US3539192A - Plasma-coated piston rings - Google Patents
Plasma-coated piston rings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3539192A US3539192A US696645A US3539192DA US3539192A US 3539192 A US3539192 A US 3539192A US 696645 A US696645 A US 696645A US 3539192D A US3539192D A US 3539192DA US 3539192 A US3539192 A US 3539192A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- rings
- alloy
- piston
- carbide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/12—Details
- F16J9/22—Rings for preventing wear of grooves or like seatings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12146—Nonmetal particles in a component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12458—All metal or with adjacent metals having composition, density, or hardness gradient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
Definitions
- the alloy is composed of refractory metal carbides such as tungsten carbide in solid solution with another metal, such as cobalt, to provide a hard wear phase with the carbide particles relatively free from sharp edges and corners and a somewhat softer matrix phase composed of metals such as nickel, chromium, boron and aluminum.
- the coating is very hard and refractory, possesses a higher tensile strength than heretofore used piston ring facings, does not scuff, has improved abrasive wear resistance, and operates compatibly with the engine cylinders.
- the carbides in the coating will not pull out in operation of the ring because they are in solid solution and do not have a sharp particulate form.
- the nickel, chromium and boron in the alloy provide binders improving the mechanical strength of the coating and the hardness of the matrix.
- Piston rings including compression rings and oil control' rings, coated with hard-facing metal with good scuff-resisting properties are disclosed in the following U.S. Pats. to Roy D. Anderson, No. 2,905,512, issued Sept 22, "1959; Melvin W. Marien, No. 3,133,739, issued May 19, 1964; Melvin W. Ma'rien, No. 3,133,341, issued May 19, 1964; Donald J. Mayhew, et al., No. 3,281,156, issued Oct. 25, 1966.
- the presentinvention now provides hard-faced piston"rings, giving greater performance'in high-speed, high-compression, high-temperature operating engines than heretofore known piston rings.
- the rings of this invention are coated with a plasma jet appliedrefractory metal carbide alloy formed in situ on the ring.
- Suitable refractory metal carbides include the carbides of tungsten, titanium, tantalum,-columbium, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon and boron.
- the 'term refractory'metal carbide as used herein means acarbideof-a'metalor'metalloid having a melting point above about 3,000F. and -'a hardness above about l,500'Vickers DPN (diamond pene'tration'numbefl with a'40 gram load, referred toas40 DPN,
- DPN diamond pene'tration'numbefl with a'40 gram load
- The'secarbides have very low solubility in cobaltwhichis used in the pro'duction ofsintered carbides for-formingbodies of high hardness and compressive strength. According to "this inventionfhoweven'the carbides are placed in solution with cobalt by virtue of the very high temperatures obtainable in 'theplasrna jetstream.
- the carbide contentof the'a'lloy should'also'be controlled to insure retention of the refractoryrnetal carbide "in solution with the cobalt and to providean alloy ofsufficient strength to 1 refractory metal carbides thereon.
- the refractory metal carbide content of the powder mixture fed to the plasma jetstream to produce the in situ formed hard-facing material on the piston ring should be between about 25 to 55 percent by weight of the powder.
- ferrous metal compression rings composed of conventionally cast nodular .iron of about 3% percent carbon content by weight, thin rail rings for oil control assemblies composed of carbon steel such as S.A.E. 1070, and the like base metal rings, are coated from a plasma jetstream, receiving a powder of the following composition:
- the tungsten carbide content of the powder may be admixed with or replacedby other carbides such as'the carbides of metals and metalloids from the group'including titanium,
- Theplasmajet' has a fuel gas preferably composed of a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen and an inert carrier gas,
- the matrix is composed'principally of nickel and chromium and thealuminum is in'the form of metallic aluminum'or aluminum oxide.
- This alloy has a melting point of approximately 5,000F., has about five times the wear resistance'of the heretofore used molybdenum or chromium hard-facing metals and reduces bore wear and scuffing far beyond the best results obtained with previously tested hard carbide-faced piston rings.
