US3577896A - Method for producing structure components of reinforced concrete subjected to tensile stress - Google Patents

Method for producing structure components of reinforced concrete subjected to tensile stress Download PDF

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Publication number
US3577896A
US3577896A US769478A US3577896DA US3577896A US 3577896 A US3577896 A US 3577896A US 769478 A US769478 A US 769478A US 3577896D A US3577896D A US 3577896DA US 3577896 A US3577896 A US 3577896A
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United States
Prior art keywords
concrete
accordance
pressure
reinforced concrete
pads
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Expired - Lifetime
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US769478A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Finsterwalder
Klemens Finsterwalder
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Walter Bau AG
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Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
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Priority claimed from DE19671658451 external-priority patent/DE1658451B1/de
Application filed by Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG filed Critical Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/20—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/26—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members prestressed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
    • E01C11/12—Packing of metal and plastic or elastic materials
    • E01C11/123—Joints with only metal and in situ prepared packing or filling

Definitions

  • Jacob ABSTRACT Method for making reinforced concrete structures or elements to be subjected to tensile stresses where pressure pads or casing presses are located in slots extending down from the surface at a predetermined distance from one another in parallel planes and splitting pressure is applied by hydraulic means through the presses in a direction perpendicular to the parallel planes.
  • the present invention relates to reinforced or prestressed concrete construction and is concerned with a method for producing structural components or other structures of reinforced concrete that are subject to tensile stresses and providing fissures in such structures.
  • the building material generally referred to as reinforced or steel concrete is a combination building material made of concrete and steel rods where the former absorbs the compression stresses and the latter the tensile stresses or strains. If this combination material is exclusively subjected to pressure as, for example, in Connection with columns loaded centrally by a compression force P, then the carrying capacities of both building materials, concrete and steel, are set up independently of one another in accordance with the theory of plasticity as a percentage of their wear resistance or breaking strength.
  • FIGS. 1(a), 1(b) and 1(c) three different conditions of tension are illustrated in FIGS. 1(a), 1(b) and 1(c) in connection with a cross section of a combination of concrete and steel. In this case FIG. 1(a) ap-' plies with a constant compressive stress 8,, and equal steel cross sections Fe at both borders or ends.
  • tension condition is designated as tension condition If, however, a combination material cross section of concrete and steel is loaded in such a manner that pull slits can arise in the concrete (FIG. 10), then it is commonly assumed in computing, that the concrete does not participate in the absorption of the tensile stresses in the entire pull or tension zone, so that the total tensile stresses must be absorbed by the steel.
  • This distribution of tension in the cross section is defined as condition ,II.” It is used as the basis for the computation of compression of greater eccentricity for tension and for pure pull.
  • this problem is solved in the external loads to cause cracks or splits which extend at predetermined distances parallel to one another vertically with respect to the supporting direction of the structure, so that the concrete is elastically pressed apart in the plane of the splits or cracks to be produced by splitting forces acting perpendicularly to this plane.
  • cracks are artificially produced at predetermined distances from one another in a reinforced concrete structural element that is subjected to tensile stress. If the distances of the cracks from one another are so adjusted to the entire supporting behavior of the structure, that between the given splits wild cracks or splits are avoided, then it is possible on the basis of the expansibility of the construction material steel concrete, between any two splits or cracks and the distribution of tension of the steel in the splits to make a prediction about the elasticity module for tension, so that the concrete can be made to participate in absorbing the tensile stresses within the limits of its strength.
  • these splits or cracks are produced in that in the plane of the splits to be made, small pressure elements or pads are provided that extend merely across a part of the thickness of the structure which inorder to produce the splitting forces are charged with a hydraulic pressure agent.
  • the pressure elements or pads are subsequently placed in wedges or grooves produced in the surface of the structural elements.
  • the pressure pads are in the form of elongated, narrow casing presses of sheet steel, which casing presses may, in addition, be coated on the outside with a binding agent, for example, bitumen.
  • grooves or slots 2 of approximately 4 mm. width are produced in a runway cover 1 poureduninterruptedly without gaps, after it is hardened at distances of,
  • grooves or slots can be provided without difficulties, for example by scoring with a known groove cutter.
  • These grooves or slots 2 extend transversely of the longitudinal extent of the runway plate 1. The depth of penetration of the slots is determined in relation to the total thickness of the concrete construction because it is necessary to insure that the split or crack that will be formed will also extend over the entire depth of the concrete construction. With a runway plate of 16 cm. thickness, for example, a penetration depth of 3 .5 cm. is sufficient for the groove or slot 2.
  • casing presses 3 In the small grooves or slots 2 thus produced, pressure elements or pads in the form of casing presses 3 are inserted.
  • casing presses may be made from a tube of steel sheet metal of about 0.5 mm. thickness which has been pressed flat, or also from one or two correspondingly thick small sheet metal strips which are welded together at the longitudinal edges or brazed, or otherwise connected. These casing presses extend over the entire width of the roadway cover.
  • a small tube is provided to which an injection nozzle can be connected. The other end may be provided with an air escape tube, but it may also be closed.
  • a pressure agent for example water or an emulsion of oil and water
  • the hollow space to be filled is only small and the quantity of the pressure agent is small, it is possible to obtain the required high pressure in a very simple manner.
  • the pressure agent is forced in, first the outer surface of the casing press is forced against the walls of the slot while the outer surface adjusts itself plasti-' cally to minor defects in surface flatness. Then the splitting forces S which act vertically on the slot 2 produce a widening of the slot that reliably leads to the development of a split 4 below the groove or slot.
  • the widening of the slot and consequently also the width of the crack or split corresponds to the elastic compression of the concrete between two successive splits and to the elastic expansion of the steel inserts 5 by the width of the split.
  • This elastic deforming recedes after the pressure has been released, so that the slot is filled by the pressure pad which remains therein in a manner that in a sense it is resiliently filled.
  • the slot and the split 4 that begins at the lower edge thereof are thus simultaneously protected against the penetration of dust, moisture or the like.
  • the casing presses used in accordance with the invention for producing artificial slits in the concrete parts as described in the example explained above must not be laid in the slots produced subsequently in the concrete, but they can already be laid into the concrete from the start as it is poured into the frame. In this connection it is only necessary to ascertain that the plane of the pressure pads is always exactly in the plane of the slits or gaps to be produced.
  • any desired reinforced concrete elements or structures in accordance with the method of the invention.
  • This not only includes the runway covers or slabs described above but, for example, also pure tension members, supports in the form of walls, structural components which are connected to tension members, and the like.
  • Method of producing a plurality of spaced cracks in reinforcedconcrete structures or structural com nents sub'ect to tensile stress said cracks extending paralle to one ano er in a direction perpendicular to the carrying direction of the structure at predetermined distances from one another, said method including the steps of providing slots at predetermined locations, placing pressure pads into said slots and pressing apart the concrete by pressure forces applied by said pads against the walls of said slots in the plane of the splits to be produced and effective perpendicularly to said plane.
  • Method in accordance with claim 1 comprising the steps of placing small pressure pads in the plane of the splits to be produced over a part only of the thickness of the structure and charging said pads with a hydraulic pressure agent in order to produce splitting forces.
  • Method in accordance with claim 2 including the step of producing said slots in the surface of the structures or components after the concrete has been poured and placing the pressure pads therein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
US769478A 1967-10-17 1968-10-17 Method for producing structure components of reinforced concrete subjected to tensile stress Expired - Lifetime US3577896A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671658451 DE1658451B1 (de) 1967-10-17 1967-10-17 Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Rissfugen in Bauteilen aus Beton,insbesondere in Fahrbahndecken

