US3510115A - Rotary melting furnace with peripheral cooling means - Google Patents
Rotary melting furnace with peripheral cooling means Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3510115A US3510115A US702644A US3510115DA US3510115A US 3510115 A US3510115 A US 3510115A US 702644 A US702644 A US 702644A US 3510115D A US3510115D A US 3510115DA US 3510115 A US3510115 A US 3510115A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- shell
- furnace
- melting furnace
- cooling
- rotary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/38—Arrangements of cooling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/34—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
Definitions
- a rotary melting furnace comprising a rotary cylindrical shell having a horizontal axis and two conical extremities pierced by axial openings, a stationary casing which surrounds said shell, systems for cooling said shell by means of a cooling fluid and means for driving said shell in rotation.
- the cooling systems comprise spray tubes disposed around the periphery of the shell in axially parallel relation thereto and tube sections which terminate at the conical extremities of the shell, the liquid which has served to cool the conical extremities of the shell being recovered by centrifugation and caused to run over the cylindrical portion of the shell.
- the present invention relates to a rotary melting furnace fitted with rotation and cooling systems designed to obviate any further need for flexible seals, the coefficients of friction of which give rise to considerable losses of mechanical power While also limiting the production capacity of the furnace.
- the systems under consideration do not set any limitation either on the capacity or the dimensions of the furnace and accordingly permit the construction of rotary furnaces on an industrial scale.
- the charge of material to be melted and/or partially sintered fills a metallic vessel of circular section provided with a jacket in which a consequent stream of cooling water or any suitable cooling liquid is circulated.
- the thermal flux penetrates into a central cylindrical cavity of small diameter which is formed along the refractory material and begins to melt this latter at the surface as soon as the melting temperature is reached.
- the need to obtain high temperatures (of the order of 3000 C.) within the material and even higher temperatures within the heat sources entails a very high thermal flux.
- two solutions are contemplated.
- annular thickness of charge which is such that the temperature of the non-cooled metallic wall is maintained in the vicinity of 80 to 100 C., thereby making it possible to operate the furnace without disturbing the human or material environment.
- this annular thick ness would vary according to the thermal conductivity of the material to be melted since the value of this latter at high temperature can fluctuate within a ratio of 3 to 4:1 in the case of refractory oxides.
- metallic cylinders having a diameter which would correspond to the nature of the material to be melted.
- the second solution which consists in cooling by circulation of water or any other suitable coolant the cylindrical metal jacket or casing which contains the charge of refractory material to be melted permits the use of a single metallic shell having a fixed diameter.
- said shell must rotate at relatively high speeds (250 to 500 revolutions per minute) in order that the molten material should be retained under the action of centrifugal force on the wall which is still in the solid state and which is in turn caused to melt by said material.
- the linear velocities of the metallic shell increase considerably with its radius, that is to say with the quantity of molten materials produced by the rotary furnace.
- the present invention makes it possible to overcome this loss of power and especially the limitation which would be imposed on the volume of production of this type of furnace.
- the rotation and cooling systems with which the furnace according to the invention is equipped make it possible to dispense with flexible seals.
- the rotary melting furnace which comprises a rotary cylindrical shell having a horizontal axis and two conical extremities pierced by axial openings, a stationary casing which surrounds said shell, systems for cooling said shell by means of a cooling fluid and mean for driving said shell in rotation, is characterized in that said cooling sys tems comprise at least one annular zone which is concentric with the moving shell, said annular zone being connected to a pipe for the admission of the cooling fluid and adapted to communicate on the one hand with spray tubes disposed around the periphery of the shell in axially parallel relation thereto and on the other hand with tube sections which terminate at the conical extremities of the shell, the liquid which has served to cool said conical ex tremities of the shell being recovered by centrifugation and caused to run over the cylindrical portion of the shell.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the melting furnace in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 2a illustrates the furnace together with its fixing assembly
- FIG. 2b is a top view of the furnace which is equipped with four plasma torches.
- the furnace in accordance with the invention as shown in detail in FIG. 1 comprises a moving unitary casing 1 which has the shape of a horizontal cylinder, an axis of rotation 00' and two conical extremities. There are formed at the center of said extremities circular openings 2 and 3 which are employed for the purpose of heating the furnace and pouring molten refractory materials which may also be refined.