- the alloy has excellent mechanical strength and shock 'resistanceunder :a wide range of severe temperature conditions. Tensile strengths in :excess of 15,000 p.s.i. have been obtained.
- lt is also an object ofthis invention to provide a piston ring coating containing refractory metal carbides in solution inthe facing alloy, reducingor eliminating the possibility of carbide pullout during engine operation.
- a further object of this'invention is-to provide rings with temperature and-wear-resisting, hard-facing refractory metal carbide alloysw'hich will not unduly wearan engine cylinder and which have agreaterstrength.under wide .temperature "ranges than heretofore known'hard facings onpiston rings.
- Another object ofvthis invention is to increase the operating parameters of pistonrings byproviding plasma-jet coatings'of
- Another object of this invention isto provide piston rings with hard-facing alloys which are formed'in situ on thering by 'a 'plasma jet from a powder containing up to '55'percent 'by "weight of ar'efractory'metal carbide.
- FIG. I is a side elevational view, with parts in cross section, of an engine piston and cylinder assembly, wherein the piston has ring grooves equipped with compression and oil control rings each having a bearing face engaging the cylinder which is composed of in situ formed plasma jet applied carbide alloys, according to this invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of the top compression ring in the piston of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but illustrating the second compression ring in the piston of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but illustrating the oil control ring in the third ring groove ofthe piston of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but illustrating the oil control ring in the fourth ring groove of the piston of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is an elevational view of an arbor of piston rings being plasma jet coated in accordance with this invention.
- FIG. 7 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a compression piston ring having a bearing face band of carbide alloy, bonded in a peripheral groove of the ring in accordance with this invention.
- FIG. 8 is a greatly enlarged somewhat diagrammatic view illustrating the manner in which a piston ring coated with prior used hard-facing metal will scuff under severe operating conditions.
- the piston and cylinder assembly 10 of FIG. I illustrates generally a conventional four-ring groove internal combustion engine piston, operating in an engine cylinder.
- the assembly 10 includes apiston l1 and an engine cylinder 12 with a bore 13, receiving the piston 11.
- the piston 11 has a head 14 with a ring band 15 having four peripheral ring grooves 16, 17, 18 and 19 therearound.
- the top ring groove 16 has a split solid cast iron compression or fire piston ring therein.
- the second ring groove 17 has a split solid second compression ring 21 somewhat wider than the ring 20.
- the third .ring groove 18 carries a two-piece oil control ring assembly 22.
- the fourth or bottom ring groove 19 carries a three-piece oil control ring assembly 23.
- the top compression or fire ring 20 has a main body 24 composed of cast iron, preferably nodular gray iron, with a carbon content of about 3 /2 percent by weight.
- the outer periphery 25 of this ring is covered with a plasma jet applied carbide alloy coating 26.
- the second compression ring 21 has a main body 27 composed of the same type of cast iron as the body 24 of the ring 20.
- the outer periphery 28 of the body 27 is inclined upwardly and inwardly from the bottom edge of the ring, and a peripheral grove 29 is formed around this inclined periphery.
- the groove 29 is filled with the carbide alloy 26.
- the oil control ring assembly22 in the third ring groove 18 is composed of a one-piece flexible channel ring 30 and a sheet metal expander ring 31, having legs extending into the channel for expanding the ring 30.
- the ring 30 and the expander are more fully described in the aforesaid Mayhew et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,28l,l56.
- the one-piece oil control ring 30 has a pair of axially spaced, radially projecting beads 32. The peripheries of these beads 32 are coated with the coating 26.
- the oil control ring assembly 23 includes a resilient spacer-expander ring 33 supporting and expanding split thin rail rings 34.
- the assembly 33 is of the type disclosed in the aforesaid Marien U.S. Pat. No. 2,817,564.
- the outer peripheries of the rail of rings 34 are coated with the coating 26, according to this invention.
- each of the compression and oil control rings 20, 21, 22, and 23 are coated with the carbide refractory alloy according to this invention. These bearing faces 26 ride on and sealingly engage the bore 13 of the engine cylinder 12, and the rings are compressed in the bore 13, so as to expand tightly against the bore wall, and maintain a good sealing sliding engagement therewith.
