US3493359A - Molten bath with roller for drawing a glass sheet thereover - Google Patents

Molten bath with roller for drawing a glass sheet thereover Download PDF

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Publication number
US3493359A
US3493359A US816164A US3493359DA US3493359A US 3493359 A US3493359 A US 3493359A US 816164 A US816164 A US 816164A US 3493359D A US3493359D A US 3493359DA US 3493359 A US3493359 A US 3493359A
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United States
Prior art keywords
glass
teeth
ribbon
wheels
edge roll
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Expired - Lifetime
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US816164A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jack Lawrenson
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Pilkington Group Ltd
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Pilkington Brothers Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
    • C03B18/02—Forming sheets
    • C03B18/04—Changing or regulating the dimensions of the molten glass ribbon
    • C03B18/06—Changing or regulating the dimensions of the molten glass ribbon using mechanical means, e.g. restrictor bars, edge rollers

Definitions

  • An edge roll for engaging viscous glass as it is advanced along a molten metal surface has one or more sets of projecting peripheral teeth each set being arranged perpendicular to the roll axis and the teeth being arranged for biting into the glass surface.
  • This invention relates to apparatus for use in the manufacture of fiat glass, and more especially to an edge roller construction for engaging a margin or both margins of ribbon glass as it is advanced along a molten metal surface, to control the rate of advance of the ribbon along the surface.
  • the molten bath is a bath of molten tin or a molten tin alloy in which tin predominates and having a specific gravity greater than glass.
  • the bath may be so constituted as to have all the charactreistics fully described in United States Patent No. 2,911,759.
  • an edge roll for engaging a margin of a ribbon of viscous glass as it is advanced along a molten metal surface to control the rate of advance of the ribbon, which edge roll has at least one set of peripheral teeth for biting into the surface of the viscous glass.
  • peripheral teeth on the edge roll are in nature similar to the teeth of a sprocket wheel, and they bite into the margins of the ribbon of glass.
  • a single set of peripheral teeth may provide a sufiicient grip of the viscous glass.
  • the edge roll is provided with a plurality of sets of peripheral teeth, which sets of teeth are spaced apart axially of the edge roll.
  • the edge roll comprises a number of adjacent toothed wheels held together as an integral unit which is fixed to one end of a supporting axle.
  • An edge roll according to the invention may, however, be machined from a single block of material with the set or sets of teeth machined around the periphery of the edge roll.
  • the teeth may be pointed or have curved outer edges.
  • each tooth has a straight outer edge and the sets of teeth are so arranged that the straight edges of the teeth are out of alignment with each other, This enables the viscous glass to well upwardly effectively between the teeth and gives an even grip of the edge roll on the upper surface of the glass, without extracting too much heat from the glass.
  • the edge roll comprises three toothed wheels having equal numbers of teeth.
  • the teeth are of symmetrical profile and the straight outer edges of the teeth are parallel to the wheel 3,493,359 Patented Feb. 3, 1970 axis.
  • the teeth may have an asymmetrical profile, for example the teeth may be of saw-tooth form.
  • the supporting axle may be formed with a cylindrical bore in which is mounted a central pipe for supplying cooling fluid to the axle.
  • a solid annular collar is fixed to the end of the axle, and the toothed wheels are fixed to the outer surface of the collar.
  • cylindrical bore of the axle opens into a cylindrical drum which is fixed to the end of the axle, the central pipe terminates within the drum, and the wheels are fixed to the outside of the drum.
  • each toothed wheel may be made of carbon, e.g. in the form of graphite, or boron nitride, or spheroidal graphite cast iron, or stainless steel.
  • the edge roll is so constructed that it can be cooled.
  • the teeth of the edge roll may, in some applications, where the viscosity of the glass is low and the pressure applied by the roll to the surface of the glass is high, cause track marks in the upper surface of the glass which extend some way inwardly towards the centre of the glass ribbon,
  • a sharp-edged disc may be mounted on the end of the supporting axle inwardly of the toothed wheels and axially spaced from the teeth of the innermost wheel, the diameter of the disc being of the same order as that of the toothed wheels.
  • the disc runs a longitudinally extending groove into the upper surface of the glass and prevents the propagation of tooth marks in the glass inwardly of that groove.
  • the disc is made of a similar material to the toothed wheels, for example carbon in the form of graphite, or boron nitrides, or spheroidal graphite cast iron, or stainless steel.
  • the invention also comprehends apparatus for use in the manufacture of fiat glass in ribbon form, comprising a tank structure holding a bath of molten metal, through opposite sides of which tank structure project axles each carrying an edge roll of the kind set out above, whereby said edge rolls engage the margins of a ribbon of glass advancing along the bath of molten metal to control the rate of advance of the ribbon along the bath.
  • axles of the edge rolls may be inclined towards the direction of advance of the glass ribbon.
