US3515202A - Method for continuous casting of metal ingots - Google Patents

Method for continuous casting of metal ingots Download PDF

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Publication number
US3515202A
US3515202A US661503A US3515202DA US3515202A US 3515202 A US3515202 A US 3515202A US 661503 A US661503 A US 661503A US 3515202D A US3515202D A US 3515202DA US 3515202 A US3515202 A US 3515202A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ingot
cooling
mold
jets
outlet end
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US661503A
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English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Bick
Wolfgang Weinreich
Lothar Harmsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PADERWERK Gebr BENTELER SCHLOS
Paderwerk Gebr Benteler Schloss Neuhaus
Original Assignee
PADERWERK Gebr BENTELER SCHLOS
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Publication date
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Publication of US3515202A publication Critical patent/US3515202A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/049—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for direct chill casting, e.g. electromagnetic casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
    • B22D11/1246—Nozzles; Spray heads

Definitions

  • a mold is provided wth a mold cavity having an inlet end adapted to receive a stream of molten metal, and an outlet end downstream from. the inlet end. Cooling channels for circulation of cooling fluid are provided in the walls of the mold for indirectly cooling the molten metal and causing at least partial solidification thereof so that it will issue from the outlet end as a continuous ingot.
  • a cooling system is arranged downstream of the outlet end and comprises a structure which defines a plurality of elongated slots extending in longitudinal direction away from the outlet end. Each of the slots exposes a longitudinally extending strip-shaped surface portion of the ingot. Means is provided for projecting into each slot against the respective surface portion which is exposed therein at least one jet of coolant fluid which impinges directly onto the surface portion over substantially the entire length of the associated slot.
  • the present invention relates generally to the continuous casting of metal ingots, and more particularly to a method of continuously casting metal ingots in stationary molds.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • the mold which generally consists of copper, comprises a mold cavity, having a inlet end into which molten metal is introduced, and an outlet end downstream of the inlet end.
  • a liquid cooling medium is used to cool the mold which latter, depending upon the diameter or the width of the side faces of the desired ingot, may have an axial length ranging between 600 and 1000* mm. Over this length the continuously moving ingot is in contact with the internally cooled smooth inwardly-directed copper faces bounding the mold cavity.
  • Molds of this type have not been found entirely satisfactory.
  • the reason for this is that, as the molten metal is introduced into the inlet end of the mold, radial heat exchange takes place between the molten metal and the mold with the result that the metal solidifies radially inwardly and forms a shell around the core which initially is still liquid. As this shell-formation takes place it is accompanied by shrinking of the molten material, and this in turn results in withdrawal of the solidified shell out of contact with the cool inner face of the mold.
  • the material approaches the region of the outlet end it is no longer in contact with the inner face of the mold which bounds the mold cavity and proper even cooling no longer takes place.
  • the present invention overcomes these disadvantages which have been outlined above.
  • the present invention provides a method of continuously casting metal ingots in which all parts of the advancing ingot are coo ed evenly and intensely.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention is relatively simple and requires neither great technological nor high economic expenditures, thus making its utilization feasible in a wide range of circumstances.
  • a method of continuously casting metal ingots in a mold which has a cavity provided with an inlet end and an outlet end.
  • the method involves the steps of continuously feeding molten metal into the inlet end of the cavity, and indirectly cooling the molten metal in the cavity intermediate the inlet end and the outlet end thereof.
  • the molten metal is at least partly solidified and continuously issues from the outlet end in the form of an ingot which moves in a predetermined direction, namely away from the outlet end.
  • jets of fluid coolant are directed directly against circumferentially adjacent relatively narrow but elongated stripshaped portions of the ingot surface and in a region which is elongated downstream from the outlet end and extends in the predetermined direction.
  • the jets of fluid coolant are caused to impinge onto the strip-shaped surface portions with high kinetic energy and their width is so selected that they are narrower than the width of the strip-shaped portions.
  • the fluid coolant By selecting the width of the jets of fluid coolant narrower than the width of the strip-shaped surface portions the fluid coolant is propelled without any impairment and impinges with full force onto the exposed surface portions, while on the other hand any coolant which is reflected by contact with the ingot surface is free to run off alongside the impinging jet and thus also does not interfere with the incoming coolant.
  • Our tests have shown that with our novel method we can obtain optimum cooling if the kinetic energy of impingement of the jets amounts to at least but preferably up to approximately kp. rn./min. cm.
  • the apparatus for carrying into effect our novel method comprises a mold which defines a cavity having an inlet end adapted to receive a stream of molten metal, and an outlet end which is located downstream from the inlet end.
  • Indirect cooling means is provided for cooling the mold so as to at least partially solidify the molten metal which enters the cavity whereby such metal issues from the outlet end in the form of a continuous ingot moving in predetermined direction.
  • a cooling system which is arranged downstream of the outlet end and which comprises a structure defining a plurality of elongated slots which extend in the aforementioned predetermined direction. Each of these slots exposes a longitudinally extending strip-shaped surface portion of the ingot. Means are provided for projecting into each of the slots and against the respective surface portion which is exposed therein at least one jet of coolant fluid which impinges directly onto the surface portion over substantially the entire length of the associated slot.
  • the nozzles utilized for projecting the jets are preferably of the type which produces a generally fan-shaped jet of coolant fluid which is relatively narrow but elongated so that the coolant fluid impinges over a relatively narrow but elongated area of the surface.
  • the width of this area of contact whether it be provided by a single nozzle or a plurality of nozzles should be significantly less than the width of each slot.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an apparatus embodying our invention in somewhat schematic representation
