US3528275A - Method and apparatus for extruding hollow articles - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for extruding hollow articles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3528275A
US3528275A US579015A US3528275DA US3528275A US 3528275 A US3528275 A US 3528275A US 579015 A US579015 A US 579015A US 3528275D A US3528275D A US 3528275DA US 3528275 A US3528275 A US 3528275A
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United States
Prior art keywords
receptacle
ingot
press
plug
mandrel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US579015A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunter Sibler
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Mannesmann Demag AG
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Demag AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C33/00—Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded ; Loading the dummy block
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
    • B21C23/205—Making products of generally elongated shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/218—Indirect extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/04—Cutting-off or removing waste

Definitions

  • a method of forming metal pipes using an indirect extrusion press including a receptacle having a bore for the ingot, an extrusion ram with an indirect die arranged in alignment with one end of the bore of the receptacle, and a movable plunger with an interchangeable upsetting ram or main die and a hollow plug member which is alignable with the opposite end of the receptacle bore in conjunction with a piercing mandrel which is movable through the plug, comprises inserting the ingot into the bore of the receptacle of the indirect die, closing one end and advancing the main die against the ingot to upset it.
  • the upsetting ram carrying the main die is moved out of alignment with the receptacle bore and the plug is inserted into the bore up to a location at which its inner end is spaced outwardly from a position occupied by the inner end of the main die when it was positioned there.
  • the piercing mandrel is moved through the bore of the plug and through the upset ingot to pierce it and the indirect die and the plug are moved relatively toward each other in order to extrude the upset ingot around the mandrel.
  • the apparatus for the method includes a press plunger which is located adjacent a movable ingot receptacle having a bore into which a press die is movable.
  • the press Plunger carries a pivotal arm with a plunger die on one end and a plug having a through bore at the opposite end.
  • the plunger die may be moved with the press plunger or ram to upset the billet placed in the receptacle. Thereafter, the arm may be shifted to align the plug with the receptacle bore.
  • the press plunger also carries a piercing mandrel which is mounted for reciprocation through the bore of the plug to pierce the billet.
  • the plug After extrusion the plug is again shifted in respect to the associated plunger receptacle bore and it carries the residue with it from the receptacle to a position in which it may be dropped into a packing press located therebeneath.
  • a plunger compresses the residue to compact it into a small size mass which is dumped into a collecting receptacle.
  • This invention relates, in general, to the construction of extrusion presses and to a method of extruding metal pipes or similar hollow bodies and, in particular, to a new and useful extrusion press in which the billet to be extruded is first upset, thereafter pierced and finally extruded over a mandrel and to a process for extruding metal billets.
  • the invention provides an indirect pressing process for the production of metal pipes and similar hollow bodies from unpierced ingots or billets.
  • the indirect pressing process has the advantage of a direct pressing because of the better flow behavior in the ingot during pressing so that substantial energy saving can be achieved. Furthermore, the better flow behavior results in better metallurgical properties of the product. In addition, no
  • metal flow directed from the surface of the ingot is produced during the extrusion so that an additional advantage is achieved and that no impurities found on the surface of the ingot can get into the core of the seciton to be produced. It is therefore preferred to press indirectly with the shell.
  • the ingot be first upset in the indirect pressing process just as in the direct pressing process so that it is certain to fill the receptacle completely before it is pierced and pressed.
  • the known indirect presses do not permit the quality production of pipes even from the upset ingot because the ingot rises after the upsetting during the piercing and the necessary space is not available in the known indirect presses.
  • a pressing device and method for the production of metal pipes and similar hollow bodies from unpierced ingots in a metal extrusion press which includes means for upsetting the ingot and to take into account the upsetting characteristics of the ingot during the rise thereof.
  • the ingot to be formed is inserted in a receptacle and is upset therein by means of a special upsetting die which is arranged to move into the receptacle and to upset the ingot against an indirect press die.
  • the main press plunger is then withdrawn and the upsetting die is exchanged for a hollow plug which is of a size to leave a free space in the re ceptacle between it and the upset ingot after the receptacle is closed so that the ingot can expand unhindered during the following piercing.
