US3481821A - Waterproof fabric and method for forming the same - Google Patents

Waterproof fabric and method for forming the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3481821A
US3481821A US497799A US3481821DA US3481821A US 3481821 A US3481821 A US 3481821A US 497799 A US497799 A US 497799A US 3481821D A US3481821D A US 3481821DA US 3481821 A US3481821 A US 3481821A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
loops
film
elastomeric
yarns
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US497799A
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English (en)
Inventor
Augusto J Brunner
Fulvio Costa
Luigi Falcone
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Flexa Industria Materie Plastiche SpA
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Flexa Industria Materie Plastiche SpA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using flocked webs or pile fabrics upon which a resin is applied; Teasing, raising web before resin application
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
    • D06N3/0095—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by inversion technique; by transfer processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B13/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion
    • F01B13/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with one cylinder only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23914—Interlaminar
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23986—With coating, impregnation, or bond
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23993—Composition of pile or adhesive

Definitions

  • a composite material useful for the manufacture of garments comprising a fabric base in the form of :a runproof knitted fabric of natural, .artificial and synthetic fibers, air cells obtained through loops defining a raised surface of the fabric :and being an uninterrupted continuation of the fabric and a water-proof layer or film formed by an elastomeric material disposed upon the crest of the loops but spaced apart from the base fabric. Methods for making the composite material are described.
  • the present invention relates to a composite material formed of a fabric and an elastomer.
  • Such material 1s useful for the manufacture of garments ⁇ and other articles adapted for protective and/or sporting uses.
  • Thls material is characterized by the fact that the elastomer, 1n film or layer form, is separated from the fabric by means of air cells and yet is secured to the fabric in a flexible manner.
  • the invention further relates to a method for the preparation of the foregoing composite material.
  • the water-proofing o-f textiles has heretofore been effected by the use of -water repe'lling substances or by coating and coupling Iwith synthetic or rubber materials. It has been noted that the use of water repellants has not resulted in lasting waterproofing. Thus, the water repellant substance is gradually removed during long Iand repeated exposures to violent downpours of water.
  • thermoplastic resins characterized by a second order transition temperature of notably higher than atmospheric temperature, flexibility is obtained by ⁇ an abundant use of plasticizer.
  • the rubberglass transition temperature never is so low as to hinder transition from the vitrousV state at temperatures normally reached in the -winter months.
  • micro-molecular plasticizers which are most suitable for lowering the second order transition temperature normally exhibit the phenomenon of outward or surface migration, and therefore there occurs a progressive stiffening.
  • the latter reach the vitrous state only at very low temperatures, generally far less than the temperatures encountered under usual atmospheric conditions.
  • the rubbers which are best suited for this purpose are, however, of the diene type, and are therfore easily degraded by the action of light and oxygen. These degradations yare accompanied by stifening and cracking and therefore, in time, by a decrease in flexibility and water-proofness.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a composite material free from the previous disadvantages Iand characterized by an absolute consistency of flexibility, softness, land waterproofness, with time.
  • Another aspect of this invention is the provision of a composite material in which coupling of two components, fabric and elastomeric film, is indirectly effected by means of air cells, whereby the composite material exhibits the desirable characteristics of each of the two components without the presence of one impairing or reducing the properties of the other.
  • the composite material exhibits the softness of the fabric base and yet also exhibits the attributes of elasticity, resistance to external agents and abrasion, waterproofness, and air and vapor permeability, characteristic 4of the elastomeric film.
  • FIG. l is a schematic longitudinal profile View and shows our fabric base with loops protruding thereabove;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal profile view showing a rubbery layer bonded to the crests of the loops and spaced from the fabric base;
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a method of applying the rubbery layer ⁇ to the loop crests.
  • the composite material of this invention comprises:
  • a fabric base desirably in the form of a runproof knitted fabric of natural, artificial or synthetic fiber
  • the runproof knitted fabric and the continuous loops protruding out from it consist of multiand/or parallel filament yarn with a low number of twists per meter and desirably having a Weight from of about 20 to 250 denier.
  • the yarns making up the fabric and loops may either be formed from polymeric materials such as polyoleiins, polyamides, polyurethanes, or polymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, or tetralluoroethylene. These yarns may also be formed from cellulose acetate or triacetate, or of silk. Also a terry cloth (cotton fiber) may be employed provided that the loops are constructed so as to remain upright.
