US3575532A - Gas pump of a liquid-ring type - Google Patents

Gas pump of a liquid-ring type Download PDF

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Publication number
US3575532A
US3575532A US798274A US3575532DA US3575532A US 3575532 A US3575532 A US 3575532A US 798274 A US798274 A US 798274A US 3575532D A US3575532D A US 3575532DA US 3575532 A US3575532 A US 3575532A
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United States
Prior art keywords
suction
rotor
opening
pressure
suction opening
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US798274A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Mugele
Paul Schnapper
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19681678604 external-priority patent/DE1678604C/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
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Publication of US3575532A publication Critical patent/US3575532A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C19/00—Rotary-piston pumps with fluid ring or the like, specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C19/005—Details concerning the admission or discharge

Definitions

  • a gas pump of a liquid-ring type whose housing structure has a first suction opening and a pressure opening at the respective localities where the liquid ring, formed by centrifugal force during operation of the pump rotor, penetrates most deeply and least deeply into the intervane spaces of the rotor and is additionally provided with at least one further suction opening which is located between the first suction opening and the pressure opening.
  • the additional suction opening relative to the direction of rotor rotation, has its leading end spaced from the lagging end of the first suction opening an amount equal to, or larger than, the vane division of the rotor.
  • a suction duct is connected to the additional suction opening which is separate from the suction duct that communicates through the first suction opening with the interior of the pump housing.
  • the invention relates to a gas pump of a liquid-ring type and preferably to pumps for evacuation purposes.
  • Pumps of this type comprise, for example, an approximately cylindrical housing partially filled with liquid such as water, in which a vane rotor is eccentrically journaled, the housing being covered on both axial sides of the rotor by control plates of which each is provided with suction and pressure openings for the medium to be pumped, these two openings in each control plate being arcuately spaced from each other.
  • the rotation of the rotor causes the liquid, hereinafter referred to as water although other liquids are also applicable, to be flung outwardly and thus form along the inner periphery of the housing a water ring which rotates with the rotor and which is guided on a raceway space formed by the housing conjointly with the appertaining two control discs of the housing structure.
  • the rotating ring of water conjointly with the vanes of the rotor forms respective cells which during rotation of the rotor periodically enlarge and thereafter reduce in volume.
  • the housing structure or more specifically the abovementioned control discs, have suction openings in the form of arcuately elongated slots at those localities where the cells commence to enlarge their volume, that is, where the ring of water reduces its depth of penetration into the intervane spaces of the rotor.
  • the gas to be delivered or evacuated is inducted into the cells through these suction openings.
  • the pressure openings also preferably designed as arcuately elongated slots, are spaced from the suction slots by an angle of approximately l80.
  • Gas or vacuum pumps of the type described are generally known and available in the trade. Reference may be had, for example, to German Pat. No. 269,531 (single-acting pump) or to U.S. Pat. No. 1,718,294 (double-acting pump).
  • vacuum pumps of the type described above are employed for single-stage action in pressure-ratio ranges of about 1.5 (for example 500 Torr to 760 Torr) to about 25 (for example 30 Torr to 760 Torr).
  • the pressure ratio is low, the pump discharging pressure (for example 760 Torr) is attained relatively early; hence the pressure slot should likewise commence at an earlier point of the rotational rotor travel and consequently, as seen in the peripheral direction, should be given a longer arcuate extent.
  • the pressure slot should have a considerably shorter extent.
  • the sickleshaped pressure opening is normally constructed for a relatively large pressure ratio and hence is made relatively small.
  • the housing structure is provided with a few bores located slightly ahead of the sickleshaped pressure openings, likewise seen in the direction of rotation. Those bores that are located in the region of the discharging pressure, readily permit the gas to pass through, whereas the water located on the backside of the control disc covers all other bores located in the region of lower pressure.
  • valve action is even more effective if the abovementioned bores are provided with ball valves whose balls open or close in dependence upon the pressure ratio.
  • the described pumping cycle in each case is predicated upon the presence of a liquid ring which more or less enters into the intervane spaces of a rotating pump rotor, as well as upon at least one suction opening and a pressure opening arranged at the respective localities where the water ring has substantially the shallowest and deepest penetration into the intervane spaces.
  • All gas pumps of the liquid-ring type are predicated upon this fundamental principle of design and operation, including all of the known modifications of this type of pump.
  • Another object is to devise a gas pump of the liquid-ring type which is capable of performing the function of two pumps for respectively different suction pressures.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a pump applicable for mixing and conveying gases and/or vapors for the purpose of performing chemical reactions within.
  • a pump generally of the liquid-ring type is provided with at least one additional suction opening located between the normally employed suction opening and the pressure opening. Seen in the running direction of the pump rotor, the additional suction opening is spaced from the end of the first-mentioned suction opening by an arcuate amount at least equal to the vane division of the rotor, and a separate suction duct or conduit is provided to communicate through the additional suction opening with the interior of the housing structure.
  • FIG. 1 Shown on the drawing is a gas pump of the liquid-ring type designated by l, the illustration of the pump being schematical and with the circular control disc facing the observer and forming part of the housing structure removed to expose the interior.
  • the housing structure further comprises an approximately cylindrical housing portion 3 which at both axial ends is enclosed by the control discs of which only the rear disc 16 is visible.
  • a rotor 2 carrying a number of uniformly distributed vanes around its peripheral surface is eccentrically journaled in the housing and, during operation of the pump, rotates in the clockwise direction indicated by an arrow 17.
  • the gas to be delivered is confined in a vessel 10 which is connected with the suction duct 8 of the liquid-ring pump 1.
  • the duct 8 communicates through a suction opening 5 in the control disc 16 with the interior of the working space of the pump.
  • the suction opening 5 is arcuately elongated to the shape of a crescent or sickle, or rather, to only one-half portion of such a shape.
  • the gaseous medium is inducted into the pump space where it enters into a cell formed between each two adjacent rotor vanes and the rotating, eccentric ring of liquid.
  • the gas enclosed in each cell is compressed during the clockwise rotation of the rotor until it is ejected in compressed condition through the pressure opening 4 of the control disc 16.
