the main mandrel enters the container 16, back extrusion of the material of the billet 18 occurs.
  • FIG. 3 A plug which has been separated from the material of the billet and pushed through the die ahead of the mandrel tip is illustrated at 54.
  • FIG. 5 it will be observed that the forward end of the reduced mandrel tip 22 is directly adjacent the rear end of the billet l8 and that in this position the dummy block 44 has just entered the rear end of the container 16, thus closing it.
  • the advancing movement of the mandrel 20 results in piercing the billet and some backward displacement or extrusion of the billet due to its elongation as seen in FIG. 6.
  • this operation results in placing the forward reduced extrusion portion 24 of the mandrel tip within the throat of the die where it remains during the complete extrusion operation.
  • FIG. 7 the extrusion operation is illustrated as partially completed, the mandrel 20 having remained in the same position illustrated in FIG. 6 while the ram sleeve 42 and dummy block 44 have advanced to extrude material from the billet 18 into the tubing illustrated at T.
  • FIG. 8 the parts are shown in the position corresponding to the end of the extrusion operation, at which time further movement of the ram sleeve 42 to the right has terminated.
  • FIG. 9 the ram sleeve is shown as slightly withdrawn, dummy block 44 remaining in its furthest advanced position, and the main mandrel 20 has advanced slightly to bring the enlarged tube cutoff portion 26 of the mandrel tip into the throat of the die 10, thus performing a tube cutoff operation severing the rear end of the tube T from the remaining material of the billet 18.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 there is shown the detailed construction of the removable mandrel tip 22.
  • the tip is provided with a through opening 60 which terminates in a small passage 62, as for example approximately three thirty-seconds of an inch which permits cooling fluid to escape from the interior of the mandrel and particularly, to permit steam to pass to the interior of the finished tube as it moves beyond the die.
  • a small passage 62 as for example approximately three thirty-seconds of an inch which permits cooling fluid to escape from the interior of the mandrel and particularly, to permit steam to pass to the interior of the finished tube as it moves beyond the die.
  • At its rear end of the mandrel tip 22 has an enlarged radial flange 64 provided with a concave fillet 66 at its forward portion and provided rear wardly of a flat radial surface 68 with threads as illustrated at 70.
  • a cylindrical pilot surface 72 which is dimensioned to fit accurately within a piloting recess provided at the forward end of the main mandrel 20. Accordingly, the mandrel tip will be firmly attached to the forward end of the mandrel and will be located accurately thereon by engagement between the cylindrical pilot surface 72 and the flat locating surface 68 thereof with corresponding accurately formed piloting and locating surfaces on the main mandrel.
  • the forward reduced extrusion portion 24 of the mandrel tip is connected to the somewhat larger tube cutoff portion 26 by a gradually inclined or conica portion 74.
  • the mandrel tip 22 forwardly of the extruded portion the mandrel tip has a first reduced portion 76 and a further reduced portion 78.
  • the forward end of the otherwise cylindrical extrusion portion 24 of the mandrel tip is slightly tapered as indicated at 79, as for example to the 1 cone angle indicated.
  • the forward end of the mandrel tip is concave as indicated at 80. This arrangement facilitates piercing of the billet as well as a back extrusion of the material, as best illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • flats 82 are provided at opposite sides of the mandrel tip which cooperate with a wrench for screwing and unscrewing the tip with respect to the main mandrel.
  • the diameter of the tube cutoff portion 26 may for example 0.0l0 inch smaller than the internal diameter of the throat of the die 10. This results in a reduction in thickness of the material of the tube to an extent where it is effectively severed from the material of the billet.
  • the present construction has several important practical advantages over conventional tube extrusion apparatus.
  • a relatively large and therefore quite strong and rigid main mandrel mandrel structure capable of piercing substantially longer billets is provided. This is a very important practical advantage since it results in the extrusion of longer lengths of tubing and further results in the extrusion of a greater percentage of a billet into the tubular extrusion.
  • significant advantages are obtained when the main mandrel has a diameter substantially larger than the diameter of the cutoff portion of the mandrel tip and preferably, the diameter of the main mandrel is at least 20 percent greater than the diameter of the cutoff portion of the extrusion tip.
  • diameter of the cutoff portion of the mandrel tip was approximately 1.990 inches, and the diameter of the main mandrel was 2.624 inches.
  • the main mandrel has a diameter 0.634 inch greater than the diameter of the cutoff portion of the mandrel tip, representing an increase in diameter of over 30 percent. This in turn renders the main mandrel substantially more rigid than a mandrel capable of advance during the extrusion operation and hence, suggesting an elongated extrusion portion substantially equal in length to the main mandrel of the present invention.
  • Tube extrusion apparatus comprising a billet container, an annular die having an open throat at the front of said container, a ram for applying extrusion pressure to a billet in said container to extrude material thereof through said die, and mandrel structure extending through said container into the throat of said die, said mandrel structure comprising an elongated main mandrel of a cross section area substantially exceeding the cross section area of said die throat, a removable and replaceable mandrel tip at the forward end of said main mandrel having a short forward substantially cylindrical extrusion portion dimensioned to be received in the die throat with a clearance determinative of the wall thickness of tubing extruded thereover and a short slightly enlarged cylindrical cutoff portion behind said extrusion portion dimensioned to enter the throat of the die and to sever the extruded tubing, and means for arresting said mandrel structure with the forward extrusion portion of said mandrel tip in said die throat and retaining said mandrel structure in fixed position during extrusion
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 1, the means for arresting said mandrel structure and thereafter providing limited additional advance comprising fixed abutment means, stop means movable with said mandrel means, and movable abutment means selectively movable into position between said fixed abutment means and said stop means to arrest said mandrel structure with said extrusion portion in said die throat and movable out of such position to provide for further advance of said mandrel structure until said stop means engages said fixed abutment means and said cutoff portion enters said die throat.
  • the method of extruding a tube which comprises supporting a mandrel tip having a forward sizing portion and a following slightly larger cutoff portion at the front end of a heavy main mandrel having a diameter substantially larger than that of said cutoff portion, positioning an elongated billet in a container having a die at its forward end, forcing the main mandrel forwardly to pierce the billet to elongate the billet by back-extrusion,.to position the sizing portion of the tip in said die, and to position the forward end of said main mandrel to occupy a substantial portion of the billet, extruding the material of said billet by applying pressure to the rear of said billet thus causing the material of the billet to flow forwardly along the main mandrel and along the cutoff portion of the mandrel tip and thence through the die and along the sizing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
US765406A 1968-10-07 1968-10-07 Tube extrusion apparatus including separable arrested mandrel tip tube cutoff Expired - Lifetime US3580037A (en)

