US3567839A - Percussive electronic musical instrument with output level controlled by intensity of key depression - Google Patents
Percussive electronic musical instrument with output level controlled by intensity of key depression Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3567839A US3567839A US759532A US3567839DA US3567839A US 3567839 A US3567839 A US 3567839A US 759532 A US759532 A US 759532A US 3567839D A US3567839D A US 3567839DA US 3567839 A US3567839 A US 3567839A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- diode
- capacitor
- voltage
- resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
- G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
- G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
- G10H1/055—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements
- G10H1/0555—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements using magnetic or electromagnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
- G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
- G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
- G10H1/057—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by envelope-forming circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, in which oscillations produced by tone generators are supplied to a member which transmits these oscillations only if upon actuation of a key a voltage derived from a capacitor is impressed on it, the value of the voltage depending upon the intensity of the actuation which voltage then decreases again to zero through a discharge circuit.
- the transition between the two discharge characteristics is not sufficiently smooth and becomes manifest in a disturbing manner.
- this disadvantage is obviated by choosing the starting time constant of the discharge circuit to lie between 0.1 and 0.2 seconds and to have increased after half a second to two to four times the original value, the output voltage having decreased to 0.1 to 0.3 times the original value with the strongest key actuation.
- the capacitor comprises the series-combination of two capacitors one of which is shunted by a resistor which is chosen so low that this capacitor has been discharged for the major part at the beginning of each repeated actuation
- the other capacitor is shunted by an element the resistance of which increases with decreasing voltage.
- Such an element may be constituted, for example, by a voltage-dependent resistor, a rectifier which may include a series resistor, etc.
- this capacitor is shunted by an element the resistance of which increases with decreasing voltage.
- this disadvantage can be obviated in another embodiment of a musical instrument according to the invention, in which the capacitor is charged through a rectifier element by a coil in which upon actuation of a key a voltage is produced by means of a magnet connected to said key, which capacitor is also charged through the series-combination of a rectifier element and a resistor.
- the coil can be proportioned so that with the weakest actuation after a strong actuation the voltage is sufficiently high to recharge the capacitor so that the repetitions become audible.
- the two coils are connected in series and are provided on the same magnetic circuit.
- the resistor connected in series with the rectifier element has a value of approximately five times the critical damping of the circuit comprising the inductance of the coil, the charging capacitor and the resistor itself. This results in a more or less linear relation between the intensity of actuation and the capacitor voltage.
- FIG. 1a shows a known circuit arrangement having a subdivided capacitor
- FIG. 1b shows the output voltage of this circuit arrangement as a function of time
- FIG. 2a shows such a circuit arrangement dependent elements
- FIG. 2b shows the output voltage of this circuit arrangement as a function of time
- FIG. 3 illustrates a circuit arrangement having one capacitor
- FIG. 4a shows a circuit arrangement having one capacitor having voltageand two charging circuits
- FIG. 4b shows for this circuit arrangement the relation between the actuation intensity and the capacitor voltage.
- FIG. 1a shows the knowncircuit arrangement in which the charging capacitor is subdivided intotwo parts and comprises the series-combination of capacitors C, and C,.
- these capacitors are charged through rectifiers D, and 0,, respectively, by a voltage induced in the coils S, and S respectively, by means of magnets M, and M coupled with the same key.
- the capacitor C is shunted by a resistor R which has a value such that the time constant r inclusive of the load resistance R is small with respect to the time constant 1, of the whole circuit arrangement.
- the voltage of the series-combination of the capacitors C, and C must have been halved within the shortest possible repetition time and must then decrease comparatively slowly so that the capacitor C has been substantially completely discharged within the repetition time.
- FIG. lb This is illustrated in FIG. lb in which the voltage is plotted as a function of time.
- the transition between the two rates of discharge is comparatively abrupt and becomes manifest in a disturbing manner.
- This disadvantage is obviated in the circuit arrangement of FIG. 2a by connecting a voltage-dependent resistance element comprising the series-combination of a diode D and a resistor R, in parallel with the capacitor C,.
- the starting time constant of the discharge circuit is again substantially equal to T and lies between 0.] and 0.2 seconds. After this period of time, C has been substantially completely discharged and V, continues to decrease due to the discharge of C, through the diode D and the resistor R,.