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken on the line IIII of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 the ingot has been omitted for the sake of clarity of illustration.
  • the ingot moves in downward direction through the mold cavity defined by the mold 2 (compare FIG. 1) and is actually formed in this mold cavity by introducing molten metal into the upper or inlet end of the cavity, which metal solidifies during passage towards the lower or outlet end of the cavity. Such solidification is facilitated by indirectly cooling the molten metal.
  • the mold 2 which consists of copper in the illustrated embodiment, is provided with internal channels 4 for circulation of a cooling fluid therethrough.
  • the channels 4 are connected with an inlet 5 and an outlet 6 for the cooling fluid which will generally be water, but may be another type of fluid.
  • the mold cavity is bounded by mutually inclined surfaces 7 of the mold, these surfaces 7 being smooth and being cooled by the cooling fluid circulating through the channels 4.
  • a cooling structure 3 Arranged immediately downstream of the outlet end of the outlet end of the mold cavity, and in the illustrated embodiment releasably connected with the mold 2, is a cooling structure 3 which, in the illustrated embodiment, consists of a plurality of hardened steel plates 8. Different materials are suitable for this purpose but we have found that a hardened steel such as the type known as St. 60 is particularly well suited for this purpose.
  • the plates 8 have a wall thickness ranging between 5 and 10 mm., and preferably on the order of 6 mm. They are circumferentially spaced from one another in parallel planes. The spacing is preferably on the order of 10 mm. but may range between 7.5 and 15 mm.
  • To maintain the plates 8 in their predetermined position relative to one another they are connected by means of anchoring rods 9 and distancing sleeve 10 which are placed onto the rods 9 intermediate the respective plates 8.
  • the plates 8 have inwardly-directed edge faces 8a which, as shown in FIG. 2, serve to engage and support the already solidified ingot 1, thus serving the dual function of guide surfaces.
  • the upper region of the structure 3 is surrounded exteriorly by a manifold 11 into which the cooling water is fed under high pressure through the inlet 11a.
  • the inner side of the manifold 11, that is the side which faces the outwardly-directed edge faces of the plates 8, carries a plurality of nozzles 12 which, in the illustrated embodiment, are constructed so as to produce substantially flat, narrow fan-shaped jets 13 of cooling fluid at a spraying angle of approximately 90 measured in the vertical, which jets 13 contact the strip-shaped surface portions of the ingot 1 intermediate the respective plates 8 over the entire axial height of the structure 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the width of each of the jets 13 is significantly smaller than the distance between the adjacent plates 8.
  • the nozzles 12 By inclining the nozzles 12 in the direction of movement of the ingot 1, that is downwardly away from the outlet end of the mold cavity, and by so providing the nozzles that they will produce the aforementioned spraying angle of 90, we assure that the liquid which impinges onto the strip-shaped surface portions of the ingot in the region closer to the outlet end of the mold cavity is of greater density and has a higher kinetic energy of impingement than in the region downwardly spaced therefrom.
  • the density and/or the kinetic energy decreases in the direction away from the outlet end of the mold cavity, and it is preferable that such decrease should be progressive.
  • the cross section of the nozzles 12 will be so selected that at any given speed of advancement of the ingot the ingot surface will be maintained at a temperature between 700 and a maximum of 1250 C. when the nozzles 12 are in use.
  • the nozzles 12 are arranged in the region of the upper end of the structure 3, that is adjacent the outlet end of the mold cavity. This is possible because of the fanshaped configuration of the jets 13. If, on the other hand, two or more nozzles are to be provided for each space between two adjacent plates 8 and, if these are then spaced from one another in longitudinal direction of the structure 3, then it is necessary that the liquid projected by these nozzles overlap at the point of impingement onto the strip-shaped exposed surface portions of the ingot 1. If two or more nozzles are used in this manner they can be of the general type shown in FIG. 1, but providing smaller fan-shaped jets, or they can be of the point-shaped jet-producing type.
  • the copper mold which is rigidly but preferably releasably connected with the structure 3, can be shortened as compared with conventional mold constructions to the extent that it will be either shorter or, preferably, approximately as long as twice the diameter of the ingot. If the ingot is of rectangular or quadratic cross section, then the length of the mold may preferably be twice as long as the width of a side face of the ingot.
  • the axial length of the structure 3 can be approximately the same as the axial length of the mold 2, but it can also be longer than the same.
  • a method of continuously casting metal ingots in a mold having a cavity provided with an inlet end and an outlet end comprising the steps of continuously feeding molten metal into the inlet end of said cavity; indirectly cooling the molten metal in said cavity intermediate said inlet end and said outlet end to thereby at least partly solidify the molten metal which continuously issues from said outlet end in the form of an ingot moving in predetermined direction; and directly cooling said ingot only downstream of said outlet by directing circumferentially spaced jets of fluid coolant with high kinetic energy and directly against longitudinal relatively narrow stripshaped portions of the ingot surface which alternate in circumferential direction of said ingot with other portions of said ingot surface against which such jets of fluid coolant are not directed.
  • step of directing jets of fluid coolant against strip-shaped surface portions comprises directing against each of said strip-shaped surface portions at least one jet of fluid coolant which impinges against the respective strip over substantially the entire length of said region.
  • step of directing jets of fluid coolant against said strip-shaped surface portions comprises flaring said jets in direction of elongation of said surface portions so that said jets impinge against said strips substantially over the entire length of said region.
  • a method as defined in claim 4 comprising the step of directing said jets against said strip-shaped surface portions from points which are spaced from said surface portions in direction transversely of said predetermined direction.
  • flaring said jets comprises flaring each of said jets to a greater extent in said predetermined direction and to a lesser extent oppositely said predetermined direction.
  • step of directing jets of fluid coolant against said strip-shaped surface portions comprises directing against each of said surface portions a plurality of jets spaced from one another in said predetermined direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US661503A 1966-08-20 1967-08-16 Method for continuous casting of metal ingots Expired - Lifetime US3515202A (en)