- the coatings 26 are applied on the rings as for example on the grooved rings 21 by stacking a plurality of the rings on an arbor 35, with the rings compressed so that their split ends will be in abutment.
- the arbor clamping the stack of rings in their closed, contracted position may be mounted in a lathe and the peripheries of the rings machined to form the grooves 29 therearound.
- the outer peripheries of the rings 21 on the arbor are then coated with the coatings 26 from a plasma jet spray gun 36.
- the gun 36 includes an insulated casing such as Nylon 37, from which projects a rear electrode 38, the projection of which is adjustably controlled by a screw nob 39.
- the front face of the casing receives a front electrode 40.
- the casing 37 and electrode 40 are hollow and water-jacketed so that coolant may circulate therethrough from an inlet 41 to an outlet 42.
- Plasma jet gas is fed through an inlet 43 into the chamber provided by the casing 37 and the electrode 40 to flow around the electrode 3 8.
- the front end of the electrode 40 provides a nozzle outlet 44 for the plasma flame and the ingredients to form the alloy of the coating 26 are fed to this nozzle through a powder inlet 45,just in advance of the discharge outlet of the nozzle.
- a plasma composed of ionized gas is produced by passing the plasma gas from the inlet 42 through an electric are established between the electrodes 38 and 40.
- This plasma gas is nonoxidizing and may be composed of nitrogen and hydrogen with nitrogen, argon or helium as a carrier.
- the plasma flame exuding from the nozzle 44 draws the alloyforming powder therewith by aspiration and subjects the powder ingredients to such high temperatures as to cause them to alloy.
- the jetstream carries the alloy into the bottom of the groove-29 of each piston ring and fills the groove.
- the preferred powder fed to the powder inlet 44 of the gun 36 is composed of tungsten carbide, cobalt, nickel, chromium, boron and aluminum, in the proportions indicated herein above, with a preferred powder mixture of the following composition:
- the preferred deposited coating 26 is a tungsten carbide alloy wherein the tungsten carbide ingredient is bound in a fused and alloyed matrix of the nickel, chromium and boron.
- the alloy 26 as illustrated in FIG. 7 is actually formed in situ in the groove 29, and is bonded to the base body 24 of the ring along a diffused interface or welded zone 46. This interface, or zone 46, is composed of the materials of the alloy 26 and the material of the ring body 24.
- the alloy 26 has a hexagonal close pack crystalline structure in a matrix composed principally of nickel and chromium.
- This alloy has three principal phases, the hardest phase being composed of tungsten carbide in solution with the cobalt and having a Vickers hardness of 2,900 to 4,000 DPM (diamond penetration number) with a 40 gram load (40 DPN). In this phase the carbides are well in solution and are not sharp.
- the second phase is also composed of tungsten carbide and cobalt with the carbides in solution but has a particle hardness in the range of 2,100 to 3,200 Vickers, 40 DPN.
- the third phase is a matrix phase with a Vickers particle hardness in the range 900 to 1,200, 40 DPN.
- This phase is composed principally of nickel and chromium with boron, if present, uniformly distributed in the matrix.
- a fourth phase comprising only about 4 percent by volume of the final coating consists principally of aluminum and has a hardness of approximately 500 Vickers 40 DPN.
- the tungsten carbides in the preferred alloy consist principally of W2C and (WCo)2C and may be considered to have the following formula:
- the arbor of rings is preferably cooled with an external blast of inert gas impinging on both sides of the jet flame. It is desired to keep temperatures of the rings 21 in the arbor around 400F. or less. It is not necessary to provide any subsequent heat treatment for the plasma jet coated rings other than allowing the rings to air cool.
- the powder fed to the inlet 45 is metered preferably with the aid of an aspiring gas, vibration, mechanical gearing etc. All of the powder is completely melted and penetrates into the center cone of the plasma jet flame.
- the scuffing action is illustrated in FIG. 8, wherein the coating 26a filling the groove 29 in the piston ring 24 is illustrated as having an adhesive affinity for the wall of the engine bore 13 along the area 48 of sealing engagement withthe bore wall.
