WO2013063927A1 - 基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光crt及投影系统 - Google Patents

基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光crt及投影系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013063927A1
WO2013063927A1 PCT/CN2012/076195 CN2012076195W WO2013063927A1 WO 2013063927 A1 WO2013063927 A1 WO 2013063927A1 CN 2012076195 W CN2012076195 W CN 2012076195W WO 2013063927 A1 WO2013063927 A1 WO 2013063927A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser
panel
electron gun
laminar
crt
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/076195
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏忠平
赵健
严瑗
张学渊
钟伟杰
Original Assignee
上海显恒光电科技股份有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 上海显恒光电科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海显恒光电科技股份有限公司
Priority to US13/521,222 priority Critical patent/US20140232994A1/en
Publication of WO2013063927A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013063927A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/48—Electron guns
    • H01J29/481—Electron guns using field-emission, photo-emission, or secondary-emission electron source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/48—Electron guns
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a CRT and a projection system. Background technique
  • the most suitable light source for such projection devices is a laser light source or a light-emitting diode light source.
  • the laser light source is an efficient light source that has been widely considered to have low power consumption and high brightness.
  • the projection system uses a light modulator to convert light emitted from the light source into an image frame.
  • a light modulator is usually a projection type/reflective liquid crystal display using liquid crystal, a liquid crystal on silicon, and a digital micromirror device in DLP technology.
  • a light source of three primary colors is required.
  • a CRT is a display using a cathode ray tube, which is mainly composed of a glass cover, an electron gun, a deflection coil, and a stress panel.
  • Traditional CRT technology is used in television and computer screen applications.
  • CRT technology can also be used in projection illuminator structures, but it is often inefficient and limited by brightness.
  • the CRT can also excite the laser light source by electron beam, and the electron beam generated by the CRT electron gun bombards the laser panel to generate a laser light source, which has the advantages of decoherence and high brightness.
  • the electron beam excitation system equipped with a general light source uses a cross-electron gun.
  • the current density distribution of the electron beam emitted by the electron gun is Gaussian-like, and there is a defect in the light-emitting mechanism, and the energy converted into heat is large, and the light is emitted.
  • the area power consumption is not uniform, which reduces the average life of the chip. Summary of the invention
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a low power type laser CRT based on a laminar electron gun to solve the above technical problems.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a projection system that solves the above technical problems.
  • a low-power laser CRT based on a laminar electron gun includes a vacuum tube, one of the vacuum tubes The end of the vacuum tube is provided with an electron gun, and the electron gun is provided with a layer of electron gun.
  • the laminar electron gun comprises a cathode, a G1 electrode and a control electrode, and the control electrode Connect a beam current control system.
  • the electron gun of the present invention can emit a high-speed electron beam, and after a sufficient intensity electron beam is incident on the laser cavity on the laser panel, a laser effect is generated, thereby generating a laser.
  • a laser chip can be used for the laser cavity.
  • the control electrode is used to control the beam current, which in turn changes the current intensity.
  • the voltage at the control electrode determines the brightness of the external screen on the front of the laser panel. Since the electron beam emitted by the laminar electron gun is a laminar electron beam, it has the advantages of stronger brightness and better coherence removal.
  • Laminar flow electron guns are used in general imaging CRT displays because their laminar flow is easily damaged, the scanning range is small, and the applicable laser chip area is small, which is difficult to use as a display application.
  • the application of a laminar flow electron gun to an excited laser source circumvents the disadvantages of a laminar electron gun.
  • the laminar electron gun generates a laminar electron beam, and the current density of the laminar electron beam on the surface of the laser chip is relatively evenly distributed, which improves the energy utilization rate and reduces the loss of the laser chip compared with the use of the cross gun.
  • the main trajectories of electrons in the laminar electron beam do not cross each other, and the space charge effect is small, which is favorable for forming smaller beam spots and improving the energy density of the laser chip injected. Therefore, the present invention exerts the advantages of a laminar electron gun.
  • the invention has the advantages of eliminating laser speckle and good controllability.
  • the light source of the above design can also be used for rear projection and front projection light sources.
  • the electron gun of the present invention uses a laminar electron gun to emit an electron beam, and the current density of the laser panel has a relatively uniform distribution, averaging the power consumption of the laser panel and reducing the energy converted into heat.
  • the cathode and the laser panel can each be loaded with a positive voltage, and a dual driver modulation system is coupled to the cathode and G1 electrodes, respectively.
  • the dual driver modulation system is used to modulate the cathode and G1 electrode response control signals, and the dual driver modulation system adjusts the voltage across the cathode and G1 electrodes to achieve high resolution.
  • a negative voltage source may also be applied to the cathode, the laser panel being loaded with a positive voltage source, the negative voltage source being in series with the positive voltage source, and the junction being grounded.
  • the cathode is loaded with a high negative voltage power supply of 0 to 20 kV
  • the laser panel is loaded with a high positive voltage power supply of 0 to +20 kV.
  • the high voltage of the laser CRT can be divided, and the negative potential is applied to the cathode, and the positive potential Applicable to the anode, so the total potential on the laser panel is close to the potential difference between the positive potential and the negative potential.
  • the beam current control system connects the cathode and the G1 electrode, respectively.
  • the beam current control system is used to control the cathode and other electrodes in the electron gun to produce the desired electron beam.
  • the electron beam is scanned on the laser panel to produce the desired laser output intensity.
  • the electron beam current control system controls and controls the electron gun to control and control the current output of the laser.
  • the present invention does not require rapid modulation of the beam current, and only a constant voltage is applied to the cathode section to generate an electron beam current to bombard the laser panel to generate a laser source without the need for expensive modulation electrodes at the cathode. Therefore, the configuration of the electron beam control system and the electron gun is simplified and inexpensive.
  • the electron beam current control system can individually adjust the voltage of the control current on the cathode or other electrodes.
  • the present invention adjusts the voltage of the electrodes in the electron gun by an electron beam current control system to achieve a constant output in a desired unit.
  • a focus deflection yoke is disposed in front of the laminar flow gun, and the laser panel is disposed in front of the focus deflection system;
  • the focus deflection system includes a focus coil disposed in front of the electron gun, a deflection coil disposed in front of the focus coil, and the laser panel is disposed in front of the deflection coil.
  • the deflection angle of the deflection yoke In order to maintain the laminarity of the laminar electron beam, the deflection angle of the deflection yoke must be small and must be in the linear deflection region of the deflection yoke.
  • a focus focusing deflection lens integrated with a focus function and a deflection function is formed in front of the laminar flow gun by a focus coil and a deflection yoke to accommodate the disadvantage that the laminar flow of the laminar electron beam is easily broken.
  • the laminar electron beam is scanned line by line on the laser chip surface, and the laser light emitted from the entire laser chip surface is mixed as much as possible to eliminate spatial coherence.
  • the vacuum tube comprises a funnel-shaped glass cover, the laser cover is provided at a wide-angle end of the cover glass, and the laminar flow gun is disposed at the other end of the glass cover.
  • the vacuum tube can also adopt a long tubular vacuum tube, and the structural design of the vacuum tube and the laminar electron gun can be changed according to practical applications.
  • the laser panel includes at least two laser cavities, that is, at least two laser chips, at least two of which are arranged in parallel in a thickness direction to form the laser panel; the laser cavity includes a gain dielectric layer and two reflective layers Two reflective layers are respectively disposed in front of and behind the gain medium layer.
  • the two reflective layers are respectively a partially reflective layer and a completely reflective layer, and the partially reflective layer is disposed at the In front of the gain medium layer, the complete reflection layer is disposed behind the gain medium layer. So that photons are excited multiple times in the laser cavity.
  • the laser light source produced by the present invention may be laser light sources of three different colors side by side: the laser panel includes at least two laser cavities, and at least two lasers generated by the laser cavities are one of three primary colors, at least two of which are The laser cavities are arranged in the thickness direction;
  • the laser panel includes at least three rows of the laser cavities, and a row of the laser cavities produces the same laser color, and a row of the laser cavities is different in color from the laser cavity generated by the adjacent rows of laser cavities.
  • the laser light source generated is three rows of laser light sources of different colors.
  • the present invention is applied to a light source of a projection system, as long as one laser CRT is used as a light source, three rows of laser light sources of different colors are combined by an optical prism group to be synthesized into three-color synthetic light. This can greatly reduce the number of laser CRTs and save the overall cost of the projection system.
  • the laser light source generated by the present invention may also be a three-primary color laser light source: the laser panel includes at least two laser cavities, and at least two lasers generated by the laser cavity are one of three primary colors, at least two of the laser cavities Arranged in the thickness direction;
  • the laser panel includes at least two rows of the laser cavities, a laser cavity having a different color of laser light emitted from its adjacent laser cavity.
