US3495960A - Parallel aligned abrasive filaments in a synthetic resin bond - Google Patents

Parallel aligned abrasive filaments in a synthetic resin bond Download PDF

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Publication number
US3495960A
US3495960A US525563A US3495960DA US3495960A US 3495960 A US3495960 A US 3495960A US 525563 A US525563 A US 525563A US 3495960D A US3495960D A US 3495960DA US 3495960 A US3495960 A US 3495960A
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Prior art keywords
elements
particles
synthetic resin
working surface
resin bond
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Expired - Lifetime
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US525563A
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English (en)
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Hermann J Schladitz
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the surface treatment of precision workpieces has generally required several operations to achieve the desired surface finish. Therefore, the surface is first ground by abrasives of varying grades and then polished or else several grinding operations are carried out prior to the final mechanized and/or hand polishing.
  • abrasive support upon which particulate abrasives are rigidly bonded by means of a glue or the equivalent.
  • Typical abrasives, in the particulate form, which are often used with such support structure are corundum, silicon carbide, diamonds, among others.
  • the present invention has for an object to provide a finishing body which is adapted to operate upon a workpiece and which body carries its working elements in a manner such that individual particles cannot tear loose from their support.
  • the invention is directed to a process for forming an article of manufacture which is adapted for use in the surface treatment of precision workpieces and to the article which comprises a body of a plastic bonding compound having a smooth working surface and a multiplicity of elements embedded therein.
  • the elements are aligned substantially in parallelism within said body with the longitudinal axis of each element positioned substantially transverse to the working surface formed by the body whereby coaction between elements and the workpiece is accomplished by providing that the end face of each element terminates on the working surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of the working surface of the finishing member
  • FIG. 2 is a greatly enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 2 showing a side elevational view which is partly in section;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are views similar to FIG. 3 showing a second and third embodiment of the finishing member.
  • the member denoted by the numeral 10 in general, .is defined by a body 12 of a solidifiable bonding agent that supports, in fixed relation, a multiplicity of elements 14.
  • the elements may be in the form of rod-shaped filaments or flaky particles, but for the sake of clarity in the figures the elements are all shown to be of a uniform circular cross-section. Obviously this is not intended to be by way of limitation for in practice the elements could take any desirable cross-sectional appearance, such as polygonal, oval, etc., and are further of no single diameter or thickness other than that all elements have a diameter or thickness of less than 50 microns and a length to thickness ratio of at least 1021.
  • the elements are of a high strength material and, as will be more fully described when considering the process for forming the member, are embedded within the body 12.
  • the bonding agents which may be used to form the body may be any one of the well-known plastic materials, such as epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resins or saturated polyester resins.
  • the invention also contemplates that substances having corresponding physical characteristics and properties to the mentioned resins may be used to bond and support the elements in a fixed relation, both to one another and to the working surface 16.
  • One such characteristic is that the agent provides a tensile strength of from approximately 100 to 450 kp./cm. and be inert to water.
  • epoxy resin practice has indicated that a preferred type which provides good results is one formed by the reaction of bisphenoi A and epichlorohydrin which is hardened by phthalic acid anhydride. Similar results are obtained through the use of an unsaturated polyester resin such as a maleic resin with ethyle-neglycol and a saturated polyester resin, such as polyethylene terephthalate.
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 show further embodiments of the member and differ from the showing in FIGURE 3 in that the working surfaces 16 and 16 respectively are smoothly convex and concave rather than flat as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3.
  • Elements 14 may suitably be formed of iron, aluminum or ferric oxide, tungsten, molybdenum or titanium carbide as well as crystals having anisotropic strength and hardness properties, as for example, metallized flaky particles of graphite or molybdenum disulfide, provided these particles are so oriented that their slidable lattice planes extend substantially normal to the surface 16, 16' or 16" of the member 10. This can be achieved since the graphite or molybdenum disulfide particles are metallized and may be oriented by a magnetic field, as will be brought out below.
  • the finishing member may be formed in accordance with the following exemplary process.
  • Rod-shaped filaments of iron, ferric oxide, tungsten oxide, manganese or titanium, or metallized filaments of aluminum oxide or metallized particles of graphite or molybdenum disulfide, all of which have a thickness of less than 50 microns and a length to thickness ratio of at least 10:1, are disposed in a chamber having a supporting surface. This surface defines the final working surface 16.
  • a magnetic field of from approximately 1000 to 20,000 gauss, determined by the viscosity of the resin to be used and the desired lateral spacing of the elements in final relation, is applied across the chamber with the result that the individual elements are oriented by the magnetic field.
  • each element will be substantially parallel to adjacent elements and substantially normal to the future working surface 16.
  • a charge of bonding agent either in liquid or vapor form, is injected into the chamber. Injection is preferably carried out under atmospheric pressure conditions and the elements are maintained in their orientation by the magnetic field. Depending upon the resin used, hardening will commence within 15 to 30 minutes. Thereafter, the field may be withdrawn with the elements being fixed upon solidification.
  • This result may also be achieved by charging the multiplicity of elements into the still liquid bonding agent and similarly aligning the elements with the field.
  • the side watts of the chamber may be displaceable. Therefore, due to the field strength and the magnetism inherent in the elements, the latter will arrange themselves at substantially equal lateral distances from one another. Thus, the percent of resin per cross-sectional area may be varied from below 20% to a maximum of 92%.
  • the invention provides a mechanical working member for the surface treatment of precision workpieces which provides, among others, the advantages noted and overcomes the deficiences in the prior art.
  • An article of manufacture for mechanically surface finishing a precision workpiece consisting of a bondable and solidified support member formed of a plastic bonding compound having a relatively smooth working surface and being of a material selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, saturated polyester resins, and unsaturated polyester resins, a multiplicity of metallic magnetizable rod-shaped abrasive filaments of high strength having a thickness no greater in dimension than 50 microns and a length-to-thickness ratio of at least equal to 10:1, said bodies being fixedly embedded within the support member substantiaiiy parallel to each other and substantiaily perpendicular to the working surface so that one end of body defines a part of said working surface with rod having a cutting edge exposed across said working surface.
  • An article of manufacture for mechanically surface finishing a precision workpiece consisting of a bondable and solidified support member formed of a plastic bonding compound having a relatively smooth working surface and being of a material selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, saturated polyester resins, and unsaturated polyester resins, a multiplicity of metallized flaky particles having their slidable lattice planes extending substantially perpendicular to said working surface, having a thickness no greater in dimension than 50 microns and a length-to-thickness ratio of at least equal to 10:1, said bodies being fixedly embedded within the support member substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the Working surface so that one end of body defines a part of said working surface with rod having a cutting edge exposed across said working surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US525563A 1965-02-09 1966-02-07 Parallel aligned abrasive filaments in a synthetic resin bond Expired - Lifetime US3495960A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH171965A CH455556A (de) 1965-02-09 1965-02-09 Feinschleif- oder Polierkörper und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Publications (1)