  • the series of loops of the intermediate layer is formed by a runproof knitted fabric obtained on a chain loom with an appropriate movement of the comb through a recognized raising textile finishing process, whereby the yarns may -be extracted out of the plane of the fabric without being broken.
  • the elastomeric film be formed from a material selected from the group consisting of chlorosulphonated polyethylene or polypropylene, ethylene-propylene codesiredproperties by appropriate selectiont'ofv .llersfandother vingredients-of the mixtures, whether vulcanizable orl non-vulcanizable.- 1 v
  • the invention also comprehendsthe ⁇ resultant. articles, manufactured goods and garments, such' l'as overalls,
  • Thecomposite material of our invention is prepared by a method comprising preparing a runproof knitted fabric base of natural, artificial or synthetic fibers, extracting from such fabric a series of protruding loops which represent an uninterrupted continuation of the fabric yarns, and applying to the crests of such loops a film of an elastomeric substance, such film being spaced from the fabric rbase and fioating upon it.
  • a fabric is employed that is made up of multiand/ or parallel filament yarns, desirably having a low number of twists per meter and having a weight of from about 20 to 250 denier.
  • the volume between the film and the underlying fabric base is occupied by air, which thus creates ideal cells. These cells cause the elastomeric film to float on the fabric, thus enhancing the softness and lightness of the Whole. Moreover, the air cells also serve as thermal insulation.
  • the independent relative mobility of the layer formed by the fabric and that formed by the elastic film allows, according to the normal strains imposed by movements of the human body, the individual softness of the fabric and the individual elasticity of the elastomeric material each to. ⁇ be conferred to the garments.
  • the elastic film in accordance with a further aspect of this invention, although comprising a water repellent material, may have a finite porosity such that it is permeable to gases and vapors, yet is atthe same time impermeable to liquid-water.
  • the presence f appropriate reticulating, agents can determine during this phase, if desired, thedegree of reticulation of the elastomer used. As a consequence, the film acquires all of the advantages noted and which result from such a treatment.
  • the rubbery polymer should be an elastomer having a high resistance to degradation from atmospheric agents.
  • an elastomeric film is prepared on a non-adhesive material (e.g., paper or cloth provided with an anti-adhesive layer such as a silicone or polytetrafiuoroethylene layer) or on a metallic plate and is then transferred on the tops 0f the loops of the fabric with appropriately adjusted rollers.
  • a non-adhesive material e.g., paper or cloth provided with an anti-adhesive layer such as a silicone or polytetrafiuoroethylene layer
  • FIGURE 1 shows a part of fabric supplied with loops.
  • the loops are the uninterrupted continuation (i.e., the raising up) without discontinuity of the yarns of the fabric TS. That is, the loops are not obtained from stumps of broken, split, protruding or raised yarns thatwould (l) Aweakendthefabric#base and (2) .would not provide anY electric ,cushion for the upper film.
  • loops also including,l in this term, so-called hairs, in particular those thickly deposited by mechanical or electrical methods so as to cjb-f tain flocked fabrics
  • the loops be vertically erect for a length of preferably from about 2S to 200 microns so as to support the floating elastomeric film.
  • liocked fabrics are the only ones which show characteristics corresponding to those of the other looped fabrics of our invention.
  • rugosity or wrinkling can Ibe imparted to the elastomer film so as to make it similar to skins or natural leather by means of conventional devices, e.g., by shrinking the fabric after the film has been coupled thereto, or by mechanical crimping.
  • FIG. 2 shows elastomer'film PE disposed upon and adhered to the envelope or surface of the" crests of the loops A, giving rise to air cells LA because it does 'not 'come into direct contact with the fabric TS.
  • a consequenceA of such structure is that when blowing air upon the elastomeric film side (if such filrn'is not porous), no passage of air therethrough occurs. Yet -air will pass if. it is blown from the knitted base side. That is, thecair ⁇ will pass through the fabric and expand into the cells IA created by the elastomeric film-.PE and thel basefabric 'ITS.
  • FIG. 3. illustraterates a, ⁇ preferred method ⁇ for fixing the film PE (preformed on a non-adhesive ,base-C) to ⁇ thc fabric TS supplied with. loops A ⁇ by an appropriately set roller B.
