US3499474A - Method and apparatus for forming selvages on cloth - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming selvages on cloth Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3499474A
US3499474A US693935A US3499474DA US3499474A US 3499474 A US3499474 A US 3499474A US 693935 A US693935 A US 693935A US 3499474D A US3499474D A US 3499474DA US 3499474 A US3499474 A US 3499474A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
needle
shed
weft
loom
tuck
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US693935A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Pfarrwaller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3499474A publication Critical patent/US3499474A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
    • D03D47/40—Forming selvedges
    • D03D47/48—Forming selvedges by inserting cut end of weft in next shed, e.g. by tucking, by blowing

Definitions

  • the arcuate motion includes a positive acceleration of the needle back toward the shed from an extreme position in which the weft-grasping hook on the needle is laterally outside the shed but vertically between the upper and lower halves of the shed, a deceleration which retards the passage of the weft-holding hook across the selvage portion of the width of the web of cloth, and a reacceleration toward an inner rest position in which the needle is retracted out of the shed and out of the way of the reed.
  • Separate cams produce the arcuate and linear motions which are superposed on each other, the latter motion also including a pause timed to bring the needle briefly to rest as regards both motions while the hook is within the selvage portion of the Width of the cloth being woven.
  • a third cam suitably coupled to those already mentioned effects reciprocating motion, lengthwise of the warps, of a weft thread clamp adjacent the edge of the cloth between the line of picking and a position making it possible for the tuck-in needle to grasp the weft last picked through the shed.
  • a fourth cam moves the clamp up and down.
  • the present invention relates to looms of the kind in which the weft supply bobbin remains outside the shed and, more particularly, to the formation of selvages on cloth woven on such looms by tucking into the shed the ends of the weft threads.
  • the invention provides a method of forming such selvages, and apparatus by means of which that method may be practiced.
  • the weft end may spring out of the shed, particularly if it is made of a synthetic, relatively resilient yarn which exhibits a degree of springiness.
  • the selvage if formed at all, is defective. Some or all of the warp threads in the selvage region are not bound in.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the operating method and loom in this respect.
  • the selvage tuck-in needle in its pivotal movement between the yarn-receiving stationary position and the inoperative stationary position is first accelerated, then temporarily retarded in the region of the selvage, reaccelerated and then brought into the inoperative stationary position.
  • a loom of the kind specified has a drive which is arranged to impart to the selvage tuck-in needle a pivotal movement between the yarn receiving stationary position and the inoperative stationary position in which movement the tuck-in needle is first accelerated, then temporarily retarded in the region of the selvage, reaccelerated and then brought into the inoperative stationary position.
  • the shed is further closed than heretofore before the end which is to be tucked in leaves the needle.
  • the weft end leaves the hook of the needle, it can then cling sufiiciently to the warp threads not to spring back out of the shed.
  • the space at the edge of the cloth is, as before, clear early enough for the return movement (in the direction of the warp) of a selvage thread clamp which grips the weft end immediately after picking. This is important because, immediately the selvage thread clamp has surrendered the weft end to the tuck-in needle, it must return in the direction of the warp to grip the next weft in the picking line.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in elevation of a loom, seen from the cloth end, into which the invention may be embodied and on which the invention may be practiced;
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view on a larger scale, illustrating the movement of a tuck-in needle in the loom shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 illustrate other positions of the needle shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary vertical section through the loom shown in FIG. 1 along a plane parallel to the warps and illustrating one of the tuck-in needles and weft thread clamps thereof, together with driving mechanism for those elements;