  • the plug provides centering means for a piercing mandrel which moves through the plug and pierces the ingot. Thereafter, the pierced ingot is extruded over the front end of the shearing mandrel which is aligned with the plug and the piercing mandrel.
  • a hydraulic metal extrusion press is provided with a tool changing mechanism which is arranged in the travelling spar and pressure plate holder, respectively, to alternately bring the upsetting die and the hollow plug, respectively, into the central press axis position.
  • the hollow plug extends outwardly by a lesser amount in the axial direction than the upsetting die.
  • an object of the invention to provide 3 an extrusion device having means for upsetting a billet to be extruded and thereafter for piercing and extruding the same billet in the upsetting receptacle.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a method of forming articles such as metal pipes and similar hollow bodies from unpierced ingots in a metal pipe press which is provided with a piercing mandrel which moves independently of the main press drive and which comprises upsetting the ingot in the receptacle by means of an upsetting die acting between the ingot and an indirect die and thereafter removing the upsetting die and closing the receptacle with a plug which does not extend axially into the receptacle by the same amount as the upsetting die, piercing the ingot by use of a piercing mandrel which is moved through an opening defined in the plug, and thereafter extruding the material of the ingot over the mandrel.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a device for the indirect pressing of metal pipes and similar hollow bodies from unpierced ingots which is simple in design, rugged in construction and economical to manufacture.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial elevational and partial longitudinal sectional view of an extrusion press constructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIGS. 2 to are views similar to FIG. 1 indicating the various positions of operation of the device in carrying out the process of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial side elevational and sectional view of a portion of the extrusion press and a device for compressing and removing the scrap from the press.
  • the invention embodied therein comprises a main press drive 1 which includes a press plunger 1.
  • a counter holder 2 is pro vided alongside the press plunger and it operates in association with a receptacle 3. It includes press dies 4a and 4b which may be alternately positioned for centering in respect to a bore 3a of the receptacle into which they are slidable.
  • a changing device (not shown) is provided for shifting a slide member 30 on the holder 2 for positioning a selected one of the indirect press dies 4a or 4b in an operative position. Ingots or billets 6 are loaded into the receptacle 3 by means of a loading mechanism generally indicated at 5.
  • Each indirect press die 4a and 4b contains at its front end a matirx holder 4 and a press matrix 4", as indicated in FIG. 8.
  • the plunger 1' of the main press drive 1 includes a pressure plate 7 which is arranged in a pressure plate holder or travelling spar 7'.
  • a changing mechanism or carriage 8 is mounted for slidable transverse movement at the forward end of the plunger 1.
  • the carriage 8 carries at spaced locations a plunger die 9 and a plug 10 which may be selectively positioned in alignment with the outer end of the pressure plate 7 and aligned with the bore 3a of the receptacle 3.
  • the spacing between the upsetting die 9 and the hollow plug 10 is selected such that the plug 10 can be easily freed of the adhering press residue when it is in the eccentric position disposed on one side of the plunger 1, for example, see FIGS. 10 and 11. With the plug 10 in the eccentric position, the upsetting die 9 would then be centered with regard to the press axis.
  • the axial extension of the required setting die 9 is chosen in accordance with the available volume of the ingot 6 and the size of a piercing mandrel 11.
  • the piercing mandrel is carried at the outer end of a shearing mandrel 14 which slides in a bore of a sleeve 32 which is aligned with a bore of the pressure plate 7.
  • the carriage 8 may be shifted to align the plug 10 with the axis of the press.
  • the plug 10 thus provides both a press disk and a guide for the piercing mandrel 11 and shearing mandrel 14.
  • the plug 10 is provided with a bore 10' sufficiently large enough to accommodate the shearing mandrel 14 which is made of a slightly larger diameter than the piercing mandrel 11.
  • the billet 6 is deposited within the bore 3a of the receptacle 3 when in the position indicated in FIG. 1.
  • the upsetting die 9 is arranged along the axis of the press and the press plunger 1 is indicated in the retracted end poistion.
  • the piercing mandrel 11 and the shearing mandrel 14 are also in the retracted position.
