US3558956A - Cathode-ray tube - Google Patents

Cathode-ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US3558956A
US3558956A US706877A US3558956DA US3558956A US 3558956 A US3558956 A US 3558956A US 706877 A US706877 A US 706877A US 3558956D A US3558956D A US 3558956DA US 3558956 A US3558956 A US 3558956A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
ray tube
film
light emission
amplification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US706877A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nikolai Gennadievich Basov
Oleg Vladimirovic Bogdankevich
Alexandr Sergeevich Nasibov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FIZICHESKY INST IM LEBEDEVA
FIZICHESKY INSTITUT IMENI LEBEDEVA
Original Assignee
FIZICHESKY INST IM LEBEDEVA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SU1135916A external-priority patent/SU270100A1/ru
Application filed by FIZICHESKY INST IM LEBEDEVA filed Critical FIZICHESKY INST IM LEBEDEVA
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Publication of US3558956A publication Critical patent/US3558956A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/0955—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using pumping by high energy particles
    • H01S3/0959—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using pumping by high energy particles by an electron beam
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H01J29/187—Luminescent screens screens with more than one luminescent material (as mixtures for the treatment of the screens)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H01J29/28—Luminescent screens with protective, conductive or reflective layers

Definitions

  • the active medium is a film of semiconductor material deposited on a substrate and capable of induced light emission and amplification at the density of electrons in the beam sufficient to bring about an inversion of energy levels in the semiconductor film.
  • One of the reflecting surfaces of the optical resonator is the surface of the film exposed to the electron beam inside of the tube envelope.
  • the present invention relates to electronic devices, and more specifically to cathode-ray tubes and to television such as, for example color television and Oscilloscopes and computers and such.
  • cathode-ray tube which is essentially an evacuated envelope housing an electron gun.
  • the electron beam from the gun is directed by a control system, which may be a magnetic one, onto a phosphor-coated screen where the energy of electrons is converted to light energy.
  • cathode-ray tubes One of the disadvantages of such cathode-ray tubes consists in that their luminance is limited by the diffusive divergence of the radiation emitted by eachluminous point of the screen. This, in turn, necessitates the use .of high-speed optical systems for further transmission of the picture.
  • An object of this invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantage and to provide for the high luminance of the screen, both total and spectral.
  • a cathode-ray tube whose screen, where the energy of electrons is converted to light energy, is essentially a semiconductor quantum generator formed by an optical resonator and an active medium placed therein, said active medium being in fact a film of semiconductor material deposited on a substrate and capable of induced light emission and amplification at the density if electrons in the beam sufficient to bring about an inversion of energy levels in said semiconductor film, one of the reflecting surfaces of the optical resonator being the surface of I said film exposed to the electron beam inside the tube envelope.
  • the substrate of the semiconductor film may be made optically transparent. Then the resonator will be formed bythe film surface exposed to the electron beam and the substrate surface outside the envelope.
  • the length of the resonator should be increased, for which purpose it is preferable that the resonator be formed by the film surface exposed to the electron beam and a reflector placed some distance from the substrate outside the tube envelope.
  • the film may be made of any one of the following semiconductor materials: gallium arsenide for infrared; gallium arseno-phosphide for red-yellow; zinc selenide for blue; cadmium selenide for orange; cadmium sulfide for green; and zinc sulfide for ultraviolet light.
  • the semiconductor film may be formed by dots of different semiconductor materials, thereby producing a color mosaic.
  • a cathode-ray tube with a screen made as just described provides for high luminance owing to provision of a resonator.
  • the divergence angle is reduced to 25, with an accompanying gain of to 10 times in the intensity of the luminous flux.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cathode-ray tube according to the invention, whose screen has a semiconductor film in the form of a planeparallel plate;
  • FIG. 2 is a sketch of a cathode-ray tube whose resonator is formed by the reflecting surfaces of the film and the substrate;
