US3495446A - Applicator for chromatography and electrophoresis - Google Patents

Applicator for chromatography and electrophoresis Download PDF

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Publication number
US3495446A
US3495446A US646872A US3495446DA US3495446A US 3495446 A US3495446 A US 3495446A US 646872 A US646872 A US 646872A US 3495446D A US3495446D A US 3495446DA US 3495446 A US3495446 A US 3495446A
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United States
Prior art keywords
applicator
notches
fluid
bar
chromatography
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Expired - Lifetime
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US646872A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald E Williamson
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Cordis Corp
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Cordis Corp
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Publication date
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/90—Plate chromatography, e.g. thin layer or paper chromatography
    • G01N30/91—Application of the sample

Definitions

  • the applicator comprises a relatively thin applicator bar having a number of discretely spaced triangular notches cut into its bottom face, each notch extending downwardly from a side face. In the preferred embodiment, alternate notches open on opposite side faces.
  • the applicator bar may have a number of transverse break lines extending transversely to the bottom face so that smaller bars may be broken off.
  • Chromatographic and electrophoretic methods are frequently used to separate the components of a multi-component solution. Such methods utilize the different ionic, solubility or adsorption characteristics of the various molecular components of the solution with respect to the chromatographic material on which they are deposited.
  • paper chromatography One very simple but popular method of chromatography, known as paper chromatography, requires that the solution to be analyzed be placed on chromatographic paper in a thin line and in a precisely controlled and evenly distributed amount. The fluid is then caused to migrate along the paper and the various components are separated into zones according to the different rates at which they travel. These differing migration rates are dependent upon the physical properties of the adsorbent (i.e. paper), the properties of the molecules to be separated and the properties of the solvents used. The principles described are also applied to thin layer chromatography. A layer of the absorbent (i.e., silica gel, cellulose) is spread on a support of glass or plastic.
  • the absorbent i.e., silica gel, cellulose
  • an improved applicator which is capable of applying a precisely controlled quantity of fluid in a thin line on a chromatographic paper or thin layer adsorbent may be formed from a relatively thin applicator bar having a number of discretely spaced triangular notches formed in its bottom face. Preferably, alternate notches open onto opposite flat faces of the applicator bar. Fluid is retained in these notches by capillary action when the applicator bar is dipped into the solution to be analyzed. The solution is deposited on the chromatographic paper or thin layer adsorbent in a fine line of controlled thickness merely by touching the applicator to the paper or adsorbent. Break lines extending transversely to the row of notches are provided on the applicator to permit smaller applicator segments of predetermined capacity to be formed from larger applicator bars by separating bars of desired length along the appropriate lines.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide an improved applicator which is readily separable into smaller applicator segments for the application of discrete, precisely controlled quantities of fluid to a surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a pictorial view of a multi-section applicator constructed in accordance with my invention
  • FIG. 2 is a pictorial view of an applicator with one section broken away;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a portion of an applicator bar
  • FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the lower portion of an applicator .bar showing the angulation of the notches.
  • FIG. 5 is a bottom view of an applicator showing the arrangement of the notches in more detail.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are pictorial views of an applicator bar 10 having side faces 12 and 14 sloping toward a thin bottom face 16 in which triangular notches 18 are formed; these notches extend through both the side and bottom faces of the applicator bar.
  • Break lines 20 are formed at convenient, e.g. 2 inch intervals along the applicator bar, these lines extending transversely to the bottom face of the bar to allow the bar to be readily broken into a number of smaller applicator segments, each of which is capable of supplying a predetermined quantity of fluid to a chromatographic surface.
  • the applicator may be formed from a number of different materials; in practice, a plastic polystyrene has been found to work well.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the applicator bar of FIGS. 1 and 2 showing the positioning of the notches in greater detail
  • FIG. 4 is a side sectional view along the line 44 of FIG. 3.
  • the notches 18 open onto both the side faces 12 and 14 and the bottom face 16 of the applicator bar, alternate notches opening onto alternate side faces of the bar. Staggering the notches in this fashion provides greater structural strength in the applicator and allows the notches to be spaced closely together while insuring that the fluid in a given notch does not come into contact with, or interfere with, the fluid in adjacent notches. Each notch thus holds a like quantity of fluid, without communicating with adjacent notches. There is therefore no possibility that fluid will run to one end or another if the applicator is tipped from the horizontal.
  • FIG. 4 shows the shape of each of these notches in greater detail.
  • the notches 18 slope downwardly and toward the opposite side face to form a triangular notch a shown in FIG. 4.
  • Fluid 22 which is brought into contact with the bottom face of the applicator adheres to the walls of the notches through capillary attraction and assumes a shape similar to that shown in FIG. 4.
  • This fluid may be deposited on a chromatographic surface 24 by pressing the applicator against the chromatographic material to form a fine straight line having a precisely controlled quantity of fluid.
  • a convenient applicator having a capacity of 50 micro-liters may be formed from an applicator bar approximately 4 inches long by 1 /2 inches high with notches Whose dimensions are those of a triangle having a base of .048 inch, a height of .0831 inch, a thickness of .0141 inch, and a pitch along the bottom face of the applicator of .0305 inch.
  • FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the applicator of my invention showing the arrangement of the notches in more detail. As may be seen from this figure, alternate notches open onto opposite side faces of the applicator bar. The notches extend across substantially the entire width of the bottom face of the bar and are equally spaced and distributed along the length of this face.
  • An applicator for depositing a predetermined amount of fluid on a receptive surface comprising an applicator bar having side and bottom faces, and having a plurality of transversely extending adjacent, closelyspaced notches formed in said bar each communicating with said bottom face and with a side face, said notches being separate from each other and each being capable of holding a predetermined quantity of fluid by capillary adhesion, whereby the fluid held by the notches is not free to flow from one notch to another and said applicator may deposit said fluid uniformly on and across a receptive surface on being brought into contact therewith.
  • applicator defined in claim 3 in which said applicator bar has a plurality of break lines formed at predetermined intervals and extending transversely to said bottom face whereby applicators of smaller capacity may be formed from a given applicator bar by segmenting said bar along a break line.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US646872A 1967-06-19 1967-06-19 Applicator for chromatography and electrophoresis Expired - Lifetime US3495446A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US64687267A 1967-06-19 1967-06-19