  • the main press plunger 1' is advanced to the right in the direction of the arrow under low pressure and pushes the upsetting die 9 against the ingot to force it into the diameter 3a of the receptacle 3.
  • the ingot loader 5 then returns to its starting position.
  • the ingot 6 is then partly supported by the receptacle 3 in a position clamped between the indirect press die 4a and the upsetting die 9.
  • the receptacle 3 is moved in the direction of the arrow indicated and is pressed against the pressure plate holder 7 secured on the plunger 1'.
  • the ingot is then upset by advancing the main press plunger 1' in respect to the receptacle in the direction of the arrow indicated in FIG. 4.
  • the upset ingot is designated in FIG. 4 by the numeral 6'.
  • the main press drive 1 is relieved and the main press plunger 1' retracted in the direction of the arrow indicated in FIG. 5 to permit the displacement of the tool carriage 8 in the direction of the arrow indicated to position the plug 10 in alignment with the center of the press axis (FIG. 5).
  • the upsetting die 9 and the plug 10 may be alternately aligned with the press axis, in accordance with the invention, it is possible to obtain a free space within the bore 3a of the receptacle 3 to permit an elongation or rise of the ingot 6.
  • the main press plunger 1 is moved forward in the direction of the arrow until the pressure plate holder 7 bears tightly on the receptacle 3.
  • the remaining free space 12 between the ingot 6' and the plug 10 permits the ingot to rise freely while it is being pierced.
  • the piercing operation is carried out by the advance of the mandrel 11 which moves forward along with the shearing mandrel 14.
  • the piercing mandrel 11 pierces the ingot 6 with a piercing force and ejects the plug 13 obtained during the piercing into the tubular interior of the indirect press dies 4a or 41).
  • the piercing mandrel 11 is guided through the bore 10' of the hollow plug by a somewhat thicker extension or intermediate portion 14 which slides in contact with the interior of the pressure plate 7.
  • the mandrel shoulder of the extension 14 is aligned with the outer edge of the plug 10.
  • a stop 15 is provided at the outer end of the piercing mandrel 11 which abuts against a stop member or latching device 16 when the latching elements are closed in the direction of the arrows as indicated in FIG. 7.
  • the latching stop members 16 are moved out of the position indicated in FIG. 7 by spreading the members apart as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 8.
  • the main press plunger 1 is advanced together with the receptacle 3 at a high pressure and presses the ingot 6' over the mandrel 11 and the shearing mandrel 14 through the matrix 4 to form a pipe or similar tubular body 19.
  • the main press plunger 1' and the receptacle 3 are in the position represented in FIG. 8.
  • the press residue 18 adheres to the plug 10 at its dovetailed front face.
  • the piercing mandrel 11 is relieved and the double latch 16 is opened. Then the pipe 19 is separated from the press residue 18 by axial shearing by means of the mandrel shoulder of the shearing mandrel 14.
  • the piercing mandrel 11 is then returned to its starting position in which the tip of the mandrel will be located beyond the outer end of the plug 10, thus permitting the transverse stroke or movement of the carriage 8.
  • the receptacle 3 is moved back so that the matrix holder is exposed and subsequently, the main press plunger 1' is retracted in the direction of the arrow indicated in FIG. 9 to pull the press residue 18 with the shell 18' out of the receptacle 3.
  • the tool carriage 8 is moved transversely in the direction of the arrow indicated in order to position the upsetting die 9 in the operating position in alignment with the press axis once again.
  • the plug 10 with the residue 18 and the shell 18' will be located in the eccentric position at which it will be located over a packing press 20 located therebeneath.
  • a stripping cylinder 19 is arranged to move downwardly as indicated in FIG. 11 to strip the residue from the plug 10 and to direct it into the packing press 20.
  • the packing press includes a plunger 36 which is moved against the residue to compact it into a small sized mass 6" which is dumped into a receptacle 22. The removad of the residue from the plug does not require any additional down time since the receptacle 3 is reloaded at the same time with a new ingot by the loading mechanism 5.
  • a method of forming metal pipes and similar hollow bodies from an ingot using a receptacle having a bore for the ingot including with drawing the receptacle from around said mandrel and withdrawing said mandrel within said plug to strip the residue from the receptacle, and thereafter removing the residue from said plug.