  • the compression of the gas is up to the atmospheric pressure obtaining at the pressure duct or conduit 9 of the pump.
  • the pump is further provided with an additional suction opening 6 in the control disc 16 which forms part of the housing structure.
  • Another suction duct 7 communicates through the additional suction opening 6 with the working space of the pump.
  • the suction opening 6, relative to the direction of rotor rotation, is spaced from the end of the first suction opening 5 by an arcuate distance corresponding at least to one vane division I so that the two suction openings 5 and 6 are always separated from each other by at least one rotor vane.
  • the additional suction opening 6 extends, relative to the rotational direction, approximately into the region where the water ring 19 again enters into the vane interspace of the rotor up to the region of commencing compression.
  • the rotor cells passing by the suction opening 6, if no gas were inducted through the suction opening 6, would have approximately the same gas pressure as obtains at the suction duct 8.
  • the additional gas quantity Q can be inducted through the suction conduit 7 under the suction (induction) pressure p
  • one or more precompressors may be connected to the additional suction duct 7 ahead of the additional suction opening 6, the precompressing ejectors or the like devices being operated with gas and/or steam.
  • the driving medium 20 entering through a control valve 14 is accelerated in a driving nozzle 12 and when entering into the suction space, vigorously entrains the medium to be delivered.
  • the diffusor 13 which follows the ejector nozzle 12 compresses the mixture of delivering medium and the driving jet (air or steam) up to the desired induction pressure.
  • the gas quantity additionally supplied to the pump through the suction opening 6 can be controlled. This can be done, for example, in such a manner that the same gas quantity always passes through the pressure opening 4 independently of the pressure obtaining at the suction duct 8.
  • a further enlargement in the field of use of such a pump results if a gas or steam ejector is connected ahead of the additional suction opening.
  • a pump according to the invention is advantageously applicable for mixing and conveying gases and/or vapors for the purpose of performing chemical reactions within a space sealed with the aid of the liquid-ring pump. This is achieved as described above by supplying the two gaseous or vaporous reactants through the two suction openings respectively into the pump.
  • Another significant advantage of the additional suction opening in a pump according to the invention resides in the fact that this opening permits inducting into the pump such a quantity of fluid and compressible medium, for example gas, that even if the pressure ratio varies greatly between the first suction opening and the pressure opening, the quantity of gas delivered through the pressure opening remains constant so that the pressure opening can be given a uniform and constant outlet cross section.
  • valves of any kind are no longer required.
  • the required quantity of air may be supplied from an enclosed space, such as a vessel, that is likewise to be evacuated, and this supply can be controlled by a manually actuated or pressure-responsive throttle valve. It is further possible to connect the additional suction opening through such a throttle valve directly with the ambient air or with the pressure space of the pump.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiment but can be analogously applied to any other design of gas pumps according to the liquid-ring type.
  • This includes designs in which two or more working regions are provided along the housing periphery of which each region comprises its own suction slot and pressure slot.
  • twin pumps are known, for example, from the above-mentioned US. Pat. No. 1,718,294 and US. Pat. No. l,797,980.
  • the invention is further applicable in the manner described above, to pump designs in which the suction and pressure slots are not located in the lateral control discs but are located in control cylinders or control cones which laterally protrude into the rotor.
  • the particular embodiment shown for illustration and description in the present specification comprises two rotor half-portions, each having one of the two control discs coordinated thereto.
  • the two halfportions of the rotor can also be separated from each other by a partition located in the middle of the rotor and in the middle of the cylindrical housing, so that, by applying the invention, there will result a total of four suction openings for four different suction pressures.
  • each of the additional openings seen in the rotational direction of the rotor, is to communicate with a cell space having a pressure higher than that obtaining at the next-preceding additional suction opening.
  • another space or vessel 15 to be evacuated having a somewhat higher pressure than the space or vessel 10 can be connected to the suction duct 7.
  • the illustrated embodiment shows a shutoff valve 14 which in conjunction with the valve 18 affords the justmentioned selective operation, although if desired another shutoff valve may be provided in the branch conduit which extends from vessel 10 to suction conduit 7 and contains the ejector l1.
  • a gas pump of the liquid-ring type for pumping a medium comprising a rotor having impeller vanes uniformly distributed over its periphery, a housing structure containing the rotor and forming around said rotor an annular racing space for a centrifugally formed ring of liquid having respective arcuately spaced localities where the liquid ring during pump operation enters the most and the least respectively into the intervane spaces of said rotor, said housing structure having a first suction opening and a pressure opening at said localities and having respective suction and pressure duct means communicating with said space through said two openings, said housing structure having at least one additional suction opening located between said first suction opening and said pressure opening, said additional suction opening having its leading end, relative to the direction of rotor rotation, spaced from the lagging end of said first suction opening an arcuate amount at least equal to a vane division of said rotor, and another suction duct communicating with said space through said additional suction opening, said medium drawn through said first and additional suction
  • a gas pump according to claim 2 comprising control means connected to said pump for supplying gas to said additional suction opening in sufficient quantity to ensure that the quantity of gas at said pressure opening remains substantially constant and independent of changes in induction pressure at said first suction opening.
  • a gas pump according to claim ll comprising control means connected into said other suction duct for controlling the amount of fluid passing through said duct.
  • control means being a throttle valve which can be manually adjusted to control the flow of gas through said other suction duct.
  • control means being a throttle valve which operates in response to pressure to control the flow of gas through said other suction duct.
  • a gas pump according to claim 1 comprising a precompressor connected to said other suction duct, said precompressor being operable with a fluid for evacuating a chamber evacuated via said suction duct means.
  • said precompressor being an ejector, said ejector having a suction space connected with said suction duct means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
US798274A 1968-03-15 1969-02-07 Gas pump of a liquid-ring type Expired - Lifetime US3575532A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681678604 DE1678604C (de) 1968-03-15 1968-03-15 Flüssigkeitsring Gaspumpe