  • FIGURE 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of an edge roll according to the invention which is illustrated engaging a margin of a ribbon of viscous glass which is being advanced along the surface of a bath of molten metal.
  • FIGURE 2 is a section on line IIII of FIGURE 1,
  • FIGURE 3 is an elevation similar to FIGURE 1 of another embodiment of an edge roll according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a section on line IVIV of FIGURE 3.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 of the drawings A first embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2 of the drawings.
  • a ribbon 1 of viscous glass is being advanced along the surface 2 of a bath 3 of molten metal which is contained in a tank structure,
  • the bath of molten metal is held in an elongated tank structure and is preferably a bath of molten tin or of a molten tin alloy having a specific gravity greater than glass and in which tin predominates.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 An edge roll construction according to the invention for engaging the margins of an advancing ribbon of viscous glass is illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2. In FIGURE 1 the edge roll is shown engaging one margin of the ribbon of glass 1.
  • the edge roll according to the invention comprises three toothed wheels 5, 6 and 7, which are in the nature of sprocket wheels and which may be made of a material which is non-wettable with respect to molten glass and is not attacked by molten glass, for example carbon in the form of graphite or boron nitride.
  • the wheels may be of spheroidal graphite cast iron, or stainless steel.
  • the three toothed wheels have equal numbers of teeth and, as shown in FIGURE 2, the teeth are of symmetrical profile.
  • Each tooth has a straight outer edge 9, and these straight outer edges 9 of all the teeth are parallel to the axis of the wheels.
  • the Width of the teeth 8 is less than the width of the wheels so that when the wheels are mounted, as will be described, in abutment with each other the sets of teeth are spaced apart axially of the edge roll by the annular shoulders 10 formed by the cylindrical part of the peripheries of the wheels 5 and 6.
  • the three wheels 5, 6 and 7 are fixed to one end of a supporting axle 11 which has a cylindrical bore 12.
  • the axle 11 is supported in bearings 13 fitted in the side wall of the tank structure, which bearings also include sealing glands to prevent influx of external atmosphere into the headspace over the bath through the bearings fitted in the side wall 4. Beyond the outside of the tank wall 4 the supporting axle narrows to form a portion 14 of lesser diameter which is connected to a motor for driving the axle.
  • the inner end of the axle 11 is closed by an integral end closure 15 and a solid annular collar 16 is fixed to the inner end of the axle.
  • a central cylindrical recess 17 in the collar 16 into which recess the end of the axle 11 fits, the collar 16 then being fixed to the end of the axle 11 by spot welding as indicated at 18.
  • the collar 16 Co-axial with the recess 17 the collar 16 is formed on its inner face 19 with a central boss 20 which projects inwardly of the tank structure.
  • the outer surface 21 of the collar 16 is formed with a radial flange 22.
  • the three toothed wheels 5, 6 and 7 are a clearance fit over the outer surface of the outer periphery 23 of the collar 16 and may each be formed with a flat, not shown, on its inner surface which keys with a flat on the periphery 23 of the collar 16.
  • the inner wheel 7 is thicker than the wheels 5 and 6, and the annular shoulder 24 on the periphery of the wheel 7 is therefore wider than the shoulders 9 on the wheels 5 and 6.
  • the edge roll construction is completed by an optional feature, namely a sharp edged disc 25 formed of the same material as the wheels and which is mounted on the collar 16 inwardly of the toothed wheels.
  • the diameter of the disc 25 is of the same order as that of the toothed wheels.
  • the disc is pressed into abutment against the wheel 7 and the disc 25 and Wheels 5, 6 and 7 are pressed together and against the outer flange 22 of the collar by a cap 26 formed with a central aperture which fits over and is secured to the boss 20.
  • the disc 25 is axially spaced from the teeth of the innermost wheel 7.
  • the radius of the cap 26 is slightly greater than that of the collar 16 and this mai ta ns he d c a d W eels 5. 6 and 7 fixed to the collar 16 without the cap coming near to contact with the ribbon 1 of plastic glass.
  • a central pipe 27 is mounted axially in the cylindrical bore 12 and extends through the bore almost to the end of the bore. Cooling fluid is supplied to the axle 11 through the pipe 27, for example water, and circulates through the axle. Because no provisions are made to ensure good thermal connection between the wheels 5. 6 and 7 and the axle 11, the cooling of the axle 11 and the wheels 5, 6 and 7 does not entail appreciable heat extraction from the margin of the glass contacted by the edge roll.
  • the axle 11 is mounted through the side wall 4 of the tank structure just above the level 2 of the surface of the molten metal bath so that the teeth 8 on the wheels 5, 6 and 7 as well as the sharp edge 28 of the disc 25 bite into the top surface of the margin of the ribbon of viscous glass.
  • the wheels are staggered as they are fixed to the collar so that the straight edges 9 of the teeth are out of alignment with each other. This maintains an even grip on the whole width of the margin of the ribbon.
  • the edge roll is able to hold the margin of the glass against transverse movement.
  • the part 14 of the axle 11 is connected to a motor outside the tank structure for rotating the axle at a desired speed so that the peripheral speed of the teeth 8 can be accurately adjusted.
