US3501869A - Generating mechanism for tooth flank generating machines - Google Patents

Generating mechanism for tooth flank generating machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3501869A
US3501869A US684730A US3501869DA US3501869A US 3501869 A US3501869 A US 3501869A US 684730 A US684730 A US 684730A US 3501869D A US3501869D A US 3501869DA US 3501869 A US3501869 A US 3501869A
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United States
Prior art keywords
generating
carriage
tooth flank
gear
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US684730A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerd R Sommer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maag Gear Wheel and Machine Co Ltd
Maag Zahnrader und Maschinen AG
Original Assignee
Maag Zahnrader und Maschinen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DEM65591A external-priority patent/DE1300786B/de
Application filed by Maag Zahnrader und Maschinen AG filed Critical Maag Zahnrader und Maschinen AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3501869A publication Critical patent/US3501869A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/02—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding
    • B23F5/06—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding disc with a plane front surface
    • B23F5/065—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding disc with a plane front surface and the grinding disc axis varying angularly with respect to the workpiece axis

Definitions

  • Movement is transmitted to the carriage by a flexible band arrangement such that angular motion of the table causes a linear displacement of the carriage which, in a ratio depending on the selected angular disposition of the rocker, is translated into a shifting of the grinder slide toward and away from the gear to form the desired profile.
  • a flexible band arrangement such that angular motion of the table causes a linear displacement of the carriage which, in a ratio depending on the selected angular disposition of the rocker, is translated into a shifting of the grinder slide toward and away from the gear to form the desired profile.
  • two swinging grinders are employed simultaneously on difierent teeth of the gear.
  • Each additional roller is connected by a pair of flexible bands to the main roller in such a manner that, upon swinging of its associated table about the axis of the main roller or cylinder, the roller on the table is rotated in either of two angular directions depending upon the direction of swinging of its associated table.
  • the circular segment fixed to rotate with each table roller is connected by a pair of flexible bands to opposite ends of a slide for moving the flank generating tool so that, upon rotation of the table roller, the slide is longitudinally displaced along a guide.
  • the slide is moved in either of a pair of opposite directions in accordance with the direction of rotation of the associated table roller corresponding to swinging or rotation in a selected direction of the table.
  • the tooth flank generating mechanism of the present invention is an improvement on that shown and described in copending application Ser. No. 555,786, filed June 7, 1966, and now abandoned by Gerd Robert Sommer for Generating Apparatus of a Gear-Cutting Machine.
  • gear tooth flank generating arrangements are recognized in the prior art.
  • the workpiece rolls.
  • the workpiece is rotated in operative relation with a tangentially and rectilinearly moving tool.
  • tooth generation is etfected with a rolling or hobbing tool.
  • a tool having the shape of a gear wheel or of a gear rack may be employed, or there may be used a tool having a point generating an involute gear profile to be produced.
  • the prior art discloses a gear tooth flank generating arrangement including a continuously rotatable work table and a tool-holder table with rectilinear motion timed with relation to the rotation of the work table.
  • the tool such as a grinding wheel, is pivotal on the tool-holder table in such a manner as to ensure that the tool is maintained tangentially relative to the tooth flank profile to be generated.
  • a tooth flank generating means for involute gears and having two tools, such as grinding wheels is known in which two positively connected generating systems, each having a respective grinding wheel, are provided and a gen erating motion is carried out simultaneously and on two tooth flanks facing in opposite directions so that the tools simultaneously machine symmetrical profile sections of a righthand and a letthand tooth flank on the workpiece, the workpiece not participating in the generating mot on.
  • two pivoting arms are rotatable or swingable about the axis of a generating cylinder disposed concentrically to the workpiece blank and arranged to be stationary, the pivoting arms executing a rocking motion in opposite directions and each arm being provided with a generating slide carrying a tooth flank generating tool such as a grinding wheel.
  • the generating slides are rollably connected with a generating cylinder by means of rolling bands.
  • a rolling drive for involute tooth generating machines in which the workpiece on which an involute profile is to be shaped is stationary and the tool holder is shiftable in a longitudinal guide.
  • This guide is disposed parallel to the imaginary straight rolling line, and on a table rotatable about the axis of the workpiece.
  • the tool holder is driven from a stationary drive member disposed coaxial with the axis of rotation of the table, and a drive member mounted in the table is in driving connection with the stationary drive member.
  • the drive member mounted in the table drives a carriage which is reciprocable rectilinearly in the table at an angle to the longitudinal extent of the guide for the tool holder.
  • This carriage carries a rocker which is adjustable angularly with respect to the direction of its motion, and a sliding block connected to the tool holder is guided in this rocker.
  • the driving connection between the two drive members is established in that the stationary drive member, coaxial with the axis of rotation of the table, is formed with gear teeth which mesh with a gear mounted on a common shaft with the drive member on the table, and which is driven by a motor efiecting rotation motion of the table.
  • the drive member on the table drives a threaded spindle likewise mounted rotatably in the table, and this spindle extends parallel to the guide for the carriage and engages a thread formed thereon.
  • This invention relates to generating mechanisms for gear tooth flank generating machines and, more particularly, to an improved and simplified generating mechanism capable of especially great precision in generating gear tooth flanks.
  • the generating mechanism includes two drive members in the form of cylindrical rollers and interconnected by flexible bands, one cylindrical roller being fixedly mounted on the machine base and the other cylindrical roller being rotatably mounted on the tool-carrying table.
  • the cylindrical roller on the tool-carrying table is connected with a tool-supporting slide by flexible bands.
  • the interconnection between the stationary roller mounted on the machine base and the rotatable roller mounted on the table, by the flexible bands, is such that the roller mounted on the table is positively rotated in opposed directions responsive to rotation of the table in opposed directions about an axis concentric with the workpiece and with the stationary cylindrical roller.
  • the cylindrical roller mounted on the table preferably comprises two separate roller surfaces secured to a common shaft, one roller surface comprising a cylinder and the other roller surface comprising a cylindrical segment.
  • the cylinder roller surface is connected by two flexible bands to opposite ends of a longitudinally and rectilinearly displaceable tool-supporting slide, and the cylinder segment roller surface is connected by two flexible bands, extending in opposite directions, to the stationary cylindrical roller.