  • Example'l 1 9 0 gm. of a linear polyester of diethylene glycol an adipic acid, having a' molecular weiglit oflSOO-ZOOQ, were mixed with 190 gm. of a mixture ⁇ consistingof 80% metatolyl-diisocyanate and 20% para-tolyl-diisocyanate (foi example the commercial product known by, the'llnanie to about 100 C., an elastic and transparent lilm was obtained having the follow mechanical properties:
  • Example 3 an elastic lilm was obtained which lilm was permeable to vapors and air but was im-y permeable to liquid water.
  • the film exhibited the follow- Tensile stren th kg./cm.2 180 Elongation g percent 600 mg 'mechanical Properties- Elasticity modulus, at 300% kg./cm.2 20 5
  • Tensile strength kg./cm.2 50 Elongation percent-- 450
  • Example 2 Moduius at 300% kg./em.2 35 Utilizing the Pr oeedure of Example .1 there was also The use of fillers permits the Varying of mechanical propadded, before the catalyst: pigments m an amount of erties and the obtaining of higher abrasion resistance in 4*"20 Parts Per 100 Parts of Polymer for the Purpose of 10 the elastic lrn, according to the specilic end applications imparting a desired color.
  • a colored elastic lm was Obdesired. tained Similar t that 0f Example
  • Example 3 termined according tothe method ASTlVI D 583-5'8 (e.g., v l5 followlng the method 1n succeeding sectlon C), Whlch lm 100 grnof an ethylene-Propylene copolymer, contain' is bonded to runproof knitted polyamide fabric with 30 ing 55 molar Percent ProPYiene and having a Viscosity denier yarns (e.g., prepared according to the method de- ML 1
  • ASTlVI D 583-5'8 e.g., v l5 followlng the method 1n succeeding sectlon C
  • Whlch lm 100 grnof an ethylene-Propylene copolymer, contain' is bonded to runproof knitted polyamide fabric with 30 ing 55 m
  • Example 4 35 ever substituting for diallyl maleate various other vinyl unsaturated products, either monomeric such as methac-
  • the 'Proeedtlre was the same as descllbed lll
  • Other elastic films have been produced using mixtures Benzoyl peroxide 2 based on nitrile rubber (e.g., Hycar 1042), butyl rubber TABLE 1
  • Ingredient Example Examplg Examplisa Nitrile rubber 1 Butyl rubber 2 Chloroprene 3- Stearic acid Polyterpene resin Dibutyl-phthalate.
  • compositions of the mixtures with their respective mechanical properties are reported in Table 1 hereinafter.
  • the technique already previously described is preferred, i.e., making up a solution of the mixture, spreading the solution over ⁇ an anti-adhesive base, elimination of the solvent, and vulcanization under pressure with steam.
  • the textile product is a runproof knitted fabric worked on a chain loom on which, by means of appropriate movement of the comb, a weave is obtained so as to allow the sliding of the yarns when these yarns are stressed under tensiion.
  • the fabric is then submitted to the action of a machine provided with rotating rollers coated ⁇ with a raising belt.
  • the function of the machine is such that a part of the filaments of the continuous yarns are raised above the plane of the fabric with the consequent formation of a series of loops regularly arranged on the surface of the fabric, without there being any breakage of the single yarns.
  • the number and density of these loops is such that there is formed a new surface arranged substantially parallel to the original plane of the fabric and defined by the crests of the loops.
  • This new surface is, in texture, similar to velvet, is characterized by a marked flexibility, elasticity and continuity owing to the fact that every loop is substantially on a plane perpendicular to the plane of the fabric, and the loops are stable in this
  • these yarns contain from about 20 to 30 turns (twists) per meter.
  • (C) COUPLING OR BONDING The coupling or bonding of the fabric to the elastomeric film may be effected using any of the known means for this purpose.
  • a preferred method resides in disposing the elastomeric film on an anti-adhesive base and then coupling the film to the fabric.
  • the base 0n which the film is spread must have anti-adhesive properties. This can be imparted to. paper or fabrics by coating with a silicone, with Telion, etc., which acts as an antiadhesive agent.
