Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
  • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
  • Y10S264/26—Composite fibers made of two or more materials
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
  • Y10S57/905—Bicomponent material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
  • Y10T428/2924—Composite
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
  • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
  • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

• R" is a (CH group, a cyclohexylene group or the group x and y are each integers of from 2 to 12, R is hydrogen or the group (CH SO Me, wherein 1 has a value of from 4 to 6 and Me is an alkali metal or hydrogen and R is (CH SO Me wherein z and Me are as just defined.
• the described filaments are formed by melt spinning a polyamide having the component as set out above in (b) together with an unmodified polyamide component (a) at a temperature of from 250 to 300 C., stretching the filaments thus obtained and treating the stretched filaments at elevated temperatures with water.
• This invention relates to polyamide yarns, filaments, fibres and threads having a wool-like crimp and to a process for the production of these polyamide yarns.
• Polyamides obtained by the condensation of ammonium salts of dicarboxylic acids with diamines or by the homocondensation of e-aminocarboxylic acids, and also by polymerization of higher-membered lactams can be spun from the melt in known manner to form filaments and fibres. After the stretching or drawing thereof, smooth filaments and fibres are obtained which do not have any wool-like crimping. In order to obtain crimped products, the filaments must be treated mechanically, for example by compression crimping. A disadvantage with these mechanical methods is that the fibres can very easily be damaged by mechanical action, and that such a crimping disappears in the course of time as a result of unskilled treatment.
• the polyamide of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid of sebacic acid i.e. the polyamide of e-aminocaproic acid or of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid is spun in bifilar form alongside the polyamide of hexamethylene diamine and sebacic acid. After the bifilar spinning, the filaments thus obtained are drawn and then treated at high temperature in water. A crimping is produced on account of the different shrinkage on boiling of the two bifilar polyamide components. The intensity of the crimping is determined by the difierence in the shrinkage shown by the two components on boiling, and it is greater as the difference in the shrinkage on rboiling is greater.
• the crimping efiects thus obtained are more or less irreversible, i.e. if the crimping is removed by too strong an elo-ngation, it is normally not possible for a crimped wool-like character successfully to be obtained again by treatment with cold water.
• An object of this invention is to provide a process for the production of yarns, filaments, fibres and threads from polyamides having a wool-like crimping, which comprises spinning aliphatic polyamides containing sulphonic acid groups with polyamides in bifilar form, i.e. into a composite filaments. After the drawing, heating in water or steam and drying, filaments or fibres are obtained which assume a helically crimped character similar to wool.
• the aliphatic polyamides containing sulphonic acid groups are obtained 'by admixing N,N'-disulphoalkyl alkylene diamines or N-monosulphoalkyl alkylene diamines of the general formulae or H NR"NH(CH ),,SO Me, wherein R" is a (CH ),,group, a cyclohexylene group or the group x represents the numbers 2 to 12, y the numbers 4 to 6 and Me represents hydrogen or an alkali metal, with approximately equivalent quantities of alkylene dicarboxylic acids or their alkali salts in quantities up to 25% by weight of polyamide-forming starting materials (such as lactams or salts of diamines and dicarboxylic acids) the reaction mixture being polycondensed and the polyamides obtained being spun from the melt into filaments or fibres.
• polyamide-forming starting materials such as lactams or salts of diamines and dicarboxylic acids
• 0.5 to 20% and advantageously 1.5 to 10% of the following structural element wherein R" is the group (CH a cyclohexylene group or the group x and y represent an integer from 2 to 12, R and R represent hydrogen or the group -(CH SO M (2:4 to 6, Me an alkali metal or hydrogen), are contained in the chain.
• Polyamides which can be used include those produced from lactams, for example from e-caprolactam, and also from w-aminocarboxylic acids (such as e-aminocaproic acid and ll-aminoundecanic acid) and from the diammonium salts of alkylene diamines with dicarboxylic acids (for example the salts of tetra-, hexa-, octamethylene diamine with adipic acid, suberic acid and sebacic acid).
• lactams for example from e-caprolactam
• w-aminocarboxylic acids such as e-aminocaproic acid and ll-aminoundecanic acid
• diammonium salts of alkylene diamines with dicarboxylic acids for example the salts of tetra-, hexa-, octamethylene diamine with adipic acid, suberic acid and sebacic acid.