  • the generated laser light source is a three-color synthetic light mixed with different colors.
  • a laser CRT is used as a light source, as long as a laser CRT is used as a light source, a complicated structure that requires three different colors of light sources to be combined into a single combined light by optical prisms is omitted. This can greatly save the number of laser CRTs, and the projection system has a simpler structure and lower cost.
  • a laser panel cooling system including a manifold, a heat exchange system, a coolant disposed within the manifold, the heat exchange system connecting the inlet and outlet of the manifold
  • the manifold includes a perimeter manifold disposed about a perimeter of the laser panel. The coolant flows through the perimeter of the entire laser panel through the peripheral manifold. The laser panel is cooled, the temperature of the coolant rises, and the warmed coolant exits the peripheral manifold from the outlet, entering the heat exchange system for cooling and recirculation of the coolant.
  • the manifold further includes a panel manifold disposed on the laser panel, the panel manifold being disposed between two adjacent laser cavities;
  • the panel manifold is disposed between two adjacent rows of the laser cavities, and the panel manifolds are disposed on the laser panel in a crisscross manner. Better and more uniform pairing after the manifold is also provided on the laser panel The laser panel is cooled.
  • the coolant uses an insulating, transparent coolant. In order to isolate the high voltage from the laser panel cooling system, the setup of other galvanic isolation systems is eliminated.
  • the coolant may be a medium coolant such as Fluorinert manufactured by 3M Company, or a perfluorinated liquid or other non-conductive fluid.
  • the laser panel cooling system may be provided with at least two manifolds, at least two of which are in communication with each other, at least one of the at least two of the manifolds being connected to the heat exchange system. In order to more effectively and evenly cool the laser panel.
  • a projection system comprising a light source system, an optical prism set, a projection optical system
  • the light source system comprises three laser CRTs for generating laser light
  • the three laser light sources produced by the laser CRT are respectively one of three primary colors
  • three The laser light generated by the laser CRT respectively forms a bundle of three-color synthetic light through the optical prism group.
  • the invention uses the laser CRT light source as the light source of the projection system, and has the advantages of eliminating laser speckle and good controllability.
  • the optical prism group may adopt an X prism, and the laser beams generated by the three laser CRTs respectively form three-color synthesized light by the color combination of the X prisms.
  • the projection optical system further includes a beam shaper, the beam shaper is a fly-eye lens, and the surface of the fly-eye lens has a lens body arranged in a matrix, and the beam shaper is located between the projection light source and the objective lens.
  • the beam emitted by the light source system is diverged and converted into the shape of the effective area of the light modulator.
  • SLMs light modulators
  • a projection system comprising a light source system, an optical prism set, a projection optical system, the light source system comprising a laser CRT for generating a three primary color laser, the three primary color laser generated by the laser CRT forming a bundle of three colors by the optical prism group Light;
  • the laser panel of the laser CRT includes at least two laser cavities, and at least two lasers generated by the laser cavities are one of three primary colors, and at least two of the laser cavities are arranged in a thickness direction;
  • the laser panel includes at least three rows of the laser cavities, and a row of the laser cavities produces the same laser color, and a row of the laser cavities is different in color from the laser cavity generated by the adjacent rows of laser cavities.
  • the invention uses the laser CRT light source as the light source of the projection system, and the generated laser light source is three rows.
  • a projection system comprising a light source system, a projection optical system, the light source system comprising a laser CRT for generating a laser, the laser panel of the laser CRT comprising at least two laser cavities, and at least two lasers generated by the laser cavity are One of the three primary colors, at least two of the laser cavities are arranged in a thickness direction;
  • the laser panel includes at least two rows of the laser cavities, a laser cavity having a different color of laser light emitted from its adjacent laser cavity.
  • the invention uses a laser CRT light source as a light source of the projection system, and the generated laser light source is a three-color synthetic light mixed with different colors.
  • a laser CRT light source As long as a laser CRT is used as a light source, a complicated structure that requires three different colors of light sources to be combined into a single combined light by optical prisms is omitted. This can greatly save the number of laser CRTs, and the projection system has a simpler structure and lower cost.
  • an optical prism set disposed in front of the laser exit face of the laser CRT.
  • the laser light emitted by the laser CRT of the present invention is already a three-color synthetic light.
  • an optical prism group is arranged in front of the laser CRT, which can better achieve color mixing and make the color of the projection system more uniform and stable.
  • a laser panel cooling system including a manifold, a heat exchange system, a coolant disposed within the manifold, the heat exchange system connecting the inlet and outlet of the manifold
  • the manifold includes a perimeter manifold disposed about a perimeter of the laser panel. The coolant flows through the perimeter of the entire laser panel through the surrounding manifold, the laser panel is cooled, and the temperature of the coolant rises. The warmed coolant exits the peripheral manifold from the outlet and enters the heat exchange system for cooling and recirculation of the coolant.
  • the manifold further includes a panel manifold disposed on the laser panel, the panel manifold being disposed between two adjacent laser cavities;
  • the panel manifold is disposed between two adjacent rows of the laser cavities, and the panel manifolds are disposed on the laser panel in a crisscross manner. After the manifold is also provided on the laser panel, the laser panel can be cooled better and more uniformly.
  • a closed cavity is provided between the laser panel and the light modulator, and the fan is advanced Both the tuyere and the air outlet are disposed in the confined space, and the air flow in the confined space is driven by the fan to take away heat from the laser panel and the light modulator. Because it is internally circulated in the air, it does not bring outside dust into the laser panel and light modulator.
  • An optical prism group is disposed between the laser panel and the light modulator, or a closed cavity is formed between the laser panel and the optical component of the optical prism group, and the air inlet and the air outlet of the fan are disposed at In the confined space, the air in the confined space is driven by a fan to take away heat from the laser panel.
  • the fan is located outside the sealed cavity and is respectively connected to the air inlet and the air outlet through a gas flow conduit. To avoid occupying the space inside the sealed cavity.
  • the sealed space is surrounded by a metal shell and is cooled by a metal shell.
  • the inner side of the metal shell is provided with an inner fin that penetrates into the sealed space, and the outer side of the metal shell is provided with an outer fin that is in contact with the outside air.
  • the laser light source produced by the invention has the advantages of eliminating laser speckle and good controllability.
  • the electron gun uses a laminar electron gun to emit electron beams.
  • the current density of the laser panel has a relatively uniform distribution, which averages the power consumption of the laser panel and reduces the energy converted into heat.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a laser CRT according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural view of a laser CRT according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a laser panel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic structural view of a laser panel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a projection system using three laser CRTs according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural view of a projection system using three laser CRTs according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a projection of a laser CRT according to the present invention.
  • a schematic diagram of a structure of the system
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing another structure of the projection system when a laser CRT is used in the present invention.
  • a low-power laser CRT based on a laminar electron gun includes a vacuum tube including a funnel-shaped glass cover 11, a wide-angle end of the glass cover 11 is provided with a laser panel 12, and the other end of the glass cover 11 is provided.
  • the structural design of the vacuum tube and the laminar electron gun 13 can be changed depending on the actual application.
  • the vacuum tube can also be a long tubular vacuum tube.
  • the laminar flow gun 13 includes a cathode 131, a G1 electrode 132, a control electrode 133, and a control electrode 133 connected to an electron beam current control system 14.
  • the electron gun of the present invention can emit a high-speed electron beam, and after a sufficient intensity electron beam is incident on the laser cavity on the laser panel 12, a laser effect is generated, thereby generating a laser.
  • the laser cavity uses a laser chip.
  • the electron beam emitted from the laminar electron gun 13 is a laminar electron beam, it has the advantages of stronger brightness and better coherence.
  • Laminar flow electron guns are used in general imaging CRT displays because their laminar flow is easily damaged, the scanning range is small, and the applicable laser chip area is small, which is difficult to use as a display application.
  • the application of the laminar flow electron gun 13 to the excited laser light source avoids the disadvantage of the laminar flow gun 13.
  • the laminar electron gun 13 generates a laminar electron beam, and the current density of the laminar electron beam on the surface of the laser panel 12 is relatively evenly distributed, which improves the energy utilization rate and reduces the loss of the laser chip compared with the use of the cross gun.
  • the main trajectories of electrons in the laminar electron beam do not cross each other, and the space charge effect is small, which is favorable for forming smaller beam spots and improving the energy density of the laser beam 12 injected. Therefore, the present invention exerts the advantages of a laminar electron gun.
  • control electrode 133 is used to control the beam current, which in turn changes the current intensity.
  • the voltage at the control electrode 133 determines the brightness of the external screen 6 in front of the laser panel 12.
  • the invention has the advantages of eliminating laser speckle and good controllability.
