US3479955A - Explosive shell with base detonating fuse - Google Patents

Explosive shell with base detonating fuse Download PDF

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Publication number
US3479955A
US3479955A US735440A US3479955DA US3479955A US 3479955 A US3479955 A US 3479955A US 735440 A US735440 A US 735440A US 3479955D A US3479955D A US 3479955DA US 3479955 A US3479955 A US 3479955A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
base
fuse
shell
housing
detonating fuse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US735440A
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English (en)
Inventor
Louis Birkigt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
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Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA filed Critical Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
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Publication of US3479955A publication Critical patent/US3479955A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F42C15/26—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/02—Fuze bodies; Fuze housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/18—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition when the spin rate falls below a predetermined limit, e.g. a spring force being stronger than the locking action of a centrifugally-operated lock

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to explosive shells with a base deto-nating fuse, that is to say to explosive shells comprising, towards the rear, a fuse adapted to assure the firing of the charge of the shell in case of impact; in addition, this fuse can advantageously be arranged in a manner to cause the destruction of the shell after a certain Hight time and to confer on the shell a trajectory safety, sometimes called muzzle safety, guarantying a certai-n ight distance, without the possibility of firing, from the muzzle of the gun.
  • the invention is more particularly, -but not exclusively, concerned with shells of this type which are spin-stabilized, of small calibre (in particular of a calibre comprised between 20 and 50 millimeters), and equipped with a ibase detonating fuse provided with delay means adapted to confer on the projectile a trajectory safety due to the progressive unwindi-ng of a spiral strip under the action of the centrifugal forces brought into play by the spin of the projectile about its axis.
  • the chief object of the present invention is to provide shells of this type which fulll the requirements of practice Vand which have, radially, an increased volume for housing the constituent elements of the mechanism of their base detonating fuse.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to a spinj stabilized explosive shell of small calibre (calibre comprised between 20 and 50 millimeters, for example 30 millimeters) comprising a base detonating fuse capable of conferring on this shell a trajectory safety, and preferably as well, of Iassuring the self-destruction of the projectile after a certain flight time.
  • a spinj stabilized explosive shell of small calibre calibre comprised between 20 and 50 millimeters, for example 30 millimeters
  • a base detonating fuse capable of conferring on this shell a trajectory safety, and preferably as well, of Iassuring the self-destruction of the projectile after a certain flight time.
  • the base detonating fuse ofl such shells was constructed in the form of an independent ensemble comprising a casing at the interior of which Were lodged the constituent elements of the mechanism of the fuse, this casing being then inserted and fixed in the manner of a base plug in ⁇ an axial housing, open towards the rear, formed for this purpose in the base of the shell.
  • the principal feature of the invention has precisely for its object to mitigate the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the supplementary piece that the casing (of the prior art fuses) constituted is economized (gain of cost price and of weight), and on the other hand, and above all, a gain of volume is realized, in the radial direction, for housing the constituent elements of the fuse mechanism proper and for the expansion of certain of these elements, in particular the expansion of a spiral strip, as will be more explicitely indicated hereafter with respect to a type of base detonati-ng fuse to which the invention is applicable in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the housing 2 is open towards the front only, that is to say if the base 1 has a solid bottom 1a whose rear end is entirely free, this rear end can receive an axial tracer 3 fixed for example by screwing or crimping.
  • This application concerns Van explosive shell whose base 1, for example of steel (with its solid bottom 1m and its housing 2 open towards the front), plays the role both orf a body for the shell and of a casing for the constituent elements of the base detonating fuse.
  • This base 1 can comprise a driving band formed in a single piece (integral) with the base, or can serve as a support for at least one separate driving band 4, for example of sintered iron.
  • the base 1 serves as a support in addition for a rst charge 5 of explosive, preferably precompressed, and for a cap in the form of an ogive 6 (made for ex- ⁇ ainple of drawn steel or of any other appropriate material, for example a plastic material) force fitted on the front skirt 1b of the base 1 and housing a second explosive charge 7 preferably protected on the side towards the nose of the shell by a plastic piece 8.
  • This second explosive charge 7 can contain hard fragments such as darts (for example from 50 to 100 darts of the order of 25 millimeters in length and two millimeters in diameter for the 30 millimeter calibre envisaged).
  • the fuse mechanism incorpo rating self-destruction and trajectory safety concerns a mechanism in which an axial tiring pin 9, urged by a spring towards a detonator 11 disposed in front of this firing pin in a first explosive charge 5, is subjected to the action, on the one hand, of a self-destruction device comprising retaining balls 12 mounted free in radial channels 12a formed in the body of the firing pin 1, these lballs 12 bearing, under the effect of the centrifugal forces brought into play by the spin of the projectile about its axis, against a trunconioal ramp 13 having its large base directed towards the rear, these balls counterbalancing the action of the percussion spring 10 as long as the speed of spin of the projectile remains greater than a predetermined value, whereas, below this value, the spring 10 becomes predominant and causes the percussion of the detonator 11 and, consequently, the self-destruction of the projectile, and on the other hand, of a delayed release locking device comprising essentially a spiral
  • the unwinding of the spiral strip 14 under the effect of the centrifugal forces can advantageously be ⁇ braked by an inertia sleeve 17, mounted rotatably on the body of the firing pin 9 between this body and the spiral strip, and angularly coupled to the inner end of this strip.
  • Such a fuse mechanism comprises essentially coaxial pieces of revolution and its adaptation in the housing 2 formed in the base 1 necessitates only a very simple arrangement of the lateral wall of this housing which can assume a generally cylindrical form with, at a certain height, a thread permitting the fastening of the transverse partition 15.
  • This transverse partition 15 can then be constructed in the form of a threaded plug extended towards the rear by a skirt 15a bearing against a ring 19 itself bearing against a shoulder of the housing 2, the inner rear edge of this ring 19 being chamferred in a manner to form the trunconical ramp 13.
  • this fuse mechanism can be protected at the level of the driving band 4 by a ring 20 adapted to oppose the lateral wall of the base from collapsing (in particular if this wall is relatively thin) when the driving band 4 is forced into the rifling grooves of the barrel of the gun.
  • the mounting of the shell is completed by putting in place the charge 5 and the cap 6 previously fitted with the charge 7.
  • This gain permits, with a spiral strip of given thickness, a greater number of turns to be given to the spiral strip, and consequently, the trajectory safety conferred by the fuse to be increased.
  • the fuse mechanism is of a type other than that described by way of example, for example a Spiral strip type firing pin mechanism having a primer housed in a rotor movable from a position in which it blocks the firing pin to a position in which it permits the tiring pin to strike the primer-without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
  • An explosive shell comprising a base, an explosive charge carried at the front of said base, and a base detonating fuse carried at the interior of said base, said base detonating fuse comprising a fuse mechanism comprising a plurality of constituent elements, wherein said base comprises a front skirt and a ybottom at the rear of and unitary and integral with said front skirt, said base thus forming a housing, said housing receiving the constituent elements of the base detonating fuse, said constituent elements being mounted directly in said housing without the intermediary of a separate casing, said housing being open towards the front of said base and at least partially closed at the rear by said unitary, integral bottom, which bottom axially supports said fuse from the rear, whereby the constituent elements of said fuse mechanism can be put in place only from the front.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US735440A 1967-06-09 1968-06-07 Explosive shell with base detonating fuse Expired - Lifetime US3479955A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU53847 1967-06-09