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic plan view of the tuck-in needle of FIG. 7, showing the mechanism which imposes an angulanmotion thereon;
  • FIG. 9 is a developed view of the profile of the cam 57 shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. 10 to 13 are four diagrams illustrating operation of the loom.
  • the loom shown in FIG. 1 comprises two upright side frames 1 and 2. connected by a central cross member. Between the side frames there are disposed at warp beam 17, heddle frames 9, a reed 8 and a cloth beam consisting of two portions 3 and 18.
  • the side frame 2 carries a picking motion 13. From this picking motion shuttles 12 move through the shed along a shuttle guide 14, picking through the shed on each travel a weft 10 drawn oil? a supply bobbin 11 which remains outside the shed. Each 3 shuttle 12 goes to a catching motion 15 on the side frame 1.
  • FIG. 1 On the left in FIG. 1 there is a driving motor 7, from which power is transmitted by a flywheel 6 to a main drive shaft 5 for the loom.
  • This main shaft 5 drives the moving parts of the loom, e.g. the heddle frames 9, the reed 8, the picking motion 13 and catching motion 15.
  • a selvage tuck-in device 16 is associated with each of the motions 13 and 15.
  • a corresponding tuck-in device 21 for the dividing selvage in the middle of the loom is mounted on a rod 20.
  • the devices 16 and 21, more fully described below, tuck the ends of each weft picked through the shed 88 (FIG. 7) into the next shed, so that selvages are formed at the edges of the cloth webs 4 and 19 (FIG. 1).
  • Each of the selvage tuck-in devices 16 and 21 includes a tuck-in needle 23 with a hook 22 at the end thereof (FIGS. 2 to 6).
  • the movement of the needle is shown in detail in FIG. 2.
  • Point A is the point in the hook which is occupied by a weft end caught by the hook.
  • point A follows the closed curve 24 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the corresponding positions of the main shaft 5 are marked on the curve 24 in degrees of are.
  • the various phases of the loom cycle, and in particular of the motion of the tuck-in needles, may thus be identified with the angular position of the main loom shaft.
  • the needle 23 is in its inner inoperative position of rest at the bottom of FIG. 2, which position for the needle is identified by the reference character 23a.
  • the needle moves horizontally from the position 23a along the curve 24, this motion appearing as an upward motion in the plan view of FIG. 2.
  • the needle moves to the left in FIG. 2, and until 140 it moves in the direction of the warp threads 25 towards the rear of the loom (i.e. towards the warp beam 17 of FIG. 1).
  • the needle presses upwardly against the warp threads of the lower shed which are immediately above it, the shed being open. This movement brings the needle 23 into position ready to pass into the shed 88 (FIG. 7).
  • the needle turns again into a path substantially parallel to the weft threads and passes into the shed 88.
  • the hook 22 passes out of the shed 88 at the edge thereof.
  • it turns to the right (i.e. towards the front of the loom) and moves, partly in the direction of the warp threads 25 and partly in the direction of the weft, into the yarnreceiving position shown for it in FIG. 4, where the arm is stationary, the drive shaft 5 being now at 250.
  • This position of the needle is identified by reference character 23b.
  • the end 26 of the weft 10 just picked is held taut by a selvage thread clamp 27 described in detail below.
  • This clamp moves towards the front of the loom (cloth end) as indicated by arrow 29 from a position 2712 therefor (FIG. 4) to a position 270 (FIG. 5), in which the weft end 26 is drawn over the hook 22 of the tuck-in needle.
  • the needle 23 i.e. its hook 22
  • the selvage thread clamp 27 then moves on to a reversing or forwardmost position 27d (indicated in FIG. 5) corresponding to an angular position 300 for the shaft 5.
  • the needle is temporarily retarded, retardation beginning at approximately the position shown for needle at 23c in FIG. 5.
  • the needle stops in the position 23d (FIG. 6), i.e. its pivotal movement is interrupted. This stoppage last until 4 310.
  • the intermediate stationary position 23d leaves the hook 22 within the region of the selvage 31 (FIGS. 2, 6), whose width is equal to the length of the weft end 26 to be tucked in and which generally includes twice as many wefts as the ground 30 of the cloth.