  • the arrangement of the invention provides for great freedom in dimensioning the various components of the rolling drive. For example, if a relatively large diameter of the stationary roller, which is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the table, results from the overall design of the gear tooth flank generating machine, but if it is required that the guide for the tool-supporting carriage should not be excessively long, then provisions can be made for that part of the table-mounted rolling surface which is connected with the stationary rolling surface to be, for example, twice the diameter of that part of the table mounted roller surface connected with the toolsupporting carriage.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a simplified rolling drive for the tool-supporting means of a gear tooth flank generating machine.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a drive by means of which there may be obtained especially great precision in machining gear tooth flanks.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a drive including circular rolling surfaces interconnected by flexible bands.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide such a drive including two drive members, one being stationary or fixed on the machine bed and the other being rotatable on a table swingable about the axis of the stationary member, and in which the two drive members are cylindrical rolling surfaces interconnected by flexible bands.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a drive as just-mentioned in which the rolling surface on the table is rotatably mounted thereon and is connected with components on the table by flexible bands.
  • another object of the invention is to provide such a drive in which the drive member rotatably mounted on the table comprises two separate rolling surfaces on a common shaft, one rolling surface comprising a cylinder and the other rolling surface comprising a cylindrical segment.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a drive of the type just-mentioned in which the cylinder on the table is connected with the stationary cylinder on the machine bed, and the cylindrical segment on the table is connected with a tool-supporting carriage.
  • An ancillary object of the invention is to provide such a rolling drive which provides great freedom in dimensioning the various components of the drive.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of one half of an involute gear tooth generating machine, shown as a grinder solely by way of example, incorporating a rolling drive in accordance with the invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation view correspondng to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view, corresponding to FIG. 1, showing the parts of the grinder in a first working position corresponding to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but illustrating a second working position of the parts of the grinder, corresponding with FIG. 2.
  • an involute gear tooth flank grinder serving as one example of a tooth flank generating machine to which the drive of the invention is applied, is illustrated as including a circular machine bed 201 having two gear segments 202 on its periphery and staggered with respect to each other.
  • the axis of the gear 204 whose tooth flanks are to be generated coincides with a common vertical center line or axis 203 of machine bed 201 and of gear segments 202.
  • gear 204 By suitable means, not shown but known to those skillednithe lprs if gear 204 is so supported that it is rotatable by one tooth pitch only after the generation of a pair of tooth flanks, and can perform only axial motions during tooth flank generation of spur gears having teeth with straight or planar flanks. During the tooth flank generation of helical spur gears, a corresponding helical motion is imparted to workpiece 204.
  • each table 206 is formed with rectilinear guide 207 in which a tool holder 208 is rectilinearly shiftable.
  • Each tool holder 208 carries a respective tooth flank generating tool such as a grinding wheel 209.
  • An approach carriage 210 is provided for the adjustment of the proper starting position of the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece 204, and approach carriage 210 is guided in tool holder 208 for horizontal movement transversely of guide 207, and preferably at right angles to guide 207.
  • a pivoting carriage 211 is mounted on approach carriage 210 for angular displacement about the axis of a shaft 233 which extends horizontally and which is perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2.
  • Grinding wheel 208 is mounted on pivoting carriage 211, and a motor (not shown) is accommodated in carriage 211 to drive grinding wheel 209.
  • each table has a spur gear 213 rotatably mounted thereon and meshing with a respective gear segment 202, each spur gear 203 being driven by a motor 217.
  • Each table 206 further mounts a carriage 220 which is reciprocable rectilinearly of a rectilinear guide 220' extending at an angle relative to guide 207.
  • Each carriage 220 carries a rocker 221 which is angularly adjustable relative to the direction of motion of the associated carriage 220.
  • Each rocker 221 is formed as a longitudinal guide for a sliding block 226, and each sliding block 226 is pivotally connected to the free end of a fixed arm 227 projecting from the assiciated tool holder 208.
  • a cylindrical roller 229 is rotatably mounted on each table 206 for rotation about a vertical axis adjacent the associated guide 220.
  • Each cylindrical roller 229 is connected by two flexible bands 228 and 228' to opposite ends of carriage 220.
  • One band 228 is connected to one end of carriage 220 and extends around cylindrical roller 229 in one direction and at a selected level thereof, and the other band 228' is connected to the opposite end of carriage 220 and extends around cylindrical roller 229 in the opposite direction and at an adjacent level thereof.
  • Each. cylindrical roller 229 is fixed to a common shaft along with a cylindrical segment 230, and each segment 230 is connected by two flexible bands 231 and 231 to a stationary cylindrical roller 232 which is coaxial with a common axis of rotation of tables 206.
  • Bands 231 and 231' extend in respective opposite directions relative to segment 230 and stationary cylindrical roller 232, and are at adjacent levels on the segment and on the roller 232.
  • each carriage 220 in a ratio depending on the selected angular position of the associated rocker 221, is translated into a shifting of tool holder 208 along guide 207, and thus into an axial displacement of the associated grinding wheel 209
  • Whose edge describes an involute whose pitch diameter depends on the selected angular position of rocker 221.
  • rollers 229 are illustrated as having radii less than those of segments 230, with correspondingly different rolling arcs, this is by way of example only, and the relative ratios of the radii and rolling arcs can be changed in accordance with the desired transmission ratio.
  • said flexible band means comprises a first pair of flexible bands each connected at one end to said first drive member and at the opposite end to said second drive member, said bands extending in opposite angular directions around the cylindrical roller surfaces of said first and second drive members; and a second pair of flexible bands each secured at one end to one end of said carriage and at the opposite end to said first drive member, said second bands extending in respective opposite directions along said carriage and in respective opposite angular directions around the cylindrical roller surface of said first drive member.
  • said first drive member comprises a roller cylinder and a cylindrical segment secured coaxially to a common axis; said flexible band means connecting said cylindrical segment to said second drive member and connecting said cylindrical roller to said carriage.
  • said flexible band means comprises a first pair of flexible bands each connected at one end to said cylindrical segment and at the opposite end to said second drive member, said first flexible bands extending in opposite angular directions around said cylindrical segment and around the cylindrical rolling surface of said second drive member; and a pair of second bands each connected at one end to one end of said carriage and at the opposite end to said cylindrical roller, said second bands extending in respective opposite directions along said carriage and in respective opposite angular directions around said cylindrical roller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
US684730A 1965-06-15 1967-11-21 Generating mechanism for tooth flank generating machines Expired - Lifetime US3501869A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM65591A DE1300786B (de) 1965-06-15 1965-06-15 Waelzeinrichtung fuer eine Verzahnungsmaschine
DEM0072448 1967-01-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3501869A true US3501869A (en) 1970-03-24