  • the light source of the above design can also be used for rear projection and front projection light sources.
  • the electron gun of the present invention uses a laminar electron gun to emit an electron beam, and the current density of the laser panel 12 has a relatively uniform distribution, averaging the power consumption of the laser panel 12 and reducing the energy converted into heat.
  • a positive voltage can be applied to the cathode 131 and the laser panel 12, respectively.
  • a dual driver modulation system 3 that is coupled to the cathode and G1 electrodes 132, respectively.
  • the dual driver modulation system 3 is used to modulate the cathode 131 and G1 electrodes 132 in response to control signals through a dual drive
  • the modulation system 3 adjusts the voltages of the cathode 131 and the G1 electrode 132 to finally achieve high resolution.
  • a negative voltage source can also be applied to the cathode 131.
  • the laser panel 12 is loaded with a positive voltage source, a negative voltage source and a positive voltage source are connected in series, and the junction is grounded.
  • the cathode 131 is preferably loaded with a high negative voltage source of 0 to 20 kV
  • the laser panel 12 is preferably loaded with a high positive voltage source of 0 to +20 kV.
  • the high voltage of the laser CRT can be divided, the negative potential is applied to the cathode 131, and the positive potential is applied to the anode, so that the total potential on the laser panel 12 is close to the potential difference between the positive potential and the negative potential.
  • the beam current control system 14 is coupled to the cathode 131 and the G1 electrode 132, respectively.
  • the beam current control system 14 is used to control the cathode 131 and other electrodes in the electron gun to produce the desired electron beam, which is scanned on the laser panel 12 to produce the desired laser output intensity.
  • the beam current control system 14 regulates and controls the current by controlling the electron gun to control the output intensity of the laser.
  • there is no need to rapidly modulate the beam current and only a constant voltage is applied to the cathode 131 to generate a beam current to bombard the laser panel 12 to generate a laser source without the need for expensive modulation electrodes at the cathode 131. Therefore, the configuration of the electron beam control system and the electron gun is simplified and inexpensive.
  • the beam current control system 14 can individually adjust the voltage of the control current on the cathode 131 or other electrodes.
  • the present invention adjusts the voltage of the electrodes in the electron gun by the beam current control system 14 to achieve a constant output in the required unit.
  • a focus deflection yoke is disposed in front of the laminar flow gun 13, and a laser panel 12 is disposed in front of the focus deflection yoke.
  • the focus deflection system includes a focus coil 135 disposed in front of the electron gun, a deflection coil 136 disposed in front of the focus coil 135, and a laser panel 12 disposed in front of the deflection coil 136.
  • the deflection angle of the deflection yoke 136 In order to maintain the laminarity of the electron beam, the deflection angle of the deflection yoke 136 must be small and must be in the linear deflection region of the deflection yoke 136.
  • a focus focusing lens 135 and a deflection yoke 136 form a composite focus deflection lens integrally integrated with the focusing function and the deflection function in front of the laminar flow gun 13, to accommodate the disadvantage that the laminar flow of the laminar electron beam is easily broken.
  • the deflection yoke 136 By controlling the current of the deflection yoke 136, the laminar electron beam is scanned progressively on the chip, i.e., the laser panel 12, and the laser mixing from the entire chip surface eliminates spatial coherence.
  • deflection yoke 136 on the inner ring and the focus coil 135 on the outer casing it is also possible to provide the deflection yoke 136 on the inner ring and the focus coil 135 on the outer casing to combine the deflection coil 136 and the focus coil 135 to improve performance.
  • the electron gun may further include a G3 electrode 134, the control electrode 133 as a G2 electrode, the G1 electrode 132 being disposed between the cathode 131 and the G2 electrode, and the G1 electrode 132 being loaded with a negative voltage.
  • G3 electrode 134 It is disposed between the G2 electrode and the focus coil 135.
  • the laser panel 12 includes at least two laser cavities, and at least two laser cavities are arranged in parallel in the thickness direction to form the laser panel 12.
  • the laser cavity includes a gain dielectric layer and two reflective layers, and the two reflective layers are respectively disposed in front of and behind the gain dielectric layer.
  • the two reflective layers are a partially reflective layer and a fully reflective layer, respectively, a partially reflective layer disposed in front of the gain dielectric layer and a fully reflective layer disposed behind the gain dielectric layer. So that photons are excited multiple times in the laser cavity.
  • the laser light source generated by the present invention may be laser light sources of three different colors side by side: the laser panel 12 includes at least two laser cavities 121, and the laser light generated by at least two laser cavities 121 is one of three primary colors, at least two The laser cavities 121 are arranged in parallel in the thickness direction.
  • the laser panel 12 includes at least three rows of laser cavities 121.
  • the lasers generated by a row of laser cavities 121 are of the same color, and the rows of laser cavities 121 are different in color from the laser cavities 121 of their adjacent rows.
  • the laser light source generated is three rows of laser light sources of different colors.
  • the present invention When the present invention is applied to a light source of a projection system, as long as one laser CRT is used as a light source, three rows of laser light sources of different colors are combined by an optical prism group to be synthesized into three-color synthetic light. This can greatly save the number of laser CRTs and save the overall cost of the projection system.
  • the laser light source generated by the present invention may also be a three-primary color laser light source: the laser panel 12 includes at least two laser cavities 121, and the laser light generated by at least two laser cavities 121 is one of three primary colors, at least two lasers.
  • the cavities 121 are arranged in parallel in the thickness direction.
  • the laser panel 12 includes at least two rows of laser cavities 121, a laser cavity 121 having a different color from the laser light emitted by its adjacent laser cavity 121.
  • the generated laser light source is three-color synthetic light mixed in different colors.
  • a projection system includes a light source system, an optical prism group 4, and a projection optical system 5, and a screen 6 is provided in front of the projection optical system 5.
  • the light source system includes three lasers CRT1 for generating laser light, and the laser light sources generated by the three lasers CRT1 are respectively one of three primary colors, and the laser light generated by the three lasers CRT1 respectively forms a bundle of three-color synthetic light through the optical prism group 4. .
  • the laser CRT1 light source is used as the light source of the projection system, and has the advantages of eliminating laser speckle and good controllability.
  • the optical prism group 4 can adopt an X prism, and the lasers generated by the three lasers CRT1 pass respectively.
  • the color combination of the X prisms forms a three-color composite light.
  • the projection optical system 5 further includes a beam shaper, the beam shaper is a fly-eye lens, the surface of the fly-eye lens has a lens body arranged in a matrix, and the beam shaper is located between the projection light source and the objective lens. The beam emitted by the light source system is diverged and converted into the shape of the effective area of the light modulator.
  • the light modulator 7 can be a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS).
  • the light modulator 7 can also be a grating light valve (GLV) or a digital micro mirror (DMD). To reduce the volume and reduce energy consumption.
  • LCOS liquid crystal on silicon
  • DMD digital micro mirror
  • the projection system includes a light source system, an optical prism set 4, and a projection optical system 5.
  • the light source system includes a laser CRT1 for generating a three primary color laser, and the three primary color lasers generated by the laser CRT1 form a bundle of three-color synthesized light through the optical prism group 4.
  • the laser panel 12 includes at least two laser cavities 121, and the laser light generated by the at least two laser cavities 121 is one of three primary colors, and at least two laser cavities 121 are arranged in parallel in the thickness direction.
  • the laser panel 12 includes at least three rows of laser cavities 121.
  • the laser beams 121 of one row produce the same color of laser light, and the rows of laser cavities 121 are different in color from the laser cavities 121 of the adjacent rows of laser cavities 121.
  • the invention uses the laser CRT1 light source as the light source of the projection system, and the laser light source produced is three rows of laser light sources of different colors.
  • a projection system includes a light source system and a projection optical system 5, and the light source system includes a laser CRT1 for generating laser light.
  • the laser panel 12 includes at least two laser cavities 121, and the laser light generated by the at least two laser cavities 121 is one of three primary colors, at least two laser cavities 121 are arranged in parallel in the thickness direction; and the laser panel 12 includes at least two rows.
  • the laser cavity 121, a laser cavity 121 and its adjacent laser cavity 121 produce different colors of laser light.
  • the invention uses the laser CRT light source as the light source of the projection system, and the generated laser light source is three-color synthetic light mixed in different colors. When used in a light source of a projection system, as long as one laser CRT is used as a light source, a light source requiring three different colors is omitted, and a complicated structure of a combined light is synthesized by the optical prism group 4.
  • an optical prism set 4 disposed in front of the laser exit face of the laser CRT.
  • the laser light emitted by the laser CRT of the present invention is already a three-color synthetic light.
  • the color mixture can be better realized, and the color of the projection system is more uniform and stable.
