US3523543A - Process and apparatus for the conveyance of an explosive oil - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the conveyance of an explosive oil Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3523543A
US3523543A US668016A US3523543DA US3523543A US 3523543 A US3523543 A US 3523543A US 668016 A US668016 A US 668016A US 3523543D A US3523543D A US 3523543DA US 3523543 A US3523543 A US 3523543A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
water
explosive oil
oil
explosive
injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US668016A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Martin
Werner Sassmannshausen
Jakob Franz Roth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3523543A publication Critical patent/US3523543A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/086—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products for explosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2931—Diverse fluid containing pressure systems
    • Y10T137/3003—Fluid separating traps or vents
    • Y10T137/3006—Liquids separated from liquid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86236—Tank with movable or adjustable outlet or overflow pipe

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a process and ap aratus for the conve ance of an ex losive oil usin an F I 1 y I p g a I 54] PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE emulsifying means, More particularly, the present disclosure IS CONVEYANCE OF AN EXPLOSIVE OIL directed to a process and apparatus for the conveyance of an 27 Claims3Drawing Figs explos ve Oll from a container to a point of consumption wherein water IS drawn into the conveying system during the [52] LS-Cl 137/1, i itiation of the process as well as before shutting off the 2 3 /5 system, that is, during the critical hases of the o eration of P P [51] lltLCl ..C06b 21/02 th y te a d a ordingly the entire convey
  • the present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the conveyance of an explosive oil such as nitroglycerin from one location to another. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with a process and apparatus which prevents air from being introduced into the conduit conveying system and thus substantially eliminates the dangers normally associated with the conveyance of explosive oils.
  • nitric acid esters for example an explosive oil such as nitroglycerin
  • an explosive oil such as nitroglycerin
  • the explosive oil is drawn into the system from a storage tank by a hydraulically operated injector using a suction nipple or a suction pipe, is emulsified with the propellant water downstream of the propellant nozzle of the injector and is then further conducted in the form of an emulsion through the pipeline to the consumption site or the like where the emulsion is then again separated in a separator into explosive oil and water.
  • emulsified explosive oil can be transported through conduits with relatively little danger.
  • the injector since the injector must initially withdraw pure explosive oil from the storage tank or the like, there are still considerable risks associated with the use of the previously known methods for conducting explosive oil by means of an injector. For example, one of these risks is the danger that during the transportation of the explosive oil air enters or is drawn into the oil.
  • the shock sensitivity of the explosive oil increases from 26.5 kpm/cm in the absence of air to about 1.86 kpm/cm in the presence of small air bubbles having a diameter of about lmm, to about 0.8 kpm/cm in the presence of air bubbles having a diameter of about 2mm, and finally to almost kpm/cm in the presence of air bubbles having a diameter of about 8mm.
  • a further dangerous factor is also represented by the presence of valves or control elements provided in or at conduits for the conveyance of pure and/or emulsified explosive oil, as required, for example, in German Auslegeschrift (published application) 1,085,448, British Patent 320,778 and Belgian Patent 529,430 in the previously known systems. Even if the dangers which arise from the use of metallic contact or sealing surfaces are avoided by the utilization of squeegee valves, diaphragm multiway valves, membrane valves, or the like, there still remains the danger of cavitation due to sudden change in cross section or the formation of a vacuum by the injector.
  • At least the explosive oil present downstream of the injector in the conduit will be conveyed in the form of a plug of pure explosive oil in front of the emulsion following thereafter, which represents a dangerous situation.
  • Another dangerous factor is also represented by explosive oil which has penetrated into the propellant water conduit, since this oil is pressed through the injector nozzle at a high speed when the operation of the system is initiated.
  • valves without the use of valves, be it in the suction line leading from the explosive oil tank to the injector or in the emulsion line leading from the injector to the consumer site, it has been heretofore impossible to conduct a preliminary rinsing or a post-rinsing step or an operation in accordance with the so-callcd inoculation method, which is a periodic introduction of explosive oil into the continuous stream of propellant water. Consequently, the abovementioned disadvantages inherent in valve-containing systems had to be tolerated.
  • An object of the present invention is to avoid the prior art disadvantages inherent in the conventional processes and apparatus for conveying explosive oil.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved process and apparatus for the conveyance of an explosive oil from one location to another which avoids the introduction of air into the conduit conveying system.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an im'- proved process and apparatus for the continuous conveyance v of an explosive oil from one location to the other wherein the use of valves in operating the conduits carrying the explosive therewith.