  • the vfabric is with the loops A arranged outwards, is bonded, by application of roller B, to the film PE disposed on the base C.
  • the distance between the roller B and the elastomeric film PE is regulated so that only the tops of the loops A penetrate the film PE.
  • Vulcanization of the film PE if desired, can be effected after the coupling. It Vis known that rubbersynthetic fabric bonding may pose a problem of adhesion. This is of technical significance only when using non-polar elastomers, such as, e.g., ethylene-propylene copolymer, butyl rubber, or the like.
  • the adhesion can be improved to a satisfactory level by utilizing appropriate techniques already widely described in the literature.
  • excellent results can be obtained by masticating the fabric with solutions ofv a mixture, the composition of which is the Same as that of the elastomeric film to be applied, along with the addition of small amounts of polyisocyanates (15%) and condensation products of isocyanic derivatives.
  • the former particularly suitable are, for example, triphenylmethane-triisocyanate (corresponding to commercial products of the type Desmodur R) and methylenebis-diphenyl-diisocyanate (corresponding to the commercial 4product Hylene M).
  • Example 10 Proceeding as in C, the coupling of the elastomeric films described in Example 1 and 2 is effected with a runproof knited polyamide fabric made up of yarns of 70 denier, prepared as described in B.
  • the articles obtained are useful for nautical applications, for light, insulating and water-proof fabrics, for tents, and for waterproofing applications in general.
  • Example l0 films of chloroprene, butyl rubber, and chlorosulfonated polyethylene, respectively (according to Examples 7, 8 and 9) were used. In each instance there resulted a composite material which exhibited the softness of the polyamide fabric base and the surface properties (impermeability, porosity, resistance to wear and tear, etc.) of the polymeric film.
  • Articles were obtained of particular lightness, e.g., for mountaineering garments which, in not hindering movement, offer protection yet are suitable even at very low temperatures.
  • Examples 18-21 Elastomeric films consisting of polyurethanes (EX- ample 2), ethylene-propylene copolymer (Example 4), butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer ⁇ (Example 6'), and chlorosulfonated-polyethylene (Example 9), were coupled, as in C, with a runproof knitted polyamide fabric of 60 denier yarns, prepared as described in B.
  • the composite materials obtained were suitable for the manufacture of overalls and working clothes, particularly in contaminated atmospheres or containing toxic chemicals, due to the particularly chemically resistant properties of the elastomer material used.
  • Examples 22-28 The elastomeric lms described in Examples 1-7, respectively, were coupled, as in C, with a runproof knitted polyamide fabric made of 40 denier yarns treated as in B. Composite materials were obtained that were ideal for coverings of divans, armchairs, chairs and general furnishing use.
  • Examples 29-33 Similar results to those of Examples 10-13, 16 and 17 were obtained by applying the same elastomeric films to runproof knitted fabrics made of yarns having counts of 8O denier in acrylic fiber (Draclon, Orlon, Leacril) and polyesters (terylene) treated as in B. The coupling was carried out using the method shown in FIG. 3, which method was particularly simple and effective. Composite materials were obtained which were very suitable for a wide variety of applications.
  • Examples 3 5-3 6 Elastomer films of ethylene-propylene copolymers were fixed, operating as in C, to a runproof knitted fabric made of multi-filament yarns of 60 denier (poly-propylene, Meraklon), treated as described in B.
  • a composite material was obtained that was very light, tough, and resistant to atmospheric degradative agents.
  • These -films were also applied to other fabrics (Rhovile, Movil) with similar results to those of the preceding examples, that is, obtaining a composite material in which both the softness of the base fabric and the elastomeric Ifilm properties were maintained unaltered as a consequence of the air loops gap.
  • a light flexible water-proof composite material comprising a run-proof base fabric, loops upstanding from said fabric, said loops being made up of filaments from said base fabric and being uninterrupted continuations of said base fabric filaments, said loops defining compartments or cells that are adapted to be occupied by air, the crests of said loops defining a surface spaced from the plane of said base fabric, and a waterproof elastomeric film bonded to said crests and being spaced from said fabric base and floating thereupon.
  • the composite material of claim 1 wherein said fabric and loops are formed from a material selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polyurethane, polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile and tetrafluoroethylene.
  • loops are formed fromffibers which have been pulled out from said base fabric, said loops comprising uninterrupted continuations of the fibers forming the fabric.
