US3500499A - Spinning device for synthetic fibers - Google Patents

Spinning device for synthetic fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3500499A
US3500499A US642870A US3500499DA US3500499A US 3500499 A US3500499 A US 3500499A US 642870 A US642870 A US 642870A US 3500499D A US3500499D A US 3500499DA US 3500499 A US3500499 A US 3500499A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spinning
gasket
melt
filter
pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US642870A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunter Goossens
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Inventa AG fuer Forschung und Patentverwertung
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Inventa AG fuer Forschung und Patentverwertung
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/08—Supporting spinnerettes or other parts of spinnerette packs

Definitions

  • the spinning dope is extruded from the spinneret or spinning head at comparatively high temperatures, e.g., 300 C., and at relatively high pressures, e.g., 200 kg./cm. through filters and nozzles or spinning jets. Sealing problems arise thereby. It hardly is feasible to elastically prestress the sealing surfaces sufficiently to retain the required contact pressure throughout long spinning times, despite plastic deformation of these surfaces under the prevailing pressures and temperatures. The solution of the problem of proper sealing meets with further difliculties because the two principalparts of the device, i.e., the nozzle plate and the filter, must be readily exchangeable. Moreover, because of the need for a large number of spinning machines, simple and expensive devices are preferred. The clogging of filters and of spinning jets, furthermore, pressure leaks are the principal causes for changing of the spinning devices after a certain operating time.
  • the problem of maintaining the surface pressure on the gaskets even when they, under the influence of pressure and temperature, undergo plastic deformation, can be solved by the utilization of what is known as the principle of selfsealing (or selfpacking). Thereby, the inherent pressure of the spinning dope is utilized.
  • the spinning machines are constructed in such a manner that the sealing surfaces are not driven apart under the pressure of the dope, but are compressed, and that the parts to be sealed follow the plastic deformation of the gaskets by changing their positions.
  • a spinning ma chine can be built using the principle of selfsealing exclusively and limiting the number of external positions to be sealed and gasketed to two.
  • the machine for spinning of synthetic fibers otherwise works in the conventional manner, i.e., the dope flows from the spinning head through the filters, which rest on support plates, to the nozzle plate which contains the spinning jets.
  • the spinning process executed in the device according to the invention has been known for a long time and consists in forcing the viscous material through a nozzle plate containing a plurality of fine orifices. Fibers form thereby which immediately solidify.
  • the material to be spun is a polymer melt or solution, e.g., polyamide or polyester.
  • the device comprises, aside from the nozzle plate, filter elements and an encapsulation of all-these components which is constructed in a novel manner and assures complete sealing without leakage even under the most severe operating conditions. Simultaneously, the device is easily operated and maintained, and exchange of parts, when required, is readily accomplished. This contrasts from older modes of construction wherein frequent leakage requires frequent exchange of parts.
  • FIGS. 1-3 are different embodiments of conventional spinning machines
  • FIG. 4 is an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the actual spinning devices are sunk in cavities disposed in the spinning head housing of the machine.
  • the housing furthermore contains the conduits for the melt which usually are introduced into the spinning devices by means of special measuring pumps.
  • the spinning head housings are heated to prevent solidification of the melt. Because the spinning devices are sunk in cavities adapted to their contours, they are protected from cooling. Gaskets are disposed at the discharge end of the melt conduits into the devices, at the edges of the melt filters and at the edges of the nozzle plates, which must meet extremely high requirements due to the severe operating conditions.
  • Leakages for instance, cause great expenses because they interrupt production and require additional operations, such as exchange of leaking devices, their dismantling, cleaning, reassembly, installation of new filters and gaskets, and ensuing preheating of the next charge.
  • the device according to the invention is of such a constructionthat leakages cannot occur and that exchange of parts for other reasons is facilitated because removal and reinstallation are readily accomplished.
  • the spinning apparatus shown in FIG. 1 known heretofore, consists of a nozzle plate 1, a filter support plate 2 disposed above nozzle plate 1 and sealed by the gasket ring 9. There further is a filter 3, resting on the filter support plate 2 and provided with a frame 8 which acts as a gasket.