- the time constant thereof is mainly determined by the capacitance of C, and the value of resistor R,, i.e. as long as the voltage across the diode D exceeds the knee voltage. Subsequently, the diode is'slowly cut off and the resistance and hence the time constant r gradually increases until the series resistance of the diode D and the resistor R, approach the value infinite.
- the resistor R, and the diode D are proportioned so that after half a second the output voltage has decreased to 0.1 to 0.3 times the initial value with the strongest actuation.
- the time constant is again equal to 1-, of FIG. 1 which is determined by the value of the load resistor R and the capacitance of capacitor C,.
- the series-combination of the diode D and the resistor R may be replaced by an arbitrary element the resistance of which increases with decreasing voltage, such as, for example, a voltage-dependent resistor.
- F IG. 3 shows the circuit arrangement of FIG. 2, in which, however, the charging circuit comprising the coil S the diode 0,, the capacitor C and the resistor R, has been omitted, while the values of capacitor C, and resistor R, are chosen to be slightly different.
- the circuit arrangement of FIG. 4a provides a solution in which the saving of components can be partly retained and which consists in that S, is connected in series with a second coil S, in which, when the associated key is actuated, also a voltage is produced by a magnet connected to said key, which voltage also charges the capacitor C, through a series resistor R', and a rectifier element 0,.
- R it has been found that it is desirable for R to be chosen so that the maximum value of the current i is of the order of a quarter of that of the current i
- the ratio of the voltage e to the voltage e is preferably chosen to be equal to 2 so that a weak repetition immediately after a strong actuation can become fully effective.
- Aunit in a key operated musical instrument for providing a controlling voltage to a tone generator comprising a coil, key operated magnet means for providing a magnetic field cutting the coil at a manually controlled rate, whereby a voltage having a manually controlled magnitude is generated in the coil, a capacitor, a diode, means for connecting the capacitor across the coil through the diode, whereby the capacitor is charged in proportion to the voltage generated in the coil, a voltage-controlled resistance element connected across the capacitor and having a gradually increasing resistance in response to decreasing voltage across the element, and means for connecting the resistance element to the tone generator.
- a unit in a key operated musical instrument for providing a controlling voltage to a tone generator comprising a first coil, a first key operated magnet means for providing a magnetic field cutting the coil at a manually controlled rate, a second coil, a second key operated magnet means mechanically connected to the first magnet means for providing an additional magnetic means cutting the second coil at a manually controlled rate, whereby a manually controlled voltage is simultaneously generated in both the first and the second coils, a first diode, a first ca acitor, means for connecting the first capacitor across the irst C011 through the first dlode,
- Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 further comprising a resistor connected in series with the second diode and the second coil and having a value approximately equal to five times the resistance necessary for the critical damping of a circuit comprising the first capacitor and an inductance equal to the sum of the inductance of the first and second coils.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL6712682.A NL160960C (nl) | 1967-09-15 | 1967-09-15 | Elektronisch muziekinstrument met percussie. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3567839A true US3567839A (en) | 1971-03-02 |
Family
ID=19801222
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US759532A Expired - Lifetime US3567839A (en) | 1967-09-15 | 1968-09-12 | Percussive electronic musical instrument with output level controlled by intensity of key depression |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3567839A (nl) |
AT (1) | AT296733B (nl) |
BE (1) | BE720879A (nl) |
CH (1) | CH494443A (nl) |
DE (1) | DE1797161C3 (nl) |
ES (1) | ES357958A1 (nl) |
FR (1) | FR1580690A (nl) |
GB (1) | GB1203162A (nl) |
IE (1) | IE32331B1 (nl) |
NL (1) | NL160960C (nl) |
SE (1) | SE361963B (nl) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3634594A (en) * | 1969-08-05 | 1972-01-11 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Touch-responsive tone envelope control circuit for electronic musical instruments |
