US3536433A - Traveling prop system for a mine working face having a steep,or semi-steep,or flat orientation - Google Patents

Traveling prop system for a mine working face having a steep,or semi-steep,or flat orientation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3536433A
US3536433A US805565A US3536433DA US3536433A US 3536433 A US3536433 A US 3536433A US 805565 A US805565 A US 805565A US 3536433D A US3536433D A US 3536433DA US 3536433 A US3536433 A US 3536433A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
frames
ladder
traveling
beams
working face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US805565A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Konrad Grebe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INGENIEURBUERO KONRAD GREBE
Original Assignee
INGENIEURBUERO KONRAD GREBE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19681608278 external-priority patent/DE1608278A1/de
Application filed by INGENIEURBUERO KONRAD GREBE filed Critical INGENIEURBUERO KONRAD GREBE
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3536433A publication Critical patent/US3536433A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/0082—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor specially adapted for vertical or steep gradient seams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E21D23/0409—Aligning or guiding means for the supports or for the constitutive parts of the supports

Definitions

  • a traveling prop system useful in connection with mining machinery comprising a multiplicity of prop containing frames driven by suitable piston cylinder means and including ladder means comprising stringers disposed in front of and behind the frames joined together by rung means suitably attached to the floor and/or roof beams.
  • the mining machinery may be attached to the forward Stringer as a guide rail.
  • a traveling prop system has been proposed for working faces, preferably those having a steep or a semi-steep orientation, which consists of a series of frames which are attached to a ladder-like member extending through the breast in such a manner as to preserve their spacing along the downgrade. During their advancement, the frames are held by the ladder-like member through connecting rods, and the stringers of the ladder extend between the rows of the props of the traveling prop system.
  • connecting rods has the disadvantage that, during their advancement, the frames have to perform a swinging movement. This brings it about that the beams of the successive frames have to be spaced apart along the downgrade so as to permit this swinging movement. Precisely in the case of steep and semi-steep orientation, however, it is important to cover the full area of the roof as well as the floor with the beams, so as to prevent the development of pits in the floor or roof due to break-outs, thereby providing a poor basis for the proper setting of the advanced frames under pressure between the floor and the roof. But even in a level orientation, when the roof or oor are poor it may be desirable to have complete iloor and roof coverage. Under all circumstances it is desirable to advance the frames along the roof and floor, straight in the direction of advancement, while maintaining an elastic contact pressure. A swinging movemeut, however, practically requires the operator to loosen the frames from the roof and oor completely during their advancing movement.
  • Another disadvantage of the prior proposal consists in the fact that first all frames have to be advanced in some desired sequence by corresponding swinging movements, before the ladder-like member can be moved forward, and a simultaneous swinging movement of all connecting rods in the opposite direction is then necessary for this purpose.
  • all frames must previously have performed a step of the same size. In other words, a certain invariable step length must be observed; but this is difficult to accomplish when the forward step entails a swinging movement.
  • the swinging movement of the ladder and the arrangement of its stringers inside of the rows of props excludes the possibility of using the stringers of the ladder for the guidance of a mining apparatus or for the hanging of a gob curtain.
  • the invention relates to a traveling prop system for a working face, preferably for a working face having a steep or semi-steep orientation, comprising a succession of frames which are connected, in a manner assuring their downgrade spacing from one another, to a ladderlike member extending through the breast.
  • the invention is characterized in that the rung-like elements associated with the ladder-like members lie displaceably on the floor beams of the frames and are guided by the latter in their longitudinal displacement.
  • the ladder-like members preferably have a restricted vertical movement with the stringers of the ladder being disposed in front of the front row of props of the traveling prop system and in back of the rear row of props.
  • the floor beam of each frame can be located between two successive rungs of the ladder-like member, or else it may have a recess in which only one rung associated with it is guided.
  • the beams are guided by rungs, or the rungs are guided by the beams, in a reciprocal manner, depending on which of the two is being moved.
  • a second ladder-like member of the same kind be associated with the roof beams of the frames in order to guide them.
  • This second ladder-like member can be replaced, when the traveling prop system is used in semi-steep and steep orientations, by other guiding means between the roof beams of the successive frames; when the traveling prop system is used in level orientations, such replacement may be required, under certain circumstances.