- This adhesion and the brittleness of the coating 26a causes the metal in the groove 29 to break away along lines of fracture indicated at 49.
- the coatings 26 of this invention are less porous than the heretofore'known flame-sprayed molybdenum coatings.
- the coatings 26 only have a porosity around 7 percent. This provides much greater corrosion resistance in the bearing face.
- the bearing facev can of course withstand much higher temperatures than the prior known piston ring coating materials.
- the alloys of the coatings 26 also have about 5 times the wear resistance of the heretofore used molybdenum and chromium hard-facing material, and therefore much thinner coatings can be used. It has been found that coating thicknesses of .002 inches in oil control ring assemblies and from .002 to .004 inches in compression rings are quite satisfactory. This of course reduces the expense of producing the rings.
- the rings of this invention have been severely tested both in actual high-performance diesel engine operation and have also been subjected to thermal stress and oxidation resistance tests.
- the tungsten carbide alloy coatings of this invention withstood thermal stress tests which consisted of heating the piston rings with the coating in the stressed condition to 1,800F. for hours. Post test photornicrographic examination showed this coating to withstand this test, whereas previousl yused molybdenum coatings will not withstand this test at 750
- the alloys of the coatings 26 can be ground with standard dressing wheels even though they have a superficial hardness far in excess of the heretofore known hard facing materials for piston rings.
- the alloys of the coatings 26 were found to have a hardness of more than 1,500 kilograms per square millimeter on the Vickers scale, whereas the best heretofore known hard-facing materials for piston rings had a Vickers hardness around 1,000 kg. sq. mm.
- the provision of the alloy coatings 26 in a groove to form a band around the periphery of the piston ring 21, for example, utilizes the body metal of the ring as a land alongside of the groove to form an initial quick break-in surface for the ring, as described in the aforesaid Marien U.S. Pat. No. 3,133,739.
- the inclined periphery of the ring 21 may be formed by grinding or by torsional twisting of the ring in use in the ring groove, as described in the Marien patent.
- tungsten carbide is the preferred refractory metal carbide, it may be replaced in whole or in part with any one or more of the hereinabove mentioned refractory metal carbides.
- the refractory metal carbide content may vary considerably as long as the carbides are in solution in the alloy and are relatively free from sharp edges and comers which induce pullout during operation. For practical purposes the refractory metal carbide content will be between 25 to 55 percent by weight of the powder fed to the plasma jetstream since these parameters insure the scuff-resistance, mechanical strength, and finishing ability of the al- 10y.
- the starting powder preferably has the carbides present as individual grains sintered with the cobalt so that in the preferred embodiment the starting powder would have sintered grains containing 40 percent by weight of tungsten carbide and 6 percent by weight of cobalt.
- a piston ring having a ferrous metal body and a coating on the bearing face of the ring, said coating being composed of at least one carbide of a-substance from the group consisting of refractory metals and metalloids in solution with cobalt and alloyed in a matrix containing principally nickel and chromium, said carbide being free from sharp edges and corners, and said alloy being bound to said body along a diffused interface zone composed of materials of said alloy and said body.
