US3560108A - Safety device for variable pitch propellers - Google Patents

Safety device for variable pitch propellers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3560108A
US3560108A US779838A US3560108DA US3560108A US 3560108 A US3560108 A US 3560108A US 779838 A US779838 A US 779838A US 3560108D A US3560108D A US 3560108DA US 3560108 A US3560108 A US 3560108A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pitch
propeller
piston
motor
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US779838A
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English (en)
Inventor
Carl-Axel Lindahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KARISTADS MEKANISKA WERKSTAD A
KARISTADS MEKANISKA WERKSTAD AB
Original Assignee
KARISTADS MEKANISKA WERKSTAD A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by KARISTADS MEKANISKA WERKSTAD A filed Critical KARISTADS MEKANISKA WERKSTAD A
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Publication of US3560108A publication Critical patent/US3560108A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B63H3/081—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft
    • B63H3/082—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B63H2003/088—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid characterised by supply of fluid actuating medium to control element, e.g. of hydraulic fluid to actuator co-rotating with the propeller

Definitions

  • a safety device for variable pitch marine propellers comprises, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a hub, propeller blades rotatably mounted in the hub for adjustment of their pitch, and a fluid motor located in the hub to effect such adjustment.
  • a second fluid motor is normally inoperative, but, upon failure of the first motor, operates, independent of the first motor, to change the propeller pitch to one providing forward movement of the ship, regardless of the pitch then established by the main pitch-control system.
  • the mechanisms used to vary the pitch of marine propellers generally include a fluid motor.
  • the working fluid is supplied from a pump that is driven by an electric motor, or by a transmission connected to the propeller shaft, or by the engine of the ship.
  • the piston of the motor is arranged to adjust the pitch of the propeller blades as it slides along the cylinder.
  • the piston of a fluid motor is located in a part of the propeller shaft that is relatively accessible from the inside of the ship and which is connected to a pitch setting mechanism located in the hub by a rod slidably mounted in the shaft.
  • the rod must be very strong to transmit the forces necessary to adjust the propeller while it is under load, that is, rotating. Also, if the propeller shaft should become bent as a result of an accident, the rod will be stuck so that the blades cannot be adjusted.
  • Another proposal is to provide springs in the propeller hub and acting on the fluid motor piston in a manner to shift the blades to their ahead pitch. This expedient does not work unless the propeller is stopped and not under load, which may take too long a time to be useful in an emergency situation.
  • the main pitch-changing equipment includes a fluid motor mounted in a cylinder carried in the hub of the propeller or in a part of the propeller shaft adjacent the hub and having a piston rod or other means which is connected to pivotable propeller blades to vary their pitch.
  • a second, auxiliary fluid motor which is coupled by a pulling rod to the main fluid motor.
  • the auxiliary motor is inactive, but upon failure of the main motor, it can be activated to move the piston of the main motor to the ahead pitch position.
  • the auxiliary motor is preferably connected to a backup fluid-pressure supply so that upon failure of the main fluid-pressure supply, the safety, backup motor can be operated.
  • One advantage of the invention is that the pulling rod associated with the auxiliary motor need not be as rigid as the rod in the previously proposed construction referred to above, since the force transmitted to the propeller blades by the pulling rod involves pulling, i.e., tension, only.
  • the rod may, therefore, have a relatively small cross-sectional area since it is not subjected to compression (buckling) loads; indeed, one of the supply pipes serving the main fluid motor may be used as the connecting or pulling rod in the mechanism of the invention.
  • forward and aft refer to the location of the propeller mechanism on a ship.
  • the propeller is usually mounted aft of the ship, and so, in the drawing, the forward part of the propeller equipment is shown at the right and the aft part at the left.
  • a propeller mechanism shown generally at 1, includes blades 3 journalled in a hub 5 carried by a shaft 15 which is connected to the engine of the ship. Inside the hub 5, there is a fluid motor 7 for adjusting the pitch of the blades and which comprises a cylinder 9 and a piston 11. The piston 11 is mechanically coupled, in the usual way, to crankpins 13 carried by the blades 3 so as to transmit the adjusting force to it.
  • the main fluid system that is, the one operating the motor 7, includes a conduit 35 that extends along a bore 17 in the shaft 15 and through the piston 11 so as to provide a fluid passage to the aft side of the cylinder.
  • the conduit 35 At its forward end, the conduit 35 carries an end piece 37 with a transverse pin 39 fixedly secured to and extending from its outer periphery. The purpose of the pin 39 will be fully explained hereinafter.
  • a second hydraulic cylinder 23 At the forward end of the propeller shaft 15, there is a second hydraulic cylinder 23, in which a second piston 25 with a sleeve-shaped piston rod 27 is axially movable, so as to provide an emergency fluid motor 33.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 23 is provided with a non-return valve 29 and a safety valve 31, the purposes of which will be fully explained hereinafter.
  • a pair of slots 41 At the aft end of the sleeve there is provided a pair of slots 41 and since the former overlaps and slidably receives the conduit 35, the pin 39 projects through the slots 41 and forms a force transmitting mechanism between the emergency motor 33 and the main motor 7.
  • the motor 7 communicates with a non-rotating oil distribution box 43 which is carried in bearings on the propeller shaft 15.
  • Ringshaped seals 49 located between the distribution box 43 and the shaft 15, provide two ring-shaped chambers 45 and 47.
  • Radial hole 19 in the propeller shaft 15 communicates with chamber 45 and radial hole 21 communicates with chamber 47.
  • seal 55 carried between the pipe 35 and the surface of the bore 17; and a corresponding ring-shaped seal 57 is provided between the pipe 35 and the surface of the bore 17 at a point forward the hole 21.