  • the needle 23 is re-accelerated and passes through the positions at 330, 340, 350 and 360 (FIG. 2) back into the inoperative stationary position 23a, in which the needle 23 is forward of the fell 40 at which the reed 8 beats up the weft. This movement of the needle 23 is repeated in each cycle of the loom.
  • the movement of the tuck-in needle is produced by the means described below.
  • Each of the selvage tuck-in devices 16 and 21 includes a cam 34 which is attached to a shaft 33 (FIG. 7) driven at the speed of the shaft 5.
  • This cam produces a translatory movement of the needle 23 of its tuck-in device in directions parallel to the length of the warp.
  • a follower roller 35, running on the cam 34, is mounted on a lever 37 pivoted at 36 and biased counterclockwise in FIG. 2 by a compression spring 50.
  • This lever has a forked end 38 in which there engages a peg 39 attached to a carriage 41, which is mounted in guides to move backwards and forwards, parallel to the warps, as indicated by an arrow 42 (FIGS. 7, 8).
  • Cam 34 thus effects translational movement of the carriage 41, and thereby of the needle.
  • Two levers 44 and 45 are fixed to a vertical pin 43 journaled in the carriage 41.
  • the selvage tuck-in needle 23 is attached to the arm 44.
  • a block 46 pivoted to the arm 45 runs in a slot 47 in a carriage 48, which is provided to effect the pivotal movement of the needle 23.
  • the carriage 48 is movable in casing 13 with respect to the pin 43 as indicated by arrow 49 (FIG. 8), transversely of the motion of carriage 41.
  • Carriage 48 contains a second slide 51 along which moves a block 52.
  • This block is pivoted to one end of a lever 53 which can oscillate about a stationary pivot 54.
  • the lever 53 is biased by a tension spring 60 and carries a roller 56. This roller rolls on a cam 5'7, which causes the pivotal (as distinguished from translational) movement of the tuckin needle and rotates at the speed of the driving shaft 5.
  • Two further earns 61 and 62 are also attached to the shaft 33. These earns produce the movement of the selvage thread clamp 27 and cooperate with follower levers 63 and 64 biased counterclockwise in FIG. 7 by compression springs 101 and 102.
  • the lever 63 pivots at 65, the lever 64 at 66.
  • the lever 63 carries a guide 68, pivoted to lever 63 at 67, for a rod 71 pivoted at 69 on the lever 64.
  • the selvage thread clamp 27 is attached to the end of the rod 71 at the left in FIG. 7.
  • the elements 61, 63 and 68 cause the clamp 27 to move vertically in FIG. 7 and also in the loom in FIG. 1 (as indicated by an arrow 103), whereas the elements 62 and 64 caused it to carry out the horizontal movements described in connection with FIGS. 4 to 6 and indicated by the arrows 29 and 29a in FIGS. 4 and 6.
  • the vertical and horizontal movements are superimposed on each other.
  • the development 81 of the pivoting cam 57 is represented in FIG. 9. This cam produces the pivoting movement of the tuck-in needle 23 (arrow 82 in FIG. 8) causing the actual tucking in of the weft end 27.
  • the low portion 85 of the translatory cam 34 now moves under the roller 35, so that the translatory carriage 41 and pivot 43 move to the left in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the tuck-in needle 23 thus moves leftward in FIG. 2 to the positions for 130, 140. In this region the needle 23 presses upwards on to the lower shed warp threads 25a (FIG. 7).
  • the threads 25a which are over the tuck-in needle at this moment are slightly raised thereby.
  • the needle moves to the positions for 150, 160, 190 (FIG. 2). In this region it passes through the shed 88.
  • the angular position of the driving shaft 5 is shown on the abscissa.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 10 gives the position of the needle frames 9, that in FIG. 11 the position of the reed 8, that in FIG. 12 the pivoting speed or angular velocity of the needle 23, produced by the cam 57, and that in FIG. 13 the corresponding acceleration.
  • the shed is opened as shown by the two curves D, E in FIG. 10.
  • the shed is open and the next weft is picked into the shed 88.
  • the heddle frames 9 begin to change shed and the shed is gradually closed, the shed closing fully at in the next revolution of the main shaft.
  • the invention is not limited to these particular phases for the closing of the shed.
  • the inoperative stationary position 23a is between 40 and 50 of the loom cycle.
  • the speed between positions 23a of FIG. 2 and 23 of FIG. 4 is plotted as negative, representing clockwise rotation of the needle as seen in FIGS. 2 to 6.
  • the speed is Zero again.
