US2088674A - Cleansing of textile products - Google Patents

Description

L .[retenisifaunia 1. 371 f T 3 3 3 2,088.67; CLEANSING F TEXTIIEPEODUGTS William White ead, cumbetland llid assignor tccelanese Corporation ct America, a corporat'u noi'llelau amze No Drawing. Application February 15, 1934, Serial'No. 111,448 v 9 Claims. {01. 87- 56) p This invention relates to the cleansing oitex mixed esters of cellulose and such products as tile yarns and fabrics and especially of those. fab-. nitro cellulose acetate. rics made from yarns containing organic deriva- This invention is :applicable to the cleansing tives of cellulose.- of filaments-andyarns, under which terms are 5 I. 'An obiectof .the invention isthe economic included, threads, assemblies or bundles of a 5 and expediti 'us production of clean textile fabnumber of continuous filaments whichv may be rics. Otherobjects of. the invention will appearin parallelrelationship or which may be twisted from the following detailed description. v together, artificial bristles, straws, short lengths By employing this, invention textile ,fabrics [of staple fibers, or yarn spunirom such staple maybe readily cleansed-of dirtyknots, oil stains, fibers, It is of primary importance however .in 10 dirt marks and loom stains. In the processing" 'cleansingiabrics formed from such yarns by any of woven, knitted or otherwise formed fabrics textile method for example weaving, warp knit- V there are developed spots of foreign matter'upon -ting, circular knitting, knotting, netting and Y j the fabrics, These spots may be caused by em- 1 braiding. It is also applicable to the treatment plo'yees knotting the yarns with dirty hand all 10f fl1mS,fOi]S and sheets of cellulosic material. 15

. d'ropping from bearings of the processingm'a- The yamsirom which the fabrics may be chinery and from unclean-bobbins, shuttles and formed may contain besides the cellulosicjbase other devices. These stains are usually" oily material effect materials Such as P .13 8 stains or an oil or grease containing dirt, iron xm a s. d e or lake fi e a a p a o rust, metallic salts and other foreign material. ticizels. Sizes and lubricil-lits- Examples me P i t this invention it has been necessary to retardantsare-beta chlornaphthalene, triphenyl give fabric long and severe scouring treatments, Phosphate, sy P osp a e a d the ammonpsometims requiring d" baths, remove ium salts of boron or phosphorus. Examples of these stains. By the present method'oi treat plasticizers are methyl Phthalate, b 'w menu, the Stams are feadny removed thus tr'ate etc. Examples of lubricants are olive oil, 'ingtime and it also reduces risk of injuring the mmeml all which may h- 1 .v 1 a tam preservatives and-aids such as oleic acid, This invention also is of advantage in remov- I Phenol-i h s e 'hexaml q'ulcmy and non' mj i sl g g m Other conditioning agents may be employed, ior