Publications (1)

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US3479955A true US3479955A (en) 1969-11-25

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US (1) US3479955A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE715916A (en(2012))
CH (1) CH484409A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE1703502A1 (en(2012))
FR (1) FR1568565A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB1223931A (en(2012))
LU (1) LU53847A1 (en(2012))
SE (1) SE347348B (en(2012))

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3580177A (en) * 1968-10-02 1971-05-25 Motorola Inc Rotationally responsive device
US3995557A (en) * 1974-11-20 1976-12-07 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Base fuze for a spinning projectile
US4242963A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-01-06 General Electric Company Delayed arming fuze for a spinning projectile
US4535695A (en) * 1982-12-02 1985-08-20 Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Fuse for a spin-type projectile
US5652408A (en) * 1994-07-22 1997-07-29 Manurhin Defense Explosive projectile
CN114279279A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-05 南京理工大学 一种弹道安全性好的中大口径线膛火炮榴弹触发引信系统

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443195A1 (de) * 1984-11-27 1986-05-28 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Gefechtskopf eines grosskalibrigen geschosses oder einer rakete
NO158898C (no) * 1986-05-29 1988-11-09 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Prosjektil.
DE3736842A1 (de) * 1987-10-30 1989-05-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co Sprenggeschoss mit einem geschosskoerper
DE19626660C2 (de) * 1996-07-03 2002-06-27 Diehl Stiftung & Co Sprenggeschoß
DE102005017256B4 (de) * 2005-04-14 2007-04-12 Junghans Feinwerktechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Sicherungseinrichtung für eine Munition mit radial beweglich geführten Sicherungsbolzen
WO2007137444A1 (fr) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Micro Technology Heremence Sa Fusee a impact avec dispositif d'autodestruction
CN106323107B (zh) * 2016-10-20 2018-01-05 南京理工大学 一种带有簧片式保险的电击发子弹底火

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1076264A (fr) * 1952-02-27 1954-10-25 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Perfectionnements apportés aux projectiles perforants explosifs
DE1147143B (de) * 1959-10-08 1963-04-11 Dynamit Nobel Ag Hohlladungsgeschoss
US3270670A (en) * 1964-02-18 1966-09-06 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Impact fuzes for spinning explosive projectiles and more particularly basedetonatingfuzes of the type equipped with a mechanical auto-destruction device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1076264A (fr) * 1952-02-27 1954-10-25 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Perfectionnements apportés aux projectiles perforants explosifs
DE1147143B (de) * 1959-10-08 1963-04-11 Dynamit Nobel Ag Hohlladungsgeschoss
US3270670A (en) * 1964-02-18 1966-09-06 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Impact fuzes for spinning explosive projectiles and more particularly basedetonatingfuzes of the type equipped with a mechanical auto-destruction device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3580177A (en) * 1968-10-02 1971-05-25 Motorola Inc Rotationally responsive device
US3995557A (en) * 1974-11-20 1976-12-07 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Base fuze for a spinning projectile
US4242963A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-01-06 General Electric Company Delayed arming fuze for a spinning projectile
US4535695A (en) * 1982-12-02 1985-08-20 Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Fuse for a spin-type projectile
US5652408A (en) * 1994-07-22 1997-07-29 Manurhin Defense Explosive projectile
CN114279279A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-05 南京理工大学 一种弹道安全性好的中大口径线膛火炮榴弹触发引信系统
CN114279279B (zh) * 2021-12-07 2023-04-21 南京理工大学 一种弹道安全性好的中大口径线膛火炮榴弹触发引信系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE347348B (en(2012)) 1972-07-31
LU53847A1 (en(2012)) 1969-04-22
BE715916A (en(2012)) 1968-10-16
GB1223931A (en) 1971-03-03
FR1568565A (en(2012)) 1969-05-23
DE1703502A1 (de) 1972-04-06
CH484409A (fr) 1970-01-15

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