  • the panel cooling system includes a manifold, a heat exchange system 22, a coolant, a coolant disposed in the manifold, a heat exchange system 22 connecting the inlet and the outlet of the manifold, and the manifold including the A peripheral manifold 21 around the perimeter of the stress panel.
  • the coolant flows through the manifold through the periphery of the entire laser panel 12, the laser panel 12 is cooled, the temperature of the coolant rises, and the warmed coolant exits the manifold from the outlet, thereby entering the heat exchange system 22 for cooling and recirculation of the coolant.
  • the manifold further includes a panel manifold 23 disposed on the laser panel 12, the panel manifold 23 being disposed between adjacent two laser cavities 121.
  • a panel manifold 23 is disposed between adjacent two rows of laser cavities 121, and the panel manifolds 23 are disposed on the laser panel 12 in a crisscross manner. After the manifold is also provided on the laser panel 12, the laser panel 12 can be cooled better and more uniformly.
  • the manifold includes at least two, at least two manifolds in communication with one another, and at least one of the at least two manifolds is coupled to the heat exchange system 22.
  • the peripheral manifold 21 and the panel manifold 23 are preferably in communication with each other.
  • the coolant is insulated and transparent. In order for the panel to cool the system to isolate high voltages, the setup of other galvanic isolation systems is eliminated.
  • the coolant can be a media coolant, such as Fluorinert manufactured by 3M Company, or a perfluorinated liquid or other non-conductive fluid.
  • the low-power type laser CRT based on the laminar flow electron gun further includes a fan, and a closed cavity is arranged between the laser panel 12 and the light modulator 7.
  • the air inlet and the air outlet of the fan are disposed in a sealed space, and the air-driven sealing is performed by the fan.
  • the air in the space flows to carry away the heat from the laser panel 12 and the light modulator 7. Since the air is internally circulated, external dust is not carried to the laser panel 12 and the optical modulator 7.
  • the fan is located outside the closed cavity and is connected to the air inlet and the air outlet through the air flow duct. To avoid occupying the space inside the sealed cavity.
  • An optical prism group 4 is disposed between the laser panel 12 and the light modulator 7, or a closed cavity is formed between the laser panel 12 and the optical component of the optical prism group 4.
  • the air inlet and the air outlet of the fan are both sealed. In the space, the air in the confined space is driven by the fan to take away the heat on the laser panel 12.
  • the confined space is surrounded by a metal shell and is cooled by a metal shell.
  • the inside of the metal shell is deep into
  • the inner fin in the confined space, the outer side of the metal shell is provided with an outer fin that is in contact with the outside air.
  • Embodiment 1 Referring to Figure 5, three lasers CRT1 provide red, green, and blue laser sources, respectively.
  • Each laser CRT1 has a beam current control system 14 for controlling the control electrode 133, and then coupling and shaping the laser light source generated by each laser CRT1 through an appropriate X prism, and then projecting onto the screen 6 through the optical projection system 5, Form a full color image.
  • the control electrode 133 of each laser CRT1 can be individually controlled by the beam current control system 14. This adjustment can be done manually, such as allowing the user to individually control each laser CRT10 or automatically feedback through the sensor so that the beam current control system 14 automatically adjusts the desired color balance.
  • Embodiment 2 Referring to Figure 6, three lasers CRT1 provide red, green and blue laser sources, respectively.
  • the three lasers CRT1 are respectively modulated by the optical modulator ,, and then shaped by appropriate X-mirror coupling, and then projected onto the screen 6 through the optical projection system 5 to form a full-color image.
  • each laser CRT1 can be individually adjusted by the beam current control system 14. This adjustment can be done manually, such as allowing the user to individually control each laser CRT1. It is also possible to automatically feed back through the sensor so that the beam current control system 14 automatically adjusts the desired color balance.
  • Embodiment 3 Referring to FIG. 7, the projection system uses only one laser CRT1, and one laser CRT1 can generate three laser light sources side by side, and the three laser light sources are respectively one of the three primary colors.