  • the seals 55 and 57 allow axial movements of the pipe 35 in the bore.
  • the motor 7 is arranged so that the blades 3 can be adjusted to various pitches for movement ahead or astern at various speeds.
  • the blades 3 can be set to zero pitch. Every pitch setting of the blades 3 corresponds to a certain position of the piston 11 in the cylinder 9 and in this embodiment, adjustment of the blades 3 to maximum pitch for running ahead corresponds to the forward end position of the piston 11 in the cylinder 9, and the adjustment of the blades 3 to maximum pitch for running astern corresponds to its aft end position.
  • the piston of the emergency motor 33 rests in its aft end position in the hydraulic cylinder 23 and does not affect the operation of the propeller mechanism.
  • the pitch setting of the blades 3 by means of the main control system is effected as follows: when the blades 3 are to be turned to a forward or increased pitch, working fluid is conducted from the pressure oil pump through a regulating valve and the piping 53 to the forward ringshaped chamber 47 of the distribution box 43. From this chamber, fluid flows through the radial hole 21 in the shaft 15 to the axial bore 17 and through the opening 59 and the pipe to the aft side of the piston 11 in the cylinder 9. At the same time, fluid is discharged from the cylinder space forward of the piston 11, through the space between the outside of the pipe 35 and the surface of the bore 17, through the radial hole 19 to the aft ring-shaped chamber of the distribution box 43.
  • the fluid is conducted through the piping 51 over the regulating valve to an oil tank.
  • the fluid flow is controlled b y the regulating valve, which is operated by a suitable control device.
  • the regulating valve closes both the fluid supply to and the discharge from the cylinder 9 so that the propeller blades 3 will be locked in position.
  • the piston 11 When the blades 3 are to be set to a reverse or reduced pitch, the piston 11 has to be moved aft. To do this, the regulating valve conveys fluid from the pump to the forward side of the piston 11 and discharges fluid from the aft side of the piston 11. The direction of the fluid flow in the main system is then reversed, compared to the direction of the fluid flow when the piston 11 has to be moved forward.
  • the pipe 35 moves axially in the bore 17 of the propeller shaft 15 and the' end piece 37 moves axially in the sleeved-shaped piston rod 27.
  • the piston 25 is placed in its aft end position in the cylinder 23-as it should be when the safety vice will be used in the following way: the propeller will be stopped and, by means of the regulating valve, fluid will be drained from the system.
  • the non-return valve 29 will be connected to an emergency source of pressure, for example, a hand operated or pneumatic pump, and fluid will be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder 23 moving the piston 25 with its piston rod 27 forward.
  • the end piece 37 When the aft end of the slot 41 reaches the pin 39, the end piece 37 is moved forward and the pipe 35 will be subjected to a pull, causing the piston 11 to move forward turning the propeller blades 3 to a position for running ahead.
  • the emergency source of pressure is disconnected from the non-return valve 29 and the ships engine started.
  • the safety valve 31 limits the power of the emergency motor 33 so that the tensile stress in the pipe 35 will not become too big. If a rapid changeover is desired, the emergency motor can be connected to the emergency pump when it is installed and the stoppage time will be drastically reduced.
  • the emergency pump should be driven by compressed air.
  • the present invention can also be used in propeller systems of somewhat different design than that described above, for example, systems where the blades are adjusted by a motor comprising one cylinder with two pis tons, or to systems in which the blades are adjusted by means of several cooperating motors.
  • a pulling rod should be connected to at least one of the pistons in such a way that when being moved forward, the blades are adjusted for running ahead.
  • a safety device for variable pitch marine propellers comprising propeller blades pivoted in a propeller hub, means including a hydraulic piston servomotor constituting part of a hydraulic main control system and located in the propeller hub for pivoting the blades to adjust their pitch, the hydraulic piston servomotor including a main piston movable to adjust the pitch of the propeller blades to positions for movement of the ship ahead when the piston is moved forward, and an emergency servomotor including a pulling rod mechanically connected to the main piston and axially movable in an axial bore in the propeller shaft, an emergency piston member separate from the pulling rod, and a lost motion coupling between the piston member and the pulling rod, which coupling is arranged to be operable in a first position of the piston member to allow relative movement between the piston member and the pulling rod and in a second position of the piston member to exert tension on the pulling rod effective to move the propeller blades to a forward pitch position.
  • a safety device according to claim 1 wherein the pulling rod is a pipe for conveyance of hydraulic pressure medium to, or from, the piston servomotor of the hydraulic main control system for adjustment of the propeller blades.
  • a safety device according to claim 1 wherein the emergency servomotor includes a hydraulic cylinder located in the propeller shaft, wherein the emergency piston member is axially movable in the hydraulic cylinder, and wherein the lost motion coupling includes a sleeve-shaped piston rod having at least one longitudinal slot intermediate the ends thereof, and a carrier key which protrudes radially through said slot.
  • a safety device according to claim 3 wherein the hydraulic cylinder includes a safety valve thereby to limit tensile stress in the pulling rod by setting a maximum hydraulic pressure in the emergency servomotor hydraulic cylinder.
  • a safety device wherein the cylinder of the emergency servomotor is connected to a pressure pump and an oil tank, both of which are stationarily assembled on the propeller shaft for rotation therewith.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
US779838A 1967-11-28 1968-11-29 Safety device for variable pitch propellers Expired - Lifetime US3560108A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE16288/67A SE306891B (it) 1967-11-28 1967-11-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3560108A true US3560108A (en) 1971-02-02