• diaminosulfonic acids suitable for the process of this invention are for example:
• 5% of the structural units are incorporated by condensation into caprolactam, e-aminocaproic l acid, w-aminoundecanoic acid or into ammonium salts of alkylene dicarboxylic acids with alkylene diamines.
• alkylene dicarboxylic acids with alkylene diamines.
• these latter include for example the combinations of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid, octamethylene diamine and adipic acid, hexamethylene diamine and sebacic acid etc.
• the sulfoalkyl diamine starting reactants can be prepared by the method described in copending application Ser. No. 420,438.
• the sulfoalkyl diamines and specifically N-(w-aminoalkylene)-aminoalkyl sulfonic acids are obtained by reacting an alkylene (ii-primary amine having about 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkylene group with an alkyl sultone'wherein the alkyl group contains about 3 to 7 carbon atoms at temperatures from -20 to +100 C.
• the reaction can be effected in the presence of a solvent and namely an aromatic or halogenated hydrocarbon solvent.
• the reaction takes place according to the following equation:
• the bifilar composite filament is obtained by separately melting the modified polyamide components produced in this way and the unmodified copolyamides and by spinning both together at temperatures between 250 and 300 C., advantageously 265 to 285 C., in such a way that both components adhere to one another throughout the length of the filament.
• the ratios by weight between the two spun components are advantageously between :1 and 1:5.
• the bifilar composite filaments thus obtained are then drawn at room temperature or at a higher temperature.
• the drawing temperature itself depends on the composition of the polyamides and is normally between and +140 C.
• the filaments are then subjected to a heat treatment with water at temperatures of about 60 to 120 C., a crimping being indicated in the moist state, due to the different shrinkage of the components of the composite filament on boiling.
• the heat treatment may be effected with hot water or steam.
• the strength of the crimping depends on the difference in the hydrophilic properties of the two bifilar-spun polyarnides as well as on the shrinkage on boiling.
• the hydrophilic proportion of the bifilar filament now shrinks to a far greater degree, so that in this way an extraordinarily intensive and uniform three-dimensional crimping occurs and the product is given a character similar to wool.
• these filaments are placed in cold or warm water, the more hydrophilic constituent of the bifilar filament absorbs substantially more moisture than the hydrophobic constituent, so that thereby a more or less strong disappearance of the crimping is caused.
• the prior crimping condition is however obtained again in practice. This process can be repeated as desired without the initially supplied crimping eifect being lost, even in its intensity. Even if the shrinkage on boiling is removed by strong over-stretching, the prior crimping e'ifect can be restored completely after heating in tepid water, that is to say, the crimping effect is reversible in all cases.
• a further crimping effect is produced by subjecting the stretched bifilar filaments to a thermal treatment, at a temperature range of between 120 to 180 C., for example by hot air, and this crimping is not removed by treatment with water. If the filaments treated in this way are additionally introduced into hot water, a reversible crimping caused by hot water is added to the crimping which already exists.
• the bifilar fibres produced in this way can be dyed very easily with basic dyestuffs and they even have a very good light fastness.
• a multifilar filament was produced and this was stretched in the ratio of 123.5 between two plates at a temperature of C. On treatment with hot water at C. and drying in the relaxed state, this filament developed an intensive helical crimping.
• EXAMPLE 2 As in Example 1, a multifilament of composite filaments was produced, the ratio of the starting quantities of the two components being 1 part by weight of unmodified and 2 parts by weight of modified poly-e-aminocaproic acid.
• EXAMPLE 3 Bifilar composite filaments were spun from the components of Example 1 at a spinning temperature of 280 C. with a velocity of 400 m./min. and these composite filaments, after stretching in the ratio of 1:4 between hot plates at a temperature between 20 and 180 C., had an individual count of 15 denier. The ratio between the initial quantities of the two components was 1:1.
• the helical crimping developed according to Example 1 was characterized by comparison with the 5 denier filament of Example 1, by a lower number of crimps (number of twists, per cm.) and a larger diameter of the crimping helices.
• EXAMPLE 5 As in Example 1, a multifilament was produced-with a polyamide having 2.5% by weight of the sulfonic acid segmentthe ratio of modified polamide to the normal polyamide was 1:2. After stretching in the ratio 123.9 at 95 C. the titer of the filaments was 15 den. and after treatment with water at 95 C., the obtained bifilar filament shows a crimping effect according to the bifilar filament of Example 1.
