US3550213A - High strength hot-press die - Google Patents

High strength hot-press die Download PDF

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Publication number
US3550213A
US3550213A US789040A US3550213DA US3550213A US 3550213 A US3550213 A US 3550213A US 789040 A US789040 A US 789040A US 3550213D A US3550213D A US 3550213DA US 3550213 A US3550213 A US 3550213A
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United States
Prior art keywords
die
high strength
graphite
strength hot
press die
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Expired - Lifetime
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US789040A
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Phillip A Ormsby
Ethbert C Thompson
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US Department of Army
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US Department of Army
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
    • C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/025—Hot pressing, e.g. of ceramic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B30B15/022—Moulds for compacting material in powder, granular of pasta form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/19—Inorganic fiber

Definitions

  • the high strength graphite fiber is filament wound on the conventional graphite inner die, and by the use of polymeric binders that will convert to carbon or graphite during bake out cycles, the fibers can be wrapped with suificient tension to induce a compressional load into the inner die wall. This prestress condition will have to be overcome during actual pressing operations before tensional failure can occur in the die wall.
  • This invention is in the field of dies for hot-pressing ceramics or other high temperature mateirals.
  • a problem with the hot-press dies currently in use is that the die wall tensile strength limits the compressive loads that can be used in pressing operations.
  • a conventional graphite die wall is limited by its hoop tensile strength to approximately 4,000 p.s.i., with a compressive strength capability of approximately 15,000 to 18,000 psi, for the die plungers.
  • the figure shows a high strength hot-press die including a conventional graphite internal die 1.
  • Reference numeral Patented Dec. 29, 1970 2 indicates the high strength graphite fibers such as Thornel fibers.
  • the fibers are wound around die 1 and caused to adher to the die by using appropriate polymeric binders, such as pre-polymerized furfural alcohol resin or acenapthylene resin that will convert to carbon or graphite during special high temperature (1000-2500" C.) bake out cycles.
  • the fibers are wrapped around die 1 with sufficient tension (3 to 5 lbs/ply) to induce a compressional pre-load into the die wall.
  • Numeral 3 shows the laminated graphite cloth composite plungers.
  • the tensile strength of the die wall has been increased to over 50,000 p.s.i. (from nominal 4,000 p.s.i.) and the compressive strength of the plungers accordingly has been increased to over 40,000 p.s.i. (from nominal 18,000 p.s.i.). These strength increases result in improvement of maximum operating pressures of up to 800 percent over the conventional non-reinforced solid graphite dies.
  • a high strength hot-press die comprising an inner graphite die encased by a high strength graphite fiber wound around the inner die and bound thereto by a binder.
  • a method of producing a high strength hot-press die which method comprises: wrapping high strength graphite fibers around an inner graphite die; inducing a compressional pre-load into the die wall and bonding the fibers to the die wall.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