  • FIG. 3 shows the mosaic screen of the cathode-ray tube.
  • the cathode-ray tube has an evacuated envelope 1 which holds an electron gun 2 and a deflectional system 3 for control of the electron beam 4.
  • the CRT screen has a plane-parallel plate 5 made from a film of a semiconductor material deposited on a substrate 6;
  • the film surface 7 exposed to the electron beam 4 and the surface 8 of the plate 5 are made reflecting and from, between themselves, an optical resonator, while the semiconductor film is an active medium capable of induced lightcmission when excited by electrons.
  • the resonator and the plate 5 make up a semiconductor laser.
  • Emission from the CRT screen may be obtained in both the forward and the reverse direction relative to the direction of the electron beam.
  • the substrate should be fabricated from a material transparent to the generated emission.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the former case, and FIG. 1, the latter.
  • the semiconductor film may be made from any semiconductor material capable of induced light emission and amplification when excited by electrons, such as gallium arsenide, gallium arseno-phosphide, zinc selenide, cadmium selenide, cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide.
  • the operation of the cathode-ray tube provided by the invention is as follows.
  • the semiconductor film is, in effect, the active medium of a laser.
  • the wavelength of induced emission is greater than the limit of intrinsic absorption. Therefore, the unexcited regions of the film are transparent to the generated emission and do not produce appreciable losses in the resonator, even though the depth of penetration of the electrons in the semiconductor may be less than the thickness of the film. Feedback due to the reflection of light from the surfaces 7 and 8 of the plate 5 results in the generation of light in a direction normal to these surfaces.
  • a reflecting coat (not shown in the drawing) to the surfaces 7 and 8 of the plate 5.
  • the coat applied to the film surface exposed to the electron beam should be made fully reflecting, and that applied to the opposite side should be partly transmitting. Then the emission from the tube will be in the same direction as the electron beam, as is the casewith conventional cathode-ray tubes.
  • the directivity of emission can be enhanced by applying reflecting coats 9. and 10 (FIG. 2) to the surface 7 of the semiconductor plate 5 and to the external surface 11 of the substrate 6.
  • the screen operates in a way similar to one described above and is, in effect, a semiconductor laser with an external reflector.
  • the directivity of emission may be improved still more by placing a semitransparent reflecting plate in front of the transparent substrate, on the outside of the evacuated envelope, said reflecting plate and the semiconductor film making up a resonator.
  • the screen shown in F IG'. 3 may be used in color television. It has a semiconductor film whose areas l2, l3 and 14 are made from different semiconductor materials emitting at different wavelengths.
  • the cathode-ray tube has three electron guns (not shown in the HQ), and the electron beam from each gun is incident on the respective area on the screen.
  • the separation of the electron beams may be accomplished by means of aperture masks, as in the conventional color television tubes.
  • the herein proposed cathode-ray tube increases the luminance of the screen about 1 ,000 times and has a short afterglow time, about lO- to l0- see, which fact makes it suitable for computer applications.
  • a cathode-ray tube comprising, in combination, an evacuated envelope; an electron gun emitting a beam of electrons, a system for focusing and deflecting said beam of electrons; a screen on which said electron beam is focused for conversion of the energy of electrons into light energy, said screen being essentially a semiconductor quantum generator including an optical resonator and an active medium placed therein, said active medium being a film of semiconductor material deposited on a substrate and capable of induced light emission and amplification at the density of electrons in the beam sufficient to bring about an inversion of energy levels in said semiconductor film, one of the reflecting surfaces of the opti cal resonator being the surface of said film exposed to the electron beam inside the tube envelope.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
US706877A 1967-02-20 1968-02-20 Cathode-ray tube Expired - Lifetime US3558956A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU1135916A SU270100A1 (ru) 1967-02-20 Электроннолучевая трубка

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3558956A true US3558956A (en) 1971-01-26

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ID=20440247

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US706877A Expired - Lifetime US3558956A (en) 1967-02-20 1968-02-20 Cathode-ray tube

