US3528145A - Split detector for fabrics undergoing incremental lateral stretching - Google Patents

Split detector for fabrics undergoing incremental lateral stretching Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3528145A
US3528145A US772221A US3528145DA US3528145A US 3528145 A US3528145 A US 3528145A US 772221 A US772221 A US 772221A US 3528145D A US3528145D A US 3528145DA US 3528145 A US3528145 A US 3528145A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
stretching
web
rolls
lands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US772221A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Walter S Troope
Charles G Corp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cluett Peabody and Co Inc
Original Assignee
Cluett Peabody and Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cluett Peabody and Co Inc filed Critical Cluett Peabody and Co Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3528145A publication Critical patent/US3528145A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
    • D06H3/00—Inspecting textile materials
    • D06H3/10—Inspecting textile materials by non-optical apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
    • D06C3/06—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics by rotary disc, roller, or like apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to a method and apparatus for stretching and elongating a continuously advancing web of textile fabric transversely to its direction of travel by subjecting it progressively to a multiplicity of simultaneously applied, closely spaced, laterally aligned, sets of stretching forces while simultaneously restraining the selvages against movement toward each other.
  • An ultrasonic scanner is employed to detect and indicate the presence of any fabric splits that may occur.
  • the transverse stretching may be effected either with or without prior or subsequent chemical treatment of the web.
  • This invention relates generally to new and useful improvements in processes and equipment for treating a continuously advancing fabric web and particularly seeks to provide a novel apparatus for stretching a fabric web transversely to its direction of travel in a multiplicity of closely spaced lateral increments and includes means for detecting any splits that may occur as the result of inadvertently over-stretching the fabric.
  • stretching of the warp threads or yarns may be effected simply by passing the fabric web between the nips of a pair of transverse corrugating rolls or between the nips of two successive closely spaced pairs of draw rolls, the second pair of which is operated at a peripheral speed that is a predetermined amount greater than that of the first pair; thus first imparting an apparent elongation of the warps by temporarily straightening the undulations thereof, then imparting an actual elongation thereto after the undulations have been removed and then relaxing the applied tension to permit the stretched warps to resume their undulating configurations.
  • the problem is to devise means for applying a controlled and uniform stretch along the full lengths of the wefts as they are being continuously advanced in the warp direction.
  • an object of this invention is to provide an improved process and apparatus for effecting a uniformly controlled stretching of the fabric web as it is being continuously advanced.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide apparatus of the character stated in which the fabric split scanning means includes a transducer for sonically detecting fabric splits as they occur.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of apparatus constructed in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged end elevation of a portion of the apparatus looking in the direction of the arrows 2-2 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view ow the sound reflecting trough and the mountings therefor.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic wiring diagram for the transducer amplifier.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the invention includes a web 10 of fabric that is supplied from a roll 12 arTd initially led over a spreader roll 14 which may be of the so-called scroll roll style having oppositely handed spiral grooves 16- and 18 extending outwardly from the center to the ends thereof.
  • the spreader roll 14 merely smoothes out any Wrinkles in the fabric and does not function to 3 impart any incremental stretching to the fabric within the meaning of this invention.
  • the web is then threaded into the nip formed by a pair of intermeshing circumferentially grooved rolls 20 and 22, of which the roll 20 is adapted to be driven from a power source (not shown) by a gear 24 afiixed to a roll shaft 26.
  • the roll 22 is mounted for radial adjustment with respect to the roll 20 in order to vary the degree of intermeshing therebetween; and the adjusting means may be either positive as with screw jacks, or yielding as with hydraulic or pneumatic loading cylinders 60 and '61 (as shown on FIG. 2) in the usual manner.
  • the rolls 20 and 22 respectively include a multiplicity of closely spaced lands 36 and 38 and grooves 40 and 42 which obviosuly are offset in order that the lands of one roll may be received by the grooves of the other roll.
  • the contouring of the lands and grooves should be generally curvilinear in order to avoid cutting edges, their exact shapes may be varied within rather wide limits.
  • These lands and grooves enable the fabric to be transversely stretched in a multiplicity of simultaneously applied small zone, small area increments in each of which the weft threads or yarns are uniformly stretched or elongated under controllable conditions.
  • the spacing of the lands (or grooves) preferably should be from about 1 to 3 em, but not over 10 cm., otherwise the benefits derived from the incremental stretching would be adversely affected.
  • This type of stretching might also be referred to as micro-stretching or micro-length stretching meaning simply that the transverse stretching takes place simultaneously over a multiplicity of closely spaced, laterally aligned small increments, zones or areas.
  • the degree of elongation that can be imparted to the wefts of the Web 10 may be varied by adjusting the spacing between the rolls 20 and 22. In some cases, due to the nature of the fabric being worked, a single pass between the intermeshed rolls is insufficient to produce the full amount of elongation desired. In such instances the web 10, after it leaves the rolls 20 and 22, is led past a second smoothing roll 28 and into the nip between a second pair of intermeshed stretching rolls 30 and 32 to complete the desired transverse elongation, after which it may again be smoothed as by a roll 34 and then Wound into batches or otherwise further processed.
  • the selvages '46 of the web '10 should be restrained against lateral displacement toward each other as the result of the foreshortening effect created by the intermeshed lands and grooves of the stretching rolls as the web passes through the nip thereof.
  • at least one O-ring 44 formed from rubber or other elastic and resilient material and having a cross-sectional configuration such as to be constantly contacted by an opposing roll land throughout the full range of adjustment between the intermeshed stretching rolls, is fitted into a groove 40 at each end of the roll 20 in a position underlying each selvage 46.
