US3518184A - Textile fiber finish composition - Google Patents

Textile fiber finish composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US3518184A
US3518184A US636009A US3518184DA US3518184A US 3518184 A US3518184 A US 3518184A US 636009 A US636009 A US 636009A US 3518184D A US3518184D A US 3518184DA US 3518184 A US3518184 A US 3518184A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
weight
fibers
parts
salt
viscosity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US636009A
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English (en)
Inventor
William N Potter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Publication of US3518184A publication Critical patent/US3518184A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y10T428/2907—Staple length fiber with coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

  • a finish for polyamide staple fibers which comprises (a) a n-butyl monoether of a polyoxyalkylene glycol where the monoether has a viscosity of about 90 to 160 centipoises at 25 C.,
  • a finish composition comprising about 40 to 50 parts of the n-butyl monoether of a polyoxyalkylene glycol having a viscosity of 90 to 160 centipoises at 25 C., said ether bein the reaction product of n-butanol and a mixture of ethylene oxide and 1,2 propylene oxide in a weight ratio of about 1:1; about 20 to 40 parts of the potassium salt of a mixture of phosphate monoesters and diesters of an alcohol having the formula wherein n is 3 to about 12.0 to 15.0 parts of mineral oil; about 4.0 to 6.0 parts of a sodium salt of sulfated peanut oil; and about 4.0 to 5.0 parts of an alkali metal and/ or amine salt of oleic acid.
  • the above materials constitute the active ingredients of the compositions of this invention.
  • additives such as buffering agents, tints, emulsification assistants, biocides and the like.
  • the total amount of the additives should not exceed about 2% of the weight of the composition and preferably no individual additive will exceed about 1% of the total weight.
  • the emulsion will be deposited on the fibers by passing them across the face of a roll rotating in a trough containing the emulsion so that the fibers have about 0.5 to 0.7 percent of the solids.
  • application may be made by spraying or dipping and the like as known to those skilled in the art to produce the desired result.
  • the fibers In the production of yarns from polyamide staple fibers, it is necessary that the fibers be workable, i.e., capable of movement with respect to neighboring fibers so that they may be carded, blended, drafted and the like. However, such movement should not be so readily obtained that a serious strength loss occurs. Consequently, fiber finishing compositions must provide a cohesive mass rather than slickened individual fibers. Further, this result, i.e., mass cohesion, must be obtained without any concomitant production of a material having a tacky or gummy nature. Moreover, the desired level of mass cohesion must be obtained after a heat treatment when the fibers are subjected to heat during and following drawing.
  • a finish composition suitable for producing yarns from heat-treated polyamide staple fibers must possess thermal stability, lubricity, cohesion and antistatic characteristics without any one of these characteristics suffering unduly to provide an acceptable level for one of the others and that this combined result he achieved without any unacceptable consequence.
  • the fibers are first carded into a web so as to open up the baled material. Due to this high degree of fiber working, appreciable static can be generated leading to a severe deterioration of carding performance due to clinging of the fibers to metal parts of the card, poor web formation and the like. Consequently, an antistatic material is needed.
  • This invention is largely based on the discovery that a certain type of alkylene oxide condensate having a critical level of viscosity can be successfully compounded with an antistat to produce a novel blend suitable for use in the production of non-tacky carded webs having high cohesive strength and low static levels.
  • the polyalkylene oxide condensate constitutes a major weight portion of the compositions of this invention and the viscosity of the condensate should be within the range of about to 160. In general, if the viscosity is too low, the cohesive strength of the web will be low; and, if the viscosity is too high, the workability of the fibers will be poor.
  • the alkylene oxide condensate used in this invention is obtained by mixing about equal parts, by weight, of of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide which is then recacted with n-butanol to produce a monobuytl ether of the alkylene oxide reaction product to give an ether having an average molecular weight from about 1,000 to 1,500, preferably about 1,100 to 1,300.
  • molecular weight is related to viscosity and since viscosity can be more meaningful when related to finish performance, it is viscosity that is of primary importance herein.
  • the potassium salt of a phosphate ester is obtained by neutralizing the partial esters obtained by reacting phosphorus pentoxide with the aliphatic alcohol compound.
  • the salt will be a mixture of the monoester and diester of the partial phosphates formed from the product obtained by condensing 4 mols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of l-phenyl-l(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane.
  • Suitable mineral oils are any highly refined paraffinic based mineral oil having a viscosity of about 5 to centipoises at 25 C.
  • the mineral oil will have a viscosity of about 10 centipoises at 25 C. to lower the high frictional properties contributed by the sulfated peanut oil salt.
  • the salt of the sulfated peanut oil can be obtained by reacting sulfuric acid with the glycerides in peanut oil followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide.