  • the propellant water employed for conveying the explosive oil and for covering the explosive oil can be reused.
  • a favorable water economy is obtained for the operation of the plant while on the other hand there is obtained the additional advantage that after the emulsion has been separated into explosive oil and water, the water which still contains traces of the explosive oil need not be subjected to a waste water purification step since it is re-introduced into the process. Additionally, the residues of explosive oil present in the water are not lost.
  • the suction port of the injector and the tank or tanks containing the explosive oil adjustable in height relative to each other.
  • This can be accomplished, for example, by connecting to the injector a flexible suction line wherein the end which is introduced into the explosive oil tank can be lifted and lowered by means of a lifting device.
  • a lifting device it is also possible to make the suction port of the injector stationary and make the explosive oil tank or tanks liftable and lowerable by means of a lifting and lowering mechanism so that the suction port can be positioned in the explosive oil or in the water, as desired.
  • the adjustability provided as a result of these features of the present invention is not dependent upon time, and is very advantageous since it affords the flexibility of adapting well to the respective conditions and thus is substantially free from restrictions.
  • the adjusting device In order to ensure maximum safety, even in case of operating problems, it is further suggested to provide the adjusting device with a control element which automatically controls the adjusting device upon each purposeful and also involuntary interruption of the conveyance of explosive oil in such a manner that the injector suction port adjusts to be in the water zone ofthe tank.
  • an auxiliary source of pressurized water is suitably connected between the injector and the pressurized water source, to the hydraulic line.
  • the hydraulic source and the auxiliary hydraulic source can advantageously be in communication with each other in such a manner that the auxiliary hydraulic source is automatically actuated when the hydraulic source, although set into operation, does not yet supply the required pressure for the propellant water.
  • FIGURE I shows the relationship between the shock sensitivity of explosive oil and the size of air bubbles present therein,and
  • FIGURE 2 shows the explosive oil conveyance system of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 3 shows a lifting device for raising and lowering a tank as defined by the present invention.
  • the apparatus of the present invention comprises two explosive oil tanks 1 and 2 which are in communication with each other at their lowest point by means of conduit 4, so that the explosive oil supplied to tank 2 via line 3 adjusts itself to the same level in both tanks.
  • the feeding of explosive oil into the container 2 is controlled by devices such as, liquid level control means, 27, a dual blocking means, in such a manner that the level of explosive oil in both tanks 1 and 2 is always maintained between a maximum and a minimum level.
  • Water is provided above the explosive oil in tanks 1 and 2.
  • the injector 5 with the following conveying conduit llis provided outside of the container 1 at the level of the water zone and is supplied with propellant water from the collecting tanks 6 using pump 7.
  • the suction line 9 which is connected to the injector at one of its ends is introduced into tank 1 at its other free end, said free end being liftable and lowerable by means of a lifting and lowering device 10, the stroke being set so that the end of the suction line is always in the lower terminal position, below the minimum level and, in the upper terminal position above the maximum level of the explosive oil level.
  • the elevating mechanism is of such a construction that the mouth of the suction line, when the system is shut off or if a breakdown in operation occurs, automatically adjusts to be in the water zone of the tank 1. The automatic adjustment is controlled by control means 28.
  • the elevating device which is not shown in detail, can function pneumatically, as well as hydraulically or mechanically.
  • the material for the suction line 9 should be as soft a substance as possible, for example a rubber material or a synthetic resinous material which is resistant to explosive oil.
  • Water is provided in the tanks 1 and 2 above the explosive oil.
  • the tanks communicate with each other near the upper rim thereof by means of conduit 19.
  • conduit 20 is connected to tank 1 at the same level as the conduit 19.
  • Conduit 20 leads to separator 21 which in turn is in communication with the propellant water tank 6 via conduit 22.
  • the propellant water tank 6 is connected by a conduit 23, provided with a control valve, to a source of propellant water which is not shown, and via outlet conduit 24 to a waste water station which is likewise not shown.
  • fresh water line 25 is provided along with control valve 26.
  • the check valve 8 prevents the water coming from the fresh water source from flowing in the direction of the propellant water collecting tank 6.
  • a storage tank of pressurized water or another source of pressurized water it is of course also possible to employ a storage tank of pressurized water or another source of pressurized water.