  • the opposing lands 38 of the roll 22 clamp the selvages 46 of the web against the O-ring 44 as the web passes through the roll nip, thus preventing lateral displacement of the selvages while permitting the remainder of the lands and grooves to effect the desired micro-stretching.
  • the O-rings 44 will be repositioned whenever a different width fabric is to be worked upon, and will be used at each stage of microstretching if more than one stage is needed.
  • the degree of intermeshing between the lands and grooves of the stretching rolls should be adjusted to provide either the full amount of desired transverse elongation in a single passage through the nip or a predetermined percentage thereof in a first nip and the balance in one or more subsequent nips.
  • the setting between the stretching rolls may be too close, thus rupturing or splitting the fabric parallel to the direction of web travel by overstretching.
  • formation defects in 4 the fabric to rupture at this point. Such a condition might remain undetected for a considerable time and cause the loss of substantial yardage of damaged fabric.
  • the apparatus is equipped with an ultrasconic scanning and detecting unit that includes a pair of 25 Kc. transducers 47, 47 mounted within and at each end of a horizontal metal trough 48 that extends laterally beneath the nip 49 of a pair of intermeshed stretching rolls 50, 50.
  • the trough 48 is mounted on the outer ends of a pair of spaced parallel arms 51, 51 the inner ends of which are pivotally attached by straps 52 to a frame tie bar 53.
  • the free ends of the arms 51 are provided with a pair of depending legs 54, 54 pivotally attached to a rod 55 extending therebetween.
  • the lower ends of the legs 54 are maintained in a spaced relation by a tie rod 56.
  • the legs 54 normally support the arms 51 in the solid line position shown in FIG. 4 so that the lips of the trough 48 become located within about /2" to 1" from the rolls 50 and the trough can reflect sounds emanating from the fabric leaving the nip.
  • the transducers 47 apart from any extraneous background noise, detect the sounds of any fabric splits that may occur and produce a voltage signal which is applied to the input of an amplifier which in turn causes the operation of any or all of the following: a warning signal, a fabric marker or a machine controller.
  • the schematic wiring diagram for a typical amplifier for this purpose is shown in FIG. 6 of the drawings.
  • Amplifiers A, B and C receive the output signal from transducers 47.
  • the amplifiers feed an input signal to transistor D.
  • a rectified output from D is received by transistor E.
  • the output of E in turn operates the appropriate signal device.
  • the resistor G is adjustable to account for background noise levels.
  • the fabrics could be of all natural fiber, all synthetic fiber or blends of natural and synthetic fibers.
  • the fabrics could be wet or dry and with or without chemical treating materials such as dyes, cross-linking or swelling agents.
  • the micro-stretching should take place before the fabrics are subjected to any final dimension stabilizing treatment.
  • a desized, bleached and dyed cotton poplin was dried to 40% moisture at C. and subjected to micro-stretching in accordance with this invention. After treatment, this poplin had a 25% increase of tear strength in the weft direction when compared to a control sample.
  • micro-stretched fabrics showed a deeper dye affinity than those not so stretched and the acid dyed stretched fabric had fewer streaks than did the acid dyed unstretched fabric.
  • the rolls 20 and 22 of a micro-stretching unit each are assumed to have an outside diameter of a length sufficient to operate on a fabric web 54" wide, and a multiplicity of uniformly curved lands and grooves on 1" centers with a trough to crest depth of 1"; and that the rolls and 22 were operated at a peripheral speed of 35 yards per minute (y.p.m.); and that the amount of intermesh between the lands and grooves is 50% of the trough to crest depth thereof, then if it is further assumed that the above mentioned 36/18 cotton poplin were run through the unit, the 25% increase in tear resistance in the transverse direction would be effected without causing any splits parallel to the direction of web travel.
  • Apparatus for transversely stretching a continuously advancing fabric web including, a pair of cylindrical rolls each having a multiplicity of closely spaced circumferential lands and grooves extending along the length thereof said groove spacing from about 1 cm. to 10 cm., means for maintaining said rolls in parallel relationship with the lands and grooves intermeshed whereby to apply simultaneously a multiplicity of closely spaced separate transverse stretching forces across substantially the full with of a fabric web passing through the nips formed between said lands and grooves, means for positively rotating at least one of said rolls, and sonic means for scanning said web after it has been transversely stretched and for detecting the sounds of any fabric splits that may occur.
  • said scanning and detecting means includes at least one ultrasonic transducer, a signal amplifier electrically connected to said transducer and means for receiving the amplified signal from said amplifier.
  • the apparatus of claim 2 additionally including means for adjusting the position of one of said rolls with respect to the other whereby to vary the degree of intermeshing between the lands and grooves of said rolls.
  • the apparatus of claim 3 additionally including means operably associated with said rolls for preventing the selvages of a fabric web passing through the nip thereof from being drawn laterally toward each other as the intervening portion of the Web becomes trans versely stretched.
  • said selvage movement preventing means includes at least one elastic O-ring carried within at least one groove of one of said rolls in alignment with each selvage of the fabric web passing thereby, each said O-ring having a cross-sectional dimension and configuration proportioned to assure contact with the opposed land of the opposed roll throughout the full range of land and groove intermeshing relationship therebetween.
  • said scanning and detecting means additionally includes a sound reflecting trough mounted in proximity to said rolls at the discharge side of the nip therebetween and in parallelism therewith, said transducer being mounted within said trough adjacent one end thereof.
  • said scanning and detecting means additionally includes a sound reflecting trough mounted in proximity to said rolls at the discharge side of the nip therebetween and in parallelism therewith, said transducer being mounted within said trough adjacent one end thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US772221A 1968-10-31 1968-10-31 Split detector for fabrics undergoing incremental lateral stretching Expired - Lifetime US3528145A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77222168A 1968-10-31 1968-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3528145A true US3528145A (en) 1970-09-15