- a second stationary casing 4 surrounds the moving portion 1. The movement of rotation of said moving portion about the axis with respect to said stationary casing is carried out by means of two ball-bearings 5 and 6 which are disposed at each extremity of the cylinder.
- the cooling fluid (such as water, for example) is admitted at the top of the stationary casing 4 through tubes such as the tube 7 which feed two annular zones 8 and 9. Said zones serve to distribute the cooling fluid on the one hand to spray tubes 10 which are disposed around the periphery of the moving casing and parallel to its axis and, on the other hand, to short tubes 11 which open onto the terminal conical portions of the cylinder.
- a free zone 12 in which the plasma is heated (primarily by radiation) and which is followed in the direction of the casing 1, first by a fusion zone 13, then by a gradual and decreasing-sintering zone 14.
- the moving casing 1 is driven in rotation about the axis 00' by means of a gear system consisting of a pinion 15 (the driving means having been omitted from the figure) and a ring gear 16 which is rigidly fixed to the casing 1.
- the cooling liquid is discharged at the base of the apparatus through an opening 17.
- the cylindrical portion of the furnace is powerfully cooled by means of the spray tubes 10, then by the cooling liquid which is caused to flow upwards by centrifugation from the terminal conical portions, then runs over the metallic cylinder 1.
- the cooling liquid which serves to cool the terminal conical zones by means of the short tubes 11 flows up under centrifugal action without any need to provide seals at 18 which would absorb a substantial amount of mechanical energy.
- Cylindrical assemblies such as 19 for the rotating portion of the furnace and cylindrical assemblies such as 20 for the cooling spray tubes make it possible to increase the length of the furnace if necessary and therefore to increase its production capacity.
- FIG. 2a the furnace which is illustrated diagrammatically at 21 is mounted in clamping collars 22.
- the furnace is balanced by means of a counterpoise 23 constituted by the motor set from which the furnace is driven in rotation.
- the complete assembly is fixed on a column 24 which permits of azimuthal position-setting.
- the column is in turn fixed on a conventional frame 25 which permits of positional adjustment.
- FIG. 2b shows the arrangement which can be adopted for said torches.
- a rotary melting furnace comprising a rotary cylindrical shell having a horizontal axis and two conical extremities pierced by axial openings, two outer members secured to said conical extremities defining two outer chambers, a stationary casing which surrounds said shell, systems for cooling said shell by means of a cooling fluid and means for driving said shell in rotation, characterized in that said cooling systems are stationary and comprise at least one annular zone which is concentric with the moving shell, said annular zone including a plurality of pipes for the admission of the cooling fluid to a plurality of spray tubes disposed around the periphery of the shell in axially parallel relation thereto and to a plurality of peripheral tube sections within said outer chambers which open at the conical extremities of the shell, the liquid which has served to cool said conical extremities of the shell adapted to be recovered by centrifugation through said outer chambers and caused to run over the cylindrical portion of the shell, and means communicating with the lower part of said zone to discharge said liquid.
- a rotary melting furnace in accordance with claim 1 characterized in that the rotary cylindrical shell and the spray tubes consist of, at one of the extremities thereof, replaceable pieces whereby the production capacity of the furnace may be varied.
- a rotary melting furnace in accordance with claim 1 characterized in that the moving shell is rotatably mounted inside the stationary casing on ball-bearing raceways.
- a rotary melting furnace in accordance with claim 1 characterized in that the means for driving the shell in rotation comprise a driving pinion which is adapted to cooperate with a ring gear which is rigidly fixed to said shell.