  • the traveling prop system By constructing the traveling prop system according to the invention, it is possible to guide, one or the other all of the frames of a traveling prop system extending over the entire length of the breast, by means of the ladder-like members, in a manner which has hitherto been possible only in the case of the reciprocal guidance of two frames combined in a single chock.
  • the frames can move straight forward, always in the direction of their beams, and the beams can follow one another without any appreciable amount of space in between them, and consequently a virtually complete coverage of the roof and oor can be achieved in the direction of both dip and strike, to a far greater extent than'has hitherto been possible. It is possible to advance the frames While they are applying an elastic tension between the roof and the floor, and no longer is a separate period required for the advancement of the ladder-like member.
  • an advancing cylinder extending lengthwise of the beam to be associated with each beam of each frame.
  • the pistons are fastened to elements of the ladder (rungs or stringers) and the cylinder is fastened to the beam, or vice versa. If the successive frames are now alternately set and released, and if they are alternately set forward and backward in relation to one another, it is desirable to perform the advancement of the traveling prop system so that, while the forward frames are set under pressure between the roof and the door, the ladder rungs associated with the roof beams of said forward frames are displaced along the beams of these frames towards the working face, the ladders with the relieved rear frames associated with the rest of their rungs are pulled along by the same amount and the rear frames are again advanced along their rungs by the same amount.
  • the set frames located at the leading end of the rungs at the beginning of the advancing period are now at their trailing end, and the released frames originally located at the trailing end of the rungs are now at the leading end of the advanced rungs. Now, when these frames are set and the other frames are released, it is possible to continue the advancement of the traveling prop system in a virtually continuous manner.
  • the breast-side Stringer of the ladder can be constructed as a guiding rail for a winning apparatus, and
  • the gob-side stringer can be constructed as a rail for hanging a gobl curtain or mat. It is desirable for these rails to have individual sections which can flex against one another at least upwardly, because it cannot be expected that the floor and the roof of the seam will have an entirely uniform inclination over their entire length, or for that matter, even an uniform inclination through the entire advancing cycle.
  • the correct position of the frames in relation to the bedding might be adversley influenced by the fact that the distance of the roof beams from one another and the distance of the floor beams from one another are kept constantly invariable by the stringers, even though the position which the succeeding beams assume in relation to one another as regards height is different in the area of the roof from what it is in the area of the lloor.
  • the stringers of the ladder associated with the roof beams have telescoping rail sections whose length is variable by the operation of adjusting devices.
  • the manner in which the rungs are joined to the stringers of the ladder must always provide a certain amount of play, as must also the manner in which the guiding surfaces of the beams are joined to the stringers.
  • the ladder will hang from the set frames, and each of the released frames will hang from the ladder. That is, in the case of the set frames, play will occur between the beams and the rungs and between the rungs and the stringers in the downhill direction of the breast (below the beams), and in the case of the released and advancing frames, there will be play in the upward direction of the breast (above the beams). If the advanced frames are then set in this position, the ladder, after the release of the other frames, will shift with these frames downhill in the breast, i.e., upon each setting and releasing action, the prop system will drift downhill by a certain amount.
  • the stringers of the ladders are always urged only to a certain extent elastically towards the roof or floor, as the case may be, by the springs in the case of the roof and by the weight of the ladders in the case of the floor, and the total strength of these springs must be suflicient to bear the weight of the ladder associated with the roof beams.
  • 'Ihe pressure of the ladders against the roof can be augmented by making the springs stronger, and the bearing contact of the other ladder against the floor can be augmented by additional springs at the iloor beams.
  • the steps of the frames can furthermore be made so short that it is not only possible to advance all frames A simultaneously and then to advance all frames B simultaneously, but also it is possible first to advance the series of frames A successively and then advance, one after the other, the frames B situated alternately between them.
  • the new traveling prop system is especially suited for use in conjunction with a mining method in which a kerfing and ripping chain is carried on controllable and lixable rails laid along the floor and roof.
  • kerfng and ripping chain there are associated elements which cut kerfs and elements that rip, the kerling elements producing kerfs that are made progressively deeper into theseam along the roof and lloor, and after the kerf has reached the proper depth, a ripping tool mounted on the same chain rips away the working face between the kerfs, advancing it by a corresponding amount.