Family

ID=25094344

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US772221A Expired - Lifetime US3528145A (en) 1968-10-31 1968-10-31 Split detector for fabrics undergoing incremental lateral stretching

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3528145A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1949809C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2022008A6 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1227507A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4365508A (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-12-28 Brandt, Inc. Limpness detector for documents and the like
US4368565A (en) * 1978-03-28 1983-01-18 Biax-Fiberfilm Corporation Grooved roller assembly for laterally stretching film
US4407164A (en) * 1982-07-01 1983-10-04 Burlington Industries, Inc. Impart machine for determining heat setting conditions
US4494740A (en) * 1982-06-19 1985-01-22 Kawakami Co., Ltd. Spreading equipment having selvage engaging independently rotated needle wheels
US5126946A (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-06-30 The North American Manufacturing Company Ultrasonic edge detector
US5468796A (en) * 1994-08-17 1995-11-21 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Creeping chemical composition and method of use
US6145174A (en) * 2000-03-28 2000-11-14 Podlesny; Michael Stretcher roller
US20040115411A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Zoned stretching of a web
US20040127875A1 (en) * 2002-12-18 2004-07-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Sanitary napkin for clean body benefit
US9469091B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2016-10-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making extensible web laminates
US9844476B2 (en) 2014-03-18 2017-12-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Sanitary napkin for clean body benefit

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1696109A (en) * 1928-07-05 1928-12-18 Dewhurst William Electric stopping device for stretching machines
US2752781A (en) * 1954-07-28 1956-07-03 Walter J Thorsen Apparatus for determining textile characteristics
US3164015A (en) * 1961-11-16 1965-01-05 Hans Biel Apparatus for detecting surface imperfections on moving webs, especially of paper
FR1470728A (fr) * 1966-03-04 1967-02-24 Raduner & Co Ag Procédé d'amélioration des propriétés de fibres se présentant sous la forme d'un objet textile à deux dimensions