  • the elastomeric film is a material selected from the group consisting of a chlorosulfonated polyethylene, a chlorosulfonated polypropylene, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, an ethylene-propylene-unsaturated. monomer terpolymer, a copolymer of isobutylene with a small amount of isoprene, a butadience-acrylontrile copolymer, a polyurethane, a nitrile rubber, a silicone rubber, a polysulfide rubber, a polyiiuoronated olefin, and chloroprene.
  • the elastomeric film contains an additive selected from the group consisting of a pigment, dye, reticulating agent, organic reinforcing filler, mineral reinforcing filler, vulcanization stabilizer, accelerator, Iand dispersion promoter.
  • the composite material according to claim 1 characterized by a high lightness, flexibility, elasticity, softness, water-proofness, chemical resistance, and abrasion resistance.
  • a method of preparing a light flexible water-proof composite material from a knit fabric base made up of a plurality of filaments comprising pulling out from said fabric base a plurality of filaments to form a series of protruding loops without breaking said filaments so that said loops represent an uninterrupted continuation of the filaments of said fabric, the crests of said loops defining a surface substantially parallel to said base fabric, and bonding to said crests an elastomeric film, whereby said film is spaced from said fabric base yet is secured thereto through said loops.
  • said fabric consists of the -iibers selected from the group consisting of multiand parallel filament yarns having a low number of twists per meter and having a weight from about 20 to 250 denier, said loops being formed -by means of a chain loom in conjunction with a comb movement whereby the yarns are enabled to slide without breakage when said loops are drawn out by raising.
  • yarns are made from materials selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymers, copolymers, silk, cellulose acetate, triacetate, and cotton.
  • said elastomeric lfilm is initially disposed upon an anti-adhesive flat surface, and wherein said elastomeric film is made up of a material selected from the group consisting of polymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, butadiene, tetrauoroethylene, a polysulide rubber, poly- 2,593,553 4/ 1952 Francis 161-89 XR urethane, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, and chloroprene 3,042,564 7/ 1962 Hankins 161-53 XR rubber, and wherein said fabric is passed to said lrn so 3,272,685 9/ 1966 Kagan 161-49 that at least the crest of the protruding loops are penetrated by said elastomeric lm, and are :firmly fixed 5 FOREIGN PATENTS thereto.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
US497799A 1965-08-24 1965-10-19 Waterproof fabric and method for forming the same Expired - Lifetime US3481821A (en)

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NL656511057A NL150047B (nl) 1965-08-24 1965-08-24 Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een samengesteld, licht, buigzaam, niet-waterdoorlaatbaar en tegen chemische stoffen bestand materiaal, alsmede aldus verkregen produkten.

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US3935355A (en) * 1971-12-28 1976-01-27 Hans Georg Kuhn Wrapping material
US4160926A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-07-10 The Epoxylite Corporation Materials and impregnating compositions for insulating electric machines
WO1981003148A1 (en) * 1980-05-08 1981-11-12 Aquata Wassersport & Meerestec Protection garment for nautical sports
US4350725A (en) * 1979-10-26 1982-09-21 Norddeutsche Faserwerke Gmbh Fabric and garment of circular weft-knit or circular warp-knit material
DE3149878A1 (de) * 1981-12-16 1983-06-23 W.L.Gore & Co. GmbH, 8011 Putzbrunn Bekleidungsstueck mit einer wasserdichten und wasserdampfdurchlaessigen funktionsschicht
US4859516A (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Risuron Mat consisting of filament loop aggregations and method and apparatus for producing the same
US4952265A (en) * 1988-02-09 1990-08-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Risuron Mat consisting of filament loop aggregations and method and apparatus for producing the same
US5464491A (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-11-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Risuron Method of producing mat comprising filament loop aggregate