US3651730A (en) * | 1969-09-10 | 1972-03-28 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Sound level control device in electronic musical instrument employing touch responsive keying means |
US3652774A (en) * | 1969-10-16 | 1972-03-28 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Keying system for electronic musical instruments |
US3657463A (en) * | 1969-11-18 | 1972-04-18 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Keyer control circuit for electronic musical instruments |
US3663735A (en) * | 1970-06-01 | 1972-05-16 | Columbia Broadcasting Systems | Automatic on-off control |
US3705254A (en) * | 1970-04-10 | 1972-12-05 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Key operating device for an electronic musical instrument |
US20160336869A1 (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-11-17 | Fu-Tzu HSU | Magnetoelectric device capable of damping power amplification |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2017798C2 (de) * | 1970-04-14 | 1982-08-19 | Nippon Gakki Seizo K.K., Hamamatsu, Shizuoka | Tastvorrichtung für elektronische Musikinstrumente |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2486208A (en) * | 1947-08-23 | 1949-10-25 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electronic musical instrument |
GB1162449A (en) * | 1967-04-08 | 1969-08-27 | Philips Electronic Associated | Circuit Arrangements for Imitating the Touch of Percussive Musical Instruments. |
GB1164422A (en) * | 1967-04-08 | 1969-09-17 | Philips Electronic Associated | Circuit Arrangements for Imitating the Touch of Percussive Musical Instruments |
-
1967
- 1967-09-15 NL NL6712682.A patent/NL160960C/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1968
- 1968-08-23 DE DE1797161A patent/DE1797161C3/de not_active Expired
- 1968-09-09 ES ES357958A patent/ES357958A1/es not_active Expired
- 1968-09-12 SE SE12311/68A patent/SE361963B/xx unknown
- 1968-09-12 AT AT888968A patent/AT296733B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-09-12 US US759532A patent/US3567839A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-09-12 CH CH1363368A patent/CH494443A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-09-12 GB GB43403/68A patent/GB1203162A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-09-12 IE IE1103/68A patent/IE32331B1/xx unknown
- 1968-09-13 FR FR1580690D patent/FR1580690A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-09-13 BE BE720879D patent/BE720879A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2486208A (en) * | 1947-08-23 | 1949-10-25 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electronic musical instrument |
GB1162449A (en) * | 1967-04-08 | 1969-08-27 | Philips Electronic Associated | Circuit Arrangements for Imitating the Touch of Percussive Musical Instruments. |
GB1164422A (en) * | 1967-04-08 | 1969-09-17 | Philips Electronic Associated | Circuit Arrangements for Imitating the Touch of Percussive Musical Instruments |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3634594A (en) * | 1969-08-05 | 1972-01-11 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Touch-responsive tone envelope control circuit for electronic musical instruments |
US3651730A (en) * | 1969-09-10 | 1972-03-28 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Sound level control device in electronic musical instrument employing touch responsive keying means |
US3652774A (en) * | 1969-10-16 | 1972-03-28 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Keying system for electronic musical instruments |
US3657463A (en) * | 1969-11-18 | 1972-04-18 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Keyer control circuit for electronic musical instruments |
US3705254A (en) * | 1970-04-10 | 1972-12-05 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Key operating device for an electronic musical instrument |
US3663735A (en) * | 1970-06-01 | 1972-05-16 | Columbia Broadcasting Systems | Automatic on-off control |
US20160336869A1 (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-11-17 | Fu-Tzu HSU | Magnetoelectric device capable of damping power amplification |
US9712074B2 (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-07-18 | Fu-Tzu HSU | Magnetoelectric device capable of damping power amplification |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE361963B (nl) | 1973-11-19 |
IE32331B1 (en) | 1973-06-27 |
IE32331L (en) | 1969-03-15 |
ES357958A1 (es) | 1970-04-01 |
CH494443A (de) | 1970-07-31 |
GB1203162A (en) | 1970-08-26 |
BE720879A (nl) | 1969-03-13 |
DE1797161C3 (de) | 1980-01-24 |
DE1797161A1 (de) | 1971-07-29 |
NL6712682A (nl) | 1969-03-18 |
NL160960C (nl) | 1979-12-17 |
DE1797161B2 (de) | 1976-03-11 |
NL160960B (nl) | 1979-07-16 |
AT296733B (de) | 1972-02-25 |
FR1580690A (nl) | 1969-09-05 |
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