• Example 6 According to Example 1with a polyamide having by weight of the sulfonic acid segment-was prepared a multifilament (ratio by weight 1:1). After stretching at 150 C. (1:3.75) the titer was den. On treatment with water at 85 C., this bifilar filament shows a regular and fine crimping.
• EXAMPLE 7 A modified polyamide of E-aminocaproic acid, which contains in the chain up to 5% of the structural unit a 1% solution of which m-cresol at 25 C. has a relative solution viscosity of 2.65, is spun alongside unmodified poly-e-aminocaproic acid of the same relative solution viscosity at a spinning head temperature of 275 C. into air of 25 C. to form a bifilar composite filament. Using a withdrawal velocity of 780 m./min. and a 12-aperture spinneret and an aperture diameter of 0.25 mm., a multifilar filament is obtained, in which the two components are present in the ratio of 1:1. The filament is stretched between plates at 85 C. in the ratio of 1235. After treatment with hot water at temperatures of 90 C. the filament is dried in the relaxed condition and thereby develops an intensive helical crimping.
• EXAMPLE 8 From the components indicated in Example 1, a multifilament is produced under the same conditions, and by altering the spinning pump velocity, the ratio between modified and unmodified polyamides is kept at 2:1. After treatment as in Example 1, an intensively crimped filament is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 9 Under the conditions as indicated in Example 1, polye-aminocaproic acid was spun in bifilar arrangement alongside a polyamide containing 8% of the structural unit and in the ratio' of 1:2. After stretching at 95 C. in the ratio of 123.7, the filaments treated with hot water at a temperature of 100 C. and dried show a strong helical crimping.
• EXAMPLE 10 As in Example 1, poly-e-aminocaproic acid is spun alongside poly-e-aminocaproic acid which contains up to 4.5% of the structural unit H) so Na (CH2)4.SO Na and in the ratio of 1:1 into bifilar composite filaments.
• the filaments stretched at C. in the ratio 123.8 are treated with hot water at a temperature of C. and dried and then show an intensive helical crimping.
• a bifilar yarn and filament having a wool like crimp consisting essentially of (a) an unmodified polyamide component and (b) a polyamide component containing 0.5 to 20% based on the polymer of a sulfonic acid segment of the formula:
• R" is a member selected from the group consisting of -(CH cyclohexylene and x and y each represent an integer from 2 to 12
• R represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (CH -SO Me wherein z has a value of 4 to 6 and Me is a member of the group of alkali metals and hydrogen and R represents (CH -SO Me wherein z and Me are as above defined.
• a bifilar yarn and filament according to claim 1 consisting essentially of unmodified poly-e-aminocaproic acid and poly-s-aminocaproic acid containing 5% based on the polymer of a segment of the formula:
• a bifilar yarn and filament according to claim 1 consisting essentially of unmodified poly-e-aminocaproic acid and poly-e-aminocaproic acid containing 5% based on the polymer of a segment of the formula:
• a bifilar yarn and filament according to claim 1 consisting essentially of unmodified poly-e-aminocaproic acid and poly-e-aminocaproic acid containing 5% based on the polymer of a segment of the formula:
• a bifilar yarn and filament according to claim 1 References Cited copsisting essentiallypf unr nodii ied poly-e aminocaproic UNITED STATES PATENTS and and poly-e-ammocaprolc ac1d contammg 5% based on the polymer of a segment of the formula: 2,989,798 6/1961 Bannel'man- 3,182,100 5/1965 Bedell.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Cited By (3)

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Citations (3)

• 1965
  • 1965-05-06 CH CH633765A patent/CH451400A/de unknown
  • 1965-05-13 SE SE6291/65A patent/SE315068B/xx unknown
  • 1965-05-13 GB GB1103317D patent/GB1103317A/en not_active Expired
  • 1965-05-14 FR FR1433212D patent/FR1433212A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1965-05-14 BE BE663930A patent/BE663930A/xx unknown
  • 1965-05-14 NL NL6506208A patent/NL6506208A/xx unknown
  • 1965-05-17 AT AT447165A patent/AT261796B/de active
• 1968
  • 1968-10-28 US US771699A patent/US3505165A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (3)

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