- a piston ring in accordance with claim 1 in which said coating is formed on the hearing face by suspending a powdered mixture of the materials which form the coating in a plasma at a temperature substantially above the melting temperature of said mixture, forming a jetstream of the plasma with the mixture is suspension and applying the resulting jetstream to the bearing face of said ring while maintaining it at a temperature suitable to deposit thereon a coating of said carbide in solution with cobalt in said alloy matrix.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US69664568A | 1968-01-09 | 1968-01-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3539192A true US3539192A (en) | 1970-11-10 |
Family
ID=24797961
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US696645A Expired - Lifetime US3539192A (en) | 1968-01-09 | 1968-01-09 | Plasma-coated piston rings |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3539192A (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS5316044B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE1817321C3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES161954Y (ja) |
FR (1) | FR1597320A (ja) |
GB (1) | GB1214197A (ja) |
Cited By (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3683477A (en) * | 1970-10-28 | 1972-08-15 | Eisuke Sugahara | Method of producing one-piece channel shaped piston ring |
US3697091A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1972-10-10 | Ramsey Corp | Piston ring facings |
US3758124A (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1973-09-11 | Koppers Co Inc | Nickel-aluminum-titanium oxide flame-spray coating for bearing and piston ring member wear surfaces |
US3779720A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1973-12-18 | Chromalloy American Corp | Plasma sprayed titanium carbide tool steel coating |
US3810637A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1974-05-14 | Mecanique Ind Int | Shaft packing |
US3837817A (en) * | 1972-10-18 | 1974-09-24 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | Sliding member having a spray-coated layer |
US3886637A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1975-06-03 | Chromalloy American Corp | Method of producing heat treatable titanium carbide tool steel coatings on cylinders of internal combustion engines |
US3896244A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1975-07-22 | Chromalloy American Corp | Method of producing plasma sprayed titanium carbide tool steel coatings |
US3920412A (en) * | 1973-06-25 | 1975-11-18 | Curtiss Wright Corp | Hard-surfaced castings and method of producing the same |
US3936295A (en) * | 1973-01-10 | 1976-02-03 | Koppers Company, Inc. | Bearing members having coated wear surfaces |
US3938962A (en) * | 1974-04-04 | 1976-02-17 | Weston H. Feilbach | Laminated composite wear materials |
US4013453A (en) * | 1975-07-11 | 1977-03-22 | Eutectic Corporation | Flame spray powder for wear resistant alloy coating containing tungsten carbide |
US4024617A (en) * | 1973-03-06 | 1977-05-24 | Ramsey Corporation | Method of applying a refractory coating to metal substrate |
US4073639A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1978-02-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Metallic filler material |
US4232094A (en) * | 1972-12-12 | 1980-11-04 | Skf Industrial Trading And Development Company B.V. | Sprayed coatings on metal surfaces |
US4233072A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1980-11-11 | Riken Corporation | Sliding member having wear- and scuff-resistant coating on its surface |
DE3031583A1 (de) * | 1980-08-21 | 1982-02-25 | Ramsey Corp., Manchester, Mo. | Plasmaspritzpulver |
US4344634A (en) * | 1979-12-04 | 1982-08-17 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. | Compression rings |
WO1983004293A1 (en) * | 1982-05-24 | 1983-12-08 | Clark Eugene V | Improvements in mechanical seal structures |
US4505485A (en) * | 1982-06-07 | 1985-03-19 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. | Rotary seal with linear wear resistant treated layer |
US4517726A (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1985-05-21 | Naohiko Yokoshima | Method of producing seal ring |
US4592964A (en) * | 1984-06-09 | 1986-06-03 | Goetze Ag | Wear-resistant coating |
US4692385A (en) * | 1986-04-14 | 1987-09-08 | Materials Development Corporation | Triplex article |
US4936912A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1990-06-26 | Deere & Company | Sintered apex seal material |
US5030519A (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-07-09 | Amorphous Metals Technologies, Inc. | Tungsten carbide-containing hard alloy that may be processed by melting |
US5037115A (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1991-08-06 | Brandon Ronald E | Piston ring assemblies for high temperature seals |
EP0498479A1 (en) * | 1991-02-02 | 1992-08-12 | Ae Piston Products Limited | Pistons |
US5628814A (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1997-05-13 | General Electric Company | Coated nickel-base superalloy article and powder and method useful in its preparation |
US5702769A (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1997-12-30 | Sulzer Innotec Ag | Method for coating a substrate with a sliding abrasion-resistant layer utilizing graphite lubricant particles |
US5713129A (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1998-02-03 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Method of manufacturing coated piston ring |