  • the three laser light sources form a bundle of three-color synthetic light by the combination of the optical prism groups 4.
  • the above design effectively saves the number of laser CRTs and reduces the space and cost of the projection system.
  • the laser CRT1 shown in Fig. 7 the laser CRT1 should have the following design: Referring to Fig. 3, the laser panel 12 is provided with three rows of laser cavities 121, and the first row of laser cavities 121 adopts a red laser cavity in three primary colors, denoted as R.
  • the second row of laser cavities 121 uses a green laser cavity in the three primary colors, labeled G.
  • the third row of laser cavities 121 uses a blue laser cavity in the three primary colors, labeled B.
  • a panel manifold 23 is disposed between two adjacent laser cavities 121, and a peripheral manifold 21 is disposed around the laser panel 12, and the peripheral manifold 21 and the panel manifold 23 are in communication with each other and connected to the heat exchange system 22.
  • the laser CRT after the above design can emit three rows of laser light sources of different colors.
  • Embodiment 4 Referring to FIG. 8, the projection system uses only one laser CRT1, which differs from the third embodiment in that a laser CRT can generate a combined beam and an optical prism is omitted.
  • Adoption map When the laser CRT1 is shown, the laser CRT1 should have the following design: Referring to FIG. 4, the laser panel 12 is provided with at least two rows of laser cavities 121, and the first row of laser cavities 121 adopts a red laser cavity and a green laser cavity in three primary colors, respectively Marked as R and G; the second row of laser cavities uses a green laser cavity and a blue laser cavity in the three primary colors, labeled G and B, respectively.
  • a panel manifold 23 is disposed between adjacent laser cavities 121, and a peripheral manifold 21 is disposed around the laser panel 12.
  • the peripheral manifold 21 and the panel manifold 23 are in communication with each other and connected to the heat exchange system 22.
  • the laser CRT after the above design can emit a combined color of three colors.

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Abstract

一种CRT及投影系统，该CRT为基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光CRT,包括真空管，真空管的一端设有激光面板，真空管的另一端设有电子枪，电子枪采用层流电子枪，层流电子枪包括阴极、G1电极、控制电极，控制电极连接电子束电流控制系统。由于电子枪采用层流电子枪发射电子束，激光面板的电流密度具有比较均匀的分布，平均了激光面板功耗，降低了转化为热的能量。

Description

说 明 书
基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT及投影系统 技术领域
本发明涉及电子技术领域， 具体涉及一种 CRT及投影系统。 背景技术
随着小型化、 便携式电子设备的兴起， 现有的投影设备通常采用手持式、 低耗电的投影设备， 最适合于此类投影设备的光源为激光光源或是发光二级 管光源。 其中， 激光光源是已被广泛认为低耗电、 亮度高的高效光源。
投影系统利用光调制器把从光源射出的光转换为影像画面。 目前此种光 调制器通常是利用液晶的投射型 /反射型液晶显示器、硅基液晶， 以及 DLP技 术中的数字微镜器件。 为了表现影像画面， 需要三原色的光源。
CRT 是一种是用阴极射线管的显示器， 其主要由玻璃罩、 电子枪、 偏转 线圈、 应激面板组成。 传统的 CRT技术被用于电视机、 电脑屏幕应用中， 另 外 CRT技术也可被用于投影光机结构中，但往往效率不高，而且受亮度限制。
CRT也可以通过电子束激发激光光源， 将 CRT的电子枪产生的电子束轰 击激光面板产生激光光源， 具有去相干、 亮度高等优点。 但一般光源配备的 电子束激发系统采用交叉电子枪， 这种电子枪发射的电子束在像面的电流密 度分布为类高斯型， 从发光机理上来说存在缺陷， 转化为热的能量比重大， 且发光区域功耗也不均匀， 降低了芯片的平均寿命。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于， 提供一种基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 解 决以上技术问题。
本发明的另一目的在于， 提供一种投影系统， 解决以上技术问题。
本发明所解决的技术问题可以采用以下技术方案来实现：
基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 包括一真空管， 所述真空管的一 端设有一激光面板， 所述真空管的另一端设有电子枪， 其特征在于， 所述电 子枪采用一层流电子枪， 所述层流电子枪包括一阴极、 一 G1电极、 一控制电 极， 所述控制电极连接一电子束电流控制系统。
本发明的电子枪能发出高速电子束， 足够强度的电子束射入激光面板上 的激光腔后， 就会产生激光效应， 进而产生激光。 激光腔可以采用激光芯片。 通过电子束电流控制系统的控制， 控制电极用来控制电子束电流， 进而改变 电流强度。 控制电极处的电压决定了激光面板前方外界屏幕的亮度。 因为层 流电子枪发射的电子束是层流电子束， 所以具有亮度更强， 去除相干性更好 等优点。
层流电子枪应用于普通成像 CRT显示器中， 因其层流性容易受到破坏， 扫描范围小， 所适用激光芯片面积较小， 很难用作显示的应用。 而本发明中 将层流电子枪应用于激发的激光光源， 则规避了层流电子枪的劣势。
在本发明中， 层流电子枪产生的是层流电子束， 层流电子束在激光芯片 表面的电流密度有比较均匀分布， 较使用交叉枪提高了能量利用率， 降低了 激光芯片损耗。 层流电子束中各电子主轨迹互相不交叉， 空间电荷效应小， 有利于形成更小的束斑， 提高注入激光芯片的能量密度。 因此本发明中发挥 了层流电子枪的优势。
本发明具有能消除激光散斑、 可控性好等优点。 上述设计的光源， 还可 用于背投式和正投式的光源。 另外， 本发明的电子枪采用了层流电子枪发射 电子束， 激光面板的电流密度具有比较均匀的分布， 平均了激光面板功耗， 降低了转化为热的能量。
所述阴极和所述激光面板可以分别加载正电压， 还包括一双驱动器调制 系统， 所述双驱动器调制系统分别连接阴极和 G1电极。双驱动器调制系统用 于调制阴极和 G1 电极响应控制信号， 通过双驱动器调制系统来调整阴极和 G1电极的电压， 最终实现高分辨率。
也可以在所述阴极加载负电压电源， 所述激光面板加载正电压电源， 所 述负电压电源和所述正电压电源串联， 且连接处接地。所述阴极加载 0〜- 20kv 的高负电压电源， 所述激光面板加载 0〜+20kv的高正电压电源。 上述设计后 的本发明中通过激光 CRT的高电压可被分割， 使负电位适用于阴极， 正电位 适用于阳极， 所以在激光面板上的总电位接近正电位与负电位的电势差。 所述电子束电流控制系统分别连接所述阴极和所述 G1电极。电子束电流 控制系统是用于控制电子枪中的阴极和其他电极， 来产生所需电子束， 电子 束在激光面板上扫描后产生所需的激光输出强度。 电子束电流控制系统通过 控制电子枪， 来调节和控制电流， 进而控制激光的输出强度。
本发明不需要快速调制电子束电流， 在阴极段只需加载一个恒定电压产 生电子束电流轰击激光面板从而生成激光光源， 不需要在阴极处使用昂贵的 调制电极。 因此电子束控制系统和电子枪的配置较为简化和便宜。 电子束电 流控制系统可以单独调整阴极或其他电极上控制电流的电压。 本发明通过电 子束电流控制系统来调节电子枪中电极的电压， 可以达到要求单位的恒定输 出。