  • kering groups each cutting the kerf S mm. deeper, are followed in each case by a ripper which advances the working face by 56 mm.
  • a working face is thus produced which is of a sawtooth shape, the ripper forming in each case the tip of such a sawtooth. It takes away the undercut part of the working face, and it is followed by another set of kerf cutters which again undercut the new Working face, which, on account of the sawtooth shape of the face, runs somewhat at an angle to the kerng and ripping chain guide rails, until the next ripper again advances the working face, and so on.
  • the kerng elements are fastened to Scrapers which keep the kerf and the space between the chain and the working face free of the lines produced by the kerfng. Since the space between the guiding rail and kerng and ripping chain, on the one hand, and the working face on the other, becomes progressively narrower due to the sawtooth shape of the working face, the Scrapers arranged in succession along the chain must become progressively thinner in that portion of them that extends between the chain and the working face. As the mining progresses, the prop system on which the mining apparatus is supported by the rail or channel guiding the kerfing and ripping chain is continuously advanced.
  • the Scrapers must still be constructed so that their upper edge is in contact with the working face. Otherwise they could not keep the space between the chain and the working face clear of nes. Above or below this edge, however, there is no longer any need for a surface extending all the way to the floor and to the root ⁇ and resting against the working face. Instead, the edges can project beyond the actual body of the Scrapers and can be provided with a clearance angle, so that the scraper can cut freely at all times.
  • the above considerations relating to the rate of feed of the advancing cylinders can be expressed by saying that, if the ripping apparatus associated with a kerng and ripping chain are equally spaced apart, the rate of excursion of the advancing cylinder is regulated by metering cylinders, which are to be cycled preferably in uniform sequence, in such a manner that a full stroke of the advancing cylinder, which corresponds to n full strokes of the metering cylinder, takes place in the same period of time in which the kertng and ripping chain covers a distance corresponding to the distance between two ripping members on the kerng and ripping chain.
  • the prop system according lto the invention is thus, on the one hand, especially suitable for the performance of the mining process just described, while on the other hand, this method of mining, which constantly clears a small but uniform alleyway ahead of the traveling prop system, offers a particularly good opportunity for the use of the prop system according to the invention.
  • an adjustable apparatus can be associated with each advancing cylinder, by which the excursion of its piston can be limited.
  • the advancing cylinders associated with the wing that has to turn are in each case fully extended; at the other end of the breast the advancing cylinder is blocked, and at the frames between them the system that limits the stroke is so adjusted that, starting from the pivot point, the stroke is slightly larger in each succeeding advancing cylinder.
  • the advancing cylinder and the metering cylinder feeding it are automatically blocked, so that the keriing tools and ripping tools associated with the kerng and ripping chain no longer attack the working face at these points.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view, partially in section along line I-I of FIG, 3 of a portion of an apparatus in accord with this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the same apparatus
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevation (as seen from the breast), partially in section along linev III- III of FIG. 1 of the apparatus of this invention;
  • FIG. 4 shows, on a reduced scale, a schematic view of the advancement of the prop system of this invention and the shape of the working face when the stringers associated with the traveling prop system according to the invntion are used for the guidance of a kerfing and ripping c am;
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are supplementary to FIG. 4, showing how the kerf in the working face is produced when the kerng tools arranged between the rippers are set close together, and when they are uniformly spread out, respectively.
  • prop frames A and prop frames B are disposed alternately in the downhill direction along the breast.
  • frames A are set and frames B are relieved.
  • the prop system In the lower half of the igure, the prop system is represented in its position at the beginning of the advancing cycle, and in the upper half of the gure it is represented at the end of the advancing cycle.
  • Frames A as Well as frames B have roof beams 1 and 'oor beams 1.
  • the rungs 11, 11', which are associated with the same beam, are in turn fastened together by crossbars 14, 14.
  • These crossbars 14 14' are engaged by the piston rods 15, of advancing cylinders whose jackets 7, 7, marked 8, 8', in the case of frames B) are in turn fastened to the webs 2, 2', of the beams.
  • the props 3 of the frames A are set and pressure is delivered to the gob-side chambers of cylinder 7, 7', associated therewith.