Publications (1)

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US3575532A true US3575532A (en) 1971-04-20

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US798274A Expired - Lifetime US3575532A (en) 1968-03-15 1969-02-07 Gas pump of a liquid-ring type

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US (1) US3575532A (un)
FR (1) FR1600217A (un)
GB (1) GB1215421A (un)
SE (1) SE347551B (un)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973879A (en) * 1974-03-13 1976-08-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Liquid ring compressor
JPS5339491U (un) * 1976-09-10 1978-04-06
US4225288A (en) * 1974-06-24 1980-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pump set comprising a liquid ring vacuum pump preceeded by a compressor
US4315717A (en) * 1979-11-19 1982-02-16 The Nash Engineering Company Evacuation system with precondenser
US4385868A (en) * 1979-11-19 1983-05-31 Nash Engineering Company Systems for evacuating process fluids having condensable and incondensable components
US4484457A (en) * 1982-02-11 1984-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Liquid-ring vacuum pump preceded by a precompressor
US4505645A (en) * 1981-02-13 1985-03-19 Laguilharre Pierre R Process and installation for rapidly creating a high vacuum using a single stage liquid ring pump
US20120219443A1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2012-08-30 Adixen Vacuum Products Method And Device For Pumping With Reduced Power Use
CN104295519A (zh) * 2014-10-17 2015-01-21 陕西科技大学 一种控制装置、水环真空泵及其控制方法
US20160201672A1 (en) * 2015-01-08 2016-07-14 Gardner Denver Nash Llc Low pressure sealing liquid entry area in a compressor type liquid ring pump
WO2016130831A1 (en) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Gardner Denver Nash Llc A liquid ring pump port member having anti-cavitation constructions
US20170067488A1 (en) * 2014-04-08 2017-03-09 Vmeca Co., Ltd Vacuum pump
CN108825501A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-11-16 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 一种煤矿用可移动式水环真空泵在线自动除垢装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514428A2 (fr) * 1981-02-13 1983-04-15 Laguilharre Pierre Installation pour la realisation d'un vide, a debit variable