所述层流电子枪的前方设有一聚焦偏转系统， 所述聚焦偏转系统的前方 设有所述激光面板；
所述聚焦偏转系统包括一设置在所述电子枪前方的聚焦线圈、 一设置在 所述聚焦线圈前方的偏转线圈， 所述偏转线圈的前方设有所述激光面板。 为 了保持层流电子束的层流性， 偏转线圈的偏转角度必须很小， 必须处于偏转 线圈的线性偏转区域。 通过聚焦线圈和偏转线圈在所述层流电子枪的前方构 成一聚焦功能和偏转功能一体的复合聚焦偏转透镜， 以适应层流电子束的层 流性容易受到破坏的缺点。
通过控制偏转线圈电流， 使层流电子束在激光芯片面逐行扫描， 整个激 光芯片面发出的激光尽量混合消去空间相干性。
所述真空管包括一漏斗形的玻璃罩， 所述玻璃罩的广角端设有所述激光 面板， 所述玻璃罩的另一端设有所述层流电子枪。 所述真空管还可以采用一 长管状真空管， 真空管和层流电子枪的结构设计可以根据实际应用而改变。
所述激光面板包括至少两个激光腔， 即至少两个激光芯片， 至少两个所 述激光腔沿厚度方向并行排列形成所述激光面板； 所述激光腔包括一增益介 质层、 两个反射层， 两个所述反射层分别设置在所述增益介质层的前方和后 方。
两个反射层分别为部分反射层和完全反射层， 所述部分反射层设置在所 述增益介质层的前方， 所述完全反射层设置在所述增益介质层的后方。 以便 光子在激光腔内多次激发。
本发明产生的激光光源可以是三种不同颜色并排的激光光源： 所述激光 面板包括至少两个激光腔， 至少两个所述激光腔产生的激光为三原色中的一 种， 至少两个所述激光腔沿厚度方向排列；
所述激光面板包括至少三排所述激光腔， 一排所述激光腔产生的激光颜 色相同， 一排所述激光腔与其相邻排的激光腔产生的激光颜色不同。 本发明 作为激光光源使用时， 产生的激光光源为三排不同颜色的激光光源。 将本发 明用于投影系统的光源时， 只要一个激光 CRT作为光源， 采用光学棱镜组将 三排不同颜色的激光光源进行合成， 合成为三色合成光即可。 这样能大大节 省激光 CRT的个数， 节省投影系统的整体成本。
本发明产生的激光光源也可以是三原混色的激光光源： 所述激光面板包 括至少两个激光腔， 至少两个所述激光腔产生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至 少两个所述激光腔沿厚度方向排列；
所述激光面板包括至少两排所述激光腔， 一激光腔与其相邻的激光腔发 出的激光颜色不同。 本发明作为激光光源使用时， 产生的激光光源为不同颜 色混合的三色合成光。用于投影系统的光源时，只要一个激光 CRT作为光源， 省去了需要三种不同颜色的光源， 通过光学棱镜组合成一束合成光的复杂结 构。这样能大大节省激光 CRT的个数， 投影系统的结构更简单、成本更低廉。
还包括一激光面板冷却系统， 所述激光面板冷却系统包括歧管、 热交换 系统、 冷却液， 所述冷却液设置在所述歧管内， 所述热交换系统连接所述歧 管的入口和出口， 所述歧管包括设置在所述激光面板周边的周边歧管。 冷却 液通过周边歧管流经整个激光面板周边， 激光面板被冷却， 冷却液温度上升， 升温的冷却液从出口离开周边歧管， 从而进入热交换系统， 进行冷却和冷却 液重新循环。
所述歧管还包括设置在所述激光面板上的面板歧管， 所述面板歧管设置 在相邻两个所述激光腔之间；
相邻两排所述激光腔之间设有所述面板歧管， 所述面板歧管纵横交错的 设置在所述激光面板上。 在激光面板上也设有歧管后， 能更好、 更均匀的对 激光面板进行冷却。
所述冷却液采用绝缘、 透明的冷却液。 以便激光面板冷却系统隔离高电 压， 省去了其他电隔离系统的设置。 所述冷却液可以采用介质冷却液， 如 3M 公司制造的 Fluorinert, 也可以采用全氟液体或其他非导电流体。
所述激光面板冷却系统可以设置至少两条歧管， 至少两条所述歧管相互 联通， 至少两条所述歧管中的至少一条连接所述热交换系统。 以便更加有效 均匀的冷却激光面板。
投影系统， 包括光源系统、 光学棱镜组、 投影光学系统， 所述光源系统 包括三个用于产生激光的激光 CRT, 三个所述激光 CRT产生的激光光源颜色 分别为三原色中的一种， 三个所述激光 CRT产生的激光分别通过光学棱镜组 形成一束三色合成光。
本发明将激光 CRT光源作为投影系统的光源， 具有能消除激光散斑、 可 控性好等优点。
所述光学棱镜组可以采用一 X棱镜， 三个所述激光 CRT产生的激光分别 通过所述 X棱镜的合色形成三色合成光。
所述投影光学系统还包括一光束整形器， 所述光束整形器为一复眼透镜， 所述复眼透镜的表面有以矩阵形式排列的透镜体， 所述光束整形器位于投影 光源与物镜之间。 以使所述光源系统射出的光束发散， 并转换成光调制器的 有效区域的形状。
还包括三个光调制器 （SLM), 所述光调制器设置在沿所述激光 CRT 到 所述光学棱镜组之间的光路上。
投影系统， 包括光源系统、 光学棱镜组、 投影光学系统， 所述光源系统 包括一个用于产生三原色激光的激光 CRT, 所述激光 CRT产生的三原色激光 通过所述光学棱镜组形成一束三色合成光；
所述激光 CRT的激光面板包括至少两个激光腔， 至少两个所述激光腔产 生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至少两个所述激光腔沿厚度方向排列；
所述激光面板包括至少三排所述激光腔， 一排所述激光腔产生的激光颜 色相同， 一排所述激光腔与其相邻排的激光腔产生的激光颜色不同。
本发明将激光 CRT光源作为投影系统的光源， 产生的激光光源为三排不 同颜色的激光光源。 因此本发明只要一个激光 CRT作为光源， 采用光学棱镜 组将三排不同颜色的激光光源进行合成， 合成为三色合成光即可。 这样能大 大节省激光 CRT的个数， 节省投影系统的整体成本。
投影系统， 包括光源系统、 投影光学系统， 所述光源系统包括一个用于 产生激光的激光 CRT, 所述激光 CRT的激光面板包括至少两个激光腔， 至少 两个所述激光腔产生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至少两个所述激光腔沿厚度 方向排列；
所述激光面板包括至少两排所述激光腔， 一激光腔与其相邻的激光腔发 出的激光颜色不同。
本发明将激光 CRT光源作为投影系统的光源， 产生的激光光源为不同颜 色混合的三色合成光。用于投影系统的光源时，只要一个激光 CRT作为光源， 省去了需要三种不同颜色的光源， 通过光学棱镜组合成一束合成光的复杂结 构。这样能大大节省激光 CRT的个数， 投影系统的结构更简单、成本更低廉。
还包括一光学棱镜组， 所述光学棱镜组设置在所述激光 CRT的激光出射 面的前方。 本发明的激光 CRT发出的激光已经为三色合成光。 为了进一歩将 三原色进行混色，在激光 CRT的前方设有光学棱镜组后， 能更好的实现混色， 使投影系统的颜色更加均匀稳定。
还包括一激光面板冷却系统， 所述激光面板冷却系统包括歧管、 热交换 系统、 冷却液， 所述冷却液设置在所述歧管内， 所述热交换系统连接所述歧 管的入口和出口， 所述歧管包括设置在所述激光面板周边的周边歧管。 冷却 液通过周边歧管流经整个激光面板周边， 激光面板被冷却， 冷却液温度上升。 升温的冷却液从出口离开周边歧管， 从而进入热交换系统， 进行冷却和冷却 液重新循环。
所述歧管还包括设置在所述激光面板上的面板歧管， 所述面板歧管设置 在相邻两个所述激光腔之间；
相邻两排所述激光腔之间设有所述面板歧管， 所述面板歧管纵横交错的 设置在所述激光面板上。 在激光面板上也设有歧管后， 能更好、 更均匀的对 激光面板进行冷却。
还包括一风机， 激光面板与光调制器之间设有密闭空腔， 所述风机的进 风口和出风口均设置在所述密闭空间内， 通过风机驱动所述密闭空间内的空 气流动， 以便带走激光面板以及光调制器上的热量。 因为是空气内部循环所 以不会将外界的粉尘带入到激光面板和光调制器上。
所述激光面板与所述光调制器之间设有光学棱镜组， 也可以是在所述激 光面板与光学棱镜组的光学元件间形成一密闭空腔， 风机的进风口和出风口 均设置在所述密闭空间内， 通过风机驱动所述密闭空间内的空气流动， 以便 带走激光面板上的热量。
所述风机位于所述密闭空腔外部， 通过气流导管分别与所述进风口和出 风口连接。 以避免占用所述密封腔内的空间。
所述密闭空间由一金属壳包围， 并利用金属壳散热。 所述金属壳内侧设 有深入到密闭空间内的内散热片， 所述金属壳外侧设有与外界空气接触的外 散热片。 还设有一风扇， 促使外界空气流经所述金属壳外侧的外散热片。 以 提高散热效果。
有益效果： 由于采用上述技术方案， 本发明产生的激光光源， 具有能消 除激光散斑、 可控性好等优点。 电子枪采用了层流电子枪发射电子束， 激光 面板的电流密度具有比较均匀的分布， 平均了激光面板功耗， 降低了转化为 热的能量。 附图说明
图 1为本发明激光 CRT的一种结构示意图；
图 2为本发明激光 CRT的另一种结构示意图；
图 3为本发明激光面板的一种结构示意图；
图 4为本发明激光面板的另一种结构示意图；
图 5为本发明采用三个激光 CRT时投影系统的一种结构示意图； 图 6为本发明采用三个激光 CRT时投影系统的另一种结构示意图； 图 7为本发明采用一个激光 CRT时投影系统的一种结构示意图； 图 8为本发明采用一个激光 CRT时投影系统的另一种结构示意图。 具体实施方式 为了使本发明实现的技术手段、 创作特征、 达成目的与功效易于明白了 解， 下面结合具体图示进一歩阐述本发明。
参照图 1、 图 2， 基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 包括真空管， 真 空管包括漏斗形的玻璃罩 11， 玻璃罩 11 的广角端设有激光面板 12， 玻璃罩 11的另一端设有电子枪， 电子枪采用层流电子枪 13。真空管和层流电子枪 13 的结构设计可以根据实际应用而改变。 真空管还可以采用一长管状真空管。
层流电子枪 13包括一阴极 131、 一 G1电极 132、 一控制电极 133， 控制 电极 133连接一电子束电流控制系统 14。本发明的电子枪能发出高速电子束， 足够强度的电子束射入激光面板 12上的激光腔后， 就会产生激光效应， 进而 产生激光。 激光腔采用激光芯片。
因为层流电子枪 13发射的电子束是层流电子束， 所以具有亮度更强， 去 除相干性更好等优点。 层流电子枪应用于普通成像 CRT显示器中， 因其层流 性容易受到破坏， 扫描范围小， 所适用激光芯片面积较小， 很难用作显示的 应用。 而本发明中将层流电子枪 13应用于激发的激光光源， 则规避了层流电 子枪 13的劣势。
在本发明中， 层流电子枪 13产生的是层流电子束， 层流电子束在激光面 板 12表面的电流密度有比较均匀分布， 较使用交叉枪提高了能量利用率， 降 低了激光芯片损耗。 层流电子束中各电子主轨迹互相不交叉， 空间电荷效应 小， 有利于形成更小的束斑， 提高注入激光面板 12的能量密度。 因此本发明 中发挥了层流电子枪的优势。