  • the explosive oil drawn in via the suction line 9 is emulsified with the propellant water in the injector and conducted in emulsion form through conduit ll into separator 12 which separates the emulsion into explosive oil and water. While the explosive oil is conducted via line 13 to further use or processing, the separated water flows through line 14 and supply container 15 into the waste water collector 16 from where the pump 17 recycles the waste water via conduit 18 into the tank 2. In case the separator 12 is at such a level that the waste water can flow by free gravity flow from container 15 into the explosive oil tank 2, the waste water collecting tank 16 and the pump 17 can accordingly be eliminated.
  • tank 1 connected therewith is also never without water, and in fact, will always be filled to overflow since in this manner the entire propellant water flows through the tank 1. Even if no explosive oil is in the tank, the system can still be operated continuously with pure water.
  • FIGURE 2 From the illustration of FIGURE 2 it can be readily seen that not a single valve is provided in the conduits of the entire system which carries explosive oil. Thus, it is of no significance whether the transportation of the explosive oil or the explosive oil emulsion is continuous or is conducted by the socalled inoculation method. It is merely a question of immersing the end of the suction line into the explosive oil, or the length of time the mouth of the suction line remains in the explosive oil and in the water. Likewise, it is of no import for the process of the present invention whether only a single storage tank for the explosive oil is employed or, as in the example, two or more tanks are connected in series. However, the use of two or more containers has the disadvantage when compared to using only a single tank that any emulsion introduced into tank 2 is first separated before it enters tank 1 from which the explosive oil is then withdrawn by the injector in pure form.
  • the arrangement of the injector 5 is of no significance in the arrangement and construction of the present invention. However, it is advantageous to provide the injector at the height of the water zone, for example approximately to cm above the maximum level of the explosive oil, since in this case the injector, when the system is not in operation, is always filled with water due to the communication between the injector 5 and the suction line 9.
  • the lifting stroke of the suction line 9 can be kept relatively small by providing the tanks 1 and 2 with a large inside cross section. in this connection, it is likewise advantageous if the transition from water intake to the intake of explosive oil and vice versa is conducted very slowly and smoothly in correspondence with the speed of the lifting motion of the suction line.
  • FIGURE 3 a lifting device 10 is illustrated wherein the height of tank 1 can be adjusted relative to the suction nozzle of the pipe line 9.
  • the range of height adjustability is greater than the difference between the maximum and minimum levels of the explosive oil in the tank.
  • All of the other components in FIGURE 3 bear the same reference numerals as shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the suction nozzle of the suction pipe line 9 is disposed in the water layer of tank 1 while the plant is in a standstill state.
  • water is first conveyed in this position and thereafter the suction pipe line 9 is lowered by means of the lifting and lowering device 10 to the extent that the suction nozzle is immersed in the nitroglycerin.
  • the nitroglycerin can now be transported. In this connection, it is of no importance whether or not the conveyance of the nitroglycerin is conducted continuously or by the so-called injection process.
  • the suction pipe line 9 is lifted from time to time by means of the lifting unit 10 so that the suction nozzle is again immersed in the water layer and water is taken in. Subsequently, the suction pipe line is again lowered. Before the plant is shut down, the suction nozzle is lifted into the water layer and water is drawn in until all of the pipe lines are filled with water and are free of nitroglycerin or nitroglycerin emulsion.
  • a process for the conveyance of an explosive oil from a container to a point of consumption which comprises maintaining a level of water over the explosive oil in the container, drawing water from the container through a suction conduit and introducing it into an emulsifying means and into the conveying system at the beginning of the process, moving said container and said suction conduit relative to each other to position the suction conduit in the water or the explosive oil layer, thereafter continuously drawing explosive oil or alternately explosive oil and water from the container through a. suction conduit and introducing it into an emulsifying means,
  • a process for the conveyance of an explosive oil from a container to a point of consumption which comprises maintaining a level of water over the explosive oil in the container, supplying propellant water to an emulsifying means, drawing water from the container through a suction conduit and introducing it into the emulsifying means, moving the container and the suction conduit relative to each other to position the suction conduit in the water or the explosive oil layer, continuously drawing explosive oil or alternately explosive oil and water from the container through the suction line and introducing it into the emulsifying means where it is emulsified with the propellant water and conducted in emulsion form to the point of consumption, and before the process is stopped, drawing water into the system until the conduits in said system are filled with water.
  • An apparatus for conveying an explosive oil froma container to a point of consumption which comprises container means containing explosive oil and a level of water covering said oil, an emulsifying means communicating with the explosive oil and water in the container means by conduit means, said conduit means having a terminal free end portion extending intosaid container, means for changing the height of the free end of the conduit means disposed in said container means, means for supplying propellant water to the emulsifying means and conduit means for conveying the emulsion from the emulsifying means to the point of consumption.