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US3495960A true US3495960A (en) 1970-02-17

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US525563A Expired - Lifetime US3495960A (en) 1965-02-09 1966-02-07 Parallel aligned abrasive filaments in a synthetic resin bond

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US (1) US3495960A (de)
AT (1) AT265062B (de)
CH (1) CH455556A (de)
GB (1) GB1100030A (de)
NL (1) NL6601592A (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902864A (en) * 1970-06-03 1975-09-02 Gen Dynamics Corp Composite material for making cutting and abrading tools
US3918218A (en) * 1970-09-17 1975-11-11 Barnes Drill Co Filamentary cutting tool containing solid microparticles and method of making it
US3972161A (en) * 1968-07-01 1976-08-03 Barnes Drill Co. Solid abrading tool with fiber abrasive
US4008055A (en) * 1974-03-07 1977-02-15 Cornelius Phaal Abrasive wheel containing nickel coated needle-shaped cubic boron nitride particles
US4203732A (en) * 1974-03-07 1980-05-20 Cornelius Phaal Method of making an abrasive product
US4246004A (en) * 1974-08-15 1981-01-20 Busch Dieter M Method of making a segmented cup grinding wheel
US4259089A (en) * 1978-08-10 1981-03-31 Tyrolit Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski K.G. Grinding wheel containing grain-coated reinforcement fibers and method of making it
US4938784A (en) * 1986-06-26 1990-07-03 Toa Seito Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Foamed abrasive element and method of producing the same
WO2018080704A1 (en) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Bonded abrasive wheel and method of making the same
WO2018080784A1 (en) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Bonded abrasive wheel and method of making the same
US10655038B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-05-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making magnetizable abrasive particles
US10774251B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-09-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Functional abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making the same
US10947432B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-03-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Magnetizable abrasive particle and method of making the same
US11072732B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-07-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Magnetizable abrasive particles and abrasive articles including them
US11253972B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2022-02-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Structured abrasive articles and methods of making the same
US11597860B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2023-03-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Magnetizable abrasive particle and method of making the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62205203A (ja) * 1986-03-04 1987-09-09 Res Dev Corp Of Japan 超微細金属短繊維の製造法
CN102085645A (zh) * 2010-11-17 2011-06-08 湖南大学 一种磁控砂轮的生产方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1152935A (en) * 1911-03-18 1915-09-07 James P Crane Process of producing compounds of rubber and steel-wool.
US1877651A (en) * 1924-05-24 1932-09-13 Johns Manville Process of making brake lining and the like
US2189340A (en) * 1938-03-31 1940-02-06 Rca Corp Mosaic electrode manufacture
US2232389A (en) * 1939-08-07 1941-02-18 Jurkat Gerhard Composition and method of producing same
US3024392A (en) * 1954-08-27 1962-03-06 Baermann Max Process for the manufacture of plastic bound permanent magnets
US3141050A (en) * 1960-08-16 1964-07-14 Leyman Corp Mechanical orientation of magnetically anisotropic particles
US3359145A (en) * 1964-12-28 1967-12-19 Monsanto Res Corp Electrically conducting adhesive