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3558956A (ru)
AT (1) AT281140B (ru)
DE (1) DE1639235C3 (ru)
FR (1) FR1571368A (ru)
NL (1) NL6802411A (ru)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3216734A1 (de) * 1982-05-05 1983-11-10 Efim Ušerovič Frjazino Moskovskaja oblast' Kornickij Laserelektronenstrahlroehre und verfahren zur thermovakuumbehandlung derselben
WO1984002616A1 (en) * 1982-12-27 1984-07-05 Western Electric Co Semiconductor laser crt target
US4620132A (en) * 1983-04-01 1986-10-28 At&T Bell Laboratories Electron beam scannable LED display device
US4695332A (en) * 1982-12-27 1987-09-22 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Method of making a semiconductor laser CRT
US5254502A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-10-19 Principia Optics, Inc. Method for making a laser screen for a cathode-ray tube
US5280360A (en) * 1991-12-26 1994-01-18 P. N. Lebedev Institute Of Physics Laser screen cathode ray tube with beam axis correction
WO1994015353A1 (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-07-07 Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Predpriyatie 'principia Optics' Laser electron-beam tube
US5339003A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-08-16 Principia Optics, Inc. Laser screen for a cathode-ray tube
US6331749B1 (en) 1998-02-04 2001-12-18 Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. Excitation method of laser cathode-ray tube
US6373179B1 (en) 1998-02-04 2002-04-16 Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. Laser cathode-ray tube
US6472833B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-10-29 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Laser cathode ray tube
US6512328B2 (en) * 2000-02-09 2003-01-28 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Laser cathode ray tube having electric discharge inhibitor inside the bulb
WO2013063927A1 (zh) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-10 上海显恒光电科技股份有限公司 基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光crt及投影系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2965783A (en) * 1958-10-27 1960-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Storage device
US2992349A (en) * 1957-10-24 1961-07-11 Gen Electric Field enhanced luminescence system
US3243625A (en) * 1964-05-28 1966-03-29 Gen Telephone & Elect Cathodoluminescent screens including vanadates of yttrium, gadolinium or lutetium activated with europium or samarium
US3305685A (en) * 1963-11-07 1967-02-21 Univ California Semiconductor laser and method
US3339016A (en) * 1965-04-26 1967-08-29 Texas Instruments Inc Color display system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2992349A (en) * 1957-10-24 1961-07-11 Gen Electric Field enhanced luminescence system
US2965783A (en) * 1958-10-27 1960-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Storage device
US3305685A (en) * 1963-11-07 1967-02-21 Univ California Semiconductor laser and method
US3243625A (en) * 1964-05-28 1966-03-29 Gen Telephone & Elect Cathodoluminescent screens including vanadates of yttrium, gadolinium or lutetium activated with europium or samarium
US3339016A (en) * 1965-04-26 1967-08-29 Texas Instruments Inc Color display system

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3216734A1 (de) * 1982-05-05 1983-11-10 Efim Ušerovič Frjazino Moskovskaja oblast' Kornickij Laserelektronenstrahlroehre und verfahren zur thermovakuumbehandlung derselben
WO1984002616A1 (en) * 1982-12-27 1984-07-05 Western Electric Co Semiconductor laser crt target
US4539687A (en) * 1982-12-27 1985-09-03 At&T Bell Laboratories Semiconductor laser CRT
US4695332A (en) * 1982-12-27 1987-09-22 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Method of making a semiconductor laser CRT
US4620132A (en) * 1983-04-01 1986-10-28 At&T Bell Laboratories Electron beam scannable LED display device
US5280360A (en) * 1991-12-26 1994-01-18 P. N. Lebedev Institute Of Physics Laser screen cathode ray tube with beam axis correction
US5254502A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-10-19 Principia Optics, Inc. Method for making a laser screen for a cathode-ray tube
US5339003A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-08-16 Principia Optics, Inc. Laser screen for a cathode-ray tube
WO1994015353A1 (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-07-07 Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Predpriyatie 'principia Optics' Laser electron-beam tube
US5687185A (en) * 1992-12-28 1997-11-11 Principia Optics, Inc. Laser cathode-ray tube
US6331749B1 (en) 1998-02-04 2001-12-18 Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. Excitation method of laser cathode-ray tube
US6373179B1 (en) 1998-02-04 2002-04-16 Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. Laser cathode-ray tube
US6512328B2 (en) * 2000-02-09 2003-01-28 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Laser cathode ray tube having electric discharge inhibitor inside the bulb
US6472833B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-10-29 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Laser cathode ray tube
WO2013063927A1 (zh) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-10 上海显恒光电科技股份有限公司 基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光crt及投影系统
US20140232994A1 (en) * 2011-10-31 2014-08-21 Zhongping Xia Low power laser CRT and projection system based on parallel flow electron gun

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1639235A1 (de) 1970-05-21
FR1571368A (ru) 1969-06-20
AT281140B (de) 1970-05-11
DE1639235B2 (de) 1977-07-21
DE1639235C3 (de) 1978-03-23
NL6802411A (ru) 1968-08-21

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