  • the alkali metal salt of oleic acid employed in this invention is preferably the potassium salt.
  • Lower alkyl amines and lower alkanol amines may be used as the salt former; however, a preferred amine salt is formed from triethanolamine and oleic acid. Mixtures of these two salts are a preferred embodiment.
  • the fiber may be formed from any of the nylons but is preferably of polyhexamethylene adipamide.
  • Freshly spun polyhexamethylene adipamide fibers are converged into a yarn bundle, the yarn bundle is passed over a roll coated with a finish composition, so as to deposit 0.6% of solids based on the Weight of the treated yarn, and the bundles combined into a tow havnig a denier of 580,000.
  • the finish composition is prepared by mixing two separate components.
  • the first component is made by mixing 598 grams of distilled water, 84.6 grams of a solution containing 45% potassium hydroxide and 193 grams of oleic acid at room temperature.
  • To this soap solution is added, with agitation at room temperature, 191 pounds (86.7 kilograms) of a material obtained by condensing equal portions of ethylene oxide and oxy-1,2-propylene with n-butanol to form the monobutyl ether of polyoxyalkylene glycols having a viscosity of 155.8 centipoises at 250 C.
  • the second component is prepared by mixing together 2416.5 pounds (1095 kilograms) of No. 50 mineral oil, 1132 pounds (514 kilograms) of the sodium salt of sulfated peanut oil (a commercial product containing about 23% of water), 97.2 pounds of diethylene gylcol (44 kilograms), 97.2 pounds (44 kilograms) of a solution containing 45%, by weight, of potassium hydroxide, 553 pounds (251 kilograms) of oleic acid, 209 pounds (95 kilograms) of triethanol amine, 209 pounds (95 kilograms) of a solution containing 40% of the sodium salt of o-phenylphenol, and 147 pounds (66.8 kilograms) of water.
  • This mixture is heated to 60 C., stirred 30 minutes and then cooled to room temperature.
  • This material is then used in the preparation of an aqueous emulsion by slowly adding it at a ratio of 111. 8 parts to 378.2 parts of water, with vigorous agitation, to give an emulsion having about solids.
  • the fibers are partially drawn by the use of snubbing pins and drawing is completed, by passing the fibers over a hot plate heated to a temperature of 185 C., to a d.p.f. of 2.3.
  • the drawn fibers pass directly into an oven having a roll at the far end for reversal of the tow.
  • the tempera- 4 ture of the oven is 185 C. at the entry/ exit end and 195 C. at the roll end.
  • the fibers are exposed to heat for a period of about 20 seconds.
  • the fibers are cooled and cut into staple fibers 1.5 inches (3.8 centimeters) in length.
  • the relatively smooth cylindrical staple fibers are then packaged by being compressed in a high-pressure baler so as to deform the filaments.
  • the web When the staple fibers described above are carded into a web, the web has a static level of 0.5 millivolt of static electricity as measured by a Type 42W Electrostatic Locator manufactured by the Sunco Co. Inc. of Lansdale, Pa. In addition to a reduction in static level as compared to a similarly used commercial finish composition, an increase in web strength of over 20% is obtained.
  • compositions failing to provide the advantages of this invention there may be mentioned (1) the composition obtained by removing the phosphate ester, and substituting a like amount of the alcohol from which it is prepared, from the finish composition described in the example, and (2) the composition obtained by substituting comparable amounts of a salt of an alkyl phosphate ester and the same alkylene oxide condensate having a viscosity of 64 centipoises at 25 C. for the phosphate and condensate of the example.
  • a textile fiber finish composition which consists essentially of (a) about 40 to 50 parts by weight of the n-butyl monoether of a polyoxyalkylene glycol having a viscosity of to centipoises at 25 C., said ether being the reaction product of n-butanol and a mixture of ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide in a weight ratio of about 1:1;
  • Polyamide fibers carrying about 0.2 to 1.0 percent based on the Weight of said polyamide of a composition having (a) about 40 to 50 parts by weight of the n-butyl monoether of a polyoxyalkylene ether having a viscosity of 90 to 160 centipoises at 25 C., said glycol being the reaction product of n-butanol and a mixture of ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide in a weight ratio of about 1:1,
  • n is 3 to 5; (d) about 4.0 to 6.0 parts by Weight of a sodium salt (c) about 12.0 to 15.0 parts by weight of mineral oil; of Sulfated Peanut and (d) about 4.0 to 6.0 parts by weight of a sodium salt of about 51) Parts y Weight of an oleic acid sulfated peanut oil; and salt of an alkali metal, an amine selected from the (e) about 4 .0 to 5.0 parts by weight of an oleic acid group consisting of lower alkyl amines and lower salt of an alkali metal, n amine sele ted fr th alkanolamines or mixtures of oleic acid salts of said group consisting of lower alkyl amines and lower ali metal and Said aminealkanolamines or mixtures of oleic acid salts of said A p oce s fined in Claim 6 Where Said polyalkali metal and aid amin amide is polyhexamlethylene a
  • glycol being 25 the reaction product of n-butanol and a mixture of HERBERTB GUYNN Primary Examiner ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide in a weight ratio of about 1:1; s CL (b) about 20 to 40 parts by weight of the potassium salt of a mixture of phosphate monoesters and di- 30 117 138-8 139-5; 252-8], 260.951

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US636009A 1967-05-04 1967-05-04 Textile fiber finish composition Expired - Lifetime US3518184A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US63600967A 1967-05-04 1967-05-04
NL6806168A NL6806168A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-05-04 1968-05-01