densation products formed by the ageing of ce'rexample ethoxy butYmte an/d 'ethers and 'tain' types of. lubricants and'coating material. of WW Examples 0f Theyarn is thoroughly cleansed without devel mg materials are 'd meta-L P m z hand swoop. ides or carbonates of metals and powdered orq Agordmg to w 1 tmbyams and ganic materials-that, when incorporated with the 1 3 fabrics, especially those containing organic decelhflosiqmaie 1 tend to Tb fight Exam rivatives of cellulose, with a detergent that is 5 9 slzes are x gelatmei with without formed in situ thus gaining an increaseiipene hydmscopic and mbricatinfg materials starches 'tration power and forming easier emulsiflcation m resins (15313 of resin n 317cm" ortne dirt, oil or other contaminating matter. These si materials may he added This invention is applicable to the treatment the yams by a i same to .the' spinning 4 or yarns and fabric of all types of material's'uch which h yarns are Spun they may as cotton, reconstituted cellulose (viscose or be mcm'mmted with the Yams after firms-non of 1.8mm m A flax. at 0 It is r the yarns by means of swelling agents or they cup 0 mm 0 menu may be applied to the yarns as a coating, dependyarns, mamentsland fabrics containing organic mg the result desired r The fa nos maybe formed of a single type of derivativeso cellulose suchas the organic esters yarn or or a mixture at yams for example a wa of silk and a weft of cellulose acetate or esters. of cellulose are cellulose acetate, cellulose g combinations. The fabrics may be dyed 5c cellulose human? and cellulose m prior to or after cleansing treatment according ate. whi e x mp e of organic celhflose ethers e to this invention. Permanent sizes for the mamethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulos and benzyl terial should be applied however after cleansing, lulose. The yarn may-be f r d f other 6- as the cleansing agents have high penetrating rivatives and/or substitution products of, cellupower and would tend to remove the sizes. lose for example the ether esters of cellulose, the In carryin out this invention the yarn or fabric is treated, by immersion, padding, spraying or other methods of application, with an agent that ly throughout the contamination to be removed from the fabric. The high degree of penetra- The agents that form with so p-like alkalies'a detergent material that are applicable to this react very rapidly with the alkali and the soap-like material produced has very strong emulsifying powers.

Any strong base trl-amines, mono-, di-

are not locally afoo fected by application of the naphthenic acid to the soiled places. The concentration of the various solutions may be varied to suit each particu- The following examples tion and not as limitations.

Example I A fabric made of are given as descripsoiled with finely divided 7:; metallic iron originating from the reed and A $0 is padded shuttle boxes, is padded with naphthenic acid and passed between pressure rollers to remove the excess acid leaving about 20% acid on the fabric.

The fabric is then allowed to stand 1 to 2 hours and then scoured at C. in a bath confrom 60 to 100 C. or more, however, one of the advantages of this invention is the efiiciency of cleansing in baths below C. or the temperature at which organic esters of cellulose may tend to become delustered. The use of cooler baths 1. e. below 85 tect the strength of the fabric if later treated in a hot bath.-

Example I] lied fabric, of

It is found to be clean and Example 11! Either naphthenic acid or oieic acid emulsifled in ten times its weight of watervby adding to the mixture of acid and water sumcient NH4OH this way a to 4% of acid is applied to the fabrics.

The acid may be applied to the fabric in amounts of from 2 to 30% on the weight of the fabric. The amount employed will depend upon the type and constituents of the fabric treated,

the degree of, contamination and employing other acids,

Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is: V

1. Method of washing textile materials containing cellulose esters, which comprises applyneutralize a part materials.

2. Method of taining cellulose C. has a tendency to prothe same is thereto an acid which forms a detergent soap with strong bases and thereafter subjecting the materials to the action of a dilute aqueous bath a base, selected from the group conhydroxides and amines, in quantity suiificient to neutralize a part taining cellulose acetate, which comprises applying thereto an acid which forms a detergent soap with strong bases and thereafter subjecting the materials to the action of a dilute aqueous bath containing a base, selected from sisting of alkali and ammonium amines, in quantity sufiicient to neutralize a part only of the acid on the materials.

5. Method of washing textile materials containing cellulose esters, which comprises locally applying to soiled parts of said materials an oilsoluble acid which is at most only slightly soluble in water and which forms a detergent soap with a and thereafter subjecting the mabath containing such strong base in quantity sufficient to neutralize a part only of the acid on the materials.

6. Method of washing taining cellulose acetate, applying to soiled 'soluble acid which is at most only slightly soluble in water and which forms a detergent soap with base and thereafter subjecting the mathe action of an aqueous bath contain- 7 quantity sufficient to neutralize a part only of the acid on the materials.

con-

a strong terials to applying t acid which'forms a base and thereafter subjecting the action of an aqueous bath strong base in quantity the free acid on the materials.

the

containing such v ath containing such base in quantity sufficient to neutralize a part only of the freeacid on the materials.

WILLIAM wnrrEnEAD.

sufficient to neutralize as of said materials a naphv