  • An apparatus for conveying an explosive oil from a container to a point of consumption which comprises container means containing an explosive oil zone and a water zone disposed thereabove, an injector means communicating with the container means by conduit means, said conduit means having a terminal free end portion extending into said container, means for changing the height of the free end of the conduit means disposed in said container means between the oil zone and the water zone, means for supplying pressurized propellant water to the injector means via conduit means, means communicating with said propellant water conduit means downstream of said injector means for supplying auxiliary fresh water to the system, and conduit means for conveying the emulsion leaving the injector means to the point of consumption.
  • the apparatus of Claim 23 wherein the container means comprises two tanks which communicate with each other at their upper and lower portions in the water zone and oil zone respectively to maintain the same water-oil levels in said tanks.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
US668016A 1966-09-14 1967-09-14 Process and apparatus for the conveyance of an explosive oil Expired - Lifetime US3523543A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0051088 1966-09-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3523543A true US3523543A (en) 1970-08-11

Family

ID=7053144

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US668016A Expired - Lifetime US3523543A (en) 1966-09-14 1967-09-14 Process and apparatus for the conveyance of an explosive oil

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3523543A (cs)
AT (1) AT273766B (cs)
BE (1) BE703825A (cs)
CH (1) CH464041A (cs)
DE (1) DE1571221A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1131779A (cs)
NO (1) NO118212B (cs)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2640328C1 (ru) * 2016-11-07 2017-12-27 Михаил Николаевич Оверченко Малогабаритная смесительно-зарядная машина для подземных горных работ
CN120576332A (zh) * 2025-06-09 2025-09-02 水电水利规划设计总院 一种缓解管道正压的空气罐及其应用方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3641207C2 (de) * 1986-12-03 1995-08-10 Meissner Gmbh & Co Kg Josef Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Lagerung und Entnahme von flüssigen Explosivstoffen in Form einer Wasseremulsion
DE102013110952B4 (de) 2013-08-15 2015-11-26 Josef Meissner Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Entfernung von bei der Herstellung von aliphatischen Nitratestern anfallenden Verunreinigungen

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2640328C1 (ru) * 2016-11-07 2017-12-27 Михаил Николаевич Оверченко Малогабаритная смесительно-зарядная машина для подземных горных работ
CN120576332A (zh) * 2025-06-09 2025-09-02 水电水利规划设计总院 一种缓解管道正压的空气罐及其应用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO118212B (cs) 1969-11-24
AT273766B (de) 1969-08-25
BE703825A (cs) 1968-02-01
CH464041A (de) 1968-10-15
DE1571221A1 (de) 1970-12-17
GB1131779A (en) 1968-10-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB1343841A (en) Apparatus and method for the degassification of liquids for example drilling muds
US4490044A (en) Automatic slurry concentration control system
US3895885A (en) Emptying system for fluid tanks
US3523543A (en) Process and apparatus for the conveyance of an explosive oil
GB1253540A (en) Apparatus for the degassification of drilling muds
US3481350A (en) Method and apparatus for diluting soap with an aqueous liquid
US1851927A (en) Mechanism for feeding measured quantities of liquid
US4702288A (en) Apparatus for the pneumatic injection of pulverulent materials into a pressurized vessel, and its application to the injection of powered coal into a shaft furnace
US3174503A (en) Automatic liquid flow arresting means
GB930166A (en) Fueling system for transferring fuel between reservoir means and vehicle fuel tanks
US4460318A (en) Apparatus and method for transferring slurries
CN103114838B (zh) 高压自动排砂装置
US2672372A (en) Transportation of solids
US2996222A (en) Airport hydrant system
US3185529A (en) Apparatus for hydraulically conveying discrete solids
GB1017399A (cs)
US2957484A (en) Injector apparatus and methods of injecting
US2714043A (en) Conveyor apparatus
US3680606A (en) Static-reducing and vapor-reducing loading valve for tank trucks
RU2091127C1 (ru) Устройство для фильтрования и залива в герметичные емкости различных жидкостей
US1419273A (en) Pumping system
CN212467750U (zh) 装带变频电机的乳化泵站
US2762545A (en) Filling system
US3513870A (en) Apparatus of hydraulic backward stop system for gas duct line
JPS54137535A (en) Water feeding device in oiless underwater bearing