通过电子束电流控制系统 14的控制，控制电极 133用来控制电子束电流， 进而改变电流强度。 控制电极 133处的电压决定了激光面板 12前方外界屏幕 6的亮度。 本发明具有能消除激光散斑、 可控性好等优点。 上述设计的光源， 还可用于背投式和正投式的光源。 另外， 本发明的电子枪采用了层流电子枪 发射电子束， 激光面板 12的电流密度具有比较均匀的分布， 平均了激光面板 12功耗， 降低了转化为热的能量。
参照图 1， 可以在阴极 131和激光面板 12分别加载正电压。 还包括一双 驱动器调制系统 3， 双驱动器调制系统 3分别连接阴极和 G1电极 132。 双驱 动器调制系统 3用于调制阴极 131和 G1电极 132响应控制信号，通过双驱动 器调制系统 3来调整阴极 131和 G1电极 132的电压， 最终实现高分辨率。 参照图 2， 也可以在阴极 131加载负电压电源， 激光面板 12加载正电压 电源， 负电压电源和正电压电源串联， 且连接处接地。 阴极 131 优选加载 0〜- 20kv的高负电压电源， 激光面板 12优选加载 0〜+20kv的高正电压电源。 本发明中通过激光 CRT的高电压可被分割， 使负电位适用于阴极 131， 正电 位适用于阳极，所以在激光面板 12上的总电位接近正电位与负电位的电势差。 电子束电流控制系统 14分别连接阴极 131和 G1 电极 132。 电子束电流控制 系统 14是用于控制电子枪中的阴极 131和其他电极， 来产生所需电子束， 电 子束在激光面板 12上扫描后产生所需的激光输出强度。 电子束电流控制系统 14通过控制电子枪， 来调节和控制电流， 进而控制激光的输出强度。 在本发 明不需要快速调制电子束电流， 在阴极 131 段只需加载一个恒定电压产生电 子束电流轰击激光面板 12从而生成激光光源， 不需要在阴极 131处使用昂贵 的调制电极。 因此电子束控制系统和电子枪的配置较为简化和便宜。 电子束 电流控制系统 14可以单独调整阴极 131或其他电极上控制电流的电压。 本发 明通过电子束电流控制系统 14来调节电子枪中电极的电压， 可以达到要求单 位的恒定输出。
参照图 1、 图 2， 层流电子枪 13的前方设有一聚焦偏转系统， 聚焦偏转 系统的前方设有激光面板 12。 聚焦偏转系统包括一设置在电子枪前方的聚焦 线圈 135、 一设置在聚焦线圈 135前方的偏转线圈 136， 偏转线圈 136的前方 设有激光面板 12。 为了保持电子束的层流性， 偏转线圈 136的偏转角度必须 很小， 必须处于偏转线圈 136的线性偏转区域。
通过聚焦线圈 135和偏转线圈 136在层流电子枪 13的前方构成一聚焦功 能和偏转功能一体的复合聚焦偏转透镜， 以适应层流电子束的层流性容易受 到破坏的缺点。 通过控制偏转线圈 136 的电流， 使层流电子束在芯片， 即激 光面板 12面逐行扫描， 整个芯片面发出的激光混合消去空间相干性。
也可以将偏转线圈 136设置在内圈， 外套设聚焦线圈 135， 从而将偏转线 圈 136与聚焦线圈 135复合设置， 以改善性能。
电子枪还可以包括一 G3电极 134， 控制电极 133作为 G2电极， G1电极 132设置在阴极 131与 G2电极之间， G1电极 132加载有负电压。 G3电极 134 设置在 G2电极与聚焦线圈 135之间。
激光面板 12包括至少两个激光腔， 至少两个激光腔沿厚度方向并行排列 形成激光面板 12。 激光腔包括一增益介质层、 两个反射层， 两个反射层分别 设置在增益介质层的前方和后方。 两个反射层分别为部分反射层和完全反射 层， 部分反射层设置在增益介质层的前方， 完全反射层设置在增益介质层的 后方。 以便光子在激光腔内多次激发。
参照图 3， 本发明产生的激光光源可以是三种不同颜色并排的激光光源： 激光面板 12包括至少两个激光腔 121， 至少两个激光腔 121产生的激光为三 原色中的一种， 至少两个激光腔 121沿厚度方向并行排列。 激光面板 12包括 至少三排激光腔 121， 一排激光腔 121产生的激光颜色相同， 一排激光腔 121 与其相邻排的激光腔 121产生的激光颜色不同。 本发明作为激光光源使用时， 产生的激光光源为三排不同颜色的激光光源。 将本发明用于投影系统的光源 时， 只要一个激光 CRT作为光源， 采用光学棱镜组将三排不同颜色的激光光 源进行合成， 合成为三色合成光即可。 这样能大大节省激光 CRT的个数， 节 省投影系统的整体成本。
参照图 4， 本发明产生的激光光源也可以是三原混色的激光光源： 激光面 板 12包括至少两个激光腔 121， 至少两个激光腔 121产生的激光为三原色中 的一种， 至少两个激光腔 121沿厚度方向并行排列。 激光面板 12包括至少两 排激光腔 121，一激光腔 121与其相邻的激光腔 121发出的激光颜色不同。本 发明作为激光光源使用时， 产生的激光光源为不同颜色混合的三色合成光。 用于投影系统的光源时， 只要一个激光 CRT作为光源， 省去了需要三种不同 颜色的光源， 通过光学棱镜组合成一束合成光的复杂结构。 这样能大大节省 激光 CRT的个数， 投影系统的结构更简单、 成本更低廉。
参照图 5、 图 6， 投影系统， 包括光源系统、 光学棱镜组 4、 投影光学系 统 5， 投影光学系统 5的前方设有屏幕 6。 光源系统包括三个用于产生激光的 激光 CRT1 , 三个激光 CRT1产生的激光光源颜色分别为三原色中的一种， 三 个激光 CRT1产生的激光分别通过光学棱镜组 4形成一束三色合成光。将激光 CRT1光源作为投影系统的光源， 具有能消除激光散斑、 可控性好等优点。
光学棱镜组 4可以采用一 X棱镜， 三个激光 CRT1产生的激光分别通过 X棱镜的合色形成三色合成光。 投影光学系统 5还包括一光束整形器， 光束 整形器为一复眼透镜， 复眼透镜的表面有以矩阵形式排列的透镜体， 光束整 形器位于投影光源与物镜之间。 以使光源系统射出的光束发散， 并转换成光 调制器的有效区域的形状。
参照图 6， 还包括三个光调制器 7， 光调制器 7设置在沿激光 CRT1到光 学棱镜组 4之间的光路上。 光调制器 7可以采用硅基液晶 （LCOS)。 光调制 器 7也可以采用光栅光阀 （GLV) 或者数字微反射镜 （DMD)。 以减小体积， 降低能耗。
参照图 7， 投影系统， 包括光源系统、 光学棱镜组 4、 投影光学系统 5。 光源系统包括一个用于产生三原色激光的激光 CRT1 , 激光 CRT1产生的三原 色激光通过光学棱镜组 4形成一束三色合成光。
参照图 3， 激光面板 12包括至少两个激光腔 121， 至少两个激光腔 121 产生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至少两个激光腔 121 沿厚度方向并行排列。 激光面板 12包括至少三排激光腔 121，一排激光腔 121产生的激光颜色相同， 一排激光腔 121与其相邻排的激光腔 121产生的激光颜色不同。 本发明将激 光 CRT1光源作为投影系统的光源，产生的激光光源为三排不同颜色的激光光 源。因此本发明只要一个激光 CRT1作为光源，采用光学棱镜组 4将三排不同 颜色的激光光源进行合成，合成为三色合成光即可。这样能大大节省激光 CRT 的个数， 节省投影系统的整体成本。
参照图 8， 投影系统， 包括光源系统、 投影光学系统 5， 光源系统包括一 个用于产生激光的激光 CRT1。
参照图 4， 激光面板 12包括至少两个激光腔 121， 至少两个激光腔 121 产生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至少两个激光腔 121 沿厚度方向并行排列； 激光面板 12包括至少两排激光腔 121， 一激光腔 121与其相邻的激光腔 121 产生的激光颜色不同。 本发明将激光 CRT光源作为投影系统的光源， 产生的 激光光源为不同颜色混合的三色合成光。 用于投影系统的光源时， 只要一个 激光 CRT作为光源， 省去了需要三种不同颜色的光源， 通过光学棱镜组 4合 成一束合成光的复杂结构。 这样能大大节省激光 CRT的个数， 投影系统的结 构更简单、 成本更低廉。 还包括一光学棱镜组 4， 光学棱镜组 4设置在激光 CRT的激光出射面的 前方。 本发明的激光 CRT发出的激光已经为三色合成光。 为了进一歩将三原 色进行混色， 在激光 CRT的前方设有光学棱镜组 4后， 能更好的实现混色， 使投影系统的颜色更加均匀稳定。
参照图 1， 还包括一面板冷却系统， 面板冷却系统包括歧管、 热交换系统 22、 冷却液， 冷却液设置在歧管内， 热交换系统 22连接歧管的入口和出口， 歧管包括设置在应激面板周边的周边歧管 21。 冷却液通过歧管流经整个激光 面板 12周边， 激光面板 12被冷却， 冷却液温度上升， 升温的冷却液从出口 离开歧管， 从而进入热交换系统 22， 进行冷却和冷却液重新循环。
参照图 3、 图 4， 歧管还包括设置在激光面板 12上的面板歧管 23， 面板 歧管 23设置在相邻两个激光腔 121之间。 相邻两排激光腔 121之间设有面板 歧管 23， 面板歧管 23纵横交错的设置在激光面板 12上。在激光面板 12上也 设有歧管后， 能更好、 更均匀的对激光面板 12进行冷却。
歧管包括至少两条， 至少两条歧管相互联通， 至少两条歧管中的至少一 条连接热交换系统 22。 以便更加有效均匀的冷却激光面板 12。 周边歧管 21 和面板歧管 23优选相互联通。 冷却液采用绝缘、 透明的冷却液。 以便面板冷 却系统隔离高电压， 省去了其他电隔离系统的设置。 冷却液可以采用介质冷 却液， 如 3M公司制造的 Fluorinert, 也可以采用全氟液体或其他非导电流体。
基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT还包括一风机，激光面板 12与光调 制器 7之间设有密闭空腔， 风机的进风口和出风口均设置在密闭空间内， 通 过风机驱动密闭空间内的空气流动， 以便带走激光面板 12以及光调制器 7上 的热量。 因为是空气内部循环所以不会将外界的粉尘带入到激光面板 12和光 调制器 7上。 风机位于密闭空腔外部， 通过气流导管分别与进风口和出风口 连接。 以避免占用密封腔内的空间。
激光面板 12与光调制器 7之间设有光学棱镜组 4， 也可以是在激光面板 12与光学棱镜组 4的光学元件间形成一密闭空腔， 风机的进风口和出风口均 设置在密闭空间内， 通过风机驱动密闭空间内的空气流动， 以便带走激光面 板 12上的热量。
密闭空间由一金属壳包围， 并利用金属壳散热。 金属壳内侧设有深入到 密闭空间内的内散热片， 金属壳外侧设有与外界空气接触的外散热片。 还设 有一风扇， 促使外界空气流经金属壳外侧的外散热片。 以提高散热效果。