  • the teeth bite into the top surface of the viscous glass against the reaction due to the upthrust of the molten metal 3 on the glass, and the rate of advance of the margins of the ribbon 1 at oppositely disposed locations as accurately determined by the peripheral speed of the pair of opposed edge rolls.
  • the biting of the teeth 8 into the upper surface of the plastic glass necessarily deforms that upper surface in the marginal regions of the ribbon, and in cases where the viscosity of the glass is relatively low, for example about 10 to 10 poises, and when the edge roll is being pressed down into the glass in order to give good engagement of the edge roll with the glass, teeth marks may be propagated laterally along the surface of the ribbon of glass.
  • the sharp edged disc 25 prevents the propagation of such teeth marks into the surface of the main part of the ribbon by acting as a barrier and in effect running a longitudinally extending groove into the upper surface of the glass, which groove defines the inner limit of the marginal area of the ribbon whose upper surface is marred by the biting of the edge roll teeth into the glass.
  • the disc 25 may be dispensed with so that the edge roll would only comprise the three toothed wheels 5, 6 and 7 fixed to the collar 16.
  • the edge roll would only comprise the three toothed wheels 5, 6 and 7 fixed to the collar 16.
  • three wheels are described in the preferred embodiment, in some instances only one wheel can give an advantageous result in assisting the control of the marginal speed of the ribbon of glass. Two wheels would give greater control, and while the three wheeled edge roll is preferred if even greater control is necessary four toothed Wheels may be employed. The number of wheels used will depend on how much marginal wastage of the ribbon of glass can be tolerated.
  • the edge roll with its peripheral teeth may be machined from a single block of material, for example a block of graphite material.
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 Another embodiment of the invention with difierent cooling arrangements is illustrated in FIGURES 3 and 4, and this embodiment is simplified because it is not shown as including a barrier disc 25, although a disc 25 may be fitted if desired.
  • the cylindrical bore 12 of the axle 11 opens into a cylindrical drum 30 fixed to the end of the axle 11 and the central pipe 27 for conveying cooling fluid terminates inside the drum 30.
  • the outer face of the drum 30 is formed with a peripheral flange 31 similar to the flange 22 in the embodiment of FIGURES l and 2, and three toothed wheels 32, 33 and 34 are fixed to the outer cylindrical periphery 35 of the drum 30.
  • the wheels may be keyed on to this periphery 35 in such a way that the teeth 8 on the wheels are staggered as shown in FIGURE 4.
  • the teeth 8 each have a sharp outer edge 9 which is parallel to the axis of the edge roll.
  • the outer wheel 32 is formed with an annular shoulder 36 which defines a space between the teeth 8 on the wheel 32 and the teeth 8 on the wheel 33.
  • the width of the teeth on the wheel 32 is the same as the width of the wheel, and the spacing between the teeth on the wheel 33 and those on the wheel 34 is maintained by an outwardly directed annular shoulder 37 on the inner wheel 34.
  • circulation of the cooling fluid indicated by the arrows 38 takes place inside the drum 30 close to the wheels 32, 33 and 34 so that there is greater cooling of these wheels than in the case of the construction with the solid collar 16 illustrated in FIG- URE l and this edge roll construction can be used where greater heat extraction from the margins of the ribbon of glass can be tolerated.
  • the motors connected to the axles 11 of the edge rolls are regulated so that the peripheral speed of the teeth 8 of the edge rolls is regulated according to the rate at which the stabilised ribbon of glass is discharged from the bath 3 of molten metal.
  • More than one pair of edge rolls according to the invention may be provided spaced down the tank structure for engaging the margins of the ribbon of glass in order to provide additional control of the rate of advance of the ribbon along the bath.
  • the edge rolls may be used anywhere along the tank structure where the viscosity of the glass is such as to permit the teeth of the edge rolls to bite into the upper surface of the margins of the glass.
  • the edge rolls may engage the glass ribbon anywhere where the viscosity of the glass is within the range of 10 to 10 poises.
  • axles 11 of the edge rolls are disposed at right-angles to the direction of advance of the glass, but if desired the axles may be inclined towards the direction of advance of the ribbon, that is inclined slightly downstream of the bath, so that an outwardly directed force component is applied to the margins of the ribbon of glass.
  • the invention thus provides an edge roll construction which enables improved control of the rate of advance of a ribbon of glass to be achieved as that ribbon glides along a molten metal surface.
  • An edge roll for engaging a margin of ribbon of viscous glass as it is advanced along a molten metal surface to control the rate of advance of the ribbon, which edge roll has at least one set of peripheral teeth, arranged perpendicular to the roll axis, which teeth project from the roll for biting into the surface of the viscous glass.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
US816164A 1965-03-11 1969-04-08 Molten bath with roller for drawing a glass sheet thereover Expired - Lifetime US3493359A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB10446/65A GB1118711A (en) 1965-03-11 1965-03-11 Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the manufacture of flat glass