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3006533A (en) * 1958-11-07 1961-10-31 Nash Engineering Co Compressor
DE1139232B (de) * 1960-01-29 1962-11-08 Siemens Ag Zweistufige Fluessigkeitsringgaspumpe mit drei Arbeitsraeumen
US3228587A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-01-11 Siemen & Hinsch Gmbh Liquid-ring gas pumps
US3239131A (en) * 1963-03-18 1966-03-08 Nash Engineering Co High vacuum ejector pump with automatic cut-in valve
US3315879A (en) * 1966-04-22 1967-04-25 Irving C Jennings Evacuation system
US3481529A (en) * 1966-05-12 1969-12-02 Siemens Ag Method and apparatus for pumping with a liquid-ring in series with a jet ejector

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3006533A (en) * 1958-11-07 1961-10-31 Nash Engineering Co Compressor
DE1139232B (de) * 1960-01-29 1962-11-08 Siemens Ag Zweistufige Fluessigkeitsringgaspumpe mit drei Arbeitsraeumen
US3228587A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-01-11 Siemen & Hinsch Gmbh Liquid-ring gas pumps
US3239131A (en) * 1963-03-18 1966-03-08 Nash Engineering Co High vacuum ejector pump with automatic cut-in valve
US3315879A (en) * 1966-04-22 1967-04-25 Irving C Jennings Evacuation system
US3481529A (en) * 1966-05-12 1969-12-02 Siemens Ag Method and apparatus for pumping with a liquid-ring in series with a jet ejector

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973879A (en) * 1974-03-13 1976-08-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Liquid ring compressor
US4225288A (en) * 1974-06-24 1980-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pump set comprising a liquid ring vacuum pump preceeded by a compressor
JPS5339491U (un) * 1976-09-10 1978-04-06
JPS572717Y2 (un) * 1976-09-10 1982-01-18
US4315717A (en) * 1979-11-19 1982-02-16 The Nash Engineering Company Evacuation system with precondenser
US4385868A (en) * 1979-11-19 1983-05-31 Nash Engineering Company Systems for evacuating process fluids having condensable and incondensable components
US4505645A (en) * 1981-02-13 1985-03-19 Laguilharre Pierre R Process and installation for rapidly creating a high vacuum using a single stage liquid ring pump
US4484457A (en) * 1982-02-11 1984-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Liquid-ring vacuum pump preceded by a precompressor
US9175688B2 (en) * 2009-11-18 2015-11-03 Adixen Vacuum Products Vacuum pumping system having an ejector and check valve
US20120219443A1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2012-08-30 Adixen Vacuum Products Method And Device For Pumping With Reduced Power Use
US20170067488A1 (en) * 2014-04-08 2017-03-09 Vmeca Co., Ltd Vacuum pump
US10371174B2 (en) * 2014-04-08 2019-08-06 Vmeca Co., Ltd Vacuum pump
CN104295519A (zh) * 2014-10-17 2015-01-21 陕西科技大学 一种控制装置、水环真空泵及其控制方法
US20160201672A1 (en) * 2015-01-08 2016-07-14 Gardner Denver Nash Llc Low pressure sealing liquid entry area in a compressor type liquid ring pump
US11512700B2 (en) * 2015-01-08 2022-11-29 Gardner Denver Nash Llc Low pressure sealing liquid entry area in a compressor type liquid ring pump
WO2016130831A1 (en) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Gardner Denver Nash Llc A liquid ring pump port member having anti-cavitation constructions
CN107532596A (zh) * 2015-02-12 2018-01-02 佶缔纳士机械有限公司 具有防气蚀结构的液环泵端口构件
US10100834B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2018-10-16 Gardner Denver Nash Llc Liquid ring pump port member having anti-cavitation constructions
CN107532596B (zh) * 2015-02-12 2019-09-06 佶缔纳士机械有限公司 具有防气蚀结构的液环泵端口构件
AU2016219196B2 (en) * 2015-02-12 2019-10-31 Gardner Denver Nash Llc A liquid ring pump port member having anti-cavitation constructions
CN108825501A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-11-16 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 一种煤矿用可移动式水环真空泵在线自动除垢装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE347551B (un) 1972-08-07
GB1215421A (en) 1970-12-09
FR1600217A (un) 1970-07-20

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