  • Props 4 of frames B are either relieved of pressure or are held by light elastic pressure between the roof and the floor, and hydraulic pressure is delivered to the breast-side chambers of their associated cylinders 8, 8'.
  • the frames A are in the same place, but the ladder Stringing together frames A and B has, by the end of the cycle, advanced one step laterally along the rungs of this ladder.
  • each full stroke of the pressure cylinder 7 (8) can correspond to n strokes of a preceding metering cylinder, which is not shown, so that the tempo of the advancement of all frames A and B and the tempo of the advancement of the ladder can be made completely uniform.
  • the associated rungs can also have an articulation.
  • a vertical articulation 16, 16' it is desirable to provide a vertical articulation 16, 16', so as to make it possible to bring the guide bars 12, 12', provided for the mining apparatus, into the desired position for the advancement of the working face, using for that purpose a controlling means 17, which in the drawing appears only in the area of the roof beams.
  • Similar articulations can be provided for joining the rungs to the gob-side ladder stringers 13, 13'.
  • a coal shield 22 cooperating with a chute 23 Also represented in the drawing is a coal shield 22 cooperating with a chute 23.
  • the breast-side stringers 12, 12', of the ladder are preferably in the form of a channel in which a winning apparatus can be guided.
  • This channel is divided into sections 18, 18', which are joined together by vertical articulations 20.
  • these channel sections have portions 19 telescoping inside of them so that they can be lengthened and shortened to some extent. It is desirable not to leave the length of each such rail section 18-19 to arbitrary movement of the section in relation to one another, but to adjust such in a predetermined manner.
  • the gob-side stringers 13, 13' are formed of extensible sections at the roof and of sections of constant length on the floor, which are joined together by vertical articulations.
  • the cross-section of the breastside stringers does not have to be that of a channel.
  • the individual channel or guide-bar sections have bearing surfaces against which springs 24, 25, rest, which in turn act upon bearing surfaces on the roof and floor beams 1, 1', so that they seek to displace the beams, and consequently the prop frames A or B with which they are associated, in an uphill direction along the breast.
  • springs 24, 25, rest which in turn act upon bearing surfaces on the roof and floor beams 1, 1', so that they seek to displace the beams, and consequently the prop frames A or B with which they are associated, in an uphill direction along the breast.
  • These springs are represented only diagrammatically, as are also the additional springs 26 which act 0n the rungs 11 of the ladder and urge such against the roof.
  • FIG. 4 shows, on a greatly reduced scale, longitudinally of the breast, in a purely diagrammatic manner, how the powered prop system advances when its breast-side stringers are used to guide a kerng and ripping chain.
  • the solid line 31 shows the position of the guide bar 12 (i.e., its rear edge) at the beginning of the advancing cycle;
  • the broken line 32 shows the position of the guide bar after it has been advanced one half step;
  • solid line 33 shows the shape of the coal working face produced by the rippers at the beginning of the advancing 8 cycle, and broken line 34 shows the position of this working face after the prop system has been advanced by the amount stated.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 offer a visualization of how the kerf preceding the working face is produced, from which the rippers supported at the roof and iloor by the flanges of rails 12 and 12 respectively win the coal and advance the working face.
  • a leading edge 41 of a guide rail or channel 12 There is shown a leading edge 41 of a guide rail or channel 12; the rippers 45 and 46 carried on the guide rail; a working face 43 produced by these rippers; and kerfers 51 to 57 and 51' to 57' are disposed between the rippers.
  • These kerfers are set, according to FIG. 5, immediately in front of ripper 46, and, according to FIG.
  • a traveling prop system for use with a mine working face comprising a succession of interconnected spaced prop containing frames, ladder means interconnecting such frames, loor beams under said frames, roof beams over said frames, rung means of said ladder means displaceably disposed on said floor beams and guided by said floor beams with respect to longitudinal displacement, and Stringer means of said ladder means disposed both in front of the front row of props and in back of the back row of props of said prop system.
  • a traveling prop system as claimed in claim 1 for use with a graded mine working face including predetermined down grade spacing of said frames.
  • a traveling prop system as claimed in claim 1 including second rung means operatively associated with said roof beams.