  • the housing 11, together with eye bolt 16, holds the entire apparatus together with the force with which the eyebolt 16 had been tightened.
  • With the aid of a ring 17 and a number of bolts 18, the device consisting of the parts named above is held in a cavity in the spinning head housing 10.
  • the latter has an intake bore 4 for the dope, and this bore continues through the body 15.
  • the passage is sealed by gasket 7.
  • the latter is pressed tight by bolts 18.
  • filter 3 and nozzle plate 1 exert a considerable flow resistance against the melt entering at 4, which must be overcome by high pressure of the melt.
  • the melt under high pressure within the cavities between nozzle plate 1 and support plate 2, also between filter 3 and body 15, counteracts the contact pressure of eye bolt 16, whereby housing 11 is slightly stretched in longitudinal direction.
  • This effects a diminished contact pressure on the gaskets 9 and 8.
  • These gaskets must be of a plastically deformable material in order to closely join uneven spots in the sealing surfaces. They partly change position, due to the diminished contact pressure and the high pressure with which the melt acts on them from the interior of the device in radial direction, and thereby are squeezed out of the seams which they are to seal, so that leakage ensues.
  • FIG. 2 shows a spinning device which is inserted from the top in a corresponding cavity in spinning head housing 10.
  • the melt is introduced from the side through conduit 4 and enters the device after passing gasket 7.
  • the contact pressure on gasket 7 is provided by means of bolt 19.
  • the pressure of the melt counteracts the contact pressure of gasket 7 adversely.
  • Nozzle plate 1, gasket 9, filter support plate 2, and filter 3 with its frame 8, are similar to the corresponding parts in FIG. 1 and are held together between the body 15 and ring 17 by means of bolts 18. Under the pressure of the melt, the individual parts again are pressed apart so that a counteraction occurs against the contact pressure of gaskets 9 and 8, generated by the bolts 18. Thereby the bolts 17 are stretched in longitudinal direction and leakage easily takes place.
  • FIG. 3 is a certain improvement on a device inserted from the top.
  • the action of gasket 7, obtaining its contact pressure from a bolt 19, is the same as that in FIG. 2 and, hence, has the same disadvantages.
  • a gasket is disposed below nozzle plate 1.
  • the pressure exerted by filter 3 and nozzle plate 1 against the flowing melt urges these parts downwardly whereby the contact pressure on gasket 5 is not counteracted, but is increased with rising pressure of the melt so that leakage at this part is precluded.
  • the pressure of the melt which is generated in the flat space between filter 3 and body 15, the latter is raised like the piston of a hydraulic press and urged against gasket 6 which is propped upwardly by bolt 16.
  • gasket '6 Due to the conical shape of the upper edge of body 15 gasket '6 now is widened and radially urged against the inner wall of housing 11, so that here alsb a sealing effect is attainedwith which the contact pressure increases with rising pressure of the melt instead of being decreased.
  • Gasket 8 in FIG. 3 consists of a frame of filter 3 and is not a seal toward the outside, as is the case in FIGS. 1 and 2. However, sealing is required because otherwise parts of the melt bypass the filter, thus flowing into the nozzle orifices in unfiltered state and clogging the same. Experiments with devices according to FIG. 3 have shown that this is a serious peril, and it has been found that body 15 rises while deforming gasket 6 so that the edge 8 of filter 3, framed with sheet metal, no longer fits the edge of filter support 2. It has further been found that some of the nozzle orifices clog after a few hours. When edge 8 is urged onto filter support plate 2 by means of a bolt, this clogging is avoided for a considerable length of time. However, the application of such a bolt complicates the entire installation procedure and renders the device more expensive.
  • a spinning device similar to that in FIG. 3 has been disclosed in US. Patent 2,871,511. It differs from that of FIG. 3 merely by using a sand filter which is not different in principle.
  • the spinning head housing corresponding to 10, gasket 7 and bolt 19, of FIG. 3 are not shown.
  • the gasket 7 of FIG. 3 whose contact pressure is not aided by the pressure of the melt is not included in the patent,
  • the gasket which seals the passage from thehousing to the' device and which, according to the present invention, also is under pressure by the melt is a salient part of the latter.
  • the device according to the invention has a number of advantages over the prior art. It has merely two gaskets to the outside including the gasket at the passage of the melt conduit from the spinning head housing to the spinning device proper. Both these gaskets are under pressure by the melt in the interior of the device. The limit of two gaskets is an advantage in itself. Whereas the cit'd patent names two gaskets, those seals between spinning head housing and spinning device are not shown in the disclosure and the drawing.