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DEP0040221 1966-08-20

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US (1) US3515202A (xx)
AT (1) AT289311B (xx)
BE (1) BE702578A (xx)
CH (1) CH463708A (xx)
DE (1) DE1508931A1 (xx)
ES (1) ES344254A1 (xx)
FI (1) FI47288C (xx)
GB (1) GB1201315A (xx)
NO (1) NO119695B (xx)
SE (1) SE326802B (xx)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612152A (en) * 1969-04-15 1971-10-12 Concast Ag Billet cooling method for continuous casting
US3693352A (en) * 1970-09-22 1972-09-26 Demag Ag Method and apparatus for cooling wide continuous metal castings, particularly steel castings
US3726336A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-04-10 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Continuous casting of metallic elements
US3757849A (en) * 1972-04-28 1973-09-11 Koppers Co Inc Strand cooling support system
US3765472A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-10-16 I Rossi Improvements in supporting slabs during continuous casting
US3766963A (en) * 1971-04-23 1973-10-23 Innocenti Santeustacchio Spa Continuous casting methods and apparatus
US3794108A (en) * 1973-05-30 1974-02-26 Urban Reclamation Technologies High speed continuous casting system
US3882924A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-05-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Cast piece supporting apparatus for a continuous casting machine
US3981350A (en) * 1974-03-08 1976-09-21 Fives-Cail Babcock Apparatus for supporting and cooling a continuously cast product
US4019560A (en) * 1974-09-16 1977-04-26 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Spray cooling of continuously cast ingots
US4129175A (en) * 1977-08-01 1978-12-12 Gladwin Floyd R Continuous slab casting mold
US4235280A (en) * 1979-01-22 1980-11-25 Concast Incorporated Spray nozzle for cooling a continuously cast strand
US6354363B1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2002-03-12 Usinor Ingot mould with multiple angles for loaded continuous casting of metallurgical product
US20140127032A1 (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 Howmet Corporation Casting method, apparatus, and product
CN107020359A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-08-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 能够均匀降低铸坯表面温度的施工工艺