  • the angular velocity or speed which must be positive for such rotation, becomes temporarily zero between points R (300) and S (310), and it then reverts to a positive value until the needle 23 has returned to position 23a. It will be seen from FIG.
  • the hook 22 is, crosswise of the loom, between the inner and outer edges of the selvage 31. Vertically it is inside the shed, i.e. betwen the upper and lower halves 25b and 25a of the shed shown in FIG. 7.
  • the acceleration is negative at W notwithstanding the positive value of the associated speed, which this negative acceleration is in the process of reducing in absolute magnitude.
  • FIG. 10 shows, the distance between the warp threads 25a and 25b (FIG. 7) moving from the upper and lower shed positions towards the center is already somewhat reduced at 310, so that the weft end 26 on the hook 22 is held by the warp threads on both sides of it and cannot spring back out of the needle.
  • the heddle frames move further towards the closed shed position, which is finally reached at 20 after the start of the next cycle.
  • the weft end 26 leaves the hook 22 and is bound in by the warp threads.
  • the reed 8 heats up both the tucked-in end of the last weft but one, and the weft just picked. Another weft is then picked, and so on.
  • the acceleration curve of FIG. 13 therefore shows that when the hook 22 starts to return, at 250 of the loom cycle, from its extreme outermost position shown on curve 24 in FIG. 2, the hook first suffers positive acceleration over an interval of time Z, reaching at the end of that time, i.e. at about 275, a counterclockwise or positive angular velocity indicated at L in FIG. 12.
  • the acceleration falls to zero at the end of interval Z, it passes to a negative value, so that the hook on entering the shed is decelerated over a time interval W terminating at 300, by which time the hook has been reduced to zero angular velocity, as indicated at -R in FIG. 12.
  • the hook is held at rest between 300 and 310, with zero angular velocity and zero angular acceleration. It then suffers a positive acceleration over a time interval X, acquiring a substantially uniform, counterclockwise or positive angular velocity M (FIG. 12) which is maintained until above 10 of the next cycle. Then the needle is braked, i.e. undergoes negative acceleration, as appears at the left end of FIG. 13, to reduce its velocity to zero at 40.
  • the speed does not drop to zero between 300 and 310, and the acceleration curve in FIG. 13 moves from the negative portion W shown by broken lines directly into a positive portion X.
  • the tuck-in needle 23 is only braked, and is not brought to a complete stop.,This still gives the desired effect, i.e. the weft end 26 is still held better by the warp threads 25a and 25b which are in process of closing the shed.
  • the interruption or braking of the tucking-in movement of the needle 23, instead of extending over 10 of the rotation of the driving shaft, may extend over a different range, for example 5 or 15. Also, it may for example occur between 290 and 300.
  • the range in 'which the needle 23 is temporarily retarded or stopped, and then re-accele'rated depends on the operational conditions, more particularly on the length of the weft ends 26 which are to be tucked in, i.e. on the width of the selvage 31.
  • the intermediate retardation or stopping of the needle 23 must in any case take place within the selvage 31, so that the weft end 26 is still being held by the hook 22.
  • the tuck-in device 21 for the dividing selvage (FIG. 1) is unnecessary.
  • Tuck-in needles 23 need only be provided in the tuck-in devices 16 at the edges of the cloth.
  • a method of tucking in at least one of said ends of each weft thread to form a selvage comprises accelerating the tip of a tuck-in needle toward the shed from a position of rest outside the shed on one side thereof, grasping said end of the weft thread with the tip of the needle in the course of return of the tip toward the shed, decelerating the needle while the tip thereof is in the portion of the shed corresponding to the selvage portion of the width of the cloth, and reaccelerating the needle toward an inner position of rest.
  • a method according to claim 2 including the further step of holding the needle stationary for a fraction of the loom cycle between said decelerating and reaccelerating steps.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
US693935A 1966-12-29 1967-12-27 Method and apparatus for forming selvages on cloth Expired - Lifetime US3499474A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1876666A CH472519A (de) 1966-12-29 1966-12-29 Verfahren für den Betrieb einer Webmaschine und Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3499474A true US3499474A (en) 1970-03-10