Publications (1)

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US3577896A true US3577896A (en) 1971-05-11

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US769478A Expired - Lifetime US3577896A (en) 1967-10-17 1968-10-17 Method for producing structure components of reinforced concrete subjected to tensile stress

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US (1) US3577896A (de)
AT (1) AT298745B (de)
FR (1) FR1584442A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4657430A (en) * 1983-01-24 1987-04-14 Marionneaux John L Roadway and roadway expansion joint
US6409423B1 (en) * 1994-04-29 2002-06-25 Ran Li Prestressed pavement system
US6745532B1 (en) * 1998-07-07 2004-06-08 Vazquez Ruiz Del Arbol Jose Ramon Process for the articulated imbrication of concrete slabs ¢i(in situ)
WO2014036580A1 (de) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Kirchdorfer Fertigteilholding Gmbh Ortbetonschutzwand

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1900446A (en) * 1931-10-13 1933-03-07 Joy Bros Inc Device for breaking down coal
US2251672A (en) * 1936-06-04 1941-08-05 Bengt F Friberg Method of casting concrete pavements
US2833186A (en) * 1956-11-19 1958-05-06 Preload Co Inc Reinforced pavements
US2852991A (en) * 1953-12-03 1958-09-23 Preload Co Inc Prestressed pavements
US2910921A (en) * 1953-10-21 1959-11-03 Freyssinet Eugene Surface areas of pre-stressed concrete and their method of construction
US3437017A (en) * 1964-08-05 1969-04-08 Baustahlgewebe Gmbh Reinforced concrete road construction

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1900446A (en) * 1931-10-13 1933-03-07 Joy Bros Inc Device for breaking down coal
US2251672A (en) * 1936-06-04 1941-08-05 Bengt F Friberg Method of casting concrete pavements
US2910921A (en) * 1953-10-21 1959-11-03 Freyssinet Eugene Surface areas of pre-stressed concrete and their method of construction
US2852991A (en) * 1953-12-03 1958-09-23 Preload Co Inc Prestressed pavements
US2833186A (en) * 1956-11-19 1958-05-06 Preload Co Inc Reinforced pavements
US3437017A (en) * 1964-08-05 1969-04-08 Baustahlgewebe Gmbh Reinforced concrete road construction

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4657430A (en) * 1983-01-24 1987-04-14 Marionneaux John L Roadway and roadway expansion joint
US6409423B1 (en) * 1994-04-29 2002-06-25 Ran Li Prestressed pavement system
US6745532B1 (en) * 1998-07-07 2004-06-08 Vazquez Ruiz Del Arbol Jose Ramon Process for the articulated imbrication of concrete slabs ¢i(in situ)
WO2014036580A1 (de) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Kirchdorfer Fertigteilholding Gmbh Ortbetonschutzwand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT298745B (de) 1972-05-25
FR1584442A (de) 1969-12-19

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