Publications (1)

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US3493359A true US3493359A (en) 1970-02-03

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US (1) US3493359A (fr)
BE (1) BE677717A (fr)
DE (1) DE1596589B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES323617A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1118711A (fr)
LU (1) LU50611A1 (fr)
NL (2) NL6603169A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661548A (en) * 1969-06-30 1972-05-09 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Apparatus for manufacturing glass ribbon by float process
US3709673A (en) * 1970-11-25 1973-01-09 Ppg Industries Inc Edge-roll machine in float glass apparatus
US3860406A (en) * 1967-10-11 1975-01-14 Ford Motor Co Method of manufacturing glass
US4157908A (en) * 1978-09-01 1979-06-12 Ppg Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for thickness control of float glass with toothed cylindrical member that has axis extended in the direction of glass flow
WO2013157478A1 (fr) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-24 旭硝子株式会社 Dispositif et procédé de production d'une feuille de verre et dispositif de roulage de bord destiné à la production de verre flotté
JP2014193796A (ja) * 2013-02-26 2014-10-09 Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd ガラス板製造装置、及びガラス板製造方法
KR20150002660A (ko) * 2012-04-12 2015-01-07 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 유리판의 제조 방법 및 제조 장치
KR20150002678A (ko) * 2012-04-17 2015-01-07 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 유리판의 제조 장치 및 제조 방법
US11467678B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2022-10-11 Shapirten Laboratories Llc Power efficient stylus for an electronic device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007000746B9 (de) * 2007-09-19 2009-06-04 Schott Ag Durchführungsvorrichtung für Bortenroller und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flachglas
DE102009026541B4 (de) 2009-05-28 2012-06-06 Schott Ag Bortenroller

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1425225A (en) * 1921-03-02 1922-08-08 Libbey Owens Sheet Glass Co Apparatus for drawing sheet glass
US1598073A (en) * 1924-10-11 1926-08-31 Libbey Owens Sheet Glass Co Sheet-glass-drawing apparatus
US3083551A (en) * 1957-05-03 1963-04-02 Pilkington Brothers Ltd Manufacture of flat glass

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1425225A (en) * 1921-03-02 1922-08-08 Libbey Owens Sheet Glass Co Apparatus for drawing sheet glass
US1598073A (en) * 1924-10-11 1926-08-31 Libbey Owens Sheet Glass Co Sheet-glass-drawing apparatus
US3083551A (en) * 1957-05-03 1963-04-02 Pilkington Brothers Ltd Manufacture of flat glass

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3860406A (en) * 1967-10-11 1975-01-14 Ford Motor Co Method of manufacturing glass
US3661548A (en) * 1969-06-30 1972-05-09 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Apparatus for manufacturing glass ribbon by float process
US3709673A (en) * 1970-11-25 1973-01-09 Ppg Industries Inc Edge-roll machine in float glass apparatus
US4157908A (en) * 1978-09-01 1979-06-12 Ppg Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for thickness control of float glass with toothed cylindrical member that has axis extended in the direction of glass flow
KR20150002660A (ko) * 2012-04-12 2015-01-07 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 유리판의 제조 방법 및 제조 장치
KR102045834B1 (ko) 2012-04-12 2019-11-18 에이지씨 가부시키가이샤 유리판의 제조 방법 및 제조 장치
WO2013157478A1 (fr) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-24 旭硝子株式会社 Dispositif et procédé de production d'une feuille de verre et dispositif de roulage de bord destiné à la production de verre flotté
KR20150002678A (ko) * 2012-04-17 2015-01-07 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 유리판의 제조 장치 및 제조 방법
KR102045833B1 (ko) 2012-04-17 2019-11-18 에이지씨 가부시키가이샤 유리판의 제조 장치 및 제조 방법
JP2014193796A (ja) * 2013-02-26 2014-10-09 Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd ガラス板製造装置、及びガラス板製造方法
US11467678B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2022-10-11 Shapirten Laboratories Llc Power efficient stylus for an electronic device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU50611A1 (fr) 1966-05-25
ES323617A1 (es) 1967-01-16
GB1118711A (en) 1968-07-03
DE1596589B1 (de) 1970-02-12
NL136460C (fr)
NL6603169A (fr) 1966-09-12
BE677717A (fr) 1966-09-12

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