  • a device for upsetting piercing and extruding an ingot into a hollow article such as a pipe comprising, a movable ingot receptacle having a bore defined therethrough for receiving the ingot to be formed, a main plunger arranged adjacent one end of said receptacle bore and movable toward and away from said receptacle, a carriage on said main plunger transversely movable in respect to said plunger, a main die on said carriage, a plug having a bore defined therethrough on said carriage at a spaced location from said main die, said carriage being movable to selectively position said plug and said main die in alignment with the bore of said receptacle, an indirect die arranged adjacent the other end of the bore of said receptacle, said receptacle being movable relative to said indirect die to cause said indirect die to close one end of said receptacle, said plunger being movable toward said receptacle to direct said main die against an ingot in the bore of the bore
  • a device for extruding pipes and similar hollow articles wherein said indirect die includes a mounting die carrier, a plurality of tubular die members mounted on said carrier and being selectively alignable with the bore of said receptacle.
  • a device for extruding pipes and similar hollow articles including loading means for loading a billet into the bore of said receptacle.
  • a device for extruding pipes and similar hollow articles wherein said plug includes an outer flange with an inner recessed rim forming a dovetailed configuration for engagement with the press residue when said pierced ingot is being extruded, and means for dislodging the press residue from said plug after said plug has been removed from the bore of said receptacle.
  • a device for extruding pipes and similar hollow articles including stop means for limiting the movement of said mandrel during piercing, said stop means being removable to permit said mandrel to move after piercing said billet.
  • a device for extruding pipes and similar hollow articles wherein said mandrel in cludes an outer piercing mandrel, and an intermediate shearing mandrel of slightly larger diameter than said piercing mandrel, said indirect die including a press matrix through which said shearing mandrel portion extends when material is extruded through said press matrix and around said piercing mandrel.
  • a device for extruding pipes and similar hollow articles including means for stopping said mandrel after the piercing mandrel penetrates the ingot, said stop means being removable to permit further movement of said mandrel to engage in said press matrix for the extrusion of the material.
  • a device for extruding pipes and similar hollow articles including a residue compacting device disposed adjacent said movable plunger, said carriage being shiftable to place said plug with the residue attached thereto in a position over said compacting device, and means for stripping the residue from said plug into said compacting device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
US579015A 1965-11-11 1966-09-13 Method and apparatus for extruding hollow articles Expired - Lifetime US3528275A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4245491A (en) * 1976-10-21 1981-01-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Wako Method and device for producing hollow articles having flanges
US4326399A (en) * 1978-03-14 1982-04-27 Secim Extrusion press operating by the indirect method
US4443143A (en) * 1982-03-08 1984-04-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Billet scalper and drive mechanism therefor
US4522052A (en) * 1982-07-01 1985-06-11 Clecim Processes and devices for the drawing of tubes by extrusion
US4606210A (en) * 1980-04-02 1986-08-19 Swiss Aluminum Ltd. Extrusion press for manufacturing extruded sections from metal billets
US4631949A (en) * 1982-08-31 1986-12-30 Furukawa Aluminum Co., Ltd. Method of loading billet in the indirect extruding press
US4781053A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-11-01 Stewart Charles L Indirect extrusion process and machinery therefor
US4785652A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-11-22 Stewart Charles L Indirect extrusion press with ram-mounted turret supporting tooling
FR2865947A1 (fr) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-12 Vai Clecim Presse de filage de tubes
RU2486980C1 (ru) * 2012-04-03 2013-07-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский институт легких сплавов" (ОАО "ВИЛС") Способ изготовления труб из труднодеформируемых металлов
CN104550286A (zh) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-29 江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司 一种单工位设备的连续挤压方法
CN108994103A (zh) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-14 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 一种铝合金无缝异型材反向双动挤压装置及生产方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2137003C2 (de) * 1970-07-24 1983-07-14 SECIM, 92400 Courbevoie, Hauts-de-Seine Indirektmetallstrangpresse
FR2360359A1 (fr) * 1976-08-05 1978-03-03 Secim Presse a filer par la methode inverse
FR2370534A1 (fr) * 1976-11-10 1978-06-09 Secim Presse a filage inverse
DE3023388A1 (de) * 1980-06-23 1982-01-21 Schloemann-Siemag AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Indirekt-metallstrangpresse und arbeitsverfahren zum entfernen von eingefrorenen bloecken aus einer solchen presse
JPS60141911U (ja) * 1984-02-25 1985-09-20 株式会社神戸製鋼所 間接押出プレス
WO1985004825A1 (en) * 1984-04-20 1985-11-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobeseikosho Indirect extrusion method and apparatus
US4696176A (en) * 1986-01-23 1987-09-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Pullback type double-acting indirect extrusion press

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US976529A (en) * 1910-05-03 1910-11-22 William Westerman Means of producing seamless hollow bodies.