ec.29,19? P. A. ORMSBY ET AL HIGH STRENGTH HOT-PRESS DIE Filed Dec. 31, 1968 Phillip A. Ormsby Eflwberi C. Thompsonm,
INVENTORS.
United States Patent O 3,550,213 HIGH STRENGTH HOT-PRESS DIE Phillip A. Orrnsby, Huntsville, and Ethbert C. Thompson III, Redstone Arsenal, Ala., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army Filed Dec. 31, 1968, Ser. No. 789,040 Int. Cl. B29c 1/02 U.S. CI. 1847 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A high strength hot-press die composed of a conventional graphite inner die encased by a filament wound high strength graphite fiber. The high strength graphite fiber is filament wound on the conventional graphite inner die, and by the use of polymeric binders that will convert to carbon or graphite during bake out cycles, the fibers can be wrapped with suificient tension to induce a compressional load into the inner die wall. This prestress condition will have to be overcome during actual pressing operations before tensional failure can occur in the die wall.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention is in the field of dies for hot-pressing ceramics or other high temperature mateirals. A problem with the hot-press dies currently in use is that the die wall tensile strength limits the compressive loads that can be used in pressing operations. A conventional graphite die wall is limited by its hoop tensile strength to approximately 4,000 p.s.i., with a compressive strength capability of approximately 15,000 to 18,000 psi, for the die plungers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The single figure shown in the drawing is a perspective View of the die and plungers.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The figure shows a high strength hot-press die including a conventional graphite internal die 1. Reference numeral Patented Dec. 29, 1970 2 indicates the high strength graphite fibers such as Thornel fibers. The fibers are wound around die 1 and caused to adher to the die by using appropriate polymeric binders, such as pre-polymerized furfural alcohol resin or acenapthylene resin that will convert to carbon or graphite during special high temperature (1000-2500" C.) bake out cycles. The fibers are wrapped around die 1 with sufficient tension (3 to 5 lbs/ply) to induce a compressional pre-load into the die wall. This prestress condition will have to be overcome during any actual pressing operations with the composite die before any tensional failure can occur in the die wall. The relative high tensile strength of the fibers will also provide significant structural support to the die wall. Numeral 3 shows the laminated graphite cloth composite plungers. Through the use of this special composite graphite die the tensile strength of the die wall has been increased to over 50,000 p.s.i. (from nominal 4,000 p.s.i.) and the compressive strength of the plungers accordingly has been increased to over 40,000 p.s.i. (from nominal 18,000 p.s.i.). These strength increases result in improvement of maximum operating pressures of up to 800 percent over the conventional non-reinforced solid graphite dies.
We claim:
1. A high strength hot-press die comprising an inner graphite die encased by a high strength graphite fiber wound around the inner die and bound thereto by a binder.
2. A die as set forth in claim 1 wherein said graphite fiber is tensionally wound to induce a compressional preload into the die wall.
3. A die as set forth in claim 2 in combination with laminated graphite cloth composite plungers.
4. A die as set forth in claim 2 wherein said binder is pre-polymerized furfural alcohol resin.
5. A die as set forth in claim 2 wherein said binder is acenapthylene pitch.
6. A method of producing a high strength hot-press die which method comprises: wrapping high strength graphite fibers around an inner graphite die; inducing a compressional pre-load into the die wall and bonding the fibers to the die wall. f
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,177,084 4/ 1965 Amstein 18-47X JAMES M. MEISTER, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R.
Notice of Adverse Decision in Interference In Interference No. 98,256 involving Patent No. 3,550,213, P. A. Ormsby and E. C. Thompson, HIGH STRENGTH HOT-PRESS DIE, final jud ment adverse to the patentees was rendered May 16, 1974, as to claims 1, 2 an 6.
[Ofiioz'al Gazette 0 f September 24,1974]
US789040A 1968-12-31 1968-12-31 High strength hot-press die Expired - Lifetime US3550213A (en)

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US78904068A 1968-12-31 1968-12-31

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2488244A1 (en) * 1980-08-06 1982-02-12 Toho Beslon Co PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A CARBON-BASED COMPOSITE MATERIAL REINFORCED WITH CARBON FIBERS AND COMPOSITE MATERIAL OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS
US4409048A (en) * 1975-03-10 1983-10-11 Hitco High temperature consolidation process
EP0283544A1 (en) * 1987-03-27 1988-09-28 Ringsdorff-Werke GmbH Pressure-sintering mould made of graphite
FR2624111A1 (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-06-09 Fiber Materials METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A HOLLOW COMPOSITE OBJECT COMPRISING A SYMMETRY AXIS, AND OBJECT MANUFACTURED ACCORDING TO SAID METHOD
EP0349245A2 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-03 Kanto Yakin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method for the manufacture of carbon fibre reinforced materials
US6248271B1 (en) 1999-12-16 2001-06-19 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Method of making an insert for use in a mold for molding roof covering products
US20040096535A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Hudecek Robert W. Compression molding apparatus having replaceable mold inserts
US20040107722A1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2004-06-10 Tage Petersen Ice cream freezer

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4409048A (en) * 1975-03-10 1983-10-11 Hitco High temperature consolidation process
FR2488244A1 (en) * 1980-08-06 1982-02-12 Toho Beslon Co PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A CARBON-BASED COMPOSITE MATERIAL REINFORCED WITH CARBON FIBERS AND COMPOSITE MATERIAL OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS
EP0283544A1 (en) * 1987-03-27 1988-09-28 Ringsdorff-Werke GmbH Pressure-sintering mould made of graphite
FR2624111A1 (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-06-09 Fiber Materials METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A HOLLOW COMPOSITE OBJECT COMPRISING A SYMMETRY AXIS, AND OBJECT MANUFACTURED ACCORDING TO SAID METHOD
EP0349245A2 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-03 Kanto Yakin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method for the manufacture of carbon fibre reinforced materials
EP0349245A3 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-09-26 Kanto Yakin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method for the manufacture of carbon fibre reinforced materials
US6248271B1 (en) 1999-12-16 2001-06-19 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Method of making an insert for use in a mold for molding roof covering products
US20040107722A1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2004-06-10 Tage Petersen Ice cream freezer
US20040096535A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Hudecek Robert W. Compression molding apparatus having replaceable mold inserts

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