Family

ID=4435165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US693935A Expired - Lifetime US3499474A (en) 1966-12-29 1967-12-27 Method and apparatus for forming selvages on cloth

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3499474A (de)
AT (1) AT284744B (de)
CH (1) CH472519A (de)
CS (1) CS150207B2 (de)
DE (1) DE1710353B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1172250A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929170A (en) * 1973-01-24 1975-12-30 Ingbuero Fur Maschinebau Jakob Method and apparatus for moving a knitting needle or the like of a shuttleless loom
US4090535A (en) * 1974-08-21 1978-05-23 Toyo Nakanishi Apparatus for forming tucked-in type selvages on a shuttleless weaving loom
US4565225A (en) * 1983-09-01 1986-01-21 Maschinenfabrik Sulzer-Ruti Ag Weaving machine
US4600039A (en) * 1982-12-23 1986-07-15 Nuovo Pignone S.P.A. Process and device for the formation of a tucked selvedge, especially suitable for terry looms

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1067636B (it) * 1976-07-30 1985-03-16 Sbabo Silvio Dispositivo per tagliare trattene re e ripiegare il capo di trama per ottenere cimosse
IT1067637B (it) * 1976-07-30 1985-03-16 Sbabo Silvio Dispositivo per ottenere cimosse semplici o doppie
DE3312785A1 (de) * 1983-04-09 1984-10-18 Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover Fahrzeugluftreifen
DE3320162A1 (de) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-06 Olbo Textilwerke Gmbh, 5650 Solingen Cordgewebe fuer luftreifen
DE58900551D1 (de) * 1988-04-29 1992-01-23 Sulzer Ag Webmaschine mit mechanischem leistenleger.
EP0438973B1 (de) * 1990-01-23 1994-06-01 Sulzer RàœTi Ag Leistenlegevorrichtung für Webmaschine
EP1512782B1 (de) * 2003-09-02 2007-04-25 Sultex AG Webmaschine mit einer Einlegevorrichtung für schussfäden

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2185308A (en) * 1937-07-02 1940-01-02 Tefag Textil Finanz Ag Selvage weaving

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE682753C (de) * 1937-07-07 1939-10-21 Tefag Textil Finanz A G Vorrichtung zum Herstellen fester Leisten auf Webstuehlen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2185308A (en) * 1937-07-02 1940-01-02 Tefag Textil Finanz Ag Selvage weaving

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929170A (en) * 1973-01-24 1975-12-30 Ingbuero Fur Maschinebau Jakob Method and apparatus for moving a knitting needle or the like of a shuttleless loom
US4090535A (en) * 1974-08-21 1978-05-23 Toyo Nakanishi Apparatus for forming tucked-in type selvages on a shuttleless weaving loom
US4600039A (en) * 1982-12-23 1986-07-15 Nuovo Pignone S.P.A. Process and device for the formation of a tucked selvedge, especially suitable for terry looms
US4565225A (en) * 1983-09-01 1986-01-21 Maschinenfabrik Sulzer-Ruti Ag Weaving machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1710353B1 (de) 1971-07-29
GB1172250A (en) 1969-11-26
CH472519A (de) 1969-05-15
AT284744B (de) 1970-09-25
CS150207B2 (de) 1973-09-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3499474A (en) Method and apparatus for forming selvages on cloth
US3461920A (en) Apparatus for cutting weft yarn ends under tension on a shuttleless loom
US3945406A (en) Leno selvedge device and method of forming a leno selvedge
US3889719A (en) Weaving machine for producing terry cloth
US2589429A (en) Device for tensioning the weft thread in looms
US2938547A (en) Weft holding means for weaving looms with continuous weft feed
US3441059A (en) Loom having variable stroke weft thread clamp
US3457966A (en) Method and apparatus for forming tucked-in selvages on fabrics woven on looms having bobbinless shuttles
US3910317A (en) Weaving machine for terry cloth
US4140156A (en) Weft strand positioning at the exit end of the shed in a weaving machine
US4054159A (en) Picking method for a shuttleless weaving machine
US3111966A (en) Method and apparatus for simultaneously weaving lengths of fabric
US2602472A (en) Method and means for changing the clamping force at which and during each time a weft thread end is temporarily held during weaving on looms
US2561416A (en) Selvage forming mechanism
US4112981A (en) Device for feeding pile warp yarns for pile fabric looms
US3493013A (en) Manufacture of a leno interlacing
US2816576A (en) Looms for weaving
US3580293A (en) Weaving machine
US3361164A (en) Method and apparatus for weaving fabrics with severed weft yarns and fabric made by the method and apparatus
GB1352332A (en) Production of woven structures
US3580292A (en) Apparatus and method for positioning warp sheds
US2830623A (en) Inside selvedge motion for looms
US3136342A (en) Terry reed motion
US3779286A (en) Method and apparatus for weaving terry cloth
US3322158A (en) Method and means for actuating an element of a weaving machine