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US3495446A true US3495446A (en) 1970-02-17

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US646872A Expired - Lifetime US3495446A (en) 1967-06-19 1967-06-19 Applicator for chromatography and electrophoresis

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US (1) US3495446A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1773496A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1560981A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1177730A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6808280A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE337302B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3855846A (en) * 1972-04-07 1974-12-24 Marine Colloids Inc Sample applicator
JPS5028897A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-12 1975-03-24
US3988921A (en) * 1974-02-08 1976-11-02 Lightner Gene E Method and apparatus for spotting chromatographic elements
US4294684A (en) * 1980-06-30 1981-10-13 Board Of Reagents, University Of Texas Template for forming multiple gel tracks within a single electrophoretic gel frame
US4534211A (en) * 1983-09-02 1985-08-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Testing apparatus for quantitatively measuring creepability of liquids
US4574621A (en) * 1984-06-25 1986-03-11 Wagner Spray Tech Corporation Combination viscosity measuring device and stirrer
US5275710A (en) * 1990-05-14 1994-01-04 Labintelligence, Inc. Gel electrophoresis system including optical stage, sample applicator and sample retriever

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2510758A1 (fr) * 1981-07-30 1983-02-04 Oreal Procede de prelevement et d'analyse par chromatographie sur plaque et dispositifs permettant sa mise en oeuvre

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1180166B (de) * 1961-12-06 1964-10-22 Dr Egon Stahl Breitband-Pipette, insbesondere fuer Papier- und Duennschichtchromatographie sowie fuer Elektrophorese, zum Auftragen von Fluessigkeiten auf Sorptionsschichten
US3358496A (en) * 1965-08-03 1967-12-19 Larry B Farmer Chromatographic applicator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1180166B (de) * 1961-12-06 1964-10-22 Dr Egon Stahl Breitband-Pipette, insbesondere fuer Papier- und Duennschichtchromatographie sowie fuer Elektrophorese, zum Auftragen von Fluessigkeiten auf Sorptionsschichten
US3358496A (en) * 1965-08-03 1967-12-19 Larry B Farmer Chromatographic applicator

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3855846A (en) * 1972-04-07 1974-12-24 Marine Colloids Inc Sample applicator
JPS5028897A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-12 1975-03-24
US3988921A (en) * 1974-02-08 1976-11-02 Lightner Gene E Method and apparatus for spotting chromatographic elements
US4294684A (en) * 1980-06-30 1981-10-13 Board Of Reagents, University Of Texas Template for forming multiple gel tracks within a single electrophoretic gel frame
US4534211A (en) * 1983-09-02 1985-08-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Testing apparatus for quantitatively measuring creepability of liquids
US4574621A (en) * 1984-06-25 1986-03-11 Wagner Spray Tech Corporation Combination viscosity measuring device and stirrer
US5275710A (en) * 1990-05-14 1994-01-04 Labintelligence, Inc. Gel electrophoresis system including optical stage, sample applicator and sample retriever

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1560981A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-03-21
SE337302B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-02
DE1773496A1 (de) 1971-11-25
GB1177730A (en) 1970-01-14
NL6808280A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-12-20

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