Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
  • C11D3/3955—Organic bleaching agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
  • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
  • C01B15/005—Stabilisation of the solid compounds subsequent to the preparation or to the crystallisation, by additives or by coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0039—Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
  • C11D3/3953—Inorganic bleaching agents

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an improved process for washing cloth.
• per-compound-containing detergent compositions which liberate hydrogen peroxide as well as inorganic perhydrates, which, when dissolved, liberate hydrogen peroxide enclosed in their crystal lattice (e.g., certain perborates, perphosphates, persilicates) and peroxides which yield hydrogen peroxide by hydrolysis (e.g., sodium peroxide or certain percarbonates) of domestic or industrial laundering is well known.
• Hydrogen peroxide and the precursors which liberate it in solution are good oxidizing agents for removing certain stains from cloth, especially stains caused by wine, tea, coffee, cocoa, fruits, etc.
• Hydrogen peroxide and its precursors have been found to bleach quickly and most efiectively only at a relatively high temperature, e.g., about 80 C. to 100 C.
• a relatively high temperature e.g., about 80 C. to 100 C.
• Such compounds tend to decompose and liberate oxygen at lower temperatures.
• This liberation of gaseous oxygen which is not involved in oxidation of dyed goods, needlessly consumes a sizable amount of hydrogen peroxide or precursors liberating it, both of which are expensive products.
• various stains in cloth greatly accelerate decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into gaseous oxygen during washing at ordinary temperatures.
• washing cloth either in a machine, by hand, or in boiler tubs, is accomplished by dissolving a detergent composition (containing perborate, for example) in cold or lukewarm water, adding the soiled cloth (from which some of the stains have often already been removed by soaking or previous washing) and heating, often just to boiling.
• a detergent composition containing perborate, for example
• this invention relates to a process of bleaching stained cloth in water at a temperature of at least 60 C. during said washing and bringing said stained cloth into contact with a peroxide compound.
• enzymes present in the stained cloth are degraded by the heat treatment and cannot further decompose the hydrogen peroxide provided by the peroxide compound in solution.
• the cloth is soaked or pre-washed in pure water or water containing a detergent composition which does not include a per-compound at a temperature between about 60 C. and the boiling point of the liquid. Soaking time varies according to the temperature used; it is usually 5 to 10 minutes, but, at boiling, may be reduced to several seconds.
• Peroxide compound is then added and the actual stainremoving operations commence; bleaching effectiveness is found to be greatly improved, compared with the usual process in which the peroxide compound is added with the soiled cloth to cold water and then heated to the desired temperature to C.).
• the peroxide compound is decomposed only during heating, it is possible to dissolve in cold water a detergent composition which does not contain a peroxide compound and add the latter when the temperature exceeds about 60 C.
• the peroxide compound should be protected from contact with the soiled goods until the temperature has reached about 60 C.
• peroxide compound it is a preferred aspect of this invention to add the peroxide compound to cold water (or before the latter has reached about 60 C.) provided that the peroxide compound is physically protected from contact with the soiled cloth, for example, if it is contained in hermetically sealed packages whose walls are made of a material which is only soluble in water when the temperature exceeds about 60 C., or if it is coated with a thin coating of an inert water-soluble material which is, however, easily dispersed in the bath and will not dissolve below about 60 C.
• Saturated fatty acids containing 16 to 20 carbon atoms like palmitic, stearic, and arachidic' are examples of these materials.
• the detergent may be contained in or coated with the physically protecting material in accordance with known materials.
• the peroxide compound which is employed in the instant invention may be an inorganic per-compound, typi cally alkali metal perborate, and includes perborate such as sodium perborate, perphosphate such as sodium perphosphate, persilicate such as sodium persilicate, percarbonate such as potassium percarbonate, peroxide such as sodium peroxide or hydrogen peroxide, etc.
• perborate such as sodium perborate
• perphosphate such as sodium perphosphate
• persilicate such as sodium persilicate
• percarbonate such as potassium percarbonate
• peroxide such as sodium peroxide or hydrogen peroxide, etc.
• the detergent composition employed in this invention may be a peroxide compound se or compositions which may also include soaps, various inorganic salts such as alkali metal silicates, sulfates, carbonates, etc.; products which prevent redeposition of stains such as carboxymethylcellulose, etc.; optical bluing products, anti-corrosion products, perfumes, dyes, etc.
• EXAMPLE 1 This example illustrates the rate of sodium perborate decomposition when the goods are soaked by conventional methods.
• EXAMPLE 2 Soiled cloth is machine Washed with commercial laundry soap powder, especially designed for machines, containing 10% sodium perborate, according to a cycle which provides for a pre-wash and washing for five minutes at boiling. A cloth dyed with pyrogene black is mixed with the soiled goods to measure bleaching effectiveness during washing. The dyed cloth is transferred It is apparent that practice of the invention by first contacting the soiled cloth with perborate at elevated temperatures vastly increased the effectiveness of the bleaching.
• EXAMPLE 3 Soiled cloth is washed with a detergent composition Without perborate 30 minutes at the boil by a technique similar to that described in Example 2, except that a boiler tub (rag boiler) is used. Bleaching effectiveness is measured as described above. The two methods for introducing sodium perborate (10% by weight based on detergent composition) are compared.
• EXAMPLE 4 Cloth soiled by tea is washed in 1,000 grams of water containing 3 grams of sodium perborate coated with 0.005 gram of a thin coating stearic acid at 40 C. The temperature is then gradually raised to 60 C. The stearic acid dissolves and liberates the perborate as the bleaching agent. Washing is then continued for thirty minutes at this temperature during which time the soiled cloth is bleached.
• a process of bleaching which comprises (a) presoaking stained cloth in aqueous media at a temperature below about 60 C. and (b) upon completion of said pre-soaking, contacting said cloth with an inorganic peroxide at a temperature of at least about 60 C. said peroxide being provided in coated form said coating consisting essentially of a saturated fatty acid containing from 16 to 20 carbon atoms.
• a bleaching composition adapted for use in the process of claim 1 consisting essentially of an inorganic peroxide compound coated with a saturated fatty acid containing from 16 to 20 carbon atoms.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=8588938

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (5)

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Citations (5)

• 1965
  • 1965-09-23 FR FR32443A patent/FR1457677A/fr not_active Expired
• 1966
  • 1966-07-25 CH CH1069966A patent/CH459944A/fr unknown
  • 1966-08-02 BE BE684971D patent/BE684971A/xx unknown
  • 1966-08-17 DE DE19661594828 patent/DE1594828A1/de active Pending
  • 1966-09-15 US US579507A patent/US3525695A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1966-09-19 NL NL6613214A patent/NL6613214A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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