实施方式一： 参照图 5， 三个激光 CRT1分别提供红色、 绿色和蓝色激光 光源。每个激光 CRT1都有一个电子束电流控制系统 14来控制控制电极 133， 再通过适当的 X棱镜将每个激光 CRT1产生的激光光源进行耦合整形， 经过 光学投影系统 5再投射到屏幕 6上， 形成全彩图像。 为了达到理想投影图像 的色平衡，每个激光 CRT1的控制电极 133都可以单独通过电子束电流控制系 统 14进行控制。 这种调整可以采用手工完成， 如让使用者单独控制每个激光 CRTl o也可以通过感应器来自动反馈， 以便电子束电流控制系统 14自动调节 期望的色平衡。
实施方式二： 参照图 6， 三个激光 CRT1分别提供红色、 绿色和蓝色激光 光源。 三个激光 CRT1分别通过光调制器 Ί进行调制后， 再通过适当的 X棱 镜耦合整形， 经过光学投影系统 5再投射到屏幕 6上， 形成全彩图像。 为了 达到理想投影图像的色平衡，每个激光 CRT1都可以单独通过电子束电流控制 系统 14进行调整。 这种调整可以采用手工完成， 如让使用者单独控制每个激 光 CRT1。 也可以通过感应器来自动反馈， 以便电子束电流控制系统 14 自动 调节期望的色平衡。
实施方式三：参照图 7，投影系统只采用一个激光 CRT1 ,—个激光 CRT1 能产生三束并排的激光光源， 三束激光光源分别为三原色中的一种。 三束激 光光源通过光学棱镜组 4 的组合形成一束三色合成光。 上述设计有效节省了 激光 CRT的个数，减少了投影系统的空间和成本。采用图 7所示的激光 CRT1 时，激光 CRT1应具有如下设计：参照图 3，激光面板 12设有三排激光腔 121， 第一排激光腔 121采用三原色中的红色激光腔， 标记为 R。第二排激光腔 121 采用三原色中的绿色激光腔， 标记为 G。 第三排激光腔 121采用三原色中的 蓝色激光腔， 标记为 B。 相邻两个激光腔 121之间设有面板歧管 23， 在激光 面板 12的周围设有周边歧管 21， 周边歧管 21和面板歧管 23相互联通， 并与 热交换系统 22连接。上述设计后的激光 CRT能发出三排不同颜色的激光光源。
实施方式四： 参照图 8， 投影系统只采用一个激光 CRT1 , 与实施方式三 的区别在于， 一个激光 CRT能产生合成的光束， 还省去了光学棱镜。 采用图 8所示的激光 CRTl时， 激光 CRTl应具有如下设计： 参照图 4， 激光面板 12 设有至少两排激光腔 121，第一排激光腔 121采用三原色中的红色激光腔和绿 色激光腔， 分别标记为 R和 G; 第二排激光腔采用三原色中的绿色激光腔和 蓝色激光腔，分别标记为 G和 B。相邻两个激光腔 121之间设有面板歧管 23， 在激光面板 12的周围设有周边歧管 21，周边歧管 21和面板歧管 23相互联通， 并与热交换系统 22连接。 上述设计后的激光 CRT能发出三色混合的合成光。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征 '和本发明的优点。 本行 业的技术人员应该了解， 本发明不受上述实施例的限制， 上述实施例和说明 书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理， 在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下， 本发明还会有各种变化和改进， 这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范 围内。 本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 包括一真空管， 所述真空管的 一端设有一激光面板， 所述真空管的另一端设有电子枪， 其特征在于， 所述 电子枪采用一层流电子枪， 所述层流电子枪包括一阴极、 一 G1电极、 一控制 电极， 所述控制电极连接一电子束电流控制系统。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特征 在于： 所述阴极和所述激光面板分别加载正电压， 还包括一双驱动器调制系 统， 所述双驱动器调制系统分别连接阴极和 G1电极。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特征 在于： 所述阴极加载负电压电源， 所述激光面板加载正电压电源， 所述负电 压电源和所述正电压电源串联， 且连接处接地。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特征 在于： 所述阴极加载 0〜- 20kv 的高负电压电源， 所述激光面板加载 0〜+20kv 的高正电压电源。
5. 根据权利要求 3所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特征 在于： 所述电子束电流控制系统分别连接所述阴极和所述 G1电极。
6. 根据权利要求 1至 5中任意一项所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激 光 CRT, 其特征在于： 所述层流电子枪的前方设有一聚焦偏转系统， 所述聚 焦偏转系统的前方设有所述激光面板；
所述聚焦偏转系统包括一设置在所述电子枪前方的聚焦线圈、 一设置在 所述聚焦线圈前方的偏转线圈， 所述偏转线圈的前方设有所述激光面板。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特征 在于： 所述真空管包括一漏斗形的玻璃罩， 所述玻璃罩的广角端设有所述激 光面板， 所述玻璃罩的另一端设有所述层流电子枪。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特征 在于： 所述真空管采用一长管状真空管， 所述真空管的前端设有所述激光面 板， 所述真空管的后端设有所述层流电子枪。
9. 根据权利要求 1至 5中任意一项所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激 光 CRT, 其特征在于： 所述激光面板包括至少两个激光腔， 即至少两个激光 芯片， 至少两个所述激光腔沿厚度方向并行排列形成所述激光面板； 所述激 光腔包括一增益介质层、 两个反射层， 两个所述反射层分别设置在所述增益 介质层的前方和后方。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT,其特征 在于： 两个反射层分别为部分反射层和完全反射层， 所述部分反射层设置在 所述增益介质层的前方， 所述完全反射层设置在所述增益介质层的后方。
11. 根据权利要求 9所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT,其特征 在于： 至少两个所述激光腔产生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至少两个所述激 光腔沿厚度方向并行排列；
所述激光面板包括至少三排所述激光腔， 一排所述激光腔产生的激光颜 色相同， 一排所述激光腔与其相邻排的激光腔产生的激光颜色不同。
12. 根据权利要求 9所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT,其特征 在于： 至少两个所述激光腔产生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至少两个所述激 光腔沿厚度方向并行排列；
所述激光面板包括至少两排所述激光腔， 一激光腔与其相邻的激光腔发 出的激光颜色不同。
13. 根据权利要求 9所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT,其特征 在于： 还包括一激光面板冷却系统， 所述激光面板冷却系统包括歧管、 热交 换系统、 冷却液， 所述冷却液设置在所述歧管内， 所述热交换系统连接所述 歧管的入口和出口， 所述歧管包括设置在所述激光面板周边的周边歧管； 所述歧管还包括设置在所述激光面板上的面板歧管， 所述面板歧管设置 在相邻两个所述激光腔之间； 相邻两排所述激光腔之间设有所述面板歧管， 所述面板歧管纵横交错的设置在所述激光面板上。
14. 根据权利要求 9所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT,其特征 在于： 还包括一风机， 激光面板与光调制器之间设有密闭空腔， 所述风机的 进风口和出风口均设置在所述密闭空间内， 通过风机驱动所述密闭空间内的 空气流动， 以便带走激光面板以及光调制器上的热量。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特 征在于： 所述风机位于所述密闭空腔外部， 通过气流导管分别与所述进风口 和出风口连接。
16. 根据权利要求 13所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特 征在于： 还包括一风机， 所述激光面板与所述光调制器之间设有光学棱镜组， 在所述激光面板与光学棱镜组的光学元件间形成一密闭空腔， 风机的进风口 和出风口均设置在所述密闭空间内， 通过风机驱动所述密闭空间内的空气流 动， 以便带走激光面板上的热量， 所述风机位于所述密闭空腔外部， 通过气 流导管分别与所述进风口和出风口连接。
17. 根据权利要求 14所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特 征在于： 所述密闭空间由一金属壳包围， 并利用金属壳散热。
18. 根据权利要求 17所述的基于层流电子枪的低功耗型激光 CRT, 其特 征在于： 所述金属壳内侧设有深入到密闭空间内的内散热片， 所述金属壳外 侧设有与外界空气接触的外散热片； 还设有一风扇， 促使外界空气流经所述 金属壳外侧的外散热片。
19. 投影系统， 包括光源系统、 光学棱镜组、 投影光学系统， 所述光源系 统包括三个根据权利要求 1所述的激光 CRT,其特征在于，三个所述激光 CRT 产生的激光光源颜色分别为三原色中的一种， 三个所述激光 CRT产生的激光 分别通过光学棱镜组形成一束三色合成光。
20. 投影系统， 包括光源系统、 投影光学系统、所述光源系统包括一个根 据权利要求 1所述的激光 CRT, 其特征在于， 所述激光 CRT的激光面板包括 至少两个激光腔， 至少两个所述激光腔产生的激光为三原色中的一种， 至少 两个所述激光腔沿厚度方向排列；
所述激光面板包括至少两排所述激光腔， 一激光腔与其相邻的激光腔发 出的激光颜色不同。
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