- a rotary melting furnace in accordance with claim 1 characterized in that said furnace is mounted in clamp ing collars and balanced by a counterpoise on a fixing column which permits of positional adjustment of said furnace.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR95689A FR1526999A (fr) | 1967-02-20 | 1967-02-20 | Four rotatif de fusion |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3510115A true US3510115A (en) | 1970-05-05 |
Family
ID=8625593
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US702644A Expired - Lifetime US3510115A (en) | 1967-02-20 | 1968-02-02 | Rotary melting furnace with peripheral cooling means |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3510115A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE709795A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH488984A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE6608028U (fr) |
ES (1) | ES350696A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR1526999A (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1180527A (fr) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3705712A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1972-12-12 | David Yerouchalmi | Axial pouring-nozzle structure for rotary melting furnace |
US4102530A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-07-25 | British Steel Corporation | Rotating furnaces |
US4559071A (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1985-12-17 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Ablating liquefaction method |
US4564379A (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1986-01-14 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method for ablating liquefaction of materials |
USRE32317E (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1986-12-30 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Glass batch liquefaction |
US4654068A (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1987-03-31 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Apparatus and method for ablating liquefaction of materials |
US4668272A (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-05-26 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Support and drive system for rotating liquefaction vessel |
FR2737554A1 (fr) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-07 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Four de fusion tournant |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2601441B1 (fr) * | 1986-07-08 | 1988-11-18 | Electricite De France | Four rotatif a plasma a alimentation en materiau a traiter a entrainement mecanique |
FI78980C (fi) * | 1987-08-26 | 1989-10-10 | Outokumpu Oy | Saett foer avkylning av en trumugn. |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US644926A (en) * | 1899-08-10 | 1900-03-06 | John Kelling | Apparatus for making castings. |
US939817A (en) * | 1907-03-08 | 1909-11-09 | Thomas A Edison | Cement-kiln. |
AT182488B (de) * | 1953-08-12 | 1955-07-11 | Tiroler Roehren & Metallwerk | Verfahren zum Schleudergießen von Graugußkörpern |
DE958768C (de) * | 1952-04-18 | 1957-02-21 | Buderus Eisenwerk | Schleudergiessmaschine |
US3257196A (en) * | 1961-12-01 | 1966-06-21 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Methods of using plasm torches for treating powdery refractory materials |
-
1967
- 1967-02-20 FR FR95689A patent/FR1526999A/fr not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-01-24 BE BE709795D patent/BE709795A/xx unknown
- 1968-01-30 GB GB4610/68A patent/GB1180527A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-02-01 CH CH154868A patent/CH488984A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-02-02 US US702644A patent/US3510115A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-02-09 DE DE6608028U patent/DE6608028U/de not_active Expired
- 1968-02-20 ES ES350696A patent/ES350696A1/es not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US644926A (en) * | 1899-08-10 | 1900-03-06 | John Kelling | Apparatus for making castings. |
US939817A (en) * | 1907-03-08 | 1909-11-09 | Thomas A Edison | Cement-kiln. |
DE958768C (de) * | 1952-04-18 | 1957-02-21 | Buderus Eisenwerk | Schleudergiessmaschine |
AT182488B (de) * | 1953-08-12 | 1955-07-11 | Tiroler Roehren & Metallwerk | Verfahren zum Schleudergießen von Graugußkörpern |
US3257196A (en) * | 1961-12-01 | 1966-06-21 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Methods of using plasm torches for treating powdery refractory materials |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3705712A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1972-12-12 | David Yerouchalmi | Axial pouring-nozzle structure for rotary melting furnace |
US4102530A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-07-25 | British Steel Corporation | Rotating furnaces |
US4559071A (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1985-12-17 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Ablating liquefaction method |
US4564379A (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1986-01-14 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method for ablating liquefaction of materials |
USRE32317E (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1986-12-30 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Glass batch liquefaction |
US4654068A (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1987-03-31 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Apparatus and method for ablating liquefaction of materials |
US4668272A (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-05-26 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Support and drive system for rotating liquefaction vessel |
FR2737554A1 (fr) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-07 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Four de fusion tournant |
EP0760456A1 (fr) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-03-05 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Four de fusion tournant |
US5711664A (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1998-01-27 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Rotary melting furnace |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH488984A (fr) | 1970-04-15 |
GB1180527A (en) | 1970-02-04 |
BE709795A (fr) | 1968-05-30 |
ES350696A1 (es) | 1969-05-01 |
DE6608028U (de) | 1971-06-03 |
FR1526999A (fr) | 1968-05-31 |
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