US1670336A (en) * 1926-05-10 1928-05-22 Krupp Ag Grusonwerk Extrusion press
US1859990A (en) * 1929-08-24 1932-05-24 Hydraulik Gmbh Metal extrusion press
US1948400A (en) * 1931-11-02 1934-02-20 Hydraulik Gmbh Metal extrusion press
US2388558A (en) * 1941-05-09 1945-11-06 Loewy Eng Co Ltd Metal extrusion press and method of operating same
US2491897A (en) * 1945-08-31 1949-12-20 Lorant Hugo Closure plug
US3362208A (en) * 1965-01-07 1968-01-09 Reynolds Metals Co Extruding metal members of varying wall thickness

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US976529A (en) * 1910-05-03 1910-11-22 William Westerman Means of producing seamless hollow bodies.
US1670336A (en) * 1926-05-10 1928-05-22 Krupp Ag Grusonwerk Extrusion press
US1859990A (en) * 1929-08-24 1932-05-24 Hydraulik Gmbh Metal extrusion press
US1948400A (en) * 1931-11-02 1934-02-20 Hydraulik Gmbh Metal extrusion press
US2388558A (en) * 1941-05-09 1945-11-06 Loewy Eng Co Ltd Metal extrusion press and method of operating same
US2491897A (en) * 1945-08-31 1949-12-20 Lorant Hugo Closure plug
US3362208A (en) * 1965-01-07 1968-01-09 Reynolds Metals Co Extruding metal members of varying wall thickness

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4245491A (en) * 1976-10-21 1981-01-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Wako Method and device for producing hollow articles having flanges
US4326399A (en) * 1978-03-14 1982-04-27 Secim Extrusion press operating by the indirect method
US4606210A (en) * 1980-04-02 1986-08-19 Swiss Aluminum Ltd. Extrusion press for manufacturing extruded sections from metal billets
US4443143A (en) * 1982-03-08 1984-04-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Billet scalper and drive mechanism therefor
US4522052A (en) * 1982-07-01 1985-06-11 Clecim Processes and devices for the drawing of tubes by extrusion
US4631949A (en) * 1982-08-31 1986-12-30 Furukawa Aluminum Co., Ltd. Method of loading billet in the indirect extruding press
US4781053A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-11-01 Stewart Charles L Indirect extrusion process and machinery therefor
US4785652A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-11-22 Stewart Charles L Indirect extrusion press with ram-mounted turret supporting tooling
FR2865947A1 (fr) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-12 Vai Clecim Presse de filage de tubes
EP1563920A1 (de) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-17 Vai Clecim Presse zum Strangpressen von Rohren
RU2486980C1 (ru) * 2012-04-03 2013-07-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский институт легких сплавов" (ОАО "ВИЛС") Способ изготовления труб из труднодеформируемых металлов
CN104550286A (zh) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-29 江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司 一种单工位设备的连续挤压方法
CN108994103A (zh) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-14 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 一种铝合金无缝异型材反向双动挤压装置及生产方法
CN108994103B (zh) * 2018-08-16 2023-10-10 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 一种铝合金无缝异型材反向双动挤压装置及生产方法

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DE1452320C3 (de) 1975-02-06
GB1121599A (en) 1968-07-31
DE1452320A1 (de) 1969-01-09
DE1452320B2 (de) 1974-06-27

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