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DE (1) DE1950587A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1227290A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5032063A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-08 1975-03-28
US4201071A (en) * 1977-02-07 1980-05-06 Asea Aktiebolag Mandrel for high pressure tube extrusion press
WO1987005238A1 (en) * 1986-03-05 1987-09-11 Stewart Charles L Indirect extrusion process and machinery therefor
US5687604A (en) * 1996-05-30 1997-11-18 Exco Technologies Ltd. Thermal controlled mandrel with replaceable tip for copper and brass extrusion
CN106903178A (zh) * 2017-02-17 2017-06-30 清华大学 一种具有组合式挤压轴的挤压机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2726675C3 (de) * 1977-06-14 1981-07-23 Paderwerk Gebr. Benteler, 4794 Schloss Neuhaus Kombinierter Loch- und Innendorn für das Strangpressen von Stahlrohren aus Blöcken

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2296A (en) * 1841-10-11 Machine for making pipes or tubes ot lead
US861194A (en) * 1904-01-29 1907-07-23 Arnold Schwieger Hydraulic press.
US2063563A (en) * 1934-08-27 1936-12-08 Sparks Processes Inc Manufacture of extruded metal shapes by hot hydraulic extrusion
FR1051050A (fr) * 1952-02-25 1954-01-12 Comptoir Ind Etirage Dispositif de réglage rapide de la longueur d'un mandrin de filage à chaud de tubes
US2698683A (en) * 1951-04-23 1955-01-04 Calumet & Hecla Extrusion press having mandrel cooling means
US2713941A (en) * 1952-09-02 1955-07-26 Calumet & Hecla Apparatus for extruding tubing
US2896783A (en) * 1954-07-06 1959-07-28 Lake Erie Machinery Corp Mandrel positioning and ram arresting apparatus
US3116834A (en) * 1960-12-22 1964-01-07 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Extrusion of metal tubing
US3296848A (en) * 1963-10-21 1967-01-10 Reynolds Metals Co Method and apparatus for extruding tubular members from solid billets or the like

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2296A (en) * 1841-10-11 Machine for making pipes or tubes ot lead
US861194A (en) * 1904-01-29 1907-07-23 Arnold Schwieger Hydraulic press.
US2063563A (en) * 1934-08-27 1936-12-08 Sparks Processes Inc Manufacture of extruded metal shapes by hot hydraulic extrusion
US2698683A (en) * 1951-04-23 1955-01-04 Calumet & Hecla Extrusion press having mandrel cooling means
FR1051050A (fr) * 1952-02-25 1954-01-12 Comptoir Ind Etirage Dispositif de réglage rapide de la longueur d'un mandrin de filage à chaud de tubes
US2713941A (en) * 1952-09-02 1955-07-26 Calumet & Hecla Apparatus for extruding tubing
US2896783A (en) * 1954-07-06 1959-07-28 Lake Erie Machinery Corp Mandrel positioning and ram arresting apparatus
US3116834A (en) * 1960-12-22 1964-01-07 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Extrusion of metal tubing
US3296848A (en) * 1963-10-21 1967-01-10 Reynolds Metals Co Method and apparatus for extruding tubular members from solid billets or the like

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5032063A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-08 1975-03-28
US4201071A (en) * 1977-02-07 1980-05-06 Asea Aktiebolag Mandrel for high pressure tube extrusion press
WO1987005238A1 (en) * 1986-03-05 1987-09-11 Stewart Charles L Indirect extrusion process and machinery therefor
US4781053A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-11-01 Stewart Charles L Indirect extrusion process and machinery therefor
US5687604A (en) * 1996-05-30 1997-11-18 Exco Technologies Ltd. Thermal controlled mandrel with replaceable tip for copper and brass extrusion
CN106903178A (zh) * 2017-02-17 2017-06-30 清华大学 一种具有组合式挤压轴的挤压机

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Publication number Publication date
GB1227290A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-07
DE1950587A1 (de) 1970-06-18

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AS Assignment

Owner name: WOLVERINE TUBE, INC., A DE. CORP.,ALABAMA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:UOP INC.,;REEL/FRAME:004657/0711

Effective date: 19861027

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