EP0781646A1 (de) * 1995-12-27 1997-07-02 ERA BESCHICHTUNG GmbH & CO. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schichtaufbaus sowie damit herstellbares Produkt
US5654065A (en) * 1994-07-01 1997-08-05 Reittec Co., Ltd. Composite elastic layer
US5763001A (en) * 1995-03-29 1998-06-09 Brown; C. Noel Resurfaced carpet and process for making the same
US6063473A (en) * 1993-02-26 2000-05-16 Xymid L.L.C. Abrasion-resistant composite sheet
US20170362750A1 (en) * 2014-12-26 2017-12-21 Kyowa Leather Cloth Co., Ltd. Skin material and method of producing skin material
CN114193880A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-18 吴江市华运纺织品有限公司 一种高防水耐磨尼龙塑料布及其生产装置

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GB1291272A (en) * 1969-02-20 1972-10-04 Prodesco Simulated leather fabric
JPS527375U (forum.php) * 1975-06-23 1977-01-19
US4493716A (en) * 1982-10-12 1985-01-15 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Apparatus for the separation of hydrogen sulfide from a gas mixture
FR2543984B1 (fr) * 1983-04-07 1985-07-19 Marechal Ets Structure textile enduite decoree et procede pour sa realisation
DE102007013163B4 (de) * 2007-03-20 2013-04-04 Benecke-Kaliko Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von mehrschichtigen Kunststofffolien
DE102020006092A1 (de) 2020-10-06 2022-04-07 Gottlieb Binder Gmbh & Co. Kg Körper

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US2268399A (en) * 1938-06-15 1941-12-30 Us Rubber Co Run-resisting knit fabric and bathing garment
US2533976A (en) * 1945-03-01 1950-12-12 Us Rubber Co Leather-like material
US2593553A (en) * 1946-05-31 1952-04-22 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for producing coated fabrics
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FR1327225A (fr) * 1962-04-05 1963-05-17 Segard & Cie Nouveau complexe plastique armé
GB960445A (en) * 1960-02-20 1964-06-10 Goppinger Kaliko Und Kunstlede A moisture absorbent artificial leather
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US2268399A (en) * 1938-06-15 1941-12-30 Us Rubber Co Run-resisting knit fabric and bathing garment
US2533976A (en) * 1945-03-01 1950-12-12 Us Rubber Co Leather-like material
US2593553A (en) * 1946-05-31 1952-04-22 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for producing coated fabrics
US3042564A (en) * 1958-09-08 1962-07-03 Masland C H & Sons Carpet with reinforcement
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US3935355A (en) * 1971-12-28 1976-01-27 Hans Georg Kuhn Wrapping material
US4160926A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-07-10 The Epoxylite Corporation Materials and impregnating compositions for insulating electric machines
US4350725A (en) * 1979-10-26 1982-09-21 Norddeutsche Faserwerke Gmbh Fabric and garment of circular weft-knit or circular warp-knit material
WO1981003148A1 (en) * 1980-05-08 1981-11-12 Aquata Wassersport & Meerestec Protection garment for nautical sports
DE3149878A1 (de) * 1981-12-16 1983-06-23 W.L.Gore & Co. GmbH, 8011 Putzbrunn Bekleidungsstueck mit einer wasserdichten und wasserdampfdurchlaessigen funktionsschicht
US4952265A (en) * 1988-02-09 1990-08-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Risuron Mat consisting of filament loop aggregations and method and apparatus for producing the same
US4859516A (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Risuron Mat consisting of filament loop aggregations and method and apparatus for producing the same
US6063473A (en) * 1993-02-26 2000-05-16 Xymid L.L.C. Abrasion-resistant composite sheet
US5464491A (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-11-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Risuron Method of producing mat comprising filament loop aggregate
US5654065A (en) * 1994-07-01 1997-08-05 Reittec Co., Ltd. Composite elastic layer
US5763001A (en) * 1995-03-29 1998-06-09 Brown; C. Noel Resurfaced carpet and process for making the same
EP0781646A1 (de) * 1995-12-27 1997-07-02 ERA BESCHICHTUNG GmbH & CO. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schichtaufbaus sowie damit herstellbares Produkt
US20170362750A1 (en) * 2014-12-26 2017-12-21 Kyowa Leather Cloth Co., Ltd. Skin material and method of producing skin material
CN114193880A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-18 吴江市华运纺织品有限公司 一种高防水耐磨尼龙塑料布及其生产装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1121650A (en) 1968-07-31
DE1560793A1 (de) 1974-04-18
DE1560793B2 (de) 1974-10-10
NL150047B (nl) 1976-07-15
NL6511057A (forum.php) 1967-02-27

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