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US684730A Expired - Lifetime US3501869A (en) 1965-06-15 1967-11-21 Generating mechanism for tooth flank generating machines

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US (1) US3501869A (xx)
CH (1) CH471625A (xx)
DE (1) DE1302107B (xx)
FR (1) FR93295E (xx)
GB (1) GB1182362A (xx)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR376449A (fr) * 1906-03-07 1907-08-08 Colombo Ricci Machine à roder les dents d'engrenages
GB247156A (en) * 1925-02-06 1926-08-12 Albert Aeppli Improvements in machines for shaping or trueing gear wheel teeth
GB637490A (en) * 1947-01-25 1950-05-17 Albert Aeppli Improved gear-wheel grinding-machine
US2528988A (en) * 1942-11-16 1950-11-07 Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag Index device for gear grinding machines
US2628458A (en) * 1950-02-18 1953-02-17 Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag Gear grinding machine
GB751177A (en) * 1953-06-29 1956-06-27 Pierre Marie Leon Chuet Improvements in and relating to machine tools for surfacing
US2888784A (en) * 1953-09-08 1959-06-02 Commissioners For Executing Th Means for generatively finishing involute gears

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR376449A (fr) * 1906-03-07 1907-08-08 Colombo Ricci Machine à roder les dents d'engrenages
GB247156A (en) * 1925-02-06 1926-08-12 Albert Aeppli Improvements in machines for shaping or trueing gear wheel teeth
US2528988A (en) * 1942-11-16 1950-11-07 Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag Index device for gear grinding machines
GB637490A (en) * 1947-01-25 1950-05-17 Albert Aeppli Improved gear-wheel grinding-machine
US2628458A (en) * 1950-02-18 1953-02-17 Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag Gear grinding machine
GB751177A (en) * 1953-06-29 1956-06-27 Pierre Marie Leon Chuet Improvements in and relating to machine tools for surfacing
US2888784A (en) * 1953-09-08 1959-06-02 Commissioners For Executing Th Means for generatively finishing involute gears

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH471625A (de) 1969-04-30
DE1302107B (xx)
FR93295E (fr) 1969-03-07
GB1182362A (en) 1970-02-25

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