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3805878A (en) * 1972-02-16 1974-04-23 V Bashkov Mold with a turning mechanism for continuous casting of metals
JP6570738B2 (ja) * 2016-04-28 2019-09-11 Ｍｋテクノコンサルティング株式会社 鋼の縦型連続鋳造装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1055763B (de) * 1954-12-29 1959-04-23 Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Schwermetallen oder Schwermetallegierungen
US2946100A (en) * 1956-08-27 1960-07-26 American Smelting Refining Block graphite mold for continuous casting
US3098269A (en) * 1960-05-09 1963-07-23 American Smelting Refining Mold for continuous casting
US3124855A (en) * 1964-03-17 Baier
GB970284A (en) * 1961-09-13 1964-09-16 Concast Ag Improvements in or relating to a method and an apparatus for cooling continuous casting material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3124855A (en) * 1964-03-17 Baier
DE1055763B (de) * 1954-12-29 1959-04-23 Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Schwermetallen oder Schwermetallegierungen
US2946100A (en) * 1956-08-27 1960-07-26 American Smelting Refining Block graphite mold for continuous casting
US3098269A (en) * 1960-05-09 1963-07-23 American Smelting Refining Mold for continuous casting
GB970284A (en) * 1961-09-13 1964-09-16 Concast Ag Improvements in or relating to a method and an apparatus for cooling continuous casting material

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726336A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-04-10 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Continuous casting of metallic elements
US3612152A (en) * 1969-04-15 1971-10-12 Concast Ag Billet cooling method for continuous casting
US3693352A (en) * 1970-09-22 1972-09-26 Demag Ag Method and apparatus for cooling wide continuous metal castings, particularly steel castings
US3765472A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-10-16 I Rossi Improvements in supporting slabs during continuous casting
US3766963A (en) * 1971-04-23 1973-10-23 Innocenti Santeustacchio Spa Continuous casting methods and apparatus
US3757849A (en) * 1972-04-28 1973-09-11 Koppers Co Inc Strand cooling support system
US3882924A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-05-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Cast piece supporting apparatus for a continuous casting machine
US3794108A (en) * 1973-05-30 1974-02-26 Urban Reclamation Technologies High speed continuous casting system
US3981350A (en) * 1974-03-08 1976-09-21 Fives-Cail Babcock Apparatus for supporting and cooling a continuously cast product
US4019560A (en) * 1974-09-16 1977-04-26 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Spray cooling of continuously cast ingots
US4129175A (en) * 1977-08-01 1978-12-12 Gladwin Floyd R Continuous slab casting mold
US4235280A (en) * 1979-01-22 1980-11-25 Concast Incorporated Spray nozzle for cooling a continuously cast strand
US6354363B1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2002-03-12 Usinor Ingot mould with multiple angles for loaded continuous casting of metallurgical product
US20140127032A1 (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 Howmet Corporation Casting method, apparatus, and product
US10082032B2 (en) * 2012-11-06 2018-09-25 Howmet Corporation Casting method, apparatus, and product
US10711617B2 (en) 2012-11-06 2020-07-14 Howmet Corporation Casting method, apparatus and product
CN107020359A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-08-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 能够均匀降低铸坯表面温度的施工工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1508931A1 (de) 1970-03-05
GB1201315A (en) 1970-08-05
SE326802B (xx) 1970-08-03
FI47288B (xx) 1973-07-31
CH463708A (de) 1968-10-15
ES344254A1 (es) 1968-12-16
AT289311B (de) 1971-04-13
NO119695B (xx) 1970-06-22
BE702578A (xx) 1968-02-12
FI47288C (fi) 1973-11-12

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