  • the present invention provides one further gasket which, however, is internal to prevent the melt from bypassing the filter. This gasket also is under pressure from the melt.
  • a further advantage of the invention resides in the easy installation and assembly of the component parts which merely are laid into each other without tightening any bolts. This saves labor in the preparation of the spinning device for its application.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates its particular, novel construction.
  • a bell-shaped hollow body 11 is held, by means of a support ring 14 in a correspondingly shaped cavity in a spinning head housing 10 in such a manner that 11, having the shape of a cylindrical hollow body provided with a bottom on one side, is connected, by means of a gasket 5, to the edge of the intake bore 4 in housing 10 and is disposed so as to be upwardly movable in vertical direction to such an extent as gasket 5 permits when the latter is compressed by an upward movement of hollow body 11.
  • the latter contains in its interior, nearest to the bottom, a press plate 12 which has at least one small bore 13. Bore 13 connects with little clearance to bore 4.
  • press plate 12 abuts on the edge of filter 3 which has a sheet metal frame and lies on filter support plate 2.
  • the latter rests on nozzle plate 1 which has a conical edge, supported by a gasket 6 which preferably is angular and, even more preferred, of rectangular cross section.
  • gasket 6 which preferably is angular and, even more preferred, of rectangular cross section.
  • the superposed parts consisting of press plate 12, filter 3, filter support plate 2 and nozzle plate 1 within the interior of the bell-shaped hollow body 1, are disposed in a downwardly movable manner in vertical direction to such an' extent as gasket 6 permits when compressed by such a downward movement.
  • Gasket 6 rests on the upper edge of support ring 14 whereby the interior of said edge is directed inwardly.
  • Ring 14 is detachably connected to housing 10 and surrounds the lower edge of the bellshaped hollow body 11.
  • the melt flowing through conduit 4 enters the device after passing gasket 5.
  • the device according to the invention consists of the compartment parts 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 14 and constitutes an exchangeable unit which is sealed from the outside by the nozzle plate 1, the bellshaped hollow body 11, and support ring 14.
  • the melt After passing gasket 5, the melt is forced to flow through the comparatively small bore 13 of press plate 12 which exerts a hydraulic resistance thereon so that the pressure before bore 13 increases, and the melt enters the space between press plate 12 and the bottom of body 11 under this pressure.
  • the melt thus lifts the hollow body 11 and urges the same against gasket 5 so that the principle of selfsealing is attained.
  • the melt in said space urges the press plate 12 downwardly so that the spaces between the plate and the sheet metal framed filter 3 (constituting the previously named internal seal) between it and filter support plate 2 and between it and the nozzle plate 1 also are compressed and sealed. This has the effect that the filter cannot be bypassed and that no unfiltered melt can reach the nozzle orifices.
  • Nozzle plate 1 transfers the hydraulic forces which are generated by the flow through bore 13,
  • the device has a number of features which also are used in those according to prior art, such as filter support plates and filters, nozzle plates and gaskets per se.
  • filter support plates and filters such as filter support plates and filters, nozzle plates and gaskets per se.
  • the salient and novel features of the invention are the bell-shaped hollow body, the press plate, and the coaction and interaction of the parts, as previously described.
  • a device for the spinning of synthetic fibers from a dope consisting essentially of a spinning head housing having an intake bore for said dope; a bell-shaped cylindrical hollow body, fitted within a closure on one side and having an outer contour conforming to the interior of said housing, disposed within the spinning head housing; a gasket connecting said hollow body to said intake bore, said hollow body being movable toward and within the limits of said gasket when the latter is under compression from inflowing dope; a press plate disposed within the limits of said gasket when the latter is under one bore smaller than said intake bore, thus providing pressure for the inflowing dope, and abutting with little clearance on said intake bore; a metal edged filter disposed on said press plate opposite the side nearest the intake bore, said metal edge supporting the press plate; a filter support plate at the opposite side of said filter; a nozzle plate having a conical edge; a second gasket supporting said nozzle plate; means for the supply of dope; said press plate, filter support plate, filter, and nozzle plate being