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US3518184A true US3518184A (en) 1970-06-30

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US636009A Expired - Lifetime US3518184A (en) 1967-05-04 1967-05-04 Textile fiber finish composition

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3658573A (en) * 1969-04-08 1972-04-25 Eastman Kodak Co Support provided with antistatic layer
US3855776A (en) * 1971-06-22 1974-12-24 Asahi Chemical Ind Synthetic thermoplastic multifilament yarns
US3925588A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-12-09 Allied Chem Production of polyester yarn
US4069160A (en) * 1975-01-20 1978-01-17 Hoechst Fibers Industries, Division Of American Hoechst Corporation Texturing finish for synthetic filaments
US4144178A (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-03-13 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Composition for lubricating treatment of synthetic fibers
US4169061A (en) * 1976-04-22 1979-09-25 Eastman Kodak Company Fiber treating compositions
US4442249A (en) * 1982-10-07 1984-04-10 Fiber Industries, Inc. Partially oriented polyester yarn finish
US4673439A (en) * 1985-03-15 1987-06-16 Mitsubishi Oil Co., Ltd. Sizing agent for paper making
US4816336A (en) * 1986-04-04 1989-03-28 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Synthetic fiber having high neutralized alkyl phosphate ester finish level
US5240743A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-08-31 Henkel Corporation Fiber finishing methods
US5314718A (en) * 1992-02-28 1994-05-24 Henkel Corporation Fiber finishing methods
US5576470A (en) * 1994-08-29 1996-11-19 Henkel Corporation Polyol esters of ether carboxylic acids and fiber finishing methods
US5830240A (en) * 1996-10-23 1998-11-03 Solutia Inc. Fibers and textile materials having enhanced dyeability and finish compositions used thereon
US5944852A (en) * 1996-10-23 1999-08-31 Solutia Inc. Dyeing process
US6369159B1 (en) 1987-05-13 2002-04-09 Pdm Holdings Corp. Antistatic plastic materials containing epihalohydrin polymers

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2150568A (en) * 1936-06-12 1939-03-14 Celanese Corp Textile material and method of making same
US2407105A (en) * 1944-01-05 1946-09-03 Celanese Corp High tenacity filamentary materials
US2425755A (en) * 1944-06-01 1947-08-19 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Mixtures of polyoxyalkylene monohydroxy compounds and methods of making such mixtures
US2865855A (en) * 1952-08-08 1958-12-23 Du Pont Textile treating composition
US3170877A (en) * 1961-12-21 1965-02-23 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Antistatic treating solution for polyacrylonitrile fibers and method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2150568A (en) * 1936-06-12 1939-03-14 Celanese Corp Textile material and method of making same
US2407105A (en) * 1944-01-05 1946-09-03 Celanese Corp High tenacity filamentary materials
US2425755A (en) * 1944-06-01 1947-08-19 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Mixtures of polyoxyalkylene monohydroxy compounds and methods of making such mixtures
US2865855A (en) * 1952-08-08 1958-12-23 Du Pont Textile treating composition
US3170877A (en) * 1961-12-21 1965-02-23 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Antistatic treating solution for polyacrylonitrile fibers and method

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3658573A (en) * 1969-04-08 1972-04-25 Eastman Kodak Co Support provided with antistatic layer
US3855776A (en) * 1971-06-22 1974-12-24 Asahi Chemical Ind Synthetic thermoplastic multifilament yarns
US3925588A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-12-09 Allied Chem Production of polyester yarn
US4069160A (en) * 1975-01-20 1978-01-17 Hoechst Fibers Industries, Division Of American Hoechst Corporation Texturing finish for synthetic filaments
US4169061A (en) * 1976-04-22 1979-09-25 Eastman Kodak Company Fiber treating compositions
US4144178A (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-03-13 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Composition for lubricating treatment of synthetic fibers
US4442249A (en) * 1982-10-07 1984-04-10 Fiber Industries, Inc. Partially oriented polyester yarn finish
US4673439A (en) * 1985-03-15 1987-06-16 Mitsubishi Oil Co., Ltd. Sizing agent for paper making
US4816336A (en) * 1986-04-04 1989-03-28 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Synthetic fiber having high neutralized alkyl phosphate ester finish level
US6369159B1 (en) 1987-05-13 2002-04-09 Pdm Holdings Corp. Antistatic plastic materials containing epihalohydrin polymers
US5240743A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-08-31 Henkel Corporation Fiber finishing methods
US5314718A (en) * 1992-02-28 1994-05-24 Henkel Corporation Fiber finishing methods
US5576470A (en) * 1994-08-29 1996-11-19 Henkel Corporation Polyol esters of ether carboxylic acids and fiber finishing methods
US5830240A (en) * 1996-10-23 1998-11-03 Solutia Inc. Fibers and textile materials having enhanced dyeability and finish compositions used thereon
US5944852A (en) * 1996-10-23 1999-08-31 Solutia Inc. Dyeing process

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Publication number Publication date
NL6806168A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-07-25
USB636009I5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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