US3521117A - Focusing device in a multi-cavity klystron - Google Patents

Focusing device in a multi-cavity klystron Download PDF

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Publication number
US3521117A
US3521117A US728571A US3521117DA US3521117A US 3521117 A US3521117 A US 3521117A US 728571 A US728571 A US 728571A US 3521117D A US3521117D A US 3521117DA US 3521117 A US3521117 A US 3521117A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cavity
klystron
electron beam
drift
focusing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US728571A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Schmidt
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US3521117A publication Critical patent/US3521117A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/20—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator having special arrangements in the space between resonators, e.g. resistive-wall amplifier tube, space-charge amplifier tube, velocity-jump tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a focusing device for guiding an electron beam in a multi-cavity klystron having at least two electrostatic focusings of the electron beam in the drift space adjoining an anode of an electron gun.
  • Electrostatic focusing of the electron beam in a onecavity klystron is known from the U8. patent specification 2,567,674.
  • this one-cavity klystron the electron beam which emerges from a cathode having a large surface area is focused in the electron gun by an electrostatic focusing onto an exit aperture of the electron gun which has a substantially smaller diameter than the cathode of the electron gun.
  • Such an electrostatic focusing may be effected either by the particular shape of the anode, for example, by constructing the anode as an exponential horn, or by constructing the anode as several bodies, which like in the case of a lens, are arranged behind each other in the direction of the electron beam.
  • the invention proposes, for a better guiding of the electron beam, a focusing device of the type mentioned in the preamble which is characterized in that in the drift space an electromagnetic or permanent magnetic focusing unit, which extends 3,521,117 Patented July 21, 1970 over at least the last two drift spaces and the exit gap, adjoins the electrostatic focusing.
  • an electromagnetic or permanent magnetic focusing unit which extends 3,521,117 Patented July 21, 1970 over at least the last two drift spaces and the exit gap, adjoins the electrostatic focusing.
  • the drawing shows a multi-cavity klystron having four cavities.
  • the essential parts of said multi-cavity klystron are an electron gun 1 consisting inter alia of a cathode 2 and an anode 3 for concentrating the electron beam denoted by the broken lines 4.
  • a drift space 5 is provided at the end of the electron gun 1 .
  • the drift space begins behind the anode 3.
  • a collector 6 is arranged, in the cavity 25 of which the electron beam 4 is caught.
  • several cavities 7 are arranged which consist of non-evacuated cavity portions 9 and evacuated cavity portions 8.
  • the evacuated cavity portions are constructed in known manner from two cavity flanges 10 and 11 between which an insulating seramic ring 12 is arranged.
  • the non-evacuated cavity portions 9 the short circuit slides are arranged for tuning which are not shown to avoid complexity of the drawing.
  • the interaction spaces 13, 14, 15 and 16 are provided in the evacuated cavity portions, the last of which (16) is also referred to as a so-called exit gap.
  • the cavities 7 are arranged which connect the drift spaces 17, 18 and 19, and behind the exit gap 16 there is the drift space 20 to which the collector 6 of the multi-cavity klystron adjoins.
  • the drift spaces 5, 17 and 18 are interrupted in known manner by electrostatic focusing systems which produce a sharp concentration of the electron beam to the next interaction gap.
  • the electrostatic focusing units are at a common negative voltage 21 which is equal to the cathode potential.
  • electromagnetic or permanent magnetic systems 22 and 23 are provided at the area of the drift space 19 and the drift space 20 and produce a magnetic field the field lines of which are shown as dot-and-dash lines.
  • the magnetic field is concentrated substantially over the exit gap but may also scatter over the interaction gap 15.
  • the cavity flanges 11 and 12 of the two last evacuated klystron cavity portions 8 may consist of soft iron.
  • the non-evacuated cavity portions 9 of the last two cavities may also contain soft iron portions on their outer circumference as denoted by 24.
  • the end face of the collector is provided with a sealing ring 26 which consists of soft iron.
  • Pole-shoes may adjoin in known manner the cavity flanges 11 and 12 on the drift space and enable a particular guiding of the magnetic field.
  • a multi-cavity klystron comprising an electron beam source and a collector defining an electron beam path, a
  • plurality of resonant cavities connected by drift spaces in the path of the electron beam and an exit gap between the collector and the last cavity, means to electrostatically focus the electron beam in at least two successive drift spaces following the beam source, and means to mag- 5 netically focus the beam in the exit gap and at least one of the preceding drift spaces in which the beam is not electrostatically focused adjoining drift spaces in which the beam is electrostatically focused.

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  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Electron Beam Exposure (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
US728571A 1967-05-18 1968-05-13 Focusing device in a multi-cavity klystron Expired - Lifetime US3521117A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671541961 DE1541961B2 (de) 1967-05-18 1967-05-18 Mehrkammerklystron mit einem fokussierungssystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3521117A true US3521117A (en) 1970-07-21

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ID=5676190

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US728571A Expired - Lifetime US3521117A (en) 1967-05-18 1968-05-13 Focusing device in a multi-cavity klystron

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3521117A (de)
DE (1) DE1541961B2 (de)
FR (1) FR1572565A (de)
GB (1) GB1221977A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4401918A (en) * 1980-11-10 1983-08-30 Maschke Alfred W Klystron having electrostatic quadrupole focusing arrangement
US4412150A (en) * 1980-11-12 1983-10-25 Igor Alexeff Maser
US4459511A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-07-10 Igor Alexeff Maser
US4558258A (en) * 1982-04-26 1985-12-10 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Klystron unit
US4611149A (en) * 1984-11-07 1986-09-09 Varian Associates, Inc. Beam tube with density plus velocity modulation

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274430A (en) * 1963-08-01 1966-09-20 Massachusetts Inst Technology Biased-gap klystron
US3394282A (en) * 1964-07-23 1968-07-23 Philips Corp Electron beam discharge with periodic permanent magnet focussing

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274430A (en) * 1963-08-01 1966-09-20 Massachusetts Inst Technology Biased-gap klystron
US3394282A (en) * 1964-07-23 1968-07-23 Philips Corp Electron beam discharge with periodic permanent magnet focussing

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4401918A (en) * 1980-11-10 1983-08-30 Maschke Alfred W Klystron having electrostatic quadrupole focusing arrangement
US4412150A (en) * 1980-11-12 1983-10-25 Igor Alexeff Maser
US4459511A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-07-10 Igor Alexeff Maser
US4558258A (en) * 1982-04-26 1985-12-10 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Klystron unit
US4611149A (en) * 1984-11-07 1986-09-09 Varian Associates, Inc. Beam tube with density plus velocity modulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1541961B2 (de) 1972-02-17
FR1572565A (de) 1969-06-27
GB1221977A (en) 1971-02-10
DE1541961A1 (de) 1970-11-26

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