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
US642870A 1965-03-03 1967-06-01 Spinning device for synthetic fibers Expired - Lifetime US3500499A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH288965A CH432711A (de) 1965-03-03 1965-03-03 Vorrichtung zum Spinnen von Fäden aus synthetischem Material

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US3500499A true US3500499A (en) 1970-03-17

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US642870A Expired - Lifetime US3500499A (en) 1965-03-03 1967-06-01 Spinning device for synthetic fibers

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US (1) US3500499A (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
AT (1) AT282806B (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
BE (1) BE677301A (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
CH (1) CH432711A (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
DE (1) DE1660375A1 (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
ES (1) ES323682A1 (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
FI (1) FI44146B (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
GB (1) GB1116007A (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
LU (1) LU50560A1 (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
NL (1) NL6602709A (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)
NO (1) NO120378B (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3830617A (en) * 1971-09-14 1974-08-20 Ici Ltd Melt spinning apparatus
US3836302A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-09-17 Corning Glass Works Face plate ring assembly for an extrusion die
US4050866A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-09-27 Akzo N.V. Apparatus for melt-spinning
US4493628A (en) * 1982-07-15 1985-01-15 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US4645444A (en) * 1983-03-23 1987-02-24 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Melt spinning apparatus
US4696633A (en) * 1984-05-26 1987-09-29 Barmag Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US4698008A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-10-06 Barmag Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US5387097A (en) * 1991-12-06 1995-02-07 Akzo Nv Self-sealing spin pack
US5445509A (en) * 1990-10-17 1995-08-29 J & M Laboratories, Inc. Meltblowing die
US5662947A (en) * 1993-06-21 1997-09-02 Rieter Automatik Gmbh Nozzle plate holding device for spinning of continuous filaments
US6210141B1 (en) 1998-02-10 2001-04-03 Nordson Corporation Modular die with quick change die tip or nozzle
US20040228939A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-11-18 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Spinneret for melt spinning filaments
US20060013912A1 (en) * 2003-03-29 2006-01-19 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus for melt-spinning filaments in a yarn forming operation
US20070148275A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Noveon, Inc. Spin Pack Assembly
CN101638812B (zh) * 2008-07-31 2013-11-06 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 纺丝装置和用于这种纺丝装置的纺丝喷嘴组件
CN105081762A (zh) * 2014-05-24 2015-11-25 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 用于安装喷丝头组件的方法及设备
CN103710767B (zh) * 2012-10-04 2017-04-12 日本Tmt机械株式会社 熔融纺丝装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3985654A (en) * 1974-12-10 1976-10-12 Pall Corporation Filter assembly for fluid polymeric material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2879543A (en) * 1956-05-03 1959-03-31 American Viscose Corp Spinneret coupling assembly
US3229330A (en) * 1964-01-24 1966-01-18 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus for melt-spinning synthetic polymer filaments
US3259938A (en) * 1964-03-13 1966-07-12 Monsanto Chemicals Spinneret pack
US3353211A (en) * 1965-01-06 1967-11-21 American Enka Corp Spinneret assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2879543A (en) * 1956-05-03 1959-03-31 American Viscose Corp Spinneret coupling assembly
US3229330A (en) * 1964-01-24 1966-01-18 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus for melt-spinning synthetic polymer filaments
US3259938A (en) * 1964-03-13 1966-07-12 Monsanto Chemicals Spinneret pack
US3353211A (en) * 1965-01-06 1967-11-21 American Enka Corp Spinneret assembly

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3830617A (en) * 1971-09-14 1974-08-20 Ici Ltd Melt spinning apparatus
US3836302A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-09-17 Corning Glass Works Face plate ring assembly for an extrusion die
US4050866A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-09-27 Akzo N.V. Apparatus for melt-spinning
US4493628A (en) * 1982-07-15 1985-01-15 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US4645444A (en) * 1983-03-23 1987-02-24 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Melt spinning apparatus
US4696633A (en) * 1984-05-26 1987-09-29 Barmag Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US4698008A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-10-06 Barmag Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US5445509A (en) * 1990-10-17 1995-08-29 J & M Laboratories, Inc. Meltblowing die
US5605706A (en) * 1990-10-17 1997-02-25 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Meltblowing die
US5387097A (en) * 1991-12-06 1995-02-07 Akzo Nv Self-sealing spin pack
US5662947A (en) * 1993-06-21 1997-09-02 Rieter Automatik Gmbh Nozzle plate holding device for spinning of continuous filaments
US6210141B1 (en) 1998-02-10 2001-04-03 Nordson Corporation Modular die with quick change die tip or nozzle
US20040228939A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-11-18 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Spinneret for melt spinning filaments
CN1296530C (zh) * 2001-09-28 2007-01-24 苏拉有限及两合公司 喷丝头
US7172401B2 (en) * 2001-09-28 2007-02-06 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Spinneret for melt spinning filaments
US20060013912A1 (en) * 2003-03-29 2006-01-19 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus for melt-spinning filaments in a yarn forming operation
US7125238B2 (en) 2003-03-29 2006-10-24 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus for melt-spinning filaments in a yarn forming operation
US20070148275A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Noveon, Inc. Spin Pack Assembly
US8425821B2 (en) 2005-12-22 2013-04-23 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Method of melt spinning an elastomeric fiber
CN101638812B (zh) * 2008-07-31 2013-11-06 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 纺丝装置和用于这种纺丝装置的纺丝喷嘴组件
CN103710767B (zh) * 2012-10-04 2017-04-12 日本Tmt机械株式会社 熔融纺丝装置
CN105081762A (zh) * 2014-05-24 2015-11-25 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 用于安装喷丝头组件的方法及设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6602709A (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png) 1966-09-05
NO120378B (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png) 1970-10-12
LU50560A1 (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png) 1966-07-01
BE677301A (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png) 1966-08-01
GB1116007A (en) 1968-06-06
DE1660375A1 (de) 1972-04-06
FI44146B (US08088816-20120103-C00036.png) 1971-06-01
CH432711A (de) 1967-03-31
AT282806B (de) 1970-07-10
ES323682A1 (es) 1966-12-01

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