  • a traveling prop system as claimed in claim 1 including cylinder-piston drive means associated with each frame, wherein said cylinder is attached to said floor or room beams and said piston is attached to said ladder means.
  • a travelling prop system as claimed in claim 1 including cylinder-piston drive means associated with each frame, wherein said cylinder is attached to said ladder means and said piston is attached to said floor or roof beams.
  • a traveling prop system as claimed in claim 4 including elastic members disposed between said second rung means and said roof beams.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
US805565A 1968-03-12 1969-03-10 Traveling prop system for a mine working face having a steep,or semi-steep,or flat orientation Expired - Lifetime US3536433A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681608278 DE1608278A1 (de) 1968-03-12 1968-03-12 Wanderausbau fuer einen Streb,vorzugsweise der steilen und halbsteilen Lagerung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3536433A true US3536433A (en) 1970-10-27

Family

ID=5681507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US805565A Expired - Lifetime US3536433A (en) 1968-03-12 1969-03-10 Traveling prop system for a mine working face having a steep,or semi-steep,or flat orientation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3536433A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2003695A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3812681A (en) * 1971-07-16 1974-05-28 Gullick Dobson Ltd Mine roof supports
US20170152707A1 (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Edward Marrow Expandable Ladder Assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3024465A1 (de) * 1980-06-28 1982-01-28 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Schreitender ausbau fuer untertaegige gewinnungsbetriebe, insbesondere schildausbau

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB999943A (en) * 1960-11-29 1965-07-28 Dobson Ltd W E & F Improved mine roof support means
US3362169A (en) * 1963-12-21 1968-01-09 Karl Maria Groetschel Roof supporting systems for mine workings

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB999943A (en) * 1960-11-29 1965-07-28 Dobson Ltd W E & F Improved mine roof support means
US3362169A (en) * 1963-12-21 1968-01-09 Karl Maria Groetschel Roof supporting systems for mine workings

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3812681A (en) * 1971-07-16 1974-05-28 Gullick Dobson Ltd Mine roof supports
US20170152707A1 (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Edward Marrow Expandable Ladder Assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2003695A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4217067A (en) Mine roof support assembly
DE1534648A1 (de) Vortriebsmaschine fuer Tunnels,Stollen,Kanaele od.dgl.
US3536433A (en) Traveling prop system for a mine working face having a steep,or semi-steep,or flat orientation
US3916630A (en) Tunneling methods and apparatus
US3887235A (en) Assembly for hydraulic extraction of sheet-like mineral deposits sectioned into panels by a system of passageways
US5137336A (en) Process for the automated winning of mineral, such as coal, in a longwall working
US2195544A (en) Apparatus for loading coal
CS229614B2 (en) Edge support for the underground working
US5474365A (en) Apparatus for mining a seam, in particular of coal
US3471201A (en) Mineral mining arrangement including track for a mining machine
US2823908A (en) Mining planer having traction element behind the conveyor
DE858089C (de) Schleppkettenfoerderer, bei welchem Arbeitstrum und Ruecklauftrum getrennt voneinander sind
US3419312A (en) Planer guide arrangement for extraction of mineral in longwall mining operations
US4012916A (en) Apparatus for constructing underground tunnels
RU2000116788A (ru) Агрегат струго-доставочный, став струго-доставочного агрегата, механизм перемещения направляющих, агрегатная крепь, гидравлическая система управления, устройство для подхвата призабойной кровли, опорная база кольцевого струга
US3494668A (en) Method and apparatus for the winning of coal by the long wall support system
US4830535A (en) Knife shield driving device and method for the excavating and/or final supporting of galleries or the like
DE2746727C2 (de) Hobelanlage mit Stallhobel
US3390915A (en) Guided cutter chain for mining use
SU589391A1 (ru) Устройство дл выемки угл
US4148592A (en) Shield apparatus for use in tunnelling
CS250201B2 (en) Mechanical support for inclined and steeply inclined seams
CN107299834B (zh) 一种机械化采煤方法
US3830544A (en) Anchorage for conveyor guiding longwall planer and method
DE2443276A1 (de) Ausbildung von tunnelauskleidungen und verfahren bei deren einbau im zuge der herstellung von unterirdischen hohlraeumen