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1152935A (en) * 1911-03-18 1915-09-07 James P Crane Process of producing compounds of rubber and steel-wool.
US1877651A (en) * 1924-05-24 1932-09-13 Johns Manville Process of making brake lining and the like
US2189340A (en) * 1938-03-31 1940-02-06 Rca Corp Mosaic electrode manufacture
US2232389A (en) * 1939-08-07 1941-02-18 Jurkat Gerhard Composition and method of producing same
US3024392A (en) * 1954-08-27 1962-03-06 Baermann Max Process for the manufacture of plastic bound permanent magnets
US3141050A (en) * 1960-08-16 1964-07-14 Leyman Corp Mechanical orientation of magnetically anisotropic particles
US3359145A (en) * 1964-12-28 1967-12-19 Monsanto Res Corp Electrically conducting adhesive

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3972161A (en) * 1968-07-01 1976-08-03 Barnes Drill Co. Solid abrading tool with fiber abrasive
US3902864A (en) * 1970-06-03 1975-09-02 Gen Dynamics Corp Composite material for making cutting and abrading tools
US3918218A (en) * 1970-09-17 1975-11-11 Barnes Drill Co Filamentary cutting tool containing solid microparticles and method of making it
US4008055A (en) * 1974-03-07 1977-02-15 Cornelius Phaal Abrasive wheel containing nickel coated needle-shaped cubic boron nitride particles
US4203732A (en) * 1974-03-07 1980-05-20 Cornelius Phaal Method of making an abrasive product
US4246004A (en) * 1974-08-15 1981-01-20 Busch Dieter M Method of making a segmented cup grinding wheel
US4259089A (en) * 1978-08-10 1981-03-31 Tyrolit Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski K.G. Grinding wheel containing grain-coated reinforcement fibers and method of making it
US4938784A (en) * 1986-06-26 1990-07-03 Toa Seito Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Foamed abrasive element and method of producing the same
CN109890566A (zh) * 2016-10-25 2019-06-14 3M创新有限公司 粘结砂轮及其制备方法
WO2018080784A1 (en) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Bonded abrasive wheel and method of making the same
WO2018080704A1 (en) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Bonded abrasive wheel and method of making the same
US10655038B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-05-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making magnetizable abrasive particles
EP3532250A4 (de) * 2016-10-25 2020-06-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Gebondete schleifscheibe und verfahren zur herstellung davon
US10774251B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-09-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Functional abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making the same
US10947432B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-03-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Magnetizable abrasive particle and method of making the same
US11072732B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-07-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Magnetizable abrasive particles and abrasive articles including them
CN109890566B (zh) * 2016-10-25 2021-11-19 3M创新有限公司 粘结砂轮及其制备方法
US11253972B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2022-02-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Structured abrasive articles and methods of making the same
US11484990B2 (en) * 2016-10-25 2022-11-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Bonded abrasive wheel and method of making the same
US11597860B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2023-03-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Magnetizable abrasive particle and method of making the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6601592A (de) 1966-08-10
CH455556A (de) 1968-07-15
GB1100030A (en) 1968-01-24
AT265062B (de) 1968-09-25

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