US3559632A - Process and device for cleaving laminated materials - Google Patents

Process and device for cleaving laminated materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3559632A
US3559632A US707552A US3559632DA US3559632A US 3559632 A US3559632 A US 3559632A US 707552 A US707552 A US 707552A US 3559632D A US3559632D A US 3559632DA US 3559632 A US3559632 A US 3559632A
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United States
Prior art keywords
slab
cleavage plane
forces
plate
plane
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Expired - Lifetime
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US707552A
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English (en)
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Bernard Viemon
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/32—Methods and apparatus specially adapted for working materials which can easily be split, e.g. mica, slate, schist
    • B28D1/322—Splitting of the working materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process of and a device for cleaving laminated materials such as slates.
  • the invention consists of a process for cleaving laminated materials, for example slates, which comprises breaking the internal cohesive forces of a plate of said material along a predetermined plane of cleavage by applying to each of the opposite surfaces of the plate the action of a uniform field of elementary forces possessing a resultant substantially at right angles to and directed away from the plane of cleavage.
  • the invention provides a device for cleaving laminated materials, for example slates, comprising a base to support in a vertical position a plate of said material to be split into sheets along a predetermined plane of cleavage, gripper elements supported for movement towards and away from each other along a common axis at right angles to the plane of cleavage, and actuating means operable to effect said movements of the gripper elements whereby on engagement of the gripper elements with the opposite surfaces of the plate and movement thereof away from each other the gripper elements each apply to one of said surfaces a uniform field of elementary forces possessing a resultant along said axis in a direction away from said plane thereby to break the internal cohesive forces of the plate along said plane.
  • FIG. I is a diagrammatic perspective view of a plate of laminated material trimmed to correspond to a reference trihedron
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the plate of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows the cleavage line of the plate of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 is an elevation of a device according to the invention for splitting plates; and a FIG. 5 to 7 illustrate the mode of operation of the device of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. I shows a plate P of laminated material related to a reference trihedron O-X-Y-Z in which the plane X-O-Y is parallel to the cleavage planes of the material, the axis O-Z being at right angles to these planes, and in particular to the two outer surfaces 51 and S2 of the plate.
  • the amplitude of these resultants is chosen in such manner as to counteract and cancel the cohesive forces holding the sheets of material joined to each other, partially in the chosen cleavage plane.
  • a splitting trigger A, FIGS. 1 to 3, is preferably made in the section of the material, in the chosen cleavage plane.
  • the break may be assisted by the application of external twisting forces T1, T2 on the faces S1, S2, FIG. 2, this twist being exerted simultaneously with the application of the forces Afl and Af2.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a device for carrying the process into effect.
  • This device comprises a metal frame 10, comprising a base 12 arranged to support a plate P which is to be split, the plate P being disposed to be vertical on the base 12.
  • two gripper elements in this case being two suction cups 14, each jointedly secured to the extremity of the rod 15 of a ram whose barrel [6 is secured to the frame 10.
  • the rods 15 are axially aligned one with the other at right angles to the plane of the plate P.
  • Each suction cup 14, FIG. 5, consists of a plate 18 whose outline substantially matches that of a plate P which is to be split, and which possesses a peripheral flange 19 in which is located a sealing joint or packing 20 made of flexible material.
  • the axial length of the packing 20 is greater than that of the flange.
  • the flange and joint of each suction cup face towards the plate P.
  • the plate 18 comprises an opening surrounded by an end piece which is connected by a flexible pipe 22 to a source of negative pressure, not shown.
  • the two suction cups 14 When a plate P is in position on the base 12, the two suction cups 14 are brought into contact with the surfaces 81 and 82 by action of the rams, after which a negative pressure is engendered in each of the cavities defined between the cups l4 and the corresponding surface of the plate P. The joints 20 are then compressed and ensure sealing between the suction cups and the plate P, FIG. 6.
  • the suction cups 14 are then moved away from each other by retraction of the reams to cause the cleaving action, FIG. 7. If desired, during the movement of the cups 14 away from each other the cups may be rotated relative one to the other, by means not shown, about their axes as to twist the surfaces of the plate to facilitate the splitting thereof.
  • At least one cleavage trigger cut is made in an edge of the plate P.
  • This trigger or triggers may conveniently be made by one or more blades 30 guided for vertical sliding movement in the frame 10 in the plane of cleavage, the blades 30 including a head 31 aligned with a striking element 32 operable in any desired manner, not shown.
  • the separation of the suction cups during a cleaving action occurs along the common axis of the rods 15 and this may suffice to effect cleaving. If desired, however, in order to assist cleavage there may, as stated above, be relative rotation of the suction cups around this axis, or, alternatively the suction cups may be tilted in a direction at an angle to this axis.
  • a process according to claim 1 comprising the step of making a trigger cut in an edge of the slab near the cleavage plane.
  • a process as defined in claim 1 wherein said step of applying a force is carried out by applying a vacuum to each opposed face.
  • a device as defined in claim 4 further comprising: for each said gripping means;
  • a ram having a barrel secured to said means for supporting and a rod movable relative to said barrel;
  • each said gripping means comprises a suction cup connected to a source of vacuum.
  • each suction cup comprises a plate provided with a peripheral flange housing a flexible sealing joint, and wherein the periphery of the plate substantially corresponds to that of the faces of the slab to be cleaved.
  • a device wherein the plate of the cup is provided with abutments arranged to limit the movement of each face of the slab when the vacuum is applied between the suction cup and the slab.
  • a device further comprising a sliding cutter operable to form a trigger cut in an edge of the slab to be cleaved.
  • a process as defined in claim 1 comprising the further step of additionally applying torsional forces to the opposed faces of the slab.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
US707552A 1967-03-29 1968-02-23 Process and device for cleaving laminated materials Expired - Lifetime US3559632A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR100568A FR1524272A (fr) 1967-03-29 1967-03-29 Procédé et dispositif pour le clivage de matériaux feuilletés, notamment pour lafente de schistes ardoisiers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3559632A true US3559632A (en) 1971-02-02

Family

ID=8627716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US707552A Expired - Lifetime US3559632A (en) 1967-03-29 1968-02-23 Process and device for cleaving laminated materials

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3559632A (xx)
BE (1) BE709751A (xx)
DE (1) DE1652479B2 (xx)
ES (1) ES350334A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1524272A (xx)
GB (1) GB1225696A (xx)
LU (1) LU55456A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL6803925A (xx)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2182309A5 (xx) * 1972-04-26 1973-12-07 Angers Ardoisieres
GB9112555D0 (en) * 1991-06-11 1991-07-31 Burlington Slate Limited Method of and apparatus for the splitting of slabs and blocks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES350334A1 (es) 1969-11-16
FR1524272A (fr) 1968-05-10
NL6803925A (xx) 1968-09-30
DE1652479B2 (de) 1977-06-02
GB1225696A (xx) 1971-03-17
LU55456A1 (xx) 1968-04-23
BE709751A (xx) 1968-05-30
DE1652479A1 (de) 1971-01-21

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