US5964322A (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 1999-10-12 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator safety brake having a plasma sprayed friction coating |
US20060108033A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2006-05-25 | Atakan Peker | Metallic dental prostheses made of bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys and method of making such articles |
US20060124209A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2006-06-15 | Jan Schroers | Pt-base bulk solidifying amorphous alloys |
US20060130943A1 (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2006-06-22 | Atakan Peker | Method of making dense composites of bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys and articles thereof |
US20060137772A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2006-06-29 | Donghua Xu | Bulk amorphous refractory glasses based on the ni(-cu-)-ti(-zr)-a1 alloy system |
US20060151031A1 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2006-07-13 | Guenter Krenzer | Directly controlled pressure control valve |
US20060157164A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2006-07-20 | William Johnson | Bulk solidifying amorphous alloys with improved mechanical properties |
US20060191611A1 (en) * | 2003-02-11 | 2006-08-31 | Johnson William L | Method of making in-situ composites comprising amorphous alloys |
US20060237105A1 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2006-10-26 | Yim Haein C | Bulk amorphous refractory glasses based on the ni-nb-sn ternary alloy system |
US20060269765A1 (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2006-11-30 | Steven Collier | Encapsulated ceramic armor |
US20070079907A1 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2007-04-12 | Johnson William L | Fe-base in-situ compisite alloys comprising amorphous phase |
US20100127462A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2010-05-27 | Michael Buchmann | Piston ring with a multilayer assembly, and a method for the production thereof |
US20110186183A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2011-08-04 | William Johnson | Bulk solidifying amorphous alloys with improved mechanical properties |
US20150218687A1 (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2015-08-06 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Cylinder liner and method for producing same |
US10138840B2 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2018-11-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | PTWA coating on pistons and/or cylinder heads and/or cylinder bores |
US11060608B2 (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2021-07-13 | Tenneco Inc. | Piston ring with inlaid DLC coating and method of manufacturing |
US11371108B2 (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2022-06-28 | Glassimetal Technology, Inc. | Tough iron-based glasses with high glass forming ability and high thermal stability |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS585256B2 (ja) * | 1979-05-10 | 1983-01-29 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | 内燃機関用摺動部材 |
JPS5669367A (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1981-06-10 | Toyota Motor Corp | Sliding member |
DE3447784C2 (de) * | 1984-12-20 | 1987-03-12 | Gebrüder Sulzer AG, Winterthur | Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine |
JP2891745B2 (ja) * | 1990-04-23 | 1999-05-17 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | ピストンリング |
JP3221892B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-20 | 2001-10-22 | 帝国ピストンリング株式会社 | ピストンリング及びその製造法 |
DE4325520A1 (de) * | 1992-08-08 | 1994-02-10 | Nagel Masch Werkzeug | Bauteil im Bereich von Arbeitsräumen, wie Verbrennungsräumen, von Kraft- oder Arbeitsmaschinen mit einer Beschichtung |
-
1968
- 1968-01-09 US US696645A patent/US3539192A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-12-09 GB GB58447/68A patent/GB1214197A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-12-28 DE DE1817321A patent/DE1817321C3/de not_active Expired
- 1968-12-30 FR FR1597320D patent/FR1597320A/fr not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-01-08 ES ES1969161954U patent/ES161954Y/es not_active Expired
- 1969-01-09 JP JP152769A patent/JPS5316044B1/ja active Pending
Cited By (71)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3697091A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1972-10-10 | Ramsey Corp | Piston ring facings |
US3683477A (en) * | 1970-10-28 | 1972-08-15 | Eisuke Sugahara | Method of producing one-piece channel shaped piston ring |
US3758124A (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1973-09-11 | Koppers Co Inc | Nickel-aluminum-titanium oxide flame-spray coating for bearing and piston ring member wear surfaces |
US3779720A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1973-12-18 | Chromalloy American Corp | Plasma sprayed titanium carbide tool steel coating |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1817321A1 (de) | 1969-10-16 |
ES161954Y (es) | 1973-11-16 |
GB1214197A (en) | 1970-12-02 |
FR1597320A (ja) | 1970-06-22 |
DE1817321C3 (de) | 1974-08-08 |
DE1817321B2 (de) | 1974-01-17 |
ES161954U (es) | 1971-01-16 |
JPS5316044B1 (ja) | 1978-05-29 |
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Owner name: TRW AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS INC., A CORP OF OH Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:RAMSEY CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004405/0814 Effective date: 19840604 |
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