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1696109A (en) * 1928-07-05 1928-12-18 Dewhurst William Electric stopping device for stretching machines
US2752781A (en) * 1954-07-28 1956-07-03 Walter J Thorsen Apparatus for determining textile characteristics
US3164015A (en) * 1961-11-16 1965-01-05 Hans Biel Apparatus for detecting surface imperfections on moving webs, especially of paper
FR1470728A (fr) * 1966-03-04 1967-02-24 Raduner & Co Ag Procédé d'amélioration des propriétés de fibres se présentant sous la forme d'un objet textile à deux dimensions

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4368565A (en) * 1978-03-28 1983-01-18 Biax-Fiberfilm Corporation Grooved roller assembly for laterally stretching film
US4365508A (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-12-28 Brandt, Inc. Limpness detector for documents and the like
US4494740A (en) * 1982-06-19 1985-01-22 Kawakami Co., Ltd. Spreading equipment having selvage engaging independently rotated needle wheels
US4407164A (en) * 1982-07-01 1983-10-04 Burlington Industries, Inc. Impart machine for determining heat setting conditions
US5126946A (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-06-30 The North American Manufacturing Company Ultrasonic edge detector
US5468796A (en) * 1994-08-17 1995-11-21 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Creeping chemical composition and method of use
US5490903A (en) * 1994-08-17 1996-02-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Creping chemical composition and method of use
US6145174A (en) * 2000-03-28 2000-11-14 Podlesny; Michael Stretcher roller
US20040115411A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Zoned stretching of a web
US20050147802A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2005-07-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Zoned stretching of a web
US6938309B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2005-09-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Zoned stretching of a web
US7039990B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2006-05-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Zoned stretching of a web
US20040127875A1 (en) * 2002-12-18 2004-07-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Sanitary napkin for clean body benefit
US8030535B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2011-10-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Sanitary napkin for clean body benefit
US8704036B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2014-04-22 The Procter And Gamble Company Sanitary napkin for clean body benefit
US10716717B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2020-07-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Sanitary napkin for clean body benefit
US9469091B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2016-10-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making extensible web laminates
US9844476B2 (en) 2014-03-18 2017-12-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Sanitary napkin for clean body benefit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1949809A1 (de) 1970-09-17
DE1949809C3 (de) 1978-09-14
DE1949809B2 (de) 1978-01-26
FR2022008A6 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-24
GB1227507A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3528145A (en) Split detector for fabrics undergoing incremental lateral stretching
US4156955A (en) Method and apparatus for preshrinking cloth
KR910003192A (ko) 연화 및 팽창 스티치 접합 직물
GB1498709A (en) Method of skewing twill fabric to avoid leg twist
US2721370A (en) Machine and process for shrinking and finishing woven textile fabrics
US2588624A (en) Method of finishing knitted fabric
DE10058386A1 (de) Verfahren und Anlage zur Begrenzung der verbleibenden Restschrumpfung von Strickwaren beim Trocknen nach dem Waschen
US3545054A (en) Method of longitudinally and laterally tensioning cloth
US2597530A (en) Method of treating fabric
US4058874A (en) Method for knitting and pre-shrinking knit fabrics in accordance with pre-determined comfort levels
US3943613A (en) Process for the shrinking and structure developments of textile webs and the like
US2450022A (en) Cloth finishing
KR0143918B1 (ko) 주름이 생기지 않는 신축성 직물의 염색가공방법
US2368637A (en) Method and apparatus for crimping textile fibrous material
US2097592A (en) Dye jig
US3382554A (en) Tentering apparatus for application of controlled, uniform tension to fabrics
US4631788A (en) Apparatus for mechanically conditioning textile materials
US2661520A (en) Shrinkage method for knitted fabrics
US2597528A (en) Apparatus for treatment of tubular knitted fabrics
US1982720A (en) Method and apparatus for treating cloth
US3606772A (en) Apparatus for treating cloth
US2700202A (en) Method of treating tubular knitted fabric
US2791021A (en) Process of making an improved resilient fabric
US3905765A (en) Steam treatment of fabrics
US1864373A (en) Finishing of fabric