Family

ID=20302005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US779838A Expired - Lifetime US3560108A (en) 1967-11-28 1968-11-29 Safety device for variable pitch propellers

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3560108A (it)
JP (1) JPS5019837B1 (it)
CH (1) CH487015A (it)
DE (1) DE1810492C3 (it)
DK (1) DK136764B (it)
ES (1) ES360559A1 (it)
FI (1) FI44532B (it)
FR (1) FR1593470A (it)
GB (1) GB1248062A (it)
NL (1) NL157854B (it)
NO (1) NO124634B (it)
SE (1) SE306891B (it)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2478215A1 (fr) * 1980-03-17 1981-09-18 United Technologies Corp Systeme de reglage du pas des pales de turbines eoliennes
US4893989A (en) * 1989-03-07 1990-01-16 United Technologies Corporation Variable propeller system incorporating a forward transfer bearing
ES2120838A1 (es) * 1995-01-19 1998-11-01 Francisco Coteruelo Victor De Sistema propulsor para barcos con eje motriz macizo.
US6113351A (en) * 1998-07-15 2000-09-05 Flexxaire Manufacturing Inc. Variable pitch fan
US6439850B1 (en) 1998-07-15 2002-08-27 Flexxaire Manufacturing Inc. Variable pitch fan
US20060029496A1 (en) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-09 Carvalho Paul A Propeller actuation system
US7229250B2 (en) 2003-10-20 2007-06-12 Flexxaire Manufacturing Inc. Control system for variable pitch fan
US20100021295A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-28 Perkinson Robert H Controllable pitch propeller with electrical power generation
WO2010033060A1 (en) * 2008-09-22 2010-03-25 Berg Propulsion Technology Ab An adjustable propeller arrangement and a method of distributing fluid to and/or from such an adjustable propeller arrangement.
US8465257B1 (en) 2008-10-31 2013-06-18 Brp Us Inc. Variable pitch propeller
CN104229110A (zh) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-24 曼柴油机涡轮机欧洲股份公司曼柴油机涡轮机德国分公司 船舶推进系统
CN107600378A (zh) * 2017-07-28 2018-01-19 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种用于调距桨的螺距测量装置
CN109292066A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-02-01 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 机械式的应急调距装置
WO2023217561A1 (de) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-16 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Verstellpropelleranordnung
US12060812B1 (en) * 2023-03-16 2024-08-13 General Electric Company Turbo engine having blade pitch actuation system for variable pitch fan

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1384383A (en) * 1971-08-26 1975-02-19 Lips Nv Variable pitch propeller with emergency control
JPS59133428U (ja) * 1982-11-01 1984-09-06 凸版段ボ−ル株式会社 把手付紙箱
JPS6090124U (ja) * 1983-11-29 1985-06-20 凸版印刷株式会社 手提げ付紙箱
DE3417853C2 (de) * 1984-05-14 1993-11-04 Blohm Voss Ag Vorrichtung zum verstellen der fluegelsteigung eines schiffspropellers

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB828942A (en) * 1957-04-18 1960-02-24 Ernest Charles Hatcher Improvements relating to propellers or the like having variable-pitch blades
GB860080A (en) * 1958-10-28 1961-02-01 Norman Sinclair Mcnab Mechanism for adjusting variable-pitch blades of propellers or the like

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2478215A1 (fr) * 1980-03-17 1981-09-18 United Technologies Corp Systeme de reglage du pas des pales de turbines eoliennes
US4352634A (en) * 1980-03-17 1982-10-05 United Technologies Corporation Wind turbine blade pitch control system
US4893989A (en) * 1989-03-07 1990-01-16 United Technologies Corporation Variable propeller system incorporating a forward transfer bearing
ES2120838A1 (es) * 1995-01-19 1998-11-01 Francisco Coteruelo Victor De Sistema propulsor para barcos con eje motriz macizo.
US6113351A (en) * 1998-07-15 2000-09-05 Flexxaire Manufacturing Inc. Variable pitch fan
US6439850B1 (en) 1998-07-15 2002-08-27 Flexxaire Manufacturing Inc. Variable pitch fan
US6644922B2 (en) 1998-07-15 2003-11-11 Flexxaire Manufacturing Inc. Variable pitch fan
US7229250B2 (en) 2003-10-20 2007-06-12 Flexxaire Manufacturing Inc. Control system for variable pitch fan
US20060029496A1 (en) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-09 Carvalho Paul A Propeller actuation system
US7172391B2 (en) * 2004-08-03 2007-02-06 Hamilton Sundstrand Propeller actuation system
US20100021295A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-28 Perkinson Robert H Controllable pitch propeller with electrical power generation
US8162611B2 (en) 2008-07-15 2012-04-24 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Controllable pitch propeller with electrical power generation
US20110189909A1 (en) * 2008-09-22 2011-08-04 Berg Propulsion Technology Ab Adjustable propeller arrangement and a method of distributing fluid to and/or from such an adjustable propeller arrangement
CN102224069A (zh) * 2008-09-22 2011-10-19 伯格推进技术公司 可调螺距螺旋桨装置以及分配流体到这种可调螺距螺旋桨装置和/或从这种可调螺距螺旋桨装置分配流体的方法
WO2010033060A1 (en) * 2008-09-22 2010-03-25 Berg Propulsion Technology Ab An adjustable propeller arrangement and a method of distributing fluid to and/or from such an adjustable propeller arrangement.
CN102224069B (zh) * 2008-09-22 2014-06-25 伯格推进技术公司 可调螺距螺旋桨装置以及分配流体到这种可调螺距螺旋桨装置和/或从这种可调螺距螺旋桨装置分配流体的方法
KR101525647B1 (ko) * 2008-09-22 2015-06-03 캐터필라 프로펄션 테크놀로지 에이비 조정 가능 프로펠러 장치 및 그와 같은 조정 가능 프로펠러 장치로/로부터 유체를 분배하는 방법
US8465257B1 (en) 2008-10-31 2013-06-18 Brp Us Inc. Variable pitch propeller
CN104229110A (zh) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-24 曼柴油机涡轮机欧洲股份公司曼柴油机涡轮机德国分公司 船舶推进系统
EP2813421A3 (en) * 2013-06-06 2016-03-23 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Ship propulsion system
CN107600378A (zh) * 2017-07-28 2018-01-19 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种用于调距桨的螺距测量装置
CN107600378B (zh) * 2017-07-28 2019-09-20 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种用于调距桨的螺距测量装置
CN109292066A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-02-01 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 机械式的应急调距装置
WO2023217561A1 (de) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-16 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Verstellpropelleranordnung
US12060812B1 (en) * 2023-03-16 2024-08-13 General Electric Company Turbo engine having blade pitch actuation system for variable pitch fan

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1593470A (it) 1970-05-25
DE1810492A1 (de) 1969-08-07
NO124634B (it) 1972-05-15
DK136764C (it) 1978-05-08
SE306891B (it) 1968-12-09
NL157854B (nl) 1978-09-15
DK136764B (da) 1977-11-21
CH487015A (de) 1970-03-15
GB1248062A (en) 1971-09-29
DE1810492B2 (de) 1979-09-13
DE1810492C3 (de) 1980-05-22
NL6816597A (it) 1969-05-30
FI44532B (it) 1971-08-02
JPS5019837B1 (it) 1